DESC:FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[001] The present invention relates to the electric field and specifically to a device that enables a changeover from an on-grid to an off-grid solar system. This device is used to produce the desired voltage in the solar inverter, allowing for efficient use of solar energy.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[002] A solar system is a setup that uses solar energy to generate electricity. It typically consists of solar panels that absorb sunlight, an inverter that converts direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC), and batteries and/or a connection to the power grid. There are two types of solar systems for homes i.e. on-grid and off-grid.
[003] An on-grid solar system, also known as a grid-tied solar system, is the most common type worldwide. This system is connected to the power grid and any excess energy can be transferred to the grid. When the energy produced by the system is insufficient, the owner can draw additional energy from the grid, resulting in a significant reduction in electricity bills. This system is easy to maintain and does not require batteries, which reduces its cost.
[004] In contrast, an off-grid system includes batteries and is not connected to the grid. All solar energy produced by the system is consumed solely by the owner. However, this system is more expensive and difficult to maintain due to the need for batteries.
[005] Direct current (DC) produced by solar panels cannot be used directly to power household equipment and other electrical devices. Therefore, an inverter is necessary to convert the DC to AC for use by domestic and commercial applications. The input voltage from photovoltaic solar panels is typically 400 V DC for an on-grid system, whereas normal inverters used in homes and offices run at input voltages of 12, 24, 36, and 48 V DC.
[006] In an on-grid system, there is no provision to supply electricity during a power failure. Our system can convert solar energy into AC to fulfil the owner's needs. However, normal inverters are of no use in a solar system due to the high input voltage. Specially designed solar inverters, such as hybrid solar systems, are currently used for solar systems, but they are highly costly and not affordable for a large group of people.
[007] Therefore, there is currently no viable solution to the problems stated above. But, the device disclosed in the present invention aims to solve the problem stated above.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION:
[008] the objective of present invention is to provide a device that makes the normal inverters efficient to change the 400V generated from solar panel into the desired voltage, so that no need of hybrid solar system.
One of the object of the present invention is to provide with a device that enables a changeover from an on-grid to an off-grid solar system.
[009] One more object of the present invention is to provide with the self-operated mechanism to get the required voltage required to run off grid solar system without any loss
[010] Yet another object of the present invention is to provide with the automatic system consisting the chain gear arrangement to get the on grid to off grid conversion
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION:
[011] A device for changeover from on-grid to off-grid solar system [100] comprising in it;
i. AC/DC power supply [102] from grid power.
ii. AC/DC power supply [104] from grid inverter;
iii. One 5 pins relay [106]
iv. Four 4 pins relays [108, 110, 112,114]
v. motor [120];
vi. driver gear [122] give movement to chain;
vii. driver gear [124] attached on shaft coupler;
viii. chain [128];
ix. motor cover [130];
x. two changeovers [132, 134];
xi. each changeover has 8 poles [136];
xii. each pole has 2 terminals [138];
xiii. each changeover has shaft [140] that moves up and down;
xiv. each changeover has 8 connectors [142];
xv. indicators [144, 146]. (Figure 5-8)
The device function with the help of either of AC/DC power supply [102] from grid power or AC/DC power supply [104] from grid inverter attached with a battery.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES:
[012] Figure 1. Depicting the on grid solar system when there is power supply from the power grid.
[013] Figure 2. Depicting the on grid solar system when there is no power supply from the power grid.
[014] Figure 3. Depicting the on grid solar system with the device (100) and conversion into off grid system
[015] Figure 4. Depicting the on grid solar system with the device (100) when there is power supply from the power grid.
[016] Figure 5. Depicting the details of the device (100).
[017] Figure 6. Depicting the details of the device (100).
[018] Figure 7. Depicting the details of the device (100).
[019] Figure 8. Depicting the details of the device (100).
[020] Figure 9. Depicting the five point and four point relays.
[021] Figure 10. Depicting the exploded view showing the details of gearing arrangement with shaft coupling
[022] Figure 11. Depicting the circuit diagram for changeover for two sets of solar panel arrangement
[023] Figure 12. Depicting the alternate circuit diagram for changeover for three set of solar panel arrangement
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION:
[024] The following is a simplified description of the invention, intended to provide a basic understanding of some of its aspects. It is not an extensive overview and does not identify the key or critical elements of the invention, nor does it delineate the full scope of the invention. Its sole purpose is to present the concept of the invention in a simplified form.
[025] Accordingly, those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments described herein are not limited to the exact details and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known functions and constructions are omitted for clarity and conciseness.
[026] Features that are described and illustrated with respect to one embodiment may also be utilized in the same or similar way in one or more other embodiments. Furthermore, these features can be used in combination with or instead of the features described in other embodiments.
[027] The terms and words used in the following description and claims are not limited to their bibliographical meanings. Rather, they are used by the inventor to facilitate a clear and consistent understanding of the invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes only and not for the purpose of limiting the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
[028] Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, it should be understood that the use of singular forms such as "a," "an," and "the" also includes plural referents.
[029] The term "substantially" refers to the fact that the characteristic, parameter, or value described may not be achieved precisely. Deviations or variations, including but not limited to tolerances, measurement error, measurement accuracy limitations, and other factors known to those skilled in the art, may occur to an extent that does not negate the intended effect of the characteristic.
[030] It is important to note that the term "comprises/comprising" in this specification indicates that the specified features, integers, steps, or components are present, but it does not exclude the possibility of the existence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, components, or groups thereof.
[031] As illustrated in figure-1, in a solar system, solar panels (2) absorb the sun energy (1), and produce the power. A converting device (3) converts the direct current (DC) into alternate current (AC). This AC is then supplied to the power grid (4). The power is further supplied from power grid (4) to the owners property (5) and converting device (3), function by utilizing the power come from the power grid (4).
[032] As illustrated in figure-2, when there is no power supply from the power grid (4), then owners’ property (5) and converting device (3) do not get any electricity and not able to function. So, all the solar energy gat wasted.
[033] As illustrated in figure-3, a device (100) is added between the solar grids (2) and converting device (3). Device (100) convert the high solar voltage DC into the low voltage DC that the normal household invertor with battery (6) is able to withstand with this low voltage DC after converting into AC can be utilized by owners’ property.
[034] As illustrated in figure-4, in the situation when power is supplied by the power grid, the device (100) not reduces the voltage of sun energy and system works as described above i.e. converting device (3) converts the direct current (DC) into alternate current (AC). This AC is then supplied to the power grid (4). The power is further supplied from power grid (4) to the owners property (5) and converting device (3), function by utilizing the power come from the power grid (4).
[035] We are presenting a device (100) that can convert high input voltage into a desired voltage suitable for use with standard inverters and batteries in a solar power system. The solar power system will be connected to both the grid and the inverter, allowing the customer to access electricity during times of low sun exposure or when disconnected from the grid. Providing a device that makes the normal inverters efficient to change the 400V generated from solar panel into the desired voltage, so that no need of hybrid solar system.
[036] Typically, standard solar inverters are designed to support the following voltage systems:
[037] 12V systems (support up to 45V)
[038] 24V systems (support up to 90V)
[039] 48V systems (support up to 220V)
[040] As a result, these inverters are not capable of supporting 400V systems.
[041] In an on-grid system, when the grid power fails, our device can automatically adjust the voltage and switch the system to off-grid mode. This device can generate any required voltage, such as 22V, 45V, 66V, 85V, and so on.
[042] A device for changeover from on-grid to off-grid solar system [100] comprising in it;
i. AC/DC power supply [102] from grid power.
ii. AC/DC power supply [104] from grid inverter;
iii. One 5 pins relay [106]
iv. Four 4 pins relays [18, 110, 112,114]
v. motor [120];
vi. driver gear [122] give movement to chain;
vii. driver gear [124] attached on shaft coupler;
viii. chain [128];
ix. motor cover [130];
x. two changeovers [132, 134];
xi. each changeover has 8 poles [136];
xii. each pole has 2 terminals [138];
xiii. each changeover has shaft [140] that moves up and down;
xiv. each changeover has 8 connectors [142];
xv. indicators [144, 146]. (Figure 5-8)
[043] The device function with the help of either of AC/DC power supply [102] from grid power or AC/DC power supply [104] from grid inverter attached with a battery.
[044] As depicted in figure 9, A 12V DC electric relay [102] wherein; a 12V DC electric relay [102] that has five terminals, including two negative terminals comprising one NO and one NC terminals wherein; the 12V DC electric relay [102] operates on a 12V DC power supply, wherein; 12V DC electric relay [102] switches the DC output connection
[045] As depicted in figure 9, In the device [100] relay with four terminals [108] [110] [112] and [114] including two negative terminals, one NO (normally open) terminal, and one NC (normally closed) terminal.
[046] Wherein; four relays in which two are used to get forward bias circuit and remaining two are used to get reverse biased circuit, when grid power need to run the motor in forward bias gives the supply to both forward bias relays due to availability of grid power the NO point of relay is convened to NC point when grid power fails NO point is converted to NC point ultimately motor will run in reverse bias, for the forward bias relay NO point is converted to NC.
[047] Limit switch [116, 118] wherein; a limit switch consisting of two normally closed (NC) and two normally open (NO) terminals wherein; the limit switch terminals changes position when its arm is working and used in the device to turn off the 12V DC motor [120]
[048] A shaft coupler (126) that connects the main shaft (140) of two changeovers (132, 134) and allows two changeovers to work together simultaneously.
[049] When the motor (120) moves away, the shaft coupler (126) moves with the chain wheel of the main shaft of the changeover.
[050] A shaft coupler [126] allows two changeovers to work together simultaneously wherein; when the motor moves away, the shaft coupler moves with the chain wheel of the main shaft of the changeover.
[051] The shaft coupler [126] consisting of bush and gear arrangement and able to couple the shaft with the driver gear. The shaft couple joint locks the both changeover main shaft [140] is such a way that we will get rotation of both the shaft in same manner.
[052] Reduction gear motor [120] consisting of gear train connected with chain drive, the bigger gear ratio is always driver gear having 32 teeth gears and driven gear having 28 teeth. The gear ratio is 8.7 for the system. We are specifically not claiming the same it can be scaled up or scaled down according to the applications.
[053] The device wherein the device comprises a 4 pole 415 Volt 32A changeover. Two changeovers are used in one device, and one changeover has an upper side of 4 poles and a lower side of 4 poles, so there are a total of 16 poles, and each pole has 2 terminals so that 32 wires can be connected in this device (2 changeovers).
[054] Each changeover consists of 8 poles, four poles arranged on upper side of shaft and another four poles connected lower side of shaft, the shaft is arranged in between and able to rotate to get the changeover for on grid system to off grid system.
Working Of Device
[055] An AC/DC power supply that converts input AC power (Indian standard 220 Volt) into 12V DC power (12 Volt 10A). This provides power to the device for on-grid solar systems, and it powers a 12V DC electric relay.
[056] Another alternate embodiments depicting an electric relay with 4 terminals, two for input supply from the limit switch and battery (positive and negative), and the other one terminal connected to positive, which gives positive to the second terminal. When this electric relay switches on, and when it switches off, it disconnects the supply. In the device, electric relays are used, the first and second for forward, and the third and fourth for backward.
[057] A 12V DC motor used for switching the changeover from on-grid to off-grid.
[058] A 4 pole changeover used in the device.
[059] In one embodiment, the device comprises a 4 pole 415 Volt 32A changeover. Two changeovers are used in one device, and one changeover has an upper side of 4 poles and a lower side of 4 poles, so there are a total of 16 poles, and each pole has 2 terminals so that 32 wires can be connected in this device (2 changeovers).
[060] In the device [100] when the relay is connected to a 12V DC power supply, it switches the DC output connection. Wherein total number of relays is four, with two used for the forward bias circuit and two used for the reverse bias circuit. When grid power is available and the motor needs to run in the forward bias, the supply is given to both forward bias relays. In this case, the NO point of the relay is converted to the NC point.
[061] However, when grid power fails, the NO point is converted to the NC point, and the motor runs in the reverse bias. For the forward bias relay, the NO point is also converted to the NC point.
[062] It's important to note that the NO point of the relay refers to the normally open contact that is closed when the relay is activated, while the NC point refers to the normally closed contact that is open when the relay is activated.
[063] Although specific example embodiments have been described, it will be evident that various modifications and changes may be made to these embodiments without departing from the broader spirit and scope of the system and method described herein. Accordingly, the specification and drawings are to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense.
[064] EXAMPLE 1: A DEVICE AND METHOD FOR USING SOLAR PANELS TO POWER A 10HP SOLAR PUMP AND A 10KVA OFF-GRID SOLAR SYSTEM
[065] The present invention provides a device and method for using solar panels to power a 10HP solar pump and a 10KVA off-grid solar system. The device consists of a system of solar panels divided into groups based on their voltage and current output, and a motor that can run in forward and reverse biases. The device operates by connecting the solar panel groups in series and parallel configurations to produce the required voltage and current outputs for the pump and the off-grid system.
[066] Solar power is a renewable energy source that can be used to power various applications, including pumps and off-grid systems. However, to optimize the use of solar power, it is essential to have a device and method that can efficiently convert solar energy into electrical energy to meet the specific requirements of the application.
[067] One of the embodiments describes a device and method for using solar panels to power a 10HP solar pump and a 10KVA off-grid solar system. The device comprises a system of solar panels divided into four groups, with each group having a specific voltage and current output. The device also includes a motor that can run in forward and reverse biases.
[068] The device operates by connecting the solar panel groups in series and parallel configurations based on the motor's direction of rotation. When the motor runs in a forward bias, the first and second groups are connected in series to produce 600V, and the third and fourth groups are also connected in series to produce another 600V. The two sets of 600V are then connected in parallel to produce 600V with a current output of 17+ Ampere, which is sufficient to power the 10HP solar pump.
[069] When the motor runs in a reverse bias, the first group produces 400V independently, and the second and third groups are connected in series to produce 400V. The fourth group produces 400V independently. The three sets of 400V are then connected in parallel to produce 400V with a current output of 26+ Ampere, which is sufficient to power the 10KVA off-grid system.
[070] As illustrated in figure 12, the device and method can also be used to power a 5KVA off-grid system from an 8KW on-grid system. The solar panels are divided into six groups, and the device operates by connecting the groups in series and parallel configurations to produce the required voltage and current outputs for the on-grid and off-grid systems.
[071] Overall, the device and method provide an efficient and cost-effective way to use solar power to meet specific electrical requirements.
[072] A device and method for using solar panels to power a 10HP solar pump and a 10KVA off-grid solar system, comprising a system of solar panels divided into groups based on their voltage and current output, and a motor that can run in forward and reverse biases. The device operates by connecting the solar panel groups in series and parallel configurations to produce the required voltage and current outputs for the pump and the off-grid system.
[073] However, it's important to ensure that the solar panels are connected correctly and that the voltage and current levels are within the specifications of the on grid and off grid systems. It's recommended to consult with a qualified electrician or solar installer to ensure that the system is designed and installed correctly and safely.
[074] Additionally, it's important to consider the capacity of the batteries or energy storage system used in the off grid system. If the batteries or energy storage system are not able to handle the power requirements of the system, it may not function properly or could be damaged. It's recommended to select batteries or energy storage systems that are compatible with the system's power requirements and to properly size the system to meet the expected energy demand.
[075] USE OF SMALL SOLAR SYSTEM FOR BIG SYSTEM
[076] In order to use a small solar system for a big system, we need to ensure that the output of the small system is compatible with the input requirements of the big system. In your case, we have an 8KW on grid system and a 5KVA off grid system, and we want to use solar panels to power both systems.
[077] Dividing the 24 solar panels into 6 groups as you described is a good approach. Each group will output 160V and 8.8 Ampere, which can be connected in parallel to achieve the desired voltage and current for both systems.
[078] THE DEVICE OPERATION CAN BE DESCRIBED IN THE FOLLOWING MANNER:
[079] When the motor runs in forward bias, the device connects the first, second, and third groups of solar panels in series. This results in an output of 480V and 8.8 Ampere. At the same time, the fourth, fifth, and sixth groups of solar panels are also connected in series, producing another 480V and 8.8 Ampere. This allows the device to prepare two sets of 480V and 8.8 Ampere, which can be used to power an 8KW on-grid system.
[080] When the motor runs in reverse bias and the third and sixth group of solar panels is left disconnected, the first and second groups of solar panels are connected independently similarly fourth and fifth groups of solar panel are connected independently, resulting in an output of 160V and 8.8 Ampere for each group.
[081] Therefore, at the same time fourth and fifth group also gives 160 V and 8.8 Ampere independently. So, if we connect these four set in parallel, we can achieve 160V and 35 A. connecting four groups, say 1, 2, 3, and 4, then you will have four sets of 160V and 8.8A, which can be connected in parallel to achieve an output of 160V and 35A.
[082] TO OPERATE OUR 10HP SOLAR PUMP AND 10KVA OFF-GRID SOLAR SYSTEM, FOLLOW THESE STEPS:
[083] Install the 30 solar panels in four groups as follows:
[084] First group: Panels 1-10 with a voltage of 400V
[085] Second group: Panels 11-15 with a voltage of 200V
[086] Third group: Panels 16-20 with a voltage of 200V
[087] Fourth group: Panels 21-30 with a voltage of 400V
[088] When motor run on forward bias First and Second group connected in series and produce 600 V 8.8.A. Third and Fourth group also connected in series and produce 600 V of 8 A.
When motor run on reverse bias First group is independent, Second and Third group connected in series, Fourth group also independent. So there are three groups ready for off grid system (400 V, 8.8 A)
[089] Connect the solar pump to the device by connecting the positive and negative terminals of the pump to the output of the device.
[090] Connect the 10KVA off-grid solar system to the device by connecting the positive and negative terminals of the system to the output of the device.
[091] Turn on the device and monitor the performance of the solar pump and the off-grid solar system.
[092] Make sure to follow all safety precautions and manufacturer instructions when working with solar panels, solar pumps, and off-grid solar systems. It is recommended to consult a professional if you are unsure about any aspect of the installation process.
,CLAIMS:1. A device for changeover from on-grid to off-grid solar system comprising in it;
i. AC/DC power supply [102] from grid power.
ii. AC/DC power supply [104] from grid inverter;
iii. One 5 pins relay [106]
iv. Four 4 pins relays [18, 110, 112,114]
v. motor [120];
vi. driver gear [122] give movement to chain;
vii. driver gear [124] attached on shaft coupler;
viii. chain [128];
ix. motor cover [130];
x. two changeovers [132, 134];
xi. each changeover has 8 poles [136];
xii. each pole has 2 terminals [138];
xiii. each changeover has shaft [140] that moves up and down;
xiv. each changeover has 8 connectors [142];
xv. indicators [144, 146]. (Figure 5-8)
2. The device for changeover from on-grid to off-grid solar system as claimed in claim 1, wherein
a. The device function with the help of either of AC/DC power supply [102] from grid power or AC/DC power supply [104] from grid inverter attached with a battery;
b. AC/DC power supply [102] that has five terminals, including two negative terminals comprising one NO and one NC terminals wherein; the 12V DC electric relay [102] operates on a 12V DC power supply, wherein; 12V DC electric relay [102] switches the DC output connection;
c. relay with four terminals [108] [110] [112] and [114] including two negative terminals, one NO (normally open) terminal, and one NC (normally closed) terminal;
d. limit switch [116, 118] wherein; a limit switch consisting of two normally closed (NC) and two normally open (NO) terminals wherein; the limit switch terminals changes position when its arm is working and used in the device to turn off the 12V DC motor [120];
e. shaft coupler (126) that connects the main shaft (140) of two changeovers (132, 134) and allows two changeovers to work together simultaneously;
f. When the motor (120) moves away, the shaft coupler (126) moves with the chain wheel of the main shaft of the changeover;
g. shaft coupler [126] consisting of bush and gear arrangement and able to couple the shaft with the driver gear. The shaft couple joint locks the both changeover main shaft [140] is such a way that we will get rotation of both the shaft in same manner.
3. The device for changeover from on-grid to off-grid solar system as claimed in claim 1, wherein shaft coupler [126] allows two changeovers to work together simultaneously wherein; when the motor moves away, the shaft coupler moves with the chain wheel of the main shaft of the changeover.
4. The device for changeover from on-grid to off-grid solar system as claimed in claim 1, wherein four relays in which two are used to get forward bias circuit and remaining two are used to get reverse biased circuit, when grid power need to run the motor in forward bias gives the supply to both forward bias relays due to availability of grid power the NO point of relay is convened to NC point when grid power fails NO point is converted to NC point ultimately motor will run in reverse bias, for the forward bias relay NO point is converted to NC.

5. The device for changeover from on-grid to off-grid solar system as claimed in claim 1, wherein motor [120] consisting of gear train connected with chain drive, the bigger gear ratio is always driver gear having 32 teeth gears and driven gear having 28 teeth.
6. The device for changeover from on-grid to off-grid solar system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the device comprises a 4 pole 415 Volt 32A changeover; one changeover has an upper side of 4 poles and a lower side of 4 poles, so there are a total of 16 poles, and each pole has 2 terminals so that 32 wires can be connected in this device.
7. The device for changeover from on-grid to off-grid solar system as claimed in claim 1, wherein each changeover consists of 8 poles, four poles arranged on upper side of shaft and another four poles connected lower side of shaft, the shaft is arranged in between and able to rotate to get the changeover for on grid system to off grid system.
8. The device for changeover from on-grid to off-grid solar system as claimed in claim 1, wherein relay comprising 4 terminals wherein; two terminals are given for input supply from the limit switch and battery positive and negative voltage side, and the other one terminal connected to positive voltage side, which gives positive voltage to the second terminal; wherein; the electric relay switches on or switches off, it disconnects the supply; wherein the electric relays are used in the device as any two as forward bias and remaining two are reverse bias
9. The device for changeover from on-grid to off-grid solar system as claimed in claim 1, works using solar panels to power a 10HP solar pump and a 10KVA off-grid solar system, comprising a system of solar panels divided into groups based on their voltage and current output, and a motor that can run in forward and reverse biases.
10. The device for changeover from on-grid to off-grid solar system as claimed in claim 1, works by connecting the solar panel groups in series and parallel configurations to produce the required voltage and current outputs for the pump and the off-grid system.