FIELD OF THE INVENTION:
The present invention generally relates to a monitoring and control system and more particularly
to a medical monitoring and control system to eliminate the risk of excess infusion or backflow of
blood due to complete drainage of infusion tube during intravenous infusion therapy.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION:
Intravenous therapy is the infusion of liquid substances directly into a vein. The general practice
followed for the Intravenous (IV) therapy is that the fluid bottle is hung on a stand, one end of the
infusion tube is connected to the bottle and the other end is connected to a needle that is inserted
into the vein. The tube has a manual flow rate controller that controls the rate of infusion. Use of
conventional IV (Intravenous) drip systems for infusion, require continuous manual monitoring at
all times of the day. This can be an onerous and stressful task. In the less equipped hospitals, where
the infusion process is monitored manually by nurses/patient's relatives /patients themselves, the
risk of excess dose of infusion fluid or back flow of blood due to complete drainage of infusion
tube possess unwanted threat and stress for the people monitoring especially during round the
clock monitoring. Any mistake or delays in monitoring in this regard can lead to various problems
such as reflux of blood upon complete draining of bottle, overdose of drugs and excess infusion of
electrolytes and saline. This can lead to discomfort and distress of patients with possibility of
potential complications.
A few attempts and technologies have been made to solve this problem. For instance, Indian patent
application no. IN-CHE-201303238 to Raviharan et al., entitled "An automated monitor system
for intravenous therapy" discloses an automated monitoring system for intravenous infusion which
comprises a wireless, embedded controller system. It uses the principle of infrared transmission
through the infusion fluid to detect the presence of fluid in the bottle. The IR transmitter and
receiver are located on opposite sides of the bottle. A C-bracket housing has been used for the
sensing unit which limits its adaptability and prevents its use with bottles of various sizes. An RF
signal is transmitted from the sensing unit to a remotely located receiver unit, which has an alarm
unit and LED indicators. However, there is no alarm unit provided with the sensing unit that will
ring at the place of infusion.
A Medical Intravenous Infusion Alarm is disclosed in patent application number CN20141 09845
to HUANG JING et al., entitled "Medical intravenous infusion alarm" where the IR based
detecting device is to be placed on the IV infusion tube and the alarm is initiated based on the
presence or absence of fluid within the tube. This allows the user to be alerted only when the bottle
is completely empty and does not facilitate indication after partial emptying of the bottle in cases
where full infusion is not required.

United States patent No. 5800386 entitled "Device for monitoring and controlling an intravenous
infusion system" to Bellifemine and Francesco discloses device for monitoring and controlling an
intravenous infusion system. It has a sensor for sensing the liquid droplets and calculating the
volume of liquid and transfer the signals to the microcontroller unit and also it includes a liquid
flow shut off device and a pushbutton which resets the shutoff device. The sensing mechanism is
placed on the drip chamber of the infusion system and uses Infrared rays to detect each droplet as
it passes through the chamber, and then accordingly calculates the volume from the number of
droplets. This invention uses an electromagnetic system to close the tube.
A fluid monitoring device is disclosed in United States patent No. 7327273 to Hung et al. which
relates to a device to monitor administration of intravenous fluid using an optical fluid sensor
device. This invention has a sensing mechanism that detects the presence or absence of fluid within
a chamber that is located below the drip chamber. As a result, this invention does not provide any
means to stop the flow when a predefined volume has been administered. It will close the tube
when the bottle is empty. Also, the sensor system disclosed in this prior art consists of one emitter
and two detectors, positioned in such a way that each one of them receives maximum rays when
the chamber is filled and is empty. It is based on the refraction of the IR rays by the fluid in the
chamber.
In addition, a PCT Publication No. WO2006013312 entitled "A fluid detector and alarm system"
to CHU et al. relates to an intravenous fluid detector and alarm system. Here the sensor comprises
an infrared emitter and a detector which receives radiation emitted from the emitter and they are
placed on opposite sides of the tube. It includes microcontroller which generates audible and/or
visual alarm and actuates the tube-clamping device to prevent fluid flow. This prior art deals with
methods to detect the presence of air bubbles in the tube, and not the completion of infusion of a
desired volume of liquid.
United States Patent No. 5445622 entitled "Flow switch device for medical applications" to Eric
Brown relates to an intravenous system for monitoring the flow of IV fluids to a patient in a

wristwatch sized unit for placement on the patient. This invention is different in that it is a flow
switch device that indicates if the infusion of fluid has stopped or started. It does not provide any
means for monitoring the volume of infusion or closing the tube when completed. It depends on
the pressure exerted by the flowing liquid on a movable switch member to determine if flow is
stopped or started. IR is used to detect the motion of a movable switch member in contact with the
fluid, and not to monitor the presence of fluid.
PCT Publication No. WO 1999042151 to George Gallagher entitled "A method and apparatus for
monitoring intravenous drips" relates to a method and apparatus for monitoring intravenous drips
by the transmission and detection of a signal through a fluid flow passage whereby detection of a
signal of a given intensity activates an audible or visual indicator. This invention uses optical fibres
as a part of the sensing mechanism to emit and receive the IR rays. In addition, it does not comprise
a flow stop system to close the tube when required volume has been infused.
United States Patent No.6980852 entitled "Film barrier dressing for intravascular tissue
monitoring system" to Karen Jersey-Willuhn relates to a method of monitoring the physiological
conditions of a tissue in response to IV infusion. However, this invention does not provide any
means to provide flow stop system for IV infusion.
Though, many systems have been proposed to eliminate the problem of infusion or backflow of
blood, they are not completely efficient. Hence, there arises a salient need for a flexible and
efficient monitoring and control system that provides the medic and nurse with easier monitoring
of infusion therapy for patients.
Thus, the present invention provides a low cost, automatic monitoring and control system that
gives alarm and stops the infusion when a desired volume of fluid has been infused during
intravenous infusion therapy using a sensing mechanism that is based on the principle of reflection
of infrared rays by the fluid in the bottle..

4. DESCRIPTION
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION:
The objective of the present invention is to design an efficient, automatic monitoring and control
system consisting of an infrared based detection system that senses the presence/absence of fluid
within the bottle at the level of attachment of the sensor to avoid the risk of backflow of blood
through the infusion tube and over dosage of fluid (i.e. drugs, saline, glucose, etc.)
According to the present invention, the device consists of three separate working parts, where the
first part comprises a sensing mechanism which sends signal to the second electronic part which
then takes the appropriate decision of presence / absence of fluid and actuates the alarm and the
third part which is a mechanical arrangement to stop the flow.
The sensing part consists of an IR emitter and receiver pair placed inside a case. The IR transmitter
and receiver pair is located together with their transmitting and receiving face parallely positioned
and both facing the opening of the sensor case. The receiver detects the change in level of reflected
IR due to liquid molecules present in the bottle.
The output of the receiver is sent to a microcontroller, which makes a decision to activate a buzzer
and a mechanical flowstop system which will stop the flow of the liquid through the infusion tube.
The mechanical arrangement consists of clip/spring is used to apply mechanical pressure to the
infusion tube so as to stop the fluid flow. A locking system keeps the clip or the spring under
tension and a motor is used to actuate the system by unlocking it.
The device can be powered by a battery or a rechargeable battery that can be charged while
functioning or that can be taken out to charge separately. The sensor is designed in the form of a
flexible strip which is adaptable to various bottle sizes and can be used at the neck of bottle as well
to detect complete drainage.
In different embodiments of the present invention, multiple versions of the device are possible like
device with buzzer and flowstop system, device with only buzzer in a separate control unit with
rechargeable battery, device with a buzzer incorporated in a control unit miniaturized onto the
sensor strip and integrated with a wireless control for remote monitoring.;
The monitoring and control device of the present invention is compatible with multiple fluid types
due to the calibration of constants and threshold used for computation, prior to monitoring. Thus
the device plays a vital role in preventing potential complications during intravenous infusion
therapy.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS:
The objective of the present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the
accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1(a) illustrates the sensor strip that is to be attached to the bottle at the desired level of
infusion;
FIG. 1(b) illustrates the schematic diagram of the control unit;
FIG 2(a) shows the flow stop system while the control unit is in monitoring state;
FIG 2(b) shows the flowstop system while the control unit is in choking state;
FIG 3(a) depicts an alternative design of the flowstop system while the control unit is in monitoring
state;
FIG 3(b) illustrates the alternative design of the flowstop system while the control unit is in
choking state;
FIG 4(a) shows the device when it is used to only give an alarm and the control unit is miniaturized
onto the sensor strip;
FIG 4(b) shows the schematic of the control unit when the device is only used to give an alarm;
Fig 5(a) shows the working arrangement of the system;
Fig 5(b) shows the working arrangement in the case where the control unit is miniaturized onto
the sensor strip;

Fig 5(c) illustrates the working arrangement in the case where the control unit as in Fig lb is
attached the IV stand and the sensor strip as in Fig 1a is attached to the bottle containing fluid for
infusion;
Fig 6 shows the schematic of the control unit integrated with a wireless console;
REFERENCE NUMERALS:
IR Transmitter (1)
IR Receiver (2)
Casing (3)
Buckle (4)
Strap (5)
Four core wire (6)
Input to the control unit (7)
Pulsating signal sent to IR transmitter (8)
Microcontroller (9)
Driver IC (10)
Buzzer and/or Bedside alarm (11)
Motor (12)
Latch arm (13)
Pressure exerting spring (14)
Clip arm (15)
Spring that holds the clip arm under tension (16)
IV tube (17)
Tube slot (18)
Base (19)
Secondary Detector (20)
Secondary IR transmitter (21)

Secondary IR receiver (22)
Signal from secondary detector to microcontroller (23)
Latch arm (24)
Spring connected to the latch arm (25)
Groove (26)
Wedge-head (27)
Spring in contact with shaft and wedge-head (28)
Shaft (29)
Tube slot in the alternative design (30)
Clip arm in the alternative design (31)
Control unit miniaturized onto sensor strip (32)
IV stand (33)
Bottle containing fluid for infusion (34)
Power ON/OFF switch (35)
RESET button (36)
LED indicator (37)
Power ON/OFF switch in an alternative design (38)
START button (39)
Green LED (40)
STOP button (41)
Red LED (42)
Wireless console (43)
RF transmitter (44)
RF receiver (45)
Buzzer (46)
Visual indicator (47)

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION:
Aspects of the present invention described herein, discloses an automatic monitoring and control
system as shown in FIG. 1 that helps in easy monitoring and control of infusion of fluid during
intravenous infusion therapy. The features of the invention will be more readily understood from
the following detailed description of the various aspects of the invention taken in conjunction with
the accompanying drawings that depict various embodiments of the invention.
According to the present invention, an intravenous infusion monitoring and controlling system
consisting of an infrared based detection system senses the presence/absence of fluid within the
bottle at the level of attachment of the sensor. An IR transmitter-receiver pair located on opposite
sides of the bottle is used. The receiver detects the change in level of reflected IR due to liquid
molecules present in the bottle. The output of the receiver is sent to a microcontroller, which makes
a decision to activate a buzzer and a mechanical flowstop system which will stop the flow of the
liquid through the infusion tube. The mechanical arrangement consists of clip/spring is used to
apply mechanical pressure to the infusion tube so as to stop the fluid flow. A locking system keeps
the clip or the spring under tension and a motor is used to actuate the system by unlocking it.
The present device has the ability to overcome the risk of back flow of blood during intravenous
therapy without the need for manual monitoring. The device is reusable and has minimal
requirement for sterilization since it does not come in contact with infusion fluid like other devices.
In accordance with the present invention, the control device consists of three separate working
parts. The first part is a sensing part having a sensing mechanism from which the signal is sent to
the second part that is an electronic part and which then takes the decision of presence/absence of
fluid and gives an alarm and actuates the third mechanical part to stop the fluid flow during
intravenous fluid infusion.
In a preferred aspect of the present invention, the sensing principle used in the present invention
for detection is infrared (IR) based. This is because, every fluid reflects some amount of IR. This
property leads to change in the fraction of reflected infrared rays with the presence/absence of fluid
in the bottle. The IR transmitter and receiver pair is installed inside a case i.e a flexible platform.
The IR transmitter and receiver pair is placed together with their transmitting and receiving face
parallelly positioned and both facing the opening of the sensor case. In case of empty bottle, the
IR rays are partially reflected from the inner wall of the bottle. When fluid is present within the
bottle, the fraction of reflected IR received by the IR receiver is higher due to reflection by the
liquid molecules as well as the bottle wall. The sensor case should be strapped on the infusion
bottle at the level where the infusion is to be stopped. After pasting the detector platform the
module is turned on and the reset button is pressed, following which the controller records some
data from the detector and sets the threshold point. The threshold point is decided by averaging
the data received in the presence of fluid. Now the microcontroller continuously observes the data
coming from the detector. If the detected value goes beyond the threshold limit (i.e., the absence

of fluid in front of the detector) the microcontroller turns on both the alarm system and the
mechanical system to stop the flow.
The sensor case can be made of plastic, metal or any other suitable material. The outer boundary
of the case is attached with the Velcro rubber, leather or any flexible, elastic and gripping material
to firmly attach the sensor arrangement over the bottle's surface. The flexible strap ensures that
the sensor can be firmly secured to any type of bottle and at any level including the narrow neck
region. This is particularly helpful in cases where full bottle is to be infused. The front face of the
IR receiver can be covered with an IR damper to avoid saturation of the IR receiver, while in use
in direct sunlight.
In a brief description of the present invention, when the bottle is filled with fluid, the IR rays
transmitted by the IR transmitter will be reflected by the fluid and the inner walls of the bottles.
Hence the fraction of reflected rays received by the IR receiver is high. But, if the bottle is empty
or if the fluid level is below a threshold value, then the IR rays will be reflected only by the inner
walls of the bottle and the fraction of reflected IR received by the IR receiver will be less and
hence there will be a change in the reflected IR when the bottle is full, empty or below some
threshold level.
Figure 1(a) illustrates the sensor strip that is to be attached to the bottle at the desired level of
infusion. The sensor strip has an IR transmitter (1) and an IR receiver (2) enclosed in a casing (3)
made of plastic, metal or any other suitable materials. The casing (3) has a buckle (4) to attach the
strap (5) to the casing (3). The strap can be made of Velcro, rubber, leather or any other flexible
material. A four core wire (6) is used to transmit and receive signals from the sensor strip and the
control unit.
In addition, the output of receiver is sent to the electronic part which majorly consists of a
microcontroller that sends pulsed signals to IR transmitter (1), reads output from the ER receiver
(2) and takes decision to give an appropriate output that is determined by the configuration of the
device.
Figure 1(b) illustrates a schematic diagram of the control unit where 7 represents the input to the
control unit from the IR receiver (2) and 8 is the pulsating signals sent to IR transmitter (1) by the
microcontroller (9). The microcontroller (9) reads the signal (7) and after appropriate computing,
takes a decision to drive the buzzer/bedside alarm or both (11) and motor (12) through a driver IC
(10).
In a detailed description of the present invention, various configurations of the device are explained
and the decisions to give an appropriate output is determined by such configurations of the device.
The following are the different configurations that can be made possible with the present invention.

In first configuration, the device consists of a buzzer and a flowstop system and the output of the
microcontroller drives both the buzzer and flowstop system through a driver IC (10). Driver IC
(10) is used for better stability when it performs the alarm and flowstop function. The indication
can also be in visual form using LEDs. In this configuration, a slot (18) is provided on the control
unit through which the infusion tube is to be inserted prior to switching on the device as shown in
Figure 2(a). A mechanical arrangement consisting of clip/spring assembly (Figure 2(a) & 2(b)) is
used to apply the mechanical pressure to the infusion tube (17) so as to stop the fluid flow. A
locking system keeps the clip or the spring under tension and a motor (12) is used to actuate the
system by unlocking it. The control unit is provided with three switches to toggle between power
ON/OFF, start/reset and stop the monitoring respectively. A secondary detector (20) consisting of
an IR transmitter (21) and receiver (22) pair is placed in the slot where the tube is inserted and this
acts as a failsafe mechanism that continuously monitors the fluid in the tube.
The power source can be a battery, a rechargeable battery that can be charged while functioning
or that can be taken out to charge separately or any type of dc source which includes AC/DC or
DC/DC adapter.
In the second configuration, the device consists of a buzzer and the output of the microcontroller
(9) alone can drive the buzzer (11) and the driver IC may not be needed as shown in Figure 4(b).
The indication can also be in the visual form using an LED. Multiple versions are possible based
on the type of battery used. If a rechargeable battery is used, the control unit is to be fixed on to
the infusion stand (33) as shown in Figure 5(a). However, if a button cell battery is used as the
power source, the control unit (32) can be miniaturized so that it can be hung on the sensor strip,
rather than the infusion stand as shown in Figure 5(b). Two switches are provided in this
configuration to toggle power ON/OFF and to reset the device respectively.
In addition, the alarm system of the device can be modified to ring either on the device end or on
the nurse-station or both. To alert the nurse-station, a separate communication line, wired or
wireless can be implemented or can be integrated with an existing bedside alarm (11) switch that
alerts the nurse station when activated.
In accordance with the present invention, Figure 2(a) shows the flowstop system while the control
unit is in monitoring state. When the fluid in the bottle stays up to the threshold level, the
microcontroller does not actuate any alarm or the mechanical flowstop system.
As shown in Figure 2(a), the latch arm (13) is pulled in by the spring (14) and that blocks the clip
arm (15) from actuating due to the pressure exerted by the spring (16). When the fluid goes below
the threshold level, the microcontroller detects it and initiates the motor (12) to push the latch arm
(13) that releases the clip arm (15) under tension from the spring (16) to put pressure on the IV
tube (17) placed inside the tube slot (18). Clip arm (15) and latch arm (13) are hinged to the base
(19).

Figure 2(b) shows the flowstop system when the control unit is in choking state where the clip arm
(15) is shown putting pressure on the IV tube (17) to stop the flow of fluid through the tube. The
clip arm (15) is used to manually reset the flowstop system. When the clip arm (15) is pushed
down, the latch arm (13) locks it there and restores the flow in the tube (17) until the motor (12)
releases it again. The spring (16) constantly applies pressure on the clip arm (15) to keep it active.
According to the present invention, the control unit consists of a secondary detector (20) which
consists of IR transmitter (21) and IR receiver (22) pair. The signal of the IR receiver (22) sends
signal 23 to the microcontroller (9) and if air is detected, the microcontroller (9) takes a decision
to drive the buzzer/bedside alarm (11) and motor (12) through the driver IC (10).
Figure 3(a) illustrates an alternative design of the flowstop system while the control unit is in
monitoring state. As shown in the figure 3(a), the latch arm (24) is pulled down by the spring (25)
along the groove (26) that prevents the wedge-head (27) from actuating due to the pressure exerted
by the spring (28). The motor (12) is used to push the latch arm (24) upwards, which releases the
shaft (29) under tension from the spring (28) to put pressure on the IV tube (17) placed inside the
tube slot (30). A second detector (20) is also present in this alternative design.
Figure 3(b) illustrates the flowstop system while the control unit is in choking state where the
wedge-head (27) is shown applying pressure on the IV tube (17) to stop the flow of the fluid. In
this alternative design, the clip arm (3,1) is used to manually reset the flowstop system by moving
the shaft (29) back and the latch arm (24) in its position, until it is released by the motor (12) again.
The spring (25) constantly applies pressure on the wedge-head (27) to keep it active.
In a preferred embodiment of the given invention, the Figure 4(a) illustrates the device when it is
used only to give an alarm and the control unit (32) is miniaturized onto the sensor strip (32). It
has the IR transmitter (1) and the IR receiver (2) enclosed in a casing (3) made of plastic, metal or
other suitable materials. The casing (3) has a buckle (4) to attach the strap (5) to the casing.
Figure 4(b) shows the schematic diagram of the control unit (32) when the device is used only to
give an alarm. Here, 7 represents input to the control unit from the IR receiver (2) and 8 is the
pulsating signals sent to the IR transmitter (1) by the microcontroller (9). Microcontroller (9) reads
the signal (7) and takes the appropriate decision to drive the buzzer (11) after proper computing.
The working arrangement of the control unit in one embodiment is shown in Figure 5(a) in which
the control unit (32) consists of microcontroller (9) and buzzer (11) attached to the IV stand (33)
and the sensor strip as in Figure 1(a) is attached to the bottle (34) containing fluid for infusion.
The control unit (32) has a power ON/OFF switch (35), RESET button (36) and LED indicator
■ (37).

Figure 5(b) illustrates the working arrangement of the control unit (32) in an alternate embodiment
in which the control unit (32) consisting of microcontroller (9) and buzzer (11) is miniaturized
onto the sensor strip which is attached to the bottle (34) containing the fluid for infusion.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the Figure 5(c) shows the working
arrangement of the control unit as in Figure 1(b) wherein the control unit (32) is attached to the IV
stand (33) and the sensor strip as in Figure 1(a) is attached to the bottle (34) containing fluid for
infusion. The IV tube (17) passes through the tube slot (18) in the control unit (32). Also, the
control unit (32) consists of a power ON/OFF switch (38), a START button (39), a green LED
(40) to indicate the start of the monitoring process, a STOP button (41) and a red LED (42) to
indicate the end of the monitoring process.
As shown in Fig. 6, the control unit as in Fig lb integrated with a wireless console (43). The control
unit will consist of an additional RF transmitter (44), which transmits the signal to an RF receiver
(45), which in turn activates the buzzer (46) and visual indicator (47) located in the wireless
console (43).
In addition, the device can be powered by a battery or a rechargeable battery that can be charged
while functioning or that can be taken out to charge separately. The sensor part used is designed
in the form of a flexible strip which is adaptable to various bottle sizes and can also be used to
detect complete drainage by connecting to the neck of the bottle.
In different embodiments of the present invention, multiple versions of the device are possible like
device with buzzer and flowstop system, device with only buzzer in a separate control unit with
rechargeable battery, device with a buzzer incorporated in a control unit miniaturized onto the
sensor strip and integrated with a wireless control for remote monitoring.
The device thus developed has an additional advantage of versatility and can be used for various
types of bottles and fluids. This is owing to the calibration of the constants and threshold used for
the computation, prior to monitoring. The algorithm used to compute has adaptable thresholding
so that the effect of noise or external disturbances can be eliminated.

5. CLAIMS (not applicable for provisional specification. Claims should start with the preamble -
- "I/We Claim" on separate page)
We claim:
1. An automatic monitoring and control system to prevent the risk of excess infusion or backflow
of blood during intravenous infusion comprising:
(a) a sensor strip, said sensor strip is attached to the infusion bottle (34) at the desired level of
infusion; and
(b) a control unit, wherein said control unit comprises:
i. a microcontroller (9) to read signals and to drive buzzer or bedside alarm (11) and
Motor (12) through a Driver IC (10), said microcontroller also receives signal (23)
from the second detector (20) to drive the Buzzer/Bedside alarm (or both) (11) and
Motor (12) through a Driver IC (10); and
ii. a mechanical system to actuate the flowstop mechanism, wherein said mechanical
system comprises two configurations:
I. a motor (12) to actuate the flowstop mechanism, a latch arm (13), a spring
(14) to pull said latch arm (13), a clip arm (15), a spring to hold said clip
arm (15) under tension, an IV tube (17), tube slot (18) to hold said IV tube
(17), a base (19) that hinges said latch arm (13) and said clip arm (15); and
II. a motor (12) to actuate the flowstop mechanism, a latch arm (24), a spring
(25) connected to said latch arm (24), a groove (26), a wedge-head (27), a
shaft (29), a spring (28) in contact with said shaft (29) and said wedge-head
(27), a clip arm (31), tube slot (30) to hold said IV tube (17).
2. An automatic monitoring and control system according to claim 1, wherein said sensor strip
comprises IR Transmitter (1) and IR Receiver (2) enclosed in a casing (3), said casing (3) has
a buckle (4) to attach the strap (5) to the casing.
3. An automatic monitoring and control system according to claim 1, wherein said control unit
comprises a power ON/OFF switch (35, 38) to switch ON/OFF the system, a RESET button
(36) to reset the mechanical flowstop system to the initial state, an LED indicator (37) to
indicate the status of the system, a START button (39) with a green LED (40) to start the
monitoring process, a STOP button (41) with red LED (42) to end the monitoring process.
4. An automatic monitoring and control system as claimed in claim 2, said IR receiver (2) front
face can be covered with an IR damper to avoid saturation of IR receiver (2) while using it in
direct sunlight.
5. A working arrangement for monitoring and controlling the infusion of fluid during intravenous
infusion therapy comprising:

(a) attaching said sensor strip on said infusion bottle (34) at the level where the infusion
is to be stopped;
(b) turning on the system by power ON/OFF switch (35)
(c) setting of threshold point by the microcontroller (9) after reading data from detector;

(d) observing the data from said IR receiver (2); and
(e) actuating the alarm when the detected value goes beyond the threshold limit which is
indicated by LED indicator (37).
(f) to resetting the whole process using RESET button (3) in case of any disturbance or
bottle change.
6. A working arrangement, of the control unit miniaturized onto the sensor strip for monitoring
and controlling the infusion of fluid during intravenous infusion therapy comprising:
(a) attaching said sensor strip on said infusion bottle (34) at the level where the infiision
is to be stopped;
(b) turning on the system by power ON/OFF switch;
(c) setting of threshold point by the microcontroller (9) after reading data from detector;
(d) observing the data from said IR receiver (2); and
(e) actuating the alarm when the detected value goes beyond the threshold limit which
may also be indicated using an LED.

7. A process of monitoring and controlling according to claim 06, wherein said control unit is
powered by a button cell battery to provide a miniaturized control unit which can be hung on
said sensor strip.
8. A working arrangement of the control unit attached to the intravenous stand and sensor strip
attached to the infusion bottle for monitoring and controlling the infusion of fluid during
intravenous infusion therapy comprising:

(a) attaching said sensor strip on said infusion bottle (34) at the level where the infiision
is to be stopped;
(b) turning on the system by power ON/OFF switch followed by starting the monitoring
process by actuating said START button (39) which is indicated by said green LED (40);
(c) setting of threshold point by the microcontroller (9) after reading data from detector;
(d) observing the data from said IR receiver (2);
(e) actuating the alarm and said mechanical flowstop system when the detected value
goes beyond the threshold limit; and
(f) ending the monitoring process by actuating said STOP button (41) which is indicated
by said red LED (42).

9. A process of monitoring and controlling according to claims 05 and 08, wherein said control
unit is powered by a rechargeable battery or non-rechargeable battery or DC power supply
through AC to DC adaptor so that the control unit (32) is fixed on to said infusion stand (33).
10. A process of monitoring and controlling infusion of fluid as claimed in claims 05 and 08,
wherein said mechanical flowstop system is actuated by the process comprising: (a) pushing
said latch arm (13) by actuating said motor (12); (b) applying pressure on said IV tube by
releasing said clip arm (15) under tension from spring (16), thus blocking the flow of fluid
through said IV tube (17); (c) resetting said flowstop system by pushing down clip arm (15)
and locking said latch arm (13) in the place until said motor (12) releases it again; (d) applying
pressure on said clip arm (15) by said spring (16) to keep it active.

11. A process of monitoring and controlling infusion of fluid as claimed in claims 05 and 08,
wherein said mechanical flowstop system is actuated by the process comprising: (a) pushing
said latch arm (24) upwards by said motor (12); (b) releasing shaft (29) under tension from
spring (28) to put pressure on said IV tube (17) which is placed inside said tube slot (30), thus
blocking the flow of fluid through said IV tube (17); (c) resetting said flowstop system by
moving shaft (29) back and locking said latch arm (24) in its position until it is released by
said motor (12) again; (d) applying pressure on said wedge-head (27) by said spring (25) to
keep it active.