DESC:FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present disclosure relates generally to the field of agricultural formulation. Particularly, the present disclosure relates to a herbal formulation for increasing crop yield. The present disclosure also relates to a method of preparation of a herbal formulation.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Background description includes information that may be useful in understanding the present invention. It is not an admission that any of the information provided herein is prior art or relevant to the presently claimed invention, or that any publication specifically or implicitly referenced is prior art.
[0003] Global food production is a finite resource and relies on fertile soil in need of protection and efficient use by farmers. The ever-increasing population of world necessitates production of a greater quantity of grains, fruits and vegetables to meet growing demand in future.
[0004] There are several disadvantages by the use of chemical fertilizer. Smith et al., [Environ. Sci. Poll. Res., 2003, 10, 126-139] discloses that excess nutrients from fertilizers, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus, runoff into water bodies, causing harmful algal blooms that deplete oxygen and harm aquatic life. Wakida et al., [Water Res., 2005, 39, 3-16] discloses that nitrate leaching into groundwater from fertilizer use can contaminate drinking water sources. Guo et al. [Science, 2010, 327, 1008-1010] discloses that overuse of chemical fertilizers can lead to a depletion of essential soil nutrients, creating an imbalance that reduces soil fertility over time. Fageria et al. [Advances in Agronomy, 2008, 99, 345-399] discloses that many chemical fertilizers increase soil acidity, which can harm soil health and reduce the availability of essential nutrients. Snyder et al., [Curr Opinion Environ. Sustain., 2009, 1, 120-125.] discloses that production and application of chemical fertilizers release greenhouse gases such as nitrous oxide, contributing to climate change. Weyer et al., [Epidemiology, 12(3), 327-338] discloses that long-term exposure to nitrates and nitrites in drinking water has been linked to an increased risk of cancer. Aktar et al., [Interdisciplinary Toxicology, 2009, 2(1), 1-1] discloses that use of chemical fertilizers often goes hand-in-hand with pesticides, leaving harmful residues on food that can cause various health issues. Thus, the green revolution brought about a significant change aimed at boosting agricultural yields through widespread use of chemical fertilizers, insecticides and fungicides. Overuse of these chemicals is degrading soil quality leading to environmental degradation.
[0005] Curcuma amada (Amba/Amaa Haldi) contains various phytoconstituents comprises: (i) curcuminoids include curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bis-demethoxycurcumin. Curcuminoids are responsible for its therapeutic activities, (ii) phenolic compounds include caffeic acid, gentisic acid, ferulic acid, gallic acid, and cinnamic acid and (iii) terpenoids found in C. amada are difurocumenol, amadannulen, and amadaldehyde.
[0006] Swertia chirayita (Chirayata) contains several bioactive compounds, including alkaloids, flavonoids, xanthones, and iridoids. Some of the major compounds identified in Swertia chirata include amarogentin, swertiamarin, gentiopicroside, and mangiferin. These compounds contribute to its various medicinal properties and it contains minor amounts of vitamins and minerals.
[0007] Gentiana spp. (Kasani) is a genus of flowering plants that includes several species known for their intensely bitter taste and medicinal properties. While the nutrient content can vary slightly among different species within the Gentiana genus. Gentian is renowned for its extremely bitter taste, which is attributed to the presence of bitter compounds such as gentiopicroside, amarogentin, and swertiamarin. The bitter taste of Gentian is traditionally associated with its use as a digestive stimulant and tonic. Active Compounds: Gentian contains various bioactive compounds, including iridoids, flavonoids, xanthones, and terpenoids. Some of the major compounds identified in Gentian species include gentiopicroside, swertiamarin, amarogentin, and secoiridoids. These compounds contribute to its medicinal properties.
[0008] Rumex crispus (Yellow dock, Pitpapra, Pitpapda) is a herbaceous plant that is valued for its medicinal properties. While it is not typically consumed for its nutrient value, it does contain certain nutrients. Yellow dock leaves may contain vitamins such as vitamin C, vitamin A (in the form of beta-carotene), and small amounts of B vitamins. Yellow dock is known to contain various minerals. It is a good source of iron, which is important for red blood cell production and oxygen transport in the body. It also contains calcium, magnesium, potassium, and trace minerals like manganese and zinc.
[0009] Leptadenia pyrotechnica (Kheep) is a desert plant belonging to the family Asclepiadaceae. It possesses various medicinal properties, including antifungal, antibacterial, antioxidant, wound healing, anthelmintic, antiatherosclerotic, hypolipidemic, antidiabetic, and hepatoprotective activities. It is also a source of protein, soluble sugars, lipids, starch, and phenolics.
[00010] Sapindus mukorossi (Reetha) is rich in saponins, sugars, and mucilage. The seed kernels of Sapindus mukorossi are a valuable source of proteins with a balanced amino acid composition. Additionally, it contains sugars, fibres, polyphenols, and saponins.
[00011] Emblica officinalis syn. Phyllanthus emblica, (Amla) is abundant in vitamin C, vitamin A, folic acid, and minerals such as calcium, potassium, phosphorus, iron, carotene, and magnesium.
[00012] Citrullus colocynthis (Indrayan) is high in amino acids such as methionine, arginine, tryptophan, and unsaturated fatty acids. It also contains important micronutrients and minerals.
[00013] Terminalia bellirica (Baheda, Bibhitaki) contains high amounts of nutrients and polyphenols required for biological metabolism. Its leaves and seed coats feature lignin, hemicellulose, cutin, pectin, and flavonoids, while the seed kernels contain unsaturated oils, proteins, and fibre.
[00014] Terminalia chebula (Haritaki, Harad) fruits contain nutrients such as glycoside, chebulinic acid, tannic acid (20%–40%), vitamin C, and fatty acids like arachidic, behenic, linoleic, palmitic, and stearic acids.
[00015] Acacia concinna (Shikakai) ripe fruit powder is used as a surfactant in formulations, promoting environmentally friendly practices with lower toxicity.
[00016] Calotropis gigantea (Aak) contains cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, extractives, and ash.
[00017] Azadirachta indica (Neem) is widely recognized for its medicinal, antimicrobial and nutrient value.
[00018] Cassia aungustifolia (Senna, Swarnpatti) is widely recognized as a natural remedy for numerous ailments, particularly intestinal constipation. Due to its effective laxative qualities, it is consumed in the form of herbal tea, tablets, or encapsulated powder in various countries. Additionally, the plant exhibits antimicrobial, antiviral, antiparasitic properties and provides benefits such as purgative and anti-diabetic effects.
[00019] Pongamia pinnata oil also known as Karanj oil, is derived from the seeds of the Pongamia pinnata tree. It has several properties, and nutrient values that make it beneficial in various applications. The oil primarily contains fatty acids, including oleic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid. It also contains flavonoids, protein, vitamin E, minerals such as calcium, magnesium, and potassium.
[00020] Nicotiana tabacum (Tobacco) leaves contain 2-8% of nicotine alkaloid combined as malate or citrate. The distribution of nicotine is variable in the plant, 64% exist in leaves, 18% in stem, 13% in root, and 5% in the flowers.
[00021] There is a need of developing a sustainable and eco-friendly solution to increase agricultural yields without having a negative impact on environment.
OBJECTS
[00022] Primary object of the present disclosure is to provide a formulation that overcomes one or more limitations associated with the conventional formulations.
[00023] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a herbal formulation for increasing crop yield and aids in nutrient management.
[00024] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a method of preparation of a herbal formulation for increasing crop yield.
[00025] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a cost effective biodegradable herbal formulation by using a low cost and easily available raw material.
[00026] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a herbal formulation that is easy to use with irrigation for soil quality enhancement with nutrients and organic biomass.
[00027] Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide a plant based eco-friendly crop growth enhancer that does not have any hazardous effects on soil, water and human health.
SUMMARY
[00028] The present disclosure relates generally to the field of agricultural composition. Particularly, the present disclosure relates to a herbal formulation for increasing crop yield. The present disclosure also relates to a method of preparation of a herbal formulation. The present composition can also find its application as a blend in other similar compositions/formulations.
[00029] An aspect of the present disclosure provides a herbal formulation comprising: Curcuma amada (rhizome), Swertia chirayita (stem), Gentian (stem), Rumex crispus (leaf), Leptadenia pyrotechnica (ariel portion), Sapindus mukorossi (fruit), Emblica officinalis (fruit), Citrullus colocynthis (fruit), Terminalia bellirica (fruit), Terminalia chebula (fruit), Acacia concinna (fruit), seed oil of Pongamia pinnata, Azadirachta indica (green leaf), Calotropis gigantea (stem and green leaf), Nicotiana tabacum (stem), Cassia aungustifolia (leaf), jaggery or molasses and water.
[00030] Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a herbal formulation comprises: 0.01-0.10 %w/w of Curcuma amada (rhizome), 0.50-1.00 %w/w of Swertia chirayita (stem), 0.01-0.10 %w/w of Gentian (stem), 0.01-0.10 %w/w of Rumex crispus (leaf), 5.00-15.00 %w/w of Leptadenia pyrotechnica (ariel portion), 0.50-1.00 %w/w of Sapindus mukorossi (fruit), 0.50-1.00 %w/w of Emblica officinalis (fruit), 5.00-15.00 %w/w of Citrullus colocynthis (fruit), 0.75-1.50 %w/w of Terminalia bellirica (fruit), 0.75-1.50 %w/w of Terminalia chebula (fruit), 0.75-1.50 %w/w of Acacia concinna (fruit), 10.00-15.00 %w/w of seed oil of Pongamia pinnata, 0.01-1.00 %w/w of Azadirachta indica (green leaf), 0.01-1.50 %w/w of Calotropis gigantea (stem and green leaf), 40.00-60.00 %w/w of Nicotiana tabacum (stem), 0.10-0.50 %w/w of Cassia angustifolia (leaf), 0.75-3.0 %w/w of jaggery or molasses and 0.50-10.00 %w/w of water.
[00031] Yet another aspect of the present disclosure provides a method of preparation of a herbal formulation comprises: a) preparing an aqueous extract of Curcuma amada (rhizome), Swertia chirayita (stem), Gentian (stem), Rumex crispus (leaf), Leptadenia pyrotechnica (ariel portion), Sapindus mukorossi (fruit), Emblica officinalis (fruit), Citrullus colocynthis (fruit), Terminalia bellirica (fruit), Terminalia chebula (fruit) and Acacia concinna (fruit); b) preparing a processed aqueous extract from the aqueous extract; c) preparing an oil extract of Leptadenia pyrotechnica (ariel portion), Azadirachta indica (green leaf) and Calotropis gigantea (stem and green leaf) in a seed oil of Pongamia pinnata; d) preparing a herbal powder mixture comprising Swertia chirayita (stem), Leptadenia pyrotechnica (ariel portion), Sapindus mukorossi (fruit), Emblica officinalis (fruit), Citrullus colocynthis (fruit), Terminalia bellirica (fruit), Terminalia chebula (fruit), Acacia concinna (fruit), Nicotiana tabacum (stem) and Cassia angustifolia (leaf); e) preparing a semi-solid paste by mixing the processed aqueous extract, the oil extract, the herbal powder mixture and jaggery or molasses; and f) fermenting the semi-solid paste in an air-tight package for 1 to 10 days.
[00032] Other aspects, advantages, and salient features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, which, taken in conjunction with the exemplary embodiments of the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[00033] The embodiments herein and the various features and advantageous details thereof are explained more comprehensively with reference to the non-limiting embodiments that are detailed in the following description. Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the embodiments herein. The examples used herein are intended merely to facilitate an understanding of the ways in which the embodiments herein may be practiced and to further enable those of skill in the art to practice the embodiments herein. Accordingly, the examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the embodiments herein.
[00034] Unless otherwise specified, all terms used in disclosing the invention, including technical and scientific terms, have the meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this invention belongs. By means of further guidance, term definitions may be included to better appreciate the teaching of the present invention.
[00035] As used in the description herein, the meaning of “a,” “an,” and “the” includes plural reference unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Also, as used in the description herein, the meaning of “in” includes “in” and “on” unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
[00036] As used herein, the terms “comprise”, “comprises”, “comprising”, “include”, “includes”, and “including” are meant to be non-limiting, i.e., other steps and other ingredients which do not affect the end of result can be added. The above terms encompass the terms “consisting of” and “consisting essentially of”.
[00037] As used herein, the terms “blend”, and “mixture” are all intended to be used interchangeably.
[00038] The terms “weight percent”, “vol-%”, “percent by weight”, “% by weight”, and variations thereof, as used herein, refer to the concentration of a substance as the weight of that substance divided by the total weight of the composition and multiplied by 100. It is understood that, as used here, “percent”, “%”, and the like are intended to be synonymous with “weight percent”, “vol-%”, etc.
[00039] In some embodiments, the numbers expressing quantities of ingredients, properties such as concentration, reaction conditions, and so forth, used to describe and claim certain embodiments of the invention are to be understood as being modified in some instances by the term “about”. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the numerical parameters set forth in the written description are approximations that can vary depending upon the desired properties sought to be obtained by a particular embodiment. In some embodiments, the numerical parameters should be construed in light of the number of reported significant digits and by applying ordinary rounding techniques. Notwithstanding that the numerical ranges and parameters setting forth the broad scope of some embodiments of the invention are approximations, the numerical values set forth in the specific examples are reported as precisely as practicable.
[00040] The recitation of ranges of values herein is merely intended to serve as a shorthand method of referring individually to each separate value falling within the range. Unless otherwise indicated herein, each individual value is incorporated into the specification as if it were individually recited herein.
[00041] The headings and abstract of the invention provided herein are for convenience only and do not interpret the scope or meaning of the embodiments.
[00042] The following discussion provides many example embodiments of the inventive subject matter. Although each embodiment represents a single combination of inventive elements, the inventive subject matter is considered to include all possible combinations of the disclosed elements. Thus if one embodiment comprises elements A, B, and C, and a second embodiment comprises elements B and D, then the inventive subject matter is also considered to include other remaining combinations of A, B, C, or D, even if not explicitly disclosed.
[00043] The present disclosure relates generally to the field of agricultural formulation. Particularly, the present disclosure relates to a herabl formulation for increasing crop yield. The present disclosure also relates to a method of preparation of a herbal formulation.
[00044] An aspect of the present disclosure provides a herbal formulation comprising: Curcuma amada (rhizome), Swertia chirayita (stem), Gentian (stem), Rumex crispus (leaf), Leptadenia pyrotechnica (ariel portion), Sapindus mukorossi (fruit), Emblica officinalis (fruit), Citrullus colocynthis (fruit), Terminalia bellirica (fruit), Terminalia chebula (fruit), Acacia concinna (fruit), seed oil of Pongamia pinnata, Azadirachta indica (green leaf), Calotropis gigantea (stem and green leaf), Nicotiana tabacum (stem), Cassia aungustifolia (leaf), jaggery or molasses and water.
[00045] In an embodiment, the formulation further comprises one or more plant extract compatible agriculturally acceptable additives.
[00046] In an embodiment, the agriculturally acceptable additive is selected from a group consisting of fertilizer, soil conditioners, pesticides, plant growth regulators, biostimulants, adjuvants, preservatives and combination thereof.
[00047] In an embodiment, the fertilizer is selected from a group consisting of a nitrogen-based fertilizer, a phosphorus-based fertilizer, a potassium-based fertilizer and combination thereof. In some embodiment, the nitrogen-based fertilizer is selected from but not limited to urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and combination thereof. In some embodiment, the phosphorus-based fertilizer is selected from but not limited to a group consisting of superphosphate, monoammonium phosphate (MAP), diammonium phosphate (DAP) and combination thereof. In some embodiment, the potassium-based fertilizer is selected from but not limited to a group consisting of potassium chloride (muriate of potash), potassium sulfate and combination thereof.
[00048] In an embodiment, the soil conditioner is selected from a group consisting of an organic matter and a lime and gypsum. In some embodiment, the organic matter is selected from but not limited to a group consisting of compost, manure, peat moss and combination thereof. In some embodiment, the lime and gypsum is selected from but not limited to a group consisting of lime (calcium carbonate) for pH adjustment and gypsum (calcium sulfate) for soil structure improvement.
[00049] In an embodiment, the pesticide is selected from a group consisting of an insecticide, herbicide, fungicide and combination thereof. In some embodiment, the insecticide is selected from but not limited to a group consisting of pyrethroids, neonicotinoids and combination thereof. In some embodiment, the herbicide is selected from but not limited to a group consisting of glyphosate, atrazine, and combination thereof. In some embodiment, the fungicide is selected from but not limited to a group consisting of copper sulfate, chlorothalonil, sulfur and combination thereof.
[00050] In an embodiment, the plant growth regulator is selected from a group consisting of a hormone, a synthetic regulators and combination thereof. In some embodiment, the hormone is selected from but not limited to a group consisting of auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins and combination thereof. In some embodiment, the synthetic regulator is selected from but not limited to a group consisting of ethephon, paclobutrazol and combination thereof.
[00051] In an embodiment, the biostimulant is selected from a group consisting of a microbial inoculant, a plant extracts and seaweed and combination thereof. In some embodiment, the microbial inoculant is selected from but not limited to a group consisting of rhizobium for legumes, mycorrhizal fungi for root health. In some embodiment, the plant extracts and seaweed is selected from but not limited to a group consisting of ascophyllum nodosum extracts, humic and fulvic acid and combination thereof.
[00052] In an embodiment, the adjuvant is selected from a group consisting of a surfactant, a stickers and spreaders and combination thereof. The surfactant improves the spread and absorption of pesticides. The stickers and spreaders ensure pesticides adhere to plant surfaces.
[00053] In an embodiment, the preservative is selected from a post-harvest treatment. Post-harvest treatment includes wax coatings, ethylene blockers and antifungal agents.
[00054] In an embodiment, the formulation is mixed with five times quantity of fine, dry soil for application in the agricultural field.
[00055] In an embodiment, the seed oil of Pongamia pinnata is a cold press oil.
[00056] Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a herbal formulation comprises: 0.01-0.10 %w/w of Curcuma amada (rhizome), 0.50-1.00 %w/w of Swertia chirayita (stem), 0.01-0.10 %w/w of Gentian (stem), 0.01-0.10 %w/w of Rumex crispus (leaf), 5.00-15.00 %w/w of Leptadenia pyrotechnica (ariel portion), 0.50-1.00 %w/w of Sapindus mukorossi (fruit), 0.50-1.00 %w/w of Emblica officinalis (fruit), 5.00-15.00 %w/w of Citrullus colocynthis (fruit), 0.75-1.50 %w/w of Terminalia bellirica (fruit), 0.75-1.50 %w/w of Terminalia chebula (fruit), 0.75-1.50 %w/w of Acacia concinna (fruit), 10.00-15.00 %w/w of seed oil of Pongamia pinnata, 0.01-1.00 %w/w of Azadirachta indica (green leaf), 0.01-1.50 %w/w of Calotropis gigantea (stem and green leaf), 40.00-60.00 %w/w of Nicotiana tabacum (stem), 0.10-0.50 %w/w of Cassia angustifolia (leaf), 0.75-3.0 %w/w of jaggery or molasses and 0.50-10.00 %w/w of water.
[00057] Still another aspect of the present disclosure provides a method of preparation of a herbal formulation comprises: a) preparing an aqueous extract of Curcuma amada (rhizome), Swertia chirayita (stem), Gentian (stem), Rumex crispus (leaf), Leptadenia pyrotechnica (ariel portion), Sapindus mukorossi (fruit), Emblica officinalis (fruit), Citrullus colocynthis (fruit), Terminalia bellirica (fruit), Terminalia chebula (fruit) and Acacia concinna (fruit); b) preparing a processed aqueous extract from the aqueous extract; c) preparing an oil extract of Leptadenia pyrotechnica (ariel portion), Azadirachta indica (green leaf) and Calotropis gigantea (stem and green leaf) in a seed oil of Pongamia pinnata; d) preparing a herbal powder mixture comprising Swertia chirayita (stem), Leptadenia pyrotechnica (ariel portion), Sapindus mukorossi (fruit), Emblica officinalis (fruit), Citrullus colocynthis (fruit), Terminalia bellirica (fruit), Terminalia chebula (fruit), Acacia concinna (fruit), Nicotiana tabacum (stem) and Cassia angustifolia (leaf); e) preparing a semi-solid paste by mixing the processed aqueous extract, the oil extract, the herbal powder mixture and jaggery or molasses; and f) fermenting the semi-solid paste in an air-tight package for 1 to 10 days.
[00058] In an embodiment, the aqueous extract of step a) is prepared by heating coarsely powdered in water at a temperature in the range of 50 to 80 °C followed by cooling at a temperature in the range of 20 to 35 °C.
[00059] In an embodiment, the processed aqueous extract of step b) is prepared by heating the aqueous extract of step a) with water in the range of 50 to 80 °C followed cooling at a temperature in the range of 20 to 35 °C.
[00060] In an embodiment, the oil extract of step c) is prepared at a temperature in the range of 50 to 100 °C followed by cooling at a temperature in the range of 20 to 35 °C.
[00061] In an embodiment, the step d) comprises preparing a herbal powder mixture comprising Swertia chirayita (stem), Leptadenia pyrotechnica (ariel portion), Sapindus mukorossi (fruit), Emblica officinalis (fruit), Citrullus colocynthis (fruit), Terminalia bellirica (fruit), Terminalia chebula (fruit), Acacia concinna (fruit), Nicotiana tabacum (stem) and Cassia angustifolia leaf;
[00062] In an embodiment, the semi-solid paste of step e) is prepared by mixing herbal powder mixture of step d) with jaggery or molasses and then adding processed aqueous extract followed by adding oil extract and mix properly to form the semi-solid paste.
[00063] In an embodiment, the step of preparing the aqueous extract comprises adding coarsely powdered Curcuma amada (rhizome), Swertia chirayita (stem), Gentian (stem), Rumex crispus (leaf), Leptadenia pyrotechnica (ariel portion), Sapindus mukorossi (fruit), Emblica officinalis (fruit), Citrullus colocynthis (fruit), Terminalia bellirica (fruit), Terminalia chebula (fruit) and Acacia concinna (fruit) in water taken in a container and heating the mixture at a temperature of about 60 °C with intermittent stirring.
[00064] In another embodiment the step of preparing the aqueous extract comprises covering the container while heating.
[00065] In yet another embodiment the step of preparing the aqueous extract comprises heating the mixture to reduce the amount of water in the mixture to about one by fifth part of initial amount of water.
[00066] In yet another embodiment the step of preparing the aqueous extract comprises cooling and filtration of the heated mixture after reduction in volume to about one by fifth part of initial amount of water, to collect the filtrate as the aqueous extract.
[00067] In an embodiment the step of preparing the processed aqueous extract comprises transferring the aqueous extract to a clean container, adding water in a quantity of five times of the aqueous extract, heating the mixture at a temperature of about 50-80 °C with intermittent stirring, continuing heating till reduction in the amount of water in the mixture to about one by fifth part of initial amount of water, cooling of the heated mixture, filtering the mixture to collect filtrate as a first semi-processed aqueous extract.
[00068] In another embodiment the first semi-processed aqueous extract is the processed aqueous extract.
[00069] In another embodiment the step of preparing the processed aqueous extract comprises transferring the first semi-processed aqueous extract to a clean container, adding water in a quantity of five times of the aqueous extract, heating the mixture at a temperature of about 50-80 °C with intermittent stirring, continuing heating till reduction in the amount of water in the mixture to about one by fifth part of initial amount of water, cooling of the heated mixture, filtering the mixture to collect filtrate as a second semi-processed aqueous extract.
[00070] In another embodiment the second semi-processed aqueous extract is the processed aqueous extract.
[00071] In yet another embodiment the step of preparing the processed aqueous extract comprises transferring the second semi-processed aqueous extract to a clean container, adding water in a quantity of five times of the aqueous extract, heating the mixture at a temperature of about 50-80 °C with intermittent stirring, continuing heating till reduction in the amount of water in the mixture to about one by fifth part of initial amount of water, cooling of the heated mixture and filtering the mixture to collect filtrate as the processed aqueous extract.
[00072] In yet another embodiment the step of preparing the processed aqueous extract comprises covering the container while heating.
[00073] In an embodiment the step of preparing the oil extract comprises preparing a paste of Leptadenia pyrotechnica (ariel portion) (fresh), Azadirachta indica (green leaf) (fresh) and Calotropis gigantea (stem and green leaf) (fresh), adding seed oil of Pongamia pinnata in a container, adding the paste in the seed oil, adding the processed aqueous extract to the oil mixture, slowly heating the mixture at a temperature of 60 °C to remove water from the mixture, cooling the mixture and filtering the mixture to collect filtrate as the oil extract.
[00074] In an embodiment the step of preparing the herbal powder mixture comprises coarsely powdering and mixing Swertia chirayita (stem), Leptadenia pyrotechnica (ariel portion), Sapindus mukorossi (fruit), Emblica officinalis (fruit), Citrullus colocynthis (fruit), Terminalia bellirica (fruit), Terminalia chebula (fruit), Acacia concinna (fruit), Nicotiana tabacum (stem) and Cassia angustifolia (leaf).
[00075] In an embodiment the semi-solid paste was prepared by mixing the processed aqueous extract, the oil extract, the herbal powder mixture and jaggery in slow-speed mixing machine.
[00076] In an exemplary embodiment the air-tight package is a thick plastic sheet and/or is a well-sealed container.
[00077] In an embodiment, the fermentation takes place during storage of the semi-solid paste in an air-tight package for 1 to 10 days, particularly 2-8 days, more particularly 2-4 days.
[00078] In an embodiment, the formulation enhances plant growth and increases crop yield.
[00079] In an embodiment the formulation increases crop yield by 2-25 %.
[00080] In an embodiment, the formulation can be applied to all crops and vegetables.
[00081] In an embodiment, the formulation can be applied to all type of soils.
[00082] In an embodiment, the formulation can be used to increase crop yield in all atmospheric conditions.
[00083] In an embodiment, the formulation provides nutrients needed for enhancing soil vitality.
[00084] In an embodiment, the formulation improves soil health.
[00085] In an embodiment, the formulation can be used in agriculture sector including field crops, horticulture, floriculture and green house cultivation.
[00086] In an embodiment, the formulation can be combined with organic or inorganic fertilizers.
[00087] In an embodiment, 2 to 10 kg of the formulation can be applied to one acre agricultural land.
[00088] In an embodiment, the formulation can be applied to the agricultural land after 15-40 days of planting or sowing.
[00089] In an embodiment, the formulation can be applied by broadcasting and or irrigation and/or fertigation method.
[00090] In an embodiment, the formulation can be mixed with five times quantity of fine, dry sand, ground minerals such as clays (e.g. kaolinite, montmorillonite and attapulgite), talc, pyrophyllite, mica, calcite, vermiculite, dolomite, apatite, and diatomaceous earth; synthetic inorganic materials, for instance, synthetic alumina and the like for application in the agricultural field.
[00091] In an embodiment, the formulation is applied after irrigating the field.
[00092] In an embodiment, the formulation can be applied during grain formation stage to increase grain yield .
[00093] In an embodiment, the present disclosure relates to a method for increasing crop yield, said method comprising applying a herbal formulation to the crop by broadcasting method comprising: 0.01-0.10 %w/w of Curcuma amada (rhizome), 0.50-1.00 %w/w of Swertia chirayita (stem), 0.01-0.10 %w/w of Gentian (stem), 0.01-0.10 %w/w of Rumex crispus (leaf), 5.00-15.00 %w/w of Leptadenia pyrotechnica (ariel portion), 0.50-1.00 %w/w of Sapindus mukorossi (fruit), 0.50-1.00 %w/w of Emblica officinalis (fruit), 5.00-15.00 %w/w of Citrullus colocynthis (fruit), 0.75-1.50 %w/w of Terminalia bellirica (fruit), 0.75-1.50 %w/w of Terminalia chebula (fruit), 0.75-1.50 %w/w of Acacia concinna (fruit), 10.00-15.00 %w/w of seed oil of Pongamia pinnata, 0.01-1.00 %w/w of Azadirachta indica (green leaf), 0.01-1.50 %w/w of Calotropis gigantea (stem and green leaf), 40.00-60.00 %w/w of Nicotiana tabacum (stem), 0.10-0.50 %w/w of Cassia angustifolia (leaf), 0.75-3.0 %w/w of jaggery or molasses and 0.50-10.00 %w/w of water.
[00094] In accordance with an embodiment, the ingredients of the composition of the present disclosure are commercially procured from the following trader:

S. No. INGREDIENTS SOURCE/TRADER/ VENDOR
1 Curcuma amada (rhizome) Herbal vendors of Delhi, Indore, Uttarakhand, Faridabad, Haryana
2 Swertia chirayita (stem)
3 Gentian (stem)
4 Rumex crispus (leaf)
5 Pongamia pinnata (seed oil)
6 Sapindus mukorossi (fruit)
7 Emblica officinalis (fruit)
8 Cassia angustifolia leaf Herbal vendors of Delhi, Indore, Uttarakhand, Faridabad, Haryana
9 Citrullus colocynthis (fruit) Purchased herbal vendors, local collectors from Bikaner
10 Leptadenia pyrotechnica (ariel portion)
11 Terminalia bellirica (fruit) herbal vendors of Kashipur Uttarakhand
12 Terminalia chebula (fruit) herbal vendors of Kashipur Uttarakhand
13 Acacia concinna (fruit) herbal vendors of Delhi, Indore, Uttarakhand
14 Azadirachta indica (green leaf) Collected from village Kailram, Kaithal Haryana;
Neem seeds purchased from herbal vendors of Kashipur Uttarakhand
15 Calotropis gigantea (stem and green leaf)
16 Nicotiana tabacum (stem) Tobacco processing companies, Anand, Gujarat
17 Jaggery Market, Kaithal Haryana

[00095] The foregoing description of the specific embodiments will so fully reveal the general nature of the embodiments herein that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily modify and/or adapt for various applications such specific embodiments without departing from the generic concept, and, therefore, such adaptations and modifications should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments. It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. Therefore, while the embodiments herein have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments herein can be practiced with modification within the spirit and scope of the embodiments as described herein.
EXAMPLES
[00096] The present invention is further explained in the form of following examples. However, it is to be understood that the following examples are merely illustrative and are not to be taken as limitations upon the scope of the invention.
Example 1
(a) Composition
[00097] Table 1: A herbal formulation of the present invention.
Ingredient Amount Amount in percentage (%)
Curcuma amada (Rhizome) 0.4 0.04
Swertia chirayita (stem) 6 0.6
Gentian (stem) 0.4 0.04
Rumex crispus (leaf) 0.4 0.04
Leptadenia pyrotechnica (ariel portion) 93 9.3
Sapindus mukorossi (fruit) 6.2 0.62
Emblica officinalis (fruit) 6 0.6
Citrullus colocynthis (fruit) 82.4 8.24
Terminalia bellirica (fruit) 8.8 0.88
Terminalia chebula (fruit) 8.6 0.86
Acacia concinna (fruit) 8.5 0.85
Pongamia pinnata (seed oil) 20 2
Azadirachta indica (green leaf) 5 0.5
Calotropis gigantea (stem and green leaf) 10 1
Nicotiana tabacum (stem) 400 40
Cassia angustifolia leaf 5 0.5
Jaggery 20 2
Water q.s. q.s.
(b) Method of preparation
(i) Preparation of the aqueous extract
[00098] Curcuma amada (rhizome) (0.3 kg), Swertia chirayita (stem) (0.6 kg), Gentian (stem) (0.2 kg), Rumex crispus (leaf) (0.2 kg), Leptadenia pyrotechnica (ariel portion) (1.5 kg), Sapindus mukorossi (fruit) (0.6 kg), Emblica officinalis (fruit) (0.5 kg), Citrullus colocynthis (fruit) (1.2 kg), Terminalia bellirica(fruit) (0.25 kg), Terminalia chebula (fruit) (0.25 kg) and Acacia concinna (fruit) (0.25 kg) were coarsely powdered and added in 100 litre water in an iron vessel. The mixture was heated and the temperature was maintained at about 60 °C. The iron vessel was kept covered while heating and stirred periodically to prevent formation of a hard layer on surface and burning at bottom. The process was continued until about 20 litre of the mixture is remained. Afterwards, the mixture was cooled and filtered to obtain the aqueous extract. The experiment was run two times to obtain two 20 litre batches of the aqueous extract.
(ii) Preparation of the processed aqueous extract
[00099] The aqueous extract obtained in the first step was transferred to a clean iron vessel. Water was added to the aqueous extract to make volume to about 100 litre. The mixture was heated again at about 60 °C. The iron vessel was kept covered while heating and stirred periodically to prevent formation of a hard layer on surface and burning of at bottom. The process was continued until about 20 litre of the mixture is remained. Again, the mixture was cooled, filtered and the filtrate was transferred to a clean iron vessel for heating.
[000100] The process of making the volume to 100 litre and then heating to reduce the volume to 20 litre was repeated two more times and finally 20 litre processed aqueous extract was obtained. The experiment was run on both the batches of the aqueous extract separately to obtain two 20 litre batches of the processed aqueous extract.
(iii) Preparation of the oil extract
[000101] 100 kg seed oil of Pongamia pinnata was added in a clean iron vessel. A paste was made by grinding fresh plant material of Leptadenia pyrotechnica (ariel portion) (10 kg), Azadirachta indica (green leaf) (5 kg) and Calotropis gigantea (stem and green leaf) (10 kg). The paste was added in the above oil in the iron vessel. The processed aqueous extract (20 litre) was also added to the mixture. The oil mixture was heated slowly until no traces of water were observed in the oil mixture. To monitor progress, occasionally a wooden stick was dipped into the oil mixture and the stick was kept over flame. If oil on the stick ignites and burns without displaying water bubbles, the oil extract is ready. The mixture was cooled and filtered to obtain about 95 kg of the oil extract.
iv) Preparation of the second aqueous extract
[000102] Curcuma amada (rhizome) (0.1 kg), Swertia chirayita (stem) (0.4kg), Gentian (stem) (0.2 kg), Rumex crispus (leaf) (0.2 kg), Leptadenia pyrotechnica (ariel portion) (1.5 kg), Sapindus mukorossi (fruit) (0.6 kg), Emblica officinalis (fruit) (0.5 kg), Citrullus colocynthis (fruit) (1.2 kg), Terminalia bellirica(fruit) (0.55 kg), Terminalia chebula (fruit) (0.35 kg) and Acacia concinna (fruit) (0.25 kg) were coarsely powdered and added in 100 litre water in an iron vessel. The mixture was heated and the temperature was maintained at about 60 °C. The iron vessel was kept covered while heating and stirred periodically to prevent formation of a hard layer on surface and burning at bottom. The process was continued until about 20 litre of the mixture is remained. Afterwards, the mixture was cooled and filtered to obtain the second aqueous extract.
(v) Preparation of the herbal powder mixture
[000103] Swertia chirayita (stem) (5 kg), Leptadenia pyrotechnica (ariel portion) (80 kg), Sapindus mukorossi (fruit) (5 kg), Emblica officinalis (fruit) (5 kg), Citrullus colocynthis (fruit) (80 kg), Terminalia bellirica (fruit) (8 kg), Terminalia chebula (fruit) (8 kg), Acacia concinna (fruit) (8 kg), Nicotiana tabacum (stemand leaves) (400 kg) and Cassia angustifolia leaf (5 kg) were coarsely powdered and mixed to provide the herbal powder mixture.
(vi) Preparation of the paste
[000104] The herbal powder mixture (604 kg) along with 20 kg of jaggery was added in a slow-speed mixing machine and the processed aqueous extract (20 litre) and 2nd aqueous extract (20 L) was poured in the machine. The machine was started to mix the aqueous extract with the powder. After the mixing of herbal powder, jaggery and the aqueous extract was completed, the oil extract (95 kg) was added in it. The machine was started again to mix the oil extract properly to obtain the semi-solid paste like mixture.
(vii) Preparation of the final formulation
[000105] The semi-solid paste was removed from the machine and kept in airtight containers or covered tightly with thick plastic sheets and kept for 4 days. The paste was uncovered after 4 days and was ready to use or to be packed for further use.
EXAMPLE 2: Method of Application of formulation
[000106] The application of formulation follows a specific sequence during the crop growth and maturity. The first application is done 20-25 days after sowing. For treatment of one acre of land, 4 kg of the formulation was mixed thoroughly with five times quantity of fine, dry sand and broadcasted after irrigating the field. The second application is done 35 – 40 days after sowing where, 2 kg of the agricultural formulation was mixed thoroughly with five times quantity of fine, dry sand and broadcasted after irrigation. The third schedule of application is during the grain formation stage in case of cereals and flowering and/or fruiting stage in vegetables wherein 4 kg of formulation mixed with five times fine sand is broadcasted after irrigation.
Working Example
[000107] The formulation was tested under field conditions in different crops at different locations using the described method.
[000108] Table 1 indicates mapping of crop variety at different locations to experimental IDs. Tables 2 to 5, which show results of studied parameters.
[000109] Table 1: Mapping of crop variety at different locations to experimental IDs.

Experiment ID Location Variety of crop Treatment /Control
TM-1 Nashik, Maharashtra Tomato-Virang Treatment
TM-1C Nashik, Maharashtra Tomato-Virang Control
TM-2 Madhya Pradesh Tomato-Abhilash Treatment
TM-2C Madhya Pradesh Tomato-Abhilash Control
TM-3 Nashik, Maharashtra Tomato-Syngenta2144 Treatment
TM-3C Nashik, Maharashtra Tomato-Syngenta2144 Control
MZ-1 Muzzafarpur, Bihar Maize-p-3355 Treatment
MZ-1C Muzzafarpur, Bihar Maize-p-3355 Control
WH-1 Muzzafarpur, Bihar Wheat-Shriram303 Treatment
WH-1C Muzzafarpur, Bihar Wheat-Shriram303 Control
BG-1 Palghar, Maharashtra Bitter gourd-Amanshree Treatment
BG-1C Palghar, Maharashtra Bitter gourd-Amanshree Control
CT-1 Wardha, Maharashtra Cotton-3028 Treatment
CT-1C Wardha, Maharashtra Cotton-3028 Control
BR-1 Tamil Nadu Beetroot-Boro Treatment
BR-1C Tamil Nadu Beetroot-Boro Control
CF-1 Madhya Pradesh Cauliflower-Suhasini Treatment
CF-1C Madhya Pradesh Cauliflower-Suhasini Control
EG-1 Ahmednagar, Maharashtra Eggplant-Gaurav Treatment
EG-1C Ahmednagar, Maharashtra Eggplant-Gaurav Control
EG-2 Muzzafarpur, Bihar Eggplant-VNR212 Treatment
EG-2C Muzzafarpur, Bihar Eggplant-VNR212 Control
Treatment: The agricultural land was treated with the agricultural formulation.
Control: The agricultural land was not treated with the agricultural formulation.
[000110] The results in Table 2 indicated 25%, 15%, 28% and 12% increment in root length, fruit setting, no. of fruit per plant and final yield, respectively in case of Tomato-Virang (TM-1) treatment experiment as compared to untreated control TM-1C. The results in Table 2 indicated 33%, 13%, 20% and 4% increment in root length, fruit setting, no. of fruit per plant and final yield, respectively in case of Tomato-Abhilash (TM-2) treatment experiment as compared to untreated control TM-2C. Further, the results in Table 2 indicated 25%, 9%, 14% and 12% increment in root length, fruit setting, no. of fruit per plant and final yield, respectively in case of Tomato-Syngenta2144 (TM-3) treatment experiment as compared to untreated control TM-3C. Table 2, the results indicated 33%, 9% and 28% reduction in flower drop in case of Tomato-Virang (TM-1), Tomato-Abhilash (TM-2) and Tomanto-Syngenta2144 (TM-3), respectively as compared to untreated controls.
[000111] Table 2. Results of TM-1, TM-2 and TM-3 compared with corresponding control.

TM-1C TM-1 TM-2C TM-2 TM-3C TM-3
Root length (cm) 6 7.5 6 8 6 7.5
Flower drop (%) 12 8 12 11 25 18
Fruit setting (%) 65 75 75 85 75 82
No. of fruit per plant 25 32 15 18 28 32
Final Yield (Kg/h) 12500 14000 37050 38532 6250 7000

[000112] The results in Table 3 indicated 22% and 16% increment in root length and final yield, respectively in case of Maize-p-3355 (MZ-1) treatment experiment as compared to untreated control MZ-1C. The results in Table 3 indicated 21% increment in final yield in case of Wheat-Shriram303 (WH-1) treatment experiment as compared to untreated control WH-1C. Further, the results in Table 3 indicated 19%, 20% and 4% increment in root length, no. of fruit per plant and final yield, respectively in case of Bitter gourd-Amanshree (BG-1) treatment experiment as compared to untreated control BG-1C.
[000113] Table 3. Results of MZ-1, WH-1 and BG-1 compared with corresponding control.
MZ-1C MZ-1 WH-1C WH-1 BG-1C BG-1
Root length (cm) 9 11 150 4446 8 9.5
Flower drop (%) - - - - 13 8
No. of fruit per plant - - - - 15 18
Final Yield (Kg/h) 3400 3950 150 5359 9250.15 9608.3

[000114] The results in Table 4 indicated 25% and 4% increment in root length and final yield, respectively in case of Beetroot-Boro (BR-1) treatment experiment as compared to untreated control BR-1C. The results in Table 4 indicated 20%, 13%, 74% and 9% increment in root length, fruit setting, no. of fruit per plant and final yield, respectively in case of Cotton-3028 (CT-1) treatment experiment as compared to untreated control CT-1C. Further, the results in Table 4 indicated 7%, 5% and 17% increment in root length, fruit setting, and final yield, respectively in case of Cauliflower-Suhasini (CF-1) treatment experiment as compared to untreated control CF-1C. The results in Table 4 indicated 30% reduction in flower drop in case of Cotton-3028 (CT-1) as compared to untreated control (CT1C).
[000115] Table 4. Results of CT-1, BR-1 and CF-1 compared with corresponding control.

CT-1C CT-1 BR-1C BR-1 CF-1C CF-1
Root length (cm) 1.5 1.8 6 7.5 87 93
Flower drop (%) 10 7 - - - -
Fruit setting (%) 75 85 - - 78 82
No. of fruit per plant 23 40 - - - -
Final Yield (Kg/h) 885.9 968.7 37500 39000 15000 17500
[000116] The results in Table 5 indicated 13%, 5%, 38% and 4% increment in root length, fruit setting, no. of fruit per plant and final yield, respectively in case of Eggplant-Gaurav (EG-1) treatment experiment as compared to untreated control EG-1C. The results in Table 5 indicated 9%, 6%, 27% and 13% increment in root length, fruit setting, no. of fruit per plant and final yield, respectively in case of Eggplant-VNR212 (EG-2) treatment experiment as compared to untreated control EG-2C. The results in Table 5 indicated 25% reduction in flower drop in case of Eggplant-Gaurav (EG-1) and Eggplant-VNR212 (EG-2) as compared to untreated controls.
[000117] Table 5. Results of EG-1 and EG-2 compared with corresponding control.

EG-1C EG-1 EG-2C EG-2
Root length (cm) 30 34 32 35
Flower drop (%) 40 30 20 15
Fruit setting (%) 85 89 80 85
No. of fruit per plant 16 22 15 19
Final Yield (Kg/h) 19220 20000 12000 13500

[000118] Table 6 indicates mapping of crop variety with experimental IDs.
[000119] Table 6: Mapping of crop variety with experimental IDs.

Experiment ID Variety of crop Treatment /Control
TM-1a Tomato-Virang Treatment
TM-1Ca Tomato-Virang Control
TM-2a Tomato-Yogi035 Treatment
TM-2Ca Tomato- Yogi035 Control
WH-1a Wheat-Shriram303 Treatment
WH-1Ca Wheat-Shriram303 Control
BR-1a Beetroot-Boro Treatment
BR-1Ca Beetroot-Boro Control
EG-1a Eggplant-VNR212 Treatment
EG-1Ca Eggplant-VNR212 Control
Treatment: The agricultural land was treated with the agricultural formulation.
Control: The agricultural land was not treated with the agricultural formulation.
[000120] The results in Table 7 indicated 40% reduction in diseased plants with 36% increase in plant height and final yield has been increased by 11% in case of Tomato- Virang (TM-1a) treatment experiment as compared to untreated control TM-1Ca. Further, there is 35% reduction in diseased plants with 36% increase in plant height and final yield has been increased by 23% in case of Tomato-Yogi035 (TM-2a) treatment experiment as compared to untreated control TM-2Ca. There is 33% reduction in diseased plants with 12% increase in plant height and final yield has been increased by 21% in case of Wheat-Shriram303 (WH-1a) treatment experiment as compared to untreated control WH-1Ca. It can be seen in Table 7 that 65% reduction in diseased plants with 25% increase in plant height and final yield has been increased by 4% in case of beetroot-boro (BR-1a) treatment experiment as compared to untreated control BR-1Ca. Further, there is 8% reduction in diseased plants with 30% increase in plant height and final yield has been increased by 13% in case of eggplant-VNR212 (EG-1a) treatment experiment as compared to untreated control EG-1Ca.
[000121] Table 7. Results of TM-1a, TM-2a and WH-1a, BR-1a, EG-1a compared with corresponding control

TM-1Ca TM-1a TM-2Ca TM-2a WH-1Ca WH-1a BR-1Ca BR-1a EG-1Ca EG-1a
No. of plant diseased 20 12 20 13 70 47 20 7 100 92
Plant height (cm) 42 57 42 57 42 47 4 5 20 26
Final Yield (Kg/h) 33345 37050 27170 33345 4446 5359.9 37500 39000 12000 13500

[000122] According to observations and findings from demonstration trials of the products under different cropping patterns, varieties of crops, agroclimatic zones, and inputs, both Table 1 and Table 6 appeared to have a favorable impact on the physical and yield parameters in most of the crops. Cereals and vegetables both responded favourably to the product. After analysing the findings from farmers' fields, it can be concluded that, on average, the yield increased by 4-12% for tomatoes, 16% for corn, 4% for bitter gourd and beets, 4-13% for eggplant, 9% for cotton, 17% for cauliflower, and 21% for Wheat. Physical characteristics including root length, fruit set, and the number of fruits per plant all rose on average by 18%, 10%, and 31%, respectively. While a 24% decrease in flowers was observed. In the crops that were studied, the average number of unhealthy plants was reduced by 35%.
Example 5: Comparison of the composition of the present invention with conventional [only fertilizers, insecticides etc] for different crops.
[000123] There is an increase yield above 25 % with present composition as shown in Table 8. Cost Of Inputs Without present composition [Control] is Rs.6,391.00-(A) and Cost of Inputs with present composition is Rs.3650.00-(B). Thus, the Monetary Benefits to Farmer in input cost [A-B] Rs.2741.00. Monatary benefit from extra yield [1200 kgm] Based on MSP Rs. 2152.00 per Qtl.Rs. 25,500.00. Thus, the Total Application benefit Rs.28,241.00.
[000124] Table 8: Comparison of the composition of the present invention with conventional for wheat crop.
Name of the crop Quantity of inputs used/per Hectare (Control) Quantity of inputs used with present composition per Hectare Quantity of present composition Difference in Yield
Name of input Quantity
(Kgm) Name of input Quantity
(Kgm) Yield/h Control Yield/h present composition
Wheat
Application 1 D.A.P. [with
sowing] 125
Kgm
{@Rs.2
5.00
per
Kgm} D.A.P is
coated
with present composition 50 Kgm 02 Kgm
{@ Rs.125.0
0 per kgm} 4775 Kgm 5975 Kgm
Application 2 Urea just
before
irrigation[20-25
days age] 112
Kgm

Application 3 Urea just after
irrigation [20-
25 days age] 112
Kgm
{@Rs.6.
00 per
Kgm} Urea
[Coated
with present composition 90 Kgm 04 Kgm
Application 4 Urea [35-40
days age[ 112
Kgm
[@ Rs.
6.00
per
kgm] Urea
[Coated
with present composition 60 Kgm 02 Kgm
Application 5 - Crop Age
80-90
days - 04 Kgm
Application 6 Growth
Promoter
/organic
fertilizer [soil
application] 25
Kgm
{@Rs.
50.00
Per
Kgm} - - -

[000125] There is an increase yield above 18% with present composition as shown in Table 9. Cost Of Inputs Without present composition [Control] is Rs.9,322.00-(A), Cost of Inputs with present composition is Rs.3065.00-(B). Thus, the Monetary Benefits to Farmer in input cost [A-B] Rs.6,257.00. Monatary benefit from extra yield [Based on MSP] Per Acre @ Rs.2040.00/Qtl, Rs. 24,745.00. Thus, the Total benefit is Rs.31,002.00.
[000126] Table 9: Comparison of the composition of the present invention with conventional for Rice crop.
Name of the crop Quantity of inputs used/per Hectare (Control) Quantity of inputs used with present composition per Hectare Quantity of present composition Difference in Yield
Name of input Quantity
(Kgm) Name of input Quantity
(Kgm) Yield/h Control Yield/h present composition
Rice
Application 1 D.A.P. [with
sowing] 125
Kgm
{@Rs.2
5.00
per
Kgm} D.A.P is
coated
with present composition 25 Kgm 02 Kgm
{@ Rs.125.0
0 per kgm} 6735Kgm 7948 Kgm
Application 2 Urea 7,10
days after
planting 112
Kgm
Urea
[Coated
with present composition 40 Kgm 02 Kgm present composition
Application 3 Urea[20-25
after
planting] 112
Kgm
{@Rs.6.
00 per
Kgm} Urea
[Coated
with present composition 50 Kgm 04 Kgm
Application 4 Urea [35-40
days age[ 63
kgm Urea
[Coated
with present composition 25 Kgm 02 Kgm
Application 5 Fipronil [25-30
days after
planting] 10 kgm
Rs.135.
00 Per
Kgm - -
Application 6 Cartaphychlori
de- Granual 25
Kgm
{@Rs.
50.00
Per
Kgm} Crop Age-
60 days - 04 Kgm
With dry
fine
sand/soil
Application 7 Growth
Promoter 25
Kgm
{@Rs.
50.00
Per
Kgm}

ADVATANGES OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
[000127] The present disclosure provides a plant based eco-friendly crop growth enhancer.
[000128] The herbal formulation of the present disclosure is cost effective and is prepared from low cost and easily available raw material.
[000129] The herbal formulation of the present disclosure is biodegradable- resulting in crop growth and nutrient fortification in soil.
[000130] The herbal formulation of the present disclosure has no problem of biomagnification as in case of chemical fertilizers.
[000131] The herbal formulation of the present disclosure is easy to use with irrigation for soil quality enhancement with nutrients and organic biomass.
[000132] The herbal formulation of the present disclosure has no hazardous effects on soil, water and human health.
[000133] The herbal formulation of the present disclosure increases in yield and aids in nutrient management.
,CLAIMS:1. A herbal formulation comprising: Curcuma amada (rhizome), Swertia chirayita (stem), Gentian (stem), Rumex crispus (leaf), Leptadenia pyrotechnica (ariel portion), Sapindus mukorossi (fruit), Emblica officinalis (fruit), Citrullus colocynthis (fruit), Terminalia bellirica (fruit), Terminalia chebula (fruit), Acacia concinna (fruit), seed oil of Pongamia pinnata, Azadirachta indica (green leaf), Calotropis gigantea (stem and green leaf), Nicotiana tabacum (stem), Cassia angustifolia (leaf), jaggery or molasses and water.
2. The herbal formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the formulation further comprises one or more plant extract compatible agriculturally acceptable additives.
3. The herbal formulation as claimed in claim 2, wherein the agriculturally acceptable additive is selected from a group consisting of a fertilizer, a soil conditioners, a pesticide, a plant growth regulator, a biostimulant, an adjuvant, , a preservatives and combination thereof.
4. The herbal formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the formulation is mixed with five times quantity of fine, dry soil for application in the agricultural field.
5. A herbal formulation comprises: 0.01-0.10 %w/w of Curcuma amada (rhizome), 0.50-1.00 %w/w of Swertia chirayita (stem), 0.01-0.10 %w/w of Gentian (stem), 0.01-0.10 %w/w of Rumex crispus (leaf), 5.00-15.00 %w/w of Leptadenia pyrotechnica (ariel portion), 0.50-1.00 %w/w of Sapindus mukorossi (fruit), 0.50-1.00 %w/w of Emblica officinalis (fruit), 5.00-15.00 %w/w of Citrullus colocynthis (fruit), 0.75-1.50 %w/w of Terminalia bellirica (fruit), 0.75-1.50 %w/w of Terminalia chebula (fruit), 0.75-1.50 %w/w of Acacia concinna (fruit), 10.00-15.00 %w/w of seed oil of Pongamia pinnata, 0.01-1.00 %w/w of Azadirachta indica (green leaf), 0.01-1.50 %w/w of Calotropis gigantea (stem and green leaf), 40.00-60.00 %w/w of Nicotiana tabacum (stem), 0.10-0.50 %w/w of Cassia angustifolia (leaf), 0.75-3.0 %w/w of jaggery or molasses and 0.50-10.00 %w/w of water.
6. A method of preparation of a herbal formulation comprises:
a) preparing an aqueous extract of Curcuma amada (rhizome), Swertia chirayita (stem), Gentian (stem), Rumex crispus (leaf), Leptadenia pyrotechnica (ariel portion), Sapindus mukorossi (fruit), Emblica officinalis (fruit), Citrullus colocynthis (fruit), Terminalia bellirica (fruit), Terminalia chebula (fruit) and Acacia concinna (fruit);
b) preparing a processed aqueous extract from the aqueous extract;
c) preparing an oil extract of Leptadenia pyrotechnica (ariel portion), Azadirachta indica (green leaf) and Calotropis gigantea (stem and green leaf) in a seed oil of Pongamia pinnata;
d) preparing a herbal powder mixture comprising Swertia chirayita (stem), Leptadenia pyrotechnica (ariel portion), Sapindus mukorossi (fruit), Emblica officinalis (fruit), Citrullus colocynthis (fruit), Terminalia bellirica (fruit), Terminalia chebula (fruit), Acacia concinna (fruit), Nicotiana tabacum (stem) and Cassia angustifolia (leaf);
e) preparing a semi-solid paste by mixing the processed aqueous extract, the oil extract, the herbal powder mixture and jaggery or molasses; and
f) fermenting the semi-solid paste in an air-tight package for 1 to 10 days.
7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the aqueous extract of step a) is prepared by heating coarsely powdered in water at a temperature in the range of 50 to 80 °C followed by cooling at a temperature in the range of 20 to 35 °C.
8. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the processed aqueous extract of step b) is prepared by heating the aqueous extract of step a) with water in the range of 50 to 80 °C followed cooling at a temperature in the range of 20 to 35 °C.
9. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the oil extract of step c) is prepared at a temperature in the range of 50 to 100 °C followed by cooling at a temperature in the range of 20 to 35 °C.