Description:FORM 2

THE PATENTS ACT-1970
(39 of 1970)
and
The Patent Rules, 2006

COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(See Section 10 and Rule 13)

1. TITLE OF THE INVENTION
A Hydraulically Driven Pre Aeration
Mechanism For Sewerage System
2. APPLICANTS
a) Name Pune Construction Engineering Research Foundation Pune and
D Y Patil College of Engineering, Akurdi, Pune
b) Nationality All Indian registered incorporated bodies
c) Address 6, Srinivas Building, Patwardhan Baug
Erandwane Pune -411004 Maharashtra India

3. PREAMBLE TO THE DESCRIPTION
The following specification particularly describes the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed.

Title of Invention
A Hydraulically Driven Pre Aeration Mechanism For Sewerage System

Field of Invention
The present invention relates to an invention in civil engineering related to A Hydraulically Driven Pre Aeration Mechanism For Sewerage System. More particularly it relates to the said system which provides pre aeration mechanism to reduce the biological oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand of the sewage before it enters into the swage treatment plants.

Background of Invention:
The present invention relating a hydraulically driven pre aeration mechanism for sewerage system is a new invention in the existing research era.

Civil engineering endeavors are increasingly focused on resource efficiency. The dynamic adjustment mechanism not only optimizes the detention period for improved pollutant removal but also contributes to energy conservation. Civil engineers can design and operate wastewater treatment plants with a heightened emphasis on resource optimization, aligning with global sustainability goals. Efficient detention period optimization directly translates into cost savings in operation and maintenance. Civil engineers can prioritize cost-effective solutions by implementing the dynamic adjustment mechanism, which not only enhances treatment efficiency but also minimizes unnecessary energy expenditure and operational costs.

It is generally assumed that 1.5 kg of oxygen is required to treat 1 kg of BOD. The amount of air generated by a manual bicycle pump with each complete cycle depends on various factors, including the design and size of the pump, as well as the effort applied by the person pumping. It's challenging to provide an exact measurement without specific details about the pump.
Generally, manual bicycle pumps for standard-sized can deliver a volume of air ranging from around 100 to 200 cubic centimeters per stroke. This is a rough estimate, and the actual volume can vary. Larger pumps designed for high-volume applications, such as inflating air mattresses or larger bike tires, may deliver more air per stroke.

Energy required for aeration in wastewater treatment is primarily associated with the operation of blowers or diffusers that provide oxygen to support the biological treatment of organic pollutants in the wastewater. The efficiency of these aeration systems, along with the overall treatment process, influences the energy consumption. a rough estimate for energy consumption in activated sludge systems can range from 0.5 to 2 kWh per kg of BOD removed. This is a general range, and actual values may vary. It's important to note that advancements in wastewater treatment technologies and practices can lead to improvements in energy efficiency. The persons skilled in the art and any civil engineer can calculate the energy saving in respect of

Conventional wastewater treatment plants often employ fixed detention periods in aeration tanks, which can lead to sub-optimal performance. The rigidity of these detention periods poses challenges, particularly when faced with variations in sewage characteristics. Wastewater composition fluctuates over time, influenced by factors such as industrial discharges, seasonal changes, and population growth. A fixed detention period may result in under-treatment during periods of high pollutant load or excessive energy consumption during low-load periods. The lack of adaptability in detention periods is a significant hurdle in achieving the full potential of wastewater treatment plants. To address this issue the novelty in invention has outcomes as follows;

Efficient wastewater treatment is crucial for environmental sustainability. The optimization of re-aeration starting from source before reaching to sewage treatment plant is the new innovative workable solution to minimize or nullify detention period at existing type of aeration unit. Detention period in aeration tanks represents a critical aspect of wastewater treatment plant design. This study introduces a pioneering mechanism to dynamically adjust the detention period within the pipeline. We are hereby proposing inline multi units at suitable distance the Hydraulic driven mechanism which ensures exit of foul gases and addition of oxygen from atmosphere. By addressing the limitations of fixed detention periods, this research aims to enhance treatment efficiency, economical, accommodate varying sewage characteristics, and contribute to the overall sustainable source of water resource management. Wastewater treatment is an integral part of ensuring the responsible use and conservation of water resources. Aeration tanks play a vital role in this process by fostering the biological breakdown of pollutants. Central to the effectiveness of aeration tanks is the detention period, the duration during which wastewater remains in the tank for treatment. Traditionally, these detention periods are fixed, presenting challenges when confronted with variations in influent characteristics. This study introduces an innovative approach to optimize the detention period dynamically by incorporating a mechanism within the pipeline. By doing so, we aim to overcome the limitations associated with fixed detention periods, thus improving treatment efficiency

In the prior art Barden Pho process, the anoxic/oxic (A/O), the anaerobic/anoxic/oxic (A2/O), the University of Cape Town (UCT) process, and attached biofilm reactors (Chen et al., 2011). Among them, the moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) is a cost-effective and efficient BNR technology, which can realize high-volume biofilm growth, high specific biomass activity, low headless, no medium channelling and clogging, and inhibition of the excessive abrasive removal of slow growing microorganisms

Zhang et al. (2013) used a pilot-scale MBBR with suspended polyethylene (PE) bio-carriers having inclination angle of 60° (50% of working volume fraction) to treat the raw water polluted by NH4-N at various temperatures (3.7–35.7 °C) and NH4-N loadings (0.031–0.0473 g NH4+-N/m2 d), achieving average removal of 71.4 ± 26.9%. However, the MBBR systems with plastic media generally do not present high T-N removal due to their limited denitrification capacity. Moreover, under aeration condition in MBBR, the strict anaerobic zone cannot be obtained for effective phosphorus release, which in turn decreases phosphorus removal efficiency

Zhuang et al., 2014). Other constrains include long start-up period required for biofilm growth on the plastic media and stabilizing system performance (Habouzit et al., 2014), as well as easy detachment of biofilm from the plastic media

Vinay Pratap1,2, Rakesh Kumar1, Sunil Kumar1,2, and Bholul Ram Yadav 1,2 The biocarrier properties play a significant role in the performance of a moving bed-biofilm reactor (MBBR). This work assessed the formation of biofilm and performance of a lab-scale MBBR during batch and continuous setups while altering the type of media, the filling ratio and the hydraulic retention time (HRT). The biofilm growth on media using real municipal wastewater was observed and performance of MBBR was evaluated for practical operation using response surface methodology

After studying the above research papers the inventors of the present invention have come to conclusion the detention period of untreated sewage in the treatment system of a sewage treatment plant plays very important role in its purification and that there is a need to develop a system with necessary modifications wherein the optimisation of the detention time of the untreated sewage.
The main object of the present invention therefore is to provide a hydraulically driven pre aeration mechanism for sewerage system.

Another object is to provide a pre aeration system which is hydraulically driven.
Still another object is to provide a pre aeration system which reduces the CoD and BoD levels of the sewage to be treated before it actually enters into the treatment plant which results into optimisation of the downstream process.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention provides a hydraulically driven pre aeration mechanism for sewerage system. The said system installed between the sewage line carrying the untreated sewage to the treatment plant. The system comprises situated in the pipe carrying untreated sewage, a fan equipped with a helical gear, the said fan connected to spring mechanism, the other end of the spring mechanism connected to a cylindrical piston pump, with piston 8 connected to a shaft, the outlet of the said pump opens in the sewage line above the rotating fan. The fan rotates with the hydraulic force of the running untreated sewage, which activates the spring mechanism to move the shaft and piston of the pump to force the outside air to mix with the running untreated sewage thereby reducing the BoD and CoD levels of the untreated sewage before the said untreated sewage with reduced BoD and CoD enters into the treatment plant for further processing.
Brief description of the drawings:
Fig 1 shows the schematic plan of the pre aeration mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows the vertical section of the pre aeration mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 3 shows the section of the pre aeration mechanism.
The following table 1 details the legends used and their description of various components of the pre aeration mechanism of the present invention.

Table (1)
Sr. No Description
1. Sewage Pipe
2. Spring mechanism
3. Pump
4. Helical Gear
5. Air valve
6. Fan with Blades
7. Spring Mechanism
8. Shaft
9. Piston

Detailed description of the drawing:
Referring to Fig. (1) to (3) the hydraulically driven pre aeration mechanism for sewerage system characterised by pre aeration and the hydraulically driven mechanism comprises situated in the sewage pipe (1) carrying untreated sewage a fan (6) with plurality of blade (6), the said fan (6) equipped with a helical gear (4), the said fan connected to spring mechanism (2 and 7), the other end of the spring mechanism (2) being connected to a cylindrical piston pump (3), with piston (9) connected to a shaft (8), the outlet of the said pump (3) opening in the sewage pipe (1) above the rotating fan.
In one of the embodiments of the present invention the fan may be made of 3 To 7 Blades.
In yet another embodiment the BoD of the untreated sewage reduces to ~ 28%
Working of the invention:
Working of our invention is based upon the principle follows with hydraulically operated machines with auto vertical motions. This type of operation observed with up and down of bicycle pindle so the bicycle moves but it's in horizontal direction. Another example is Machin like Cam machine, as the cam rotates, the follower moves along the surface of the cam, resulting in linear motion. This invention are having the component, that either rotates by turbine with flow of sewage in sewer to create a up and down motion in a contacting element known as a follower. The shape of the sewage contacting surface is determined by the prescribed motion and the profile of the follower; the latter is usually flat or circular.
Hydraulic driven shaft-follower mechanisms are particularly useful when a simple motion of one part of a machine is to be converted to a more complicated prescribed motion of another part, one that must be accurately timed with respect to the simple motion and may include periods of rest (dwells). The motion of the shaft in an automobile engine, for example, is a simple rotation that bears a fixed ratio to the crankshaft speed, whereas the valve motion produced, is accurately timed relative to the crankshaft rotation and includes dwells during which the valves remain closed. This is essential elements with name camshaft in automatic machine tools, textile machinery, sewing machines, printing machines, and many others. If the follower is not restrained by a groove on the cam(shaft), a spring is necessary to keep the follower in contact with the shaft.
Advantages of the present invention:
• The system provided by the present invention work by the hydraulic pressure of the untreated sewage requiring no external energy supply.
• The BoD and CoD of the untreated sewage is reduced to ~ 28%. This reduction in oxygen demand facilitates the downstream process of the sewage treatment in the main plant.
• The system is capable of being retrofit in any existing sewage treatment plant with the least civil engineering modifications.
• It reduces the cost of sewage treatment in general.
• Improved Treatment Efficiency: Faster and more effective wastewater treatment processes.
• Energy Savings: Significant cost savings due to reduced energy consumption.
• Reduced Footprint: Extra space for other purposes or revenue-generating activities.
• Environmental Benefits: Reduced greenhouse gas emissions and positive impact on the environment.
• Lower Operational Costs: More cost-effective and financially sustainable treatment processes.
• Regulatory Compliance: Enhanced compliance with environmental regulations.
• Improved Water Quality: Better water quality for discharged or treated water.

Claims:

1. A hydraulically driven pre aeration mechanism for sewerage system characterised by pre aeration and the hydraulically driven mechanism comprises situated in the sewage pipe (1) carrying untreated sewage a fan (6) with plurality of blade (6), the said fan (6) equipped with a helical gear (4), the said fan connected to spring mechanism (2 and 7), the other end of the spring mechanism (2) being connected to a cylindrical piston pump (3), with piston (9) connected to a shaft (8), the outlet of the said pump (3) opening in the sewage pipe (1) above the rotating fan.

2. The hydraulically driven pre aeration mechanism for sewerage system as claimed in claim (1) wherein the fan is made of 3 to 7 Blades.

3. The hydraulically driven pre aeration mechanism for sewerage system as claimed in claims (1) to (2) wherein the BoD of the untreated sewage reduces to ~28%