Specification
DESC:FIELD OF THE INVENTION:
[0001] The present invention relates to a doped cathode material that comprises an active material made up of a layered transition metal oxides-based structure, for rechargeable metal-ion batteries. The present invention further discloses a method of producing a doped cathode material having novel stoichiometry capable of preparing alkali ion batteries.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION:
[0002] With the ever-increasing energy consumption and demands on energy sources, renewable energy storage systems with low cost, high efficiency, long lifespan, and adequate safety are essential. Among all the energy storage techniques, rechargeable batteries are one of the most efficient technologies for storing electricity and powering electronic devices. The rechargeable battery is even the core component of electric vehicles (EVs), which requires high performance.
[0003] Critical battery characteristics, such as specific capacity, cycling stability, and operation voltage, largely depend on the intrinsic electrochemical properties of the electrode materials. The electrodes (mainly the cathode) are the limiting factors in terms of overall capacity, i.e. energy density, and cyclability. Therefore, the main concern in the rechargeable battery system is to find suitable electrode materials, especially cathode materials, which, to a great extent, determine the energy density of a battery. Examples of such cathode material include metal oxide, polyanions, organic compounds, and others.
[0004] The most general formula used for describing transition metal oxides based on alkali metal ion cathode material is AXMO2, where M represents one or more metal ions having different oxidation states. The AXMO2 usually adopts an O3-type stacking sequence. The O3 phase is composed of alternate alkali metal ion layers and transition-metal (M) layers in the oxygen-ion framework, packed closely in the ABCABC pattern, in which alkali ions and M ions are respectively located in the octahedral sites. P2-phase is stacked in the ABBAABBA manner, with all the alkali ions occupying the trigonal prismatic sites of the alkali layers.
[0005] The exact position of the alkali metal ion defines the final structure of metal oxide i.e. octahedral, tetrahedral, or prismatic. These layered materials consist of MO6 edge-sharing octahedral units forming (MO2)n sheets, in between which the sodium cation is coordinated octahedral (O), tetrahedral (T), or prismatic (P). O-type layered oxides comprise sodium ions in octahedral sites, while P-type materials accommodate the alkali ions in prismatic sites. The most common structures for layered transition metal oxides are O3, P2, and P3-type, whereby the number indicates the number of transition metal layers in the repeating cell unit. Transition metal layered oxides have attractive properties as cathode materials for rechargeable batteries, such as the ease of synthesis and the high feasibility and reversibility of the sodium shuttling process, thus, allowing a good overall electrochemical performance.
[0006] The most promising class of transition metal oxide material is the layered metal oxides. Layered transition metal oxides have gained considerable attention due to their simple structure, ease of synthesis, high operating potential, and feasibility for commercial production. The biggest challenges faced by this material include high capacity, cycle stability, high rate capacity, being environmentally friendly, and so on. Layered transition metal oxide cathodes have a higher theoretical capacity, faster sodium ion diffusion, and smaller electrode polarization. In addition, the structure of the layered metal oxide cathode is tailorable. By means of appropriate component modulation and process conditions, it is possible to prepare layered transition metal oxides with target structures. For example, little difference in transition metal element or Na content can result in a transition between P2- and O3- type structures. The synthesis methods of layered materials are generally the traditional solid-phase reaction methods, co-precipitation, and sol-gel methods, which are relatively mature and simple, and therefore the preparation of layered transition metal oxide materials has certain industrial feasibility.
[0007] Metal doping is proven to be an important and reliable approach to stabilize the interslab spaces, reduce multiple phase transitions, and lead to enhancements in the long-term cycling and output voltage in the preparation of layered transition metal oxides. Research has been extended from AXMO2 with a single transition metal to compounds with two, three, and even four or more metal ions by introducing different metals into the AXMO2 framework, taking advantage of the unique characteristics and synergetic contributions of various metal elements.
[0008] The patent literature EP3428124B1 discusses about a Ni-based cathode material for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. The cathode material for lithium ion batteries, comprises a lithium transition metal-based oxide powder having a general formula Li1+a((Niz(Ni0.5Mn0.5)yCox)1-kAk)1-aO2, wherein A is a dopant, -0.025=a=0.025, 0.18=x=0.22, 0.42=z=0.52, 1.075
Documents
Application Documents
| # |
Name |
Date |
| 1 |
202321088138-STATEMENT OF UNDERTAKING (FORM 3) [22-12-2023(online)].pdf |
2023-12-22 |
| 2 |
202321088138-PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION [22-12-2023(online)].pdf |
2023-12-22 |
| 3 |
202321088138-POWER OF AUTHORITY [22-12-2023(online)].pdf |
2023-12-22 |
| 4 |
202321088138-FORM FOR STARTUP [22-12-2023(online)].pdf |
2023-12-22 |
| 5 |
202321088138-FORM FOR SMALL ENTITY(FORM-28) [22-12-2023(online)].pdf |
2023-12-22 |
| 6 |
202321088138-FORM 1 [22-12-2023(online)].pdf |
2023-12-22 |
| 7 |
202321088138-EVIDENCE FOR REGISTRATION UNDER SSI(FORM-28) [22-12-2023(online)].pdf |
2023-12-22 |
| 8 |
202321088138-EVIDENCE FOR REGISTRATION UNDER SSI [22-12-2023(online)].pdf |
2023-12-22 |
| 9 |
202321088138-PostDating-(20-12-2024)-(E-6-307-2024-MUM).pdf |
2024-12-20 |
| 10 |
202321088138-APPLICATIONFORPOSTDATING [20-12-2024(online)].pdf |
2024-12-20 |
| 11 |
202321088138-PostDating-(21-03-2025)-(E-6-68-2025-MUM).pdf |
2025-03-21 |
| 12 |
202321088138-APPLICATIONFORPOSTDATING [21-03-2025(online)].pdf |
2025-03-21 |
| 13 |
202321088138-FORM-5 [22-04-2025(online)].pdf |
2025-04-22 |
| 14 |
202321088138-DRAWING [22-04-2025(online)].pdf |
2025-04-22 |
| 15 |
202321088138-COMPLETE SPECIFICATION [22-04-2025(online)].pdf |
2025-04-22 |
| 16 |
202321088138-Covering Letter [07-05-2025(online)].pdf |
2025-05-07 |
| 17 |
202321088138-Information under section 8(2) [09-09-2025(online)].pdf |
2025-09-09 |