FORM 2
THE PATENTS ACT, 1970 (39 OF 1970) & THE PATENT RULES, 2003
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(See section 10 and rule 13)
“METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR MANAGING CAPABILITY INFORMATION FOR USER EQUIPMENT”
We, Jio Platforms Limited, an Indian National, of Office - 101, Saffron, Nr. Centre Point, Panchwati 5 Rasta, Ambawadi, Ahmedabad - 380006, Gujarat, India.
The following specification particularly describes the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed.

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR MANAGING CAPABILITY INFORMATION FOR USER EQUIPMENT
FIELD OF INVENTION
[0001] The present disclosure relates generally to the field of wireless communication systems. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to method and system for managing capability information for user equipment.
BACKGROUND
[0002] The following description of related art is intended to provide background information pertaining to the field of the disclosure. This section may include certain aspects of the art that may be related to various features of the present disclosure. However, it should be appreciated that this section be used only to enhance the understanding of the reader with respect to the present disclosure, and not as admissions of prior art.
[0003] Wireless communication technology has rapidly evolved over the past few decades, with each generation bringing significant improvements and advancements. The first generation of wireless communication technology was based on analog technology and offered only voice services. However, with the advent of the second generation (2G) technology, digital communication and data services became possible, and text messaging was introduced. The third generation (3G) technology marked the introduction of high-speed internet access, mobile video calling, and location-based services. The fourth generation (4G) technology revolutionized wireless communication with faster data speeds, better network coverage, and improved security. Currently, the fifth generation (5G) technology is being deployed, promising even faster data speeds, low latency, and the ability to connect multiple devices simultaneously. With each generation, wireless

communication technology has become more advanced, sophisticated, and capable of delivering more services to its users.
[0004] Existing approaches for managing user equipment (UE) capabilities in wireless communication networks, particularly in 5G networks, face several challenges. One major issue is the delay in forming UE capability information messages that include both New Radio (NR) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (EUTRA) capabilities. This delay can result in extended registration times for UEs, negatively impacting the user experience. Another problem is the expiry of procedure waiting timers at the gNodeB. If the UE takes too long to respond with its capability information, the timer can expire, leading to a failure in the registration process. This issue is exacerbated by the delay in forming the capability information messages. Additionally, the combined NR and EUTRA capability information message can be quite large, around 2500 bytes or more. In areas with poor radio frequency (RF) conditions, these bulky messages are more likely to be dropped, leading to unsuccessful registrations. Furthermore, existing methods often lead to inefficient use of network resources by enquiring and transmitting all UE capabilities in one go, even when only a subset is immediately needed. This can result in unnecessary network congestion and waste of resources.
[0005] Therefore, there is a requirement to enhance UE capability enquiry procedure which can improve UE registrations in the 5G network and lead to overall better UE experience, which the present disclosure aims to address.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
[0006] Some of the objects of the present disclosure, which at least one implementation disclosed herein satisfies are listed herein below.

[0007] It is an object of the present disclosure to provide system and method for managing capability information for user equipment.
[0008] It is another object of the present disclosure to provide a solution that enhances the UE capability enquiry procedure which further improves UE registrations in the 5G network and lead to overall better UE experience and improved overall UE registration success rate.
[0009] It is another object of the present disclosure to provide a solution that also reduces the delay in Registration procedure as capability enquiry only for NR takes less time per UE.
[0010] It is another object of the present disclosure to provide a solution that is well suited for any heterogeneous network with Multi-RAT, Multi-Vendor consist of different products like Macro, Micro and small cell.
[0011] It is another object of the present disclosure to provide a “UE Capability Split” solution wherein capability information message is split and transported into multiple segments, each containing only one R AT technology related capability information.
[0012] It is yet another object of the present disclosure to provide a solution that can improve network Key Performance Indicator (KPI) of registration success rate.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0013] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein, and constitute a part of this disclosure, illustrate exemplary implementations of the disclosed methods and systems in which like reference numerals refer to the same parts throughout the different drawings. Components in the drawings are not necessarily

to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon clearly illustrating the principles of the present disclosure. Some drawings may indicate the components using block diagrams and may not represent the internal circuitry of each component. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that disclosure of such drawings includes disclosure of electrical components, electronic components or circuitry commonly used to implement such components.
[0014] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary block diagram representation of 5th generation core (5GC) network architecture.
[0015] FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary block diagram of a system for managing capability information for user equipment, in accordance with exemplary implementations of the present disclosure.
[0016] FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary sequence diagram for managing capability information for UE, in accordance with exemplary implementations of the present disclosure.
[0017] FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary sequence diagram for UE capability enquiry flow if no UE capability in Initial Context Setup (ICS) request, in accordance with exemplary implementations of the present disclosure.
[0018] FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary sequence diagram for UE capability procedure wait timer expiration flow, in accordance with exemplary implementations of the present disclosure.
[0019] FIG. 6 illustrates exemplary sequence diagram where no UE capability enquiry as ICS request contains NR+EUTRA info, in accordance with exemplary implementations of the present disclosure.

[0020] FIG. 7 illustrates exemplary sequence diagram related to UE capability enquiry decision (based on ICS request content), in accordance with exemplary implementations of the present disclosure.
[0021] FIG. 8 illustrates an exemplary detailed workflow for advanced and optimized UE Capability Enquiry enhancement for 5G user when UE registration procedure is in progress, in accordance with exemplary implementations of the present disclosure.
[0022] FIG. 9 illustrates an exemplary detailed workflow where the UE is moved to another gNodeB post registration procedure, in accordance with exemplary implementations of the present disclosure.
[0023] FIG. 10 illustrates an exemplary method diagram indicating the process for managing capability information for a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication network, in accordance with exemplary implementations of the present disclosure.
[0024] FIG. 11 illustrates an exemplary block diagram of a computing device upon which the features of the present disclosure may be implemented in accordance with exemplary implementation of the present disclosure.
[0025] The foregoing shall be more apparent from the following more detailed description of the disclosure.
SUMMARY
[0026] This section is provided to introduce certain aspects of the present disclosure in a simplified form that are further described below in the detailed description.

This summary is not intended to identify the key features or the scope of the claimed subject matter.
[0027] An aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method for managing capability information for a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication network. The method comprises receiving a registration request by a transceiver unit at a network node from an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) unit. The method also comprises sending a first UE capability enquiry request to the UE by the transceiver unit at the network node. The method also comprises receiving a first UE capability response by the transceiver unit at the network node in response to the first UE capability enquiry request. The method also comprises sending a second UE capability enquiry request by the transceiver unit at the network node to the UE. The method also comprises receiving a second UE capability response by the transceiver unit at the network node in response to the second UE capability enquiry request. The method also comprises transmitting a response message by the transceiver unit at the network node. It is important to note that the response message comprises a combination of the first UE capability response and the second UE capability response to the AMF unit.
[0028] In an aspect, the method further comprises establishing, by the transceiver unit at the network node, a Packet Data Unit (PDU) session between the UE and the AMF unit based at least on the response message.
[0029] In an aspect, the network node is a gNodeB.
[0030] In an aspect, the registration request is an initial context setup (ICS) request, wherein the ICS request is independent of one or more UE capabilities.
[0031] In an aspect, the method further comprises establishing a secure connection between the gNodeB and the UE based on at least one secure protocol.

[0032] In an aspect, upon receiving the first UE capability response, the method further comprises transmitting, by the transceiver unit at the network node, a registration response to the AMF unit in response to the registration request to complete a UE registration procedure.
[0033] In an aspect, the second UE capability enquiry request is sent to the UE after completing the UE registration procedure, the UE registration procedure is completed based on receiving the first UE capability response from the UE; and transmitting the first UE capability response to the AMF unit.
[0034] In an aspect, the method further comprises initiating, by an analysis unit at the network node, a predefined timer upon sending the second UE capability enquiry request. Further, in case the predefined timer expires before receipt of the second UE capability response, releasing, by the analysis unit at the network node, the UE from the wireless communication network and re-initiating, by the analysis unit at the network node, the registration request.
[0035] In an aspect, the first UE capability enquiry request is a New Radio (NR) request.
[0036] In an aspect, the second UE capability enquiry request is an Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (EUTRA) request.
[0037] In an aspect, the method further comprises receiving, by the transceiver unit at the network node, a measurement report from the UE and initiating, by the analysis unit at the network node, a handover procedure based at least on the received measurement report.

[0038] In an aspect, upon successful initiation of the handover procedure, the method further comprises determining, by the analysis unit at the network node, whether a secure connection is established with the UE based at least on a first interface. Further, upon determining that the secure connection is established with the UE based at least on the first interface, initiating, by the analysis unit at the network node, a handover based at least on the first interface. Further, upon determining that the secure connection is not established with the UE based at least on the first interface, initiating, by the analysis unit at the network node, a handover based at least on a second interface. Thereafter, sending, by the transceiver unit at the network node, the second UE capability enquiry request to the UE.
[0039] In an aspect, the first interface is an Xn interface.
[0040] In an aspect, the second interface is an Ng interface.
[0041] Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a system for managing capability information for a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication network. The system comprises an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) unit and a network node. The network node comprises a transceiver unit which is configured to receive a registration request from the AMF unit. The transceiver unit is further configured to send a first UE capability enquiry request to the UE. The transceiver unit is further configured to receive a first UE capability response in response to the first UE capability enquiry request. The transceiver unit is further configured to send a second UE capability enquiry request to the UE. The transceiver unit is further configured to receive a second UE capability response in response to the second UE capability enquiry request. The transceiver unit is further configured to transmit a response message to the AMF unit. It is emphasized that the response message comprises a combination of the first UE capability response and the second UE capability response to the AMF unit. The transceiver unit is

further configured to establish a Packet Data Unit (PDU) session between the UE and the AMF unit based at least on the response message.
[0042] Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a User Equipment (UE) comprising a memory, and a processor coupled to the memory. The processor is configured to receive a first UE capability enquiry request from a network node. The network node is to send the first UE capability enquiry request to the UE pursuant to receiving a registration request from an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) unit. The processor is further configured to send a first UE capability response to the network node in response to the first UE capability enquiry request. The processor is further configured to receive a second UE capability enquiry request from the network node. Then in response to the second UE capability enquiry request, the processor is further configured to send a second UE capability response to the network node. The first UE capability response and the second UE capability response are to cause the network node to manage the capability information of the UE based on transmitting, by the network node to the AMF unit, a response message comprising a combination of the first UE capability response and the second UE capability response on receiving the first UE capability response and the second UE capability response from the UE.
[0043] Yet another aspect of the present disclosure discloses a non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing one or more instructions for managing capability information for a user equipment (UE), the one or more instructions comprises executable code which, when executed by one or more units, cause the one or more units to perform certain functions. The instructions when executed causes a transceiver unit, at a network node, to receive a registration request from an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) unit. The instructions when executed further causes the transceiver unit, at the network node, to send a first UE capability enquiry request. The instructions when executed further causes the transceiver unit, at the network node, to receive a first UE capability response in

response to the first UE capability enquiry request. The instructions when executed further causes the transceiver unit, at the network node, to send a second UE capability enquiry request to the UE. The instructions when executed further causes the transceiver unit, at the network node, to receive a second UE capability response in response to the second UE capability enquiry request. The instructions when executed further causes the transceiver unit, at the network node, to transmit a response message. The response message comprises a combination of the first UE capability response and the second UE capability response to the AMF unit.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0044] In the following description, for the purposes of explanation, various specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of implementations of the present disclosure. It will be apparent, however, that implementations of the present disclosure may be practiced without these specific details. Several features described hereafter can each be used independently of one another or with any combination of other features. An individual feature may not address any of the problems discussed above or might address only some of the problems discussed above. Some of the problems discussed above might not be fully addressed by any of the features described herein. Example implementations of the present disclosure are described below, as illustrated in various drawings in which like reference numerals refer to the same parts throughout the different drawings.
[0045] The ensuing description provides exemplary implementations only, and is not intended to limit the scope, applicability, or configuration of the disclosure. Rather, the ensuing description of the exemplary implementations will provide those skilled in the art with an enabling description for implementing an exemplary implementation. It should be understood that various changes may be made in the

function and arrangement of elements without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure as set forth.
[0046] It should be noted that the terms "mobile device", "user equipment", "user device", “communication device”, “device” and similar terms are used interchangeably for the purpose of describing the invention. These terms are not intended to limit the scope of the invention or imply any specific functionality or limitations on the described implementations. The use of these terms is solely for convenience and clarity of description. The invention is not limited to any particular type of device or equipment, and it should be understood that other equivalent terms or variations thereof may be used interchangeably without departing from the scope of the invention as defined herein.
[0047] Specific details are given in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the implementations. However, it will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that the implementations may be practiced without these specific details. For example, circuits, systems, networks, processes, and other components may be shown as components in block diagram form in order not to obscure the implementations in unnecessary detail. In other instances, well-known circuits, processes, algorithms, structures, and techniques may be shown without unnecessary detail in order to avoid obscuring the implementations.
[0048] Also, it is noted that individual implementations may be described as a process which is depicted as a flowchart, a flow diagram, a data flow diagram, a structure diagram, or a block diagram. Although a flowchart may describe the operations as a sequential process, many of the operations can be performed in parallel or concurrently. In addition, the order of the operations may be re-arranged. A process is terminated when its operations are completed but could have additional steps not included in a figure.

[0049] The word “exemplary” and/or “demonstrative” is used herein to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. For the avoidance of doubt, the subject matter disclosed herein is not limited by such examples. In addition, any aspect or design described herein as “exemplary” and/or “demonstrative” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects or designs, nor is it meant to preclude equivalent exemplary structures and techniques known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Furthermore, to the extent that the terms “includes,” “has,” “contains,” and other similar words are used in either the detailed description or the claims, such terms are intended to be inclusive—in a manner similar to the term “comprising” as an open transition word—without precluding any additional or other elements.
[0050] As used herein, an “electronic device”, or “portable electronic device”, or “user device” or “communication device” or “user equipment” or “device” refers to any electrical, electronic, electromechanical, and computing device. The user device is capable of receiving and/or transmitting one or parameters, performing function/s, communicating with other user devices, and transmitting data to the other user devices. The user equipment may have a processor, a display, a memory, a battery, and an input-means such as a hard keypad and/or a soft keypad. The user equipment may be capable of operating on any radio access technology including but not limited to IP-enabled communication, Zig Bee, Bluetooth, Bluetooth Low Energy, Near Field Communication, Z-Wave, Wi-Fi, Wi-Fi direct, etc. For instance, the user equipment may include, but not limited to, a mobile phone, smartphone, virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality (AR) devices, laptop, a general-purpose computer, desktop, personal digital assistant, tablet computer, mainframe computer, or any other device as may be obvious to a person skilled in the art for implementation of the features of the present disclosure.
[0051] Further, the user device may also comprise a “processor” or “processing unit” includes processing unit, wherein processor refers to any logic circuitry for

processing instructions. The processor may be a general-purpose processor, a special purpose processor, a conventional processor, a digital signal processor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in association with a DSP core, a controller, a microcontroller, Application Specific Integrated Circuits, Field Programmable Gate Array circuits, any other type of integrated circuits, etc. The processor may perform signal coding data processing, input/output processing, and/or any other functionality that enables the working of the system according to the present disclosure. More specifically, the processor is a hardware processor.
[0052] As portable electronic devices and wireless technologies continue to improve and grow in popularity, the advancing wireless technologies for data transfer are also expected to evolve and replace the older generations of technologies. In the field of wireless data communications, the dynamic advancement of various generations of cellular technology are also seen. The development, in this respect, has been incremental in the order of second generation (2G), third generation (3G), fourth generation (4G), and now fifth generation (5G), and more such generations are expected to continue in the forthcoming time.
[0053] Radio Access Technology (RAT) refers to the technology used by mobile devices/ user equipment (UE) to connect to a cellular network. It refers to the specific protocol and standards that govern the way devices communicate with base stations, which are responsible for providing the wireless connection. Further, each RAT has its own set of protocols and standards for communication, which define the frequency bands, modulation techniques, and other parameters used for transmitting and receiving data. Examples of RATs include GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications), CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access), UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System), LTE (Long-Term Evolution), and 5G. The choice of RAT depends on a variety of factors, including the network infrastructure, the available spectrum, and the mobile device's/device's capabilities. Mobile devices often support multiple RATs, allowing them to connect to different

types of networks and provide optimal performance based on the available network resources.
[0054] As discussed in the background section, existing approaches for managing user equipment (UE) capabilities in wireless communication networks, particularly in 5G networks, face several challenges. One major issue is the delay in forming UE capability information messages that include both New Radio (NR) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (EUTRA) capabilities. The delay can result in extended registration times for UEs, negatively impacting the user experience. Another problem is the expiry of procedure waiting timers at the gNodeB. If the UE takes too long to respond with its capability information, the timer can expire, leading to a failure in the registration process. This issue is exacerbated by the delay in forming the capability information messages. Additionally, the combined NR and EUTRA capability information message can be quite large, around 2500 bytes or more. In areas with poor RF conditions, these bulky messages are more likely to be dropped, leading to unsuccessful registrations. Furthermore, existing methods often lead to inefficient use of network resources by enquiring and transmitting all UE capabilities in one go, even when only a subset is immediately needed. This can result in unnecessary network congestion and waste of resources.
[0055] Hereinafter, exemplary implementations of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0056] The present disclosure provides an enhanced procedure for managing user equipment (UE) capabilities in wireless communication networks, particularly in 5G networks, that addresses the challenges of existing approaches. By splitting the UE capability enquiry into multiple phases, the present disclosure reduces the delay in forming UE capability information messages, as the network node (gNodeB) first enquires and processes the more critical NR capabilities before proceeding to the

EUTRA capabilities. The phased approach allows for quicker completion of the UE registration procedure, improving the user experience. Furthermore, the present disclosure helps in mitigating the issue of procedure waiting timer expiry at the gNodeB. By breaking down the capability enquiry into smaller, more manageable requests, the likelihood of the UE responding in a timely manner increases, reducing the chances of timer expiry. The splitting of the capability enquiry also addresses the problem of bulky messages being dropped due to poor RF conditions. By transmitting smaller segments of capability information, the risk of message drop is significantly lowered, leading to a higher success rate in UE registrations.
[0057] It would be appreciated by the person skilled in the art that the present disclosure leads to a more efficient use of network resources. By enquiring and transmitting only the necessary UE capabilities in a phased manner, unnecessary network congestion and resource wastage are avoided. This approach ensures that the network can handle a higher number of UE registrations effectively, improving overall network performance and reliability.
[0058] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary block diagram representation of 5th generation core (5GC) network architecture, in accordance with exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 1, the 5GC network architecture [100] includes a user equipment (UE) [102], a radio access network (RAN) [104] (alternatively referred to as gNodeB [104], base station [104], gNB [104] or network node [104] hereinafter), an access and mobility management function (AMF) [106], a Session Management Function (SMF) [108], a Service Communication Proxy (SCP) [110], an Authentication Server Function (AUSF) [112], a Network Slice Specific Authentication and Authorization Function (NSSAAF) [114], a Network Slice Selection Function (NSSF) [116], a Network Exposure Function (NEF) [118], a Network Repository Function (NRF) [120], a Policy Control Function (PCF) [122], a Unified Data Management (UDM) [124], an application function (AF) [126], a User Plane Function (UPF) [128], a data

network (DN) [130], wherein all the components are assumed to be connected to each other in a manner as obvious to the person skilled in the art for implementing features of the present disclosure.
5 [0059] The User Equipment (UE) [102] interfaces with the network via the Radio
Access Network (RAN) [104]; the Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) [106] manages connectivity and mobility, while the Session Management Function (SMF) [108] administers session control; the service communication proxy (SCP) [110] routes and manages communication between network services,
10 enhancing efficiency and security, and the Authentication Server Function (AUSF)
[112] handles user authentication; the Network Slice Specific Authentication and Authorization Function (NSSAAF) [114] for integrating the 5G core network with existing 4G LTE networks i.e., to enable Non-Standalone (NSA) 5G deployments, the Network Slice Selection Function (NSSF) [116], Network Exposure Function
15 (NEF) [118], and Network Repository Function (NRF) [120] enable network
customization, secure interfacing with external applications, and maintain network function registries respectively; the Policy Control Function (PCF) [122] develops operational policies, and the Unified Data Management (UDM) [124] manages subscriber data; the Application Function (AF) [126] enables application
20 interaction, the User Plane Function (UPF) [128] processes and forwards user data,
and the Data Network (DN) [130] connects to external internet resources; collectively, these components are designed to enhance mobile broadband, ensure low-latency communication, and support massive machine-type communication, solidifying the 5GC as the infrastructure for next-generation mobile networks.
25
[0060] Radio Access Network (RAN) [104] is the part of a mobile telecommunications system that connects user equipment (UE) [102] to the core network (CN) and provides access to different types of networks (e.g., 5G network). It consists of radio base stations and the radio access technologies that enable
30 wireless communication.
17

[0061] Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) [106] is a 5G core
network function responsible for managing access and mobility aspects, such as UE
registration, connection, and reachability. It also handles mobility management
5 procedures like handovers and paging.
[0062] Session Management Function (SMF) [108] is a 5G core network function
responsible for managing session-related aspects, such as establishing, modifying,
and releasing sessions. It coordinates with the User Plane Function (UPF) for data
10 forwarding and handles IP address allocation and QoS enforcement.
[0063] Service Communication Proxy (SCP) [110] is a network function in the
5G core network that facilitates communication between other network functions
by providing a secure and efficient messaging service. It acts as a mediator for
15 service-based interfaces.
[0064] Authentication Server Function (AUSF) [112] is a network function in the 5G core responsible for authenticating UEs during registration and providing security services. It generates and verifies authentication vectors and tokens. 20
[0065] Network Slice Specific Authentication and Authorization Function (NSSAAF) [114] is a network function that provides authentication and authorization services specific to network slices. It ensures that UEs can access only the slices for which they are authorized. 25
[0066] Network Slice Selection Function (NSSF) [116] is a network function responsible for selecting the appropriate network slice for a UE based on factors such as subscription, requested services, and network policies.
18

[0067] Network Exposure Function (NEF) [118] is a network function that exposes capabilities and services of the 5G network to external applications, enabling integration with third-party services and applications.
5 [0068] Network Repository Function (NRF) [120] is a network function that acts
as a central repository for information about available network functions and services. It facilitates the discovery and dynamic registration of network functions.
[0069] Policy Control Function (PCF) [122] is a network function responsible for
10 policy control decisions, such as QoS, charging, and access control, based on
subscriber information and network policies.
[0070] Unified Data Management (UDM) [124] is a network function that
centralizes the management of subscriber data, including authentication,
15 authorization, and subscription information.
[0071] Application Function (AF) [126] is a network function that represents external applications interfacing with the 5G core network to access network capabilities and services. 20
[0072] User Plane Function (UPF) [128] is a network function responsible for handling user data traffic, including packet routing, forwarding, and QoS enforcement.
25 [0073] Data Network (DN) [130] refers to a network that provides data services
to user equipment (UE) [102] in a telecommunications system. The data services may include but are not limited to Internet services, private data network related services.
19

[0074] Referring to FIG. 2, an exemplary block diagram of a system [200] for
managing capability information for a user equipment (UE) [102] in a wireless
communication network is shown, in accordance with the exemplary
implementations of the present disclosure. The system [200] comprises at least one
5 of a network node [104]. In an embodiment, the network node [104] comprises at
least one transceiver unit [204] and at least one analysis unit [206] which may be connected to each other. In another example, the system [200] may also include at least one storage unit [202], which may be used for managing capability information for the UE [102] in a wireless communication network, in conjunction
10 with the transceiver unit [204] and the analysis unit [206]. Also, all of the
components/units of the system [200] are assumed to be connected to each other unless otherwise indicated below. Also, in FIG. 2 only a few units are shown, however, the system [200] may comprise multiple such units or the system [200] may comprise any such numbers of said units, as required to implement the features
15 of the present disclosure.
[0075] The system [200] is configured for managing capability information of the UE [102] in a wireless communication network, with the help of the interconnection between the components/units of the system [200]. The managing capability
20 information refers to the management of the information related to capabilities of
the UE [102] which is going to be connected to the wireless communication network. The capability information may refer to the information associated with one or more capabilities of the UE to connect with 5G network and 4G network, and may also comprise capabilities of connecting with newer communication
25 technologies. The wireless communication network refers to the radio access
network for different generation of telecommunication technology.
[0076] The transceiver unit [204] of the network node [104] is configured to receive
a registration request from the AMF unit [106] (herein alternatively referred to as
30 AMF [106]). In an embodiment, the transceiver unit [204] may correspond to a unit
20

capable of reception and data transmission. In another embodiment, the transceiver
unit [204] may correspond to a processor capable of performing transmission and
reception of data. The analysis unit [206] may be a unit capable of performing
analysis by processing data, the analysis unit [206] may also be a processor capable
5 of performing analysis of data. The registration request may be a request for
registration of the UE [102] within the wireless communication network. In another implementation of the present disclosure the registration request may be an initial context setup (ICS) request, wherein the ICS request is independent of one or more UE capabilities. The ICS request may be a request for registration of the UE [102]
10 within the wireless communication network. The one or more UE capabilities may
refer to at least the capabilities of the UE [102] to connect to the 4G networks or the 5G networks. For example, the one or more UE capabilities may be a capability of the UE [102] to connect with the 5G network via the New Radio telecommunication technology. In another example, the one or more UE
15 capabilities may be a capability of the UE [102] to connect with the 4G network via
the Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (EUTRA) technology.
[0077] The transceiver unit [204] is further configured to send a first UE capability enquiry request to the UE [102]. The first UE capability enquiry request
20 corresponds to the request for enquiring the capabilities of the UE [102]. The
capabilities of the UE [102] may correspond to capability of the UE [102] to connect to the different network technologies. The capabilities may further correspond to processing data for connecting with the newer generation of technology. In another implementation of the present disclosure, the first UE capability enquiry request
25 may comprise a new radio (NR) request seeking information related to the enquiry
related to the capabilities of connecting to the 5G New Radio (NR).
[0078] The transceiver unit [204] is further configured to receive a first UE
capability response in response to the first UE capability enquiry request. The first
30 UE capability response comprises the details related to the capabilities of the UE
21

[102]. The first UE capability response may comprise information related to capabilities of the UE [102] to connect to the 5G NR. The NR may be referred to as the 5G core network technology.
5 [0079] In another implementation of the present disclosure, upon receiving the first
UE capability response, the transceiver unit [204] may also be further configured to send at the network node [104], a registration response to the AMF unit [106] in response to the registration request to complete a UE registration procedure. The registration response may be the response giving information that the UE
10 registration procedure is completed. The UE registration procedure is completed
based on receiving the first UE capability response from the UE [102] and transmitting the first UE capability response to the AMF unit [106]. The registration response may be the response stating that the UE [102] has been successfully registered or not registered with the wireless communication networks. For
15 example, if the UE [102] is capable of connecting to the 5G network, then it may
send that the UE [102] has been connected with the 5G networks.
[0080] The transceiver unit [204] is further configured to send a second UE capability enquiry request to the UE [102]. The second UE capability enquiry
20 request refers to the request seeking information related to the capabilities of the
UE [102]. The second UE capability enquiry request may be specifically an Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (EUTRA) request seeking capabilities of UE for connecting with the EUTRA. The EUTRA may also be referred as the 4G network technologies.
25
[0081] The transceiver unit [204] is further configured to receive a second UE capability response in response to the second UE capability enquiry request. The second UE capability response comprises the information related to capability of connecting with the EUTRA or the 4G network technology.
30
22

[0082] In another implementation of the present disclosure, the second UE capability enquiry request is sent to the UE [102] after completing the UE registration procedure.
5 [0083] The transceiver unit [204] is further configured to transmit a response
message to the AMF unit [106]. It is emphasized that the response message comprises a combination of the first UE capability response and the second UE capability response to the AMF unit [106].
10 [0084] In another implementation of the present disclosure, the transceiver unit
[204] is further configured to establish at the network node [104], a Packet Data Unit (PDU) session between the UE [102] and the AMF unit [106] based at least on the response message. The PDU Session provides end-to-end user plane connectivity between the UE [102] and a specific Data Network (DN) [130] through
15 the User Plane Function (UPF) [128].
[0085] In an exemplary implementation of the present disclosure, the registration
request is the initial context setup (ICS) request. The Initial Context Setup
establishes the necessary overall initial UE context at the next generation-radio
20 access networks (NG-RAN) node (such as 5G NR), when required, including the
PDU session context, the Security Key, Mobility Restriction List, UE Radio Capability and UE Security Capabilities, etc.
[0086] In an exemplary implementation of the present disclosure, the gNodeB
25 [104] is further configured to establish a secure connection with the UE [102] based
on at least one secure protocol. The secure connection refers to a connection which
uses encryption protocols to protect the data that is being transferred. The secure
connection protects data from unauthorized parties, identifies and authenticates the
recipient of the data, and ensures the data has not been tampered with. The at least
30 one secure protocol may refer to any protocol used for encryption/ decryption used
23

for ciphering/deciphering and verifying the integrity for signalling messages between one or more network nodes (such as base stations) and the user equipment [102].
5 [0087] In an exemplary implementation of the present disclosure, the gNodeB
[104] is further configured to transmit a registration response to the AMF unit [106] in response to the registration request upon receipt of the first UE capability response.
10 [0088] In another exemplary implementation of the present disclosure, the analysis
unit [206] is configured to initiate a predefined timer upon sending the second UE capability enquiry request. The predefined timer may be a timer or a countdown which runs for a specified or predefined time period.
15 [0089] The analysis unit [206] is further configured to release the UE [102] from
the wireless communication network in case the predefined timer expires before receipt of the second UE capability response. Thereafter the analysis unit [206] is further configured to re-initiate the registration request.
20 [0090] In an exemplary implementation of the present disclosure, the first UE
capability enquiry request is a New Radio (NR) request.
[0091] In an exemplary implementation of the present disclosure, the second UE
capability enquiry request is an Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access
25 (EUTRA) request.
[0092] In an exemplary implementation of the present disclosure, the gNodeB
[104] is further configured to receive a measurement report from the UE [102] and
initiate a handover procedure based at least on the received measurement report.
30 The handover procedure or the handover is a process of transferring an ongoing call
24

or data session from one channel connected to the core network to another channel,
or specifically in this case refers to the transferring between one type of RAN to
another type of RAN. The measurement report is a report sent by the UE [102] to
the one or more network nodes (such as base stations). The measurement report
5 comprises details associated with radio frequency of serving cells and neighbouring
cells. The details in the measurement report comprises at least one of a signal strength (Reference Signal Received Power), a signal quality (Reference Signal Received Quality), a Received Signal Strength Indicator, a signal Interference Noise Ratio (SINR), and like.
10
[0093] In an exemplary implementation of the present disclosure, upon successful initiation of the handover procedure, the analysis unit [206] is further configured to determine whether a secure connection is established with the UE [102] based at least on a first interface. The analysis unit [206] is further configured to initiate a
15 handover based at least on the first interface upon determination that the secure
connection is established with the UE [102] based at least on the first interface. The analysis unit [206] is further configured to initiate a handover based at least on a second interface upon determination that the secure connection is not established with the UE [102] based at least on the first interface. The transceiver unit [204] is
20 further configured to send the second UE capability enquiry request to the UE [102].
[0094] In an exemplary implementation of the present disclosure, the first interface is Xn interface. The Xn interface supports the exchange of signalling information between two NG-RAN nodes, and the forwarding of PDUs to the respective tunnel
25 endpoints; - from a logical standpoint, the Xn interface is a point-to-point interface
between two NG-RAN nodes. The Xn interface is an interface used for communication between one or more network nodes such as one or more base stations. For example, particularly in 5GC network, the Xn interface is an interface between two different gNBs.
30
25

[0095] In an exemplary implementation of the present disclosure, the second
interface is Ng interface. The Ng (Next Generation) interface refers to the interface
between the Next Generation Core (NGC) (5GC network) and the Radio Access
Network (RAN). The Ng interface refers to an interface used for communication
5 between one or more network nodes such as one or more base stations and the AMF
unit [106]. For example, particularly in 5GC network, the Xn interface is an interface between two different gNBs.
[0096] Referring to FIG. 3, an exemplary sequence diagram for managing
10 capability information for the UE [102], in accordance with exemplary
implementations of the present disclosure, is illustrated. The present disclosure
further discloses that in order to provide the UE Capability Enquiry Procedure
Enhancements, the transceiver unit [204] of the system [200] is configured to send
through gNodeB [104] the UE capability in two steps -
15 a. first for NR and then
b. for EUTRA [0097] The NR may be referred to as the 5G core network telecommunication technology. The EUTRA may be referred to as the 4G network telecommunication technology. 20
[0098] At S1, the process begins with the gNodeB [104] receiving an Initial Context Setup (ICS) Request from the Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) [106].
25 [0099] Moving to S2, following the ICS Request, the gNodeB [104] proceeds to
enquire about the UE’s capabilities specific to New Radio (NR), as "UE Capability Enquiry – NR: n78". This step facilitates in determining that the NR functionalities that the UE [102] supports, essential for optimizing its operation within the 5G network. The n78 band is a 3.5 GHz band or a C- band used within the 5GC
26

telecommunication networks. The n78 band has a frequency range from 3300 MHz to 3800 MHz, providing a total bandwidth of 500 MHz for usage.
[0100] At S3, the UE [102] responds to the enquiry with "UE Capability
5 Information – NR: n78", providing the gNodeB [104] with the necessary details
about its NR capabilities for facilitating the gNodeB [104] to determine the UE’s functionality and to facilitate proper network resource allocation.
[0101] Subsequently, at S4, upon successful reception of the NR capabilities from
10 the UE [102], the gNodeB [104] sends to the AMF unit [106] the NR capabilities
associated with the UE [102].
[0102] At S5 the gNodeB [104] sends an ICS Response to the AMF unit [106]. This
acknowledges the receipt of NR capability information and signals that, part of the
15 UE's context setup is complete.
[0103] Following this, at S6, the UE registration procedure progresses as the gNodeB [104] initiates a UE Capability Enquiry for EUTRA capabilities, covering bands B3, B5, and B40. The Band B3 is the 1800 MHz operating frequency band
20 that is used globally for 4G LTE networks ranging from 1850 – 1910 for uplink and
1930 – 1990 for downlink. The Band B5 is another operating frequency band ranging from 824 – 849 for uplink and 869 – 894 for downlink. The Band B40 is another operating frequency band ranging from 2300 MHz – 2400 MHz and can be used as a single band or multi-band network. This represents the second phase of
25 the capability enquiry, which is segmented from the NR capability enquiry to
streamline the process.
[0104] At S7, the UE [102] responds with the "UE Capability Information –
EUTRA: B3, B5 and B40", indicating its capabilities related to the EUTRA
30 technology. The segmentation of the NR and EUTRA enquiries allows for a more
27

reliable and efficient exchange of capability information, particularly in conditions where large message sizes could compromise transmission.
[0105] Moving on to S8, the gNodeB [104] compiles the received NR and EUTRA
5 capabilities of the UE [102] into a single message and sends this combined "UE
Capability Information Indication" over the NG interface to the AMF unit [106]. This step ensures that the AMF has the complete set of capabilities of the UE [102], which is necessary for comprehensive service provision and management.
10 [0106] It would be appreciated by the person skilled in the art that the sequence
diagram effectively illustrates the enhanced UE Capability Enquiry Procedure proposed by the invention, which is designed to overcome the challenges of the prior art by reducing delays due to message size, avoiding procedure waiting timer expiry, and ensuring successful registration even in poor RF conditions. The
15 enhancement ensures that the UE registration success rate is improved, leading to
better network performance and user satisfaction.
[0107] FIG. 4 depicts exemplary sequence diagram for UE capability enquiry flow
if no UE capability in ICS request, in accordance with exemplary implementations
20 of the present disclosure.
[0108] At S1A, the sequence begins with the AMF unit [106] sending an Initial
Context Setup Request to the gNodeB [104], signalling the start of the registration
process for the User Equipment (UE) [102], without including the UE capability
25 information. This initiates the registration accept process and is the first step in
establishing a user's context within the 5G network.
[0109] Following this, at S2A, the gNodeB [104] sends a Security Mode Command
to the UE [102], which is a part of the security procedures to ensure secure
30 communication between the UE [102] and the network.
28

[0110] At S3A, the UE [102] completes the security procedures by responding with
a Security Mode Complete message to the gNodeB [104], confirming that the
security techniques are now in effect and any subsequent communication will be
5 protected.
[0111] Moving on to S4A, the gNodeB [104] enquires about the UE's [102] NR (New Radio) capabilities by sending a UE Capability Enquiry (NR) message to the UE [102]. 10
[0112] At S5A, the UE [102] responds with the UE Capability Information message, detailing its NR capabilities back to the gNodeB [104].
[0113] At S6A, the gNodeB [104] then sends a UE Radio Capability Information
15 Indication to the AMF unit [106], informing the AMF of the UE’s NR capabilities,
which is a critical part of the context setup process as it determines the services and quality that can be provided to the UE [102].
[0114] Subsequently, at S7A, the gNodeB [104] sends an Initial Context Setup
20 Response to the AMF unit [106], indicating that the initial NR-related setup for the
UE [102] has been successfully completed.
[0115] At S8A, the Registration Accept message is sent from the gNodeB [104] to
the UE [102], indicating that the UE [102] has been successfully registered on the
25 network.
[0116] At S9A, the registration complete message is sent from the UE [102] to the gNodeB [104].
29

[0117] Moving forward to S10A, the gNodeB [104] and the AMF unit [106]
exchange messages to complete the registration process, indicated by Uplink NAS
Transport (Registration Complete) from the gNodeB [104] to the AMF unit [106].
The Uplink NAS (Non-Access Stratum) Transport refers to the transmission of
5 NAS messages from the User Equipment (UE) [102] to the core network, ensuring
that critical signalling and control information are conveyed reliably.
[0118] Then, at S11A, the gNodeB [104] initiates a UE Capability Enquiry
(Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (EUTRA)) to get the UE's capabilities
10 for the Evolved UTRA bands B3, B5, and B40.
[0119] At S12A, the UE [102] responds with its EUTRA capabilities to the gNodeB [104].
15 [0120] Finally, at S13A, the gNodeB [104] consolidates the NR and EUTRA
capability information and sends a UE Radio Capability Info Indication to the AMF unit [106], which contains the combined capabilities of the UE [102].
[0121] FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary sequence diagram for UE capability
20 procedure wait timer expiration flow, in accordance with exemplary
implementations of the present disclosure.
[0122] At S1B, the sequence initiates with the AMF unit [106] sending an Initial
Context Setup Request to the gNodeB [104]. This request is for the registration
25 acceptance of the UE [102], starting the registration procedure without the inclusion
of UE capability information, signalling the AMF’s intention to register the UE [102] but without knowledge of its radio capabilities.
30

[0123] Proceeding to S2B, the gNodeB [104] sends a Security Mode Command to the UE [102], which is a part of the security procedures to ensure the communication between the network and the UE [102] is secure.
5 [0124] At S3B, the UE [102] responds with a Security Mode Complete message
back to the gNodeB [104], which indicates that the UE [102] has successfully applied the security configurations required by the network.
[0125] Following this, at S4B, the gNodeB [104] requests the NR (New Radio)
10 capabilities of the UE [102] through a UE Radio Capability Enquiry (NR).
[0126] At S5B, the UE [102] responds to this enquiry with a UE Radio Capability Information message, which provides the gNodeB [104] with its NR capabilities.
15 [0127] At S6B, the gNodeB [104] then informs the AMF unit [106] of the UE’s
[102] NR capabilities by sending a UE Radio Capability Info Indication message.
[0128] Subsequently, at S7B, the gNodeB [104] sends an Initial Context Setup
Response back to the AMF unit [106], confirming that the UE’s [102] NR
20 capabilities have been successfully received and the context setup can proceed.
[0129] Moving on to S8B, the Registration Accept message is sent from the gNodeB [104] to the UE [102]. This message signifies that the UE [102] has been successfully registered on the network and can now receive services. 25
[0130] At S9B, the Registration Complete message is sent from the UE [102] to the gNodeB [104], concluding the registration procedure.
31

[0131] Proceeding to S10B, the gNodeB [104] receives an Uplink NAS Transport message from the UE [102], which contains a confirmation of the registration completion from the UE’s perspective.
5 [0132] At S11B, the gNodeB [104] starts the procedure for EUTRA capabilities
enquiry by sending a UE Radio Capability Enquiry (EUTRA) message to the UE [102]. This is to acquire the UE’s capabilities in EUTRA frequency bands.
[0133] Further, if the EUTRA capability is not received before the UE capability
10 enquiry timer expires, the gNodeB [104] will initiate a release procedure towards
the AMF unit [106] and trigger a Radio Resource Control (RRC) release towards the Distribution Unit (DU).
[0134] FIG. 6 illustrates exemplary sequence diagram where no UE capability
15 enquiry as ICS request contains NR+EUTRA info, in accordance with exemplary
implementations of the present disclosure.
[0135] At S1C, the process begins with the AMF unit [106] sending an Initial
Context Setup Request to the gNodeB [104], which already includes both the NR
20 and the EUTRA UE capability information. This indicates that the AMF unit [106]
is initiating the registration process with the full knowledge of the UE’s capabilities, allowing for a more streamlined setup.
[0136] Following this, at S2C, the gNodeB [104] communicates with the UE [102]
25 to establish a secure communication channel. The gNodeB [104] sends a Security
Mode Command to the UE [102], which is necessary to ensure that the ensuing communication is encrypted and secure.
32

[0137] At S3C, the UE [102] responds to the gNodeB [104] with a Security Mode Complete message, indicating that the security procedures have been successfully applied and the UE [102] is now operating in a secure mode.
5 [0138] The process culminates at S4C, where the gNodeB [104] sends an Initial
Context Setup Response back to the AMF unit [106]. This message confirms that the UE [102] has been successfully registered and secured, and no further capability enquiry is needed since the AMF unit [106] has already received the required capability information in the initial request. 10
[0139] FIG. 7 illustrates exemplary sequence diagram related to UE capability enquiry decision (based on ICS request content), in accordance with exemplary implementations of the present disclosure.
15 [0140] At S1D, the AMF unit [106] sends an Initial Context Setup Request to the
gNodeB [104]. This request includes only the NR UE radio capability information.
[0141] At S2D, the gNodeB [104] takes note of the NR UE radio capability information from the Initial Context Setup Request. 20
[0142] At S3D, A Security Mode Command is sent from the gNodeB [104] to the UE [102].
[0143] At S4D, the UE [102] responds to the gNodeB's [104] Security Mode
25 Command with a Security Mode Complete message. This step signifies that the
security protocols have been successfully negotiated and established.
[0144] At S5D, following the security mode completion, the gNodeB [104] initiates an enquiry for EUTRA capabilities towards the UE [102]. 30
33

[0145] At S6D, the UE [102] provides its EUTRA capability information back to the gNodeB [104] in response to the enquiry.
[0146] At S7D, the gNodeB [104] combines the NR and EUTRA capability
5 information received from the UE [102] into a single UE Radio Capability Info
Indication message and sends this to the AMF unit [106]. This combined capability information helps the AMF unit [106] in managing the UE's context with complete knowledge of its capabilities across both the NR and the EUTRA radio technologies.
10
[0147] FIG. 8 illustrates an exemplary detailed workflow for advanced and optimized UE Capability Enquiry enhancement for 5G user when UE registration procedure is in progress, in accordance with exemplary implementations of the present disclosure.
15
[0148] As illustrated in FIG. 8, the process begins, at step [802], when a User Equipment (UE) [102] is in the process of registering with a 5G network. Then, at step [804], an Initial Context Setup (ICS) Request is received by the gNodeB [104], which has been initiated by the Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF).
20 At this point, a series of decisions are made based on checking, at step [806], the
content of the ICS Request.
[0149] Then, checking at step [810], if the ICS Request contains UE capability
information for both the NR (New Radio) and the EUTRA (Evolved Universal
25 Terrestrial Radio Access), then, at step [812], the gNodeB [104] proceeds with the
UE registration procedure without initiating any further UE capability enquiry. This path indicates a streamlined process where all necessary information is already provided, allowing for a continuation of the registration without delay.
34

[0150] However, if the ICS Request contains only the NR capability information or
no UE capability information at all, further enquiry is needed. When only the NR
information is included, then at step [816], the gNodeB [104] will store this
information and trigger an EUTRA UE capability enquiry after sending, at step
5 [814], an initial context setup response. Upon receiving, at step [820], the EUTRA
UE capability information, the gNodeB [104] combines it with the stored NR information and sends a comprehensive UE capability indication for both NR and EUTRA to the AMF.
10 [0151] If no capability information is included, then at step 822, the gNodeB [104]
checks if the UE capability enquiry enhancement flag is enabled. If it is not, then at step [824], the gNodeB [104] initiates a UE Radio Capability Enquiry for both the NR and the EUTRA towards the UE [102]. If the enhancement is enabled, then at step [826], only a NR capability enquiry is initiated. Thereafter, at step [828], the
15 gNodeB stores and passes it as UE capability indication for both the NR and the
EUTRA to the AMF [106]. The diagram signifies the flexibility of the gNodeB [104] to adapt the enquiry process based on the configuration and the information initially provided by the AMF [106]. This flexibility is key to the enhanced procedure that aims to improve the UE registration success rate and the overall user
20 experience on the 5G network.
[0152] FIG. 9 illustrates an exemplary detailed workflow where the UE [102] is moved to another gNodeB [104] post registration procedure, in accordance with exemplary implementations of the present disclosure.
25
[0153] As illustrated in FIG. 9, the diagram depicts a scenario which begins, at step [902], when a User equipment (UE) [102] that is already registered with a 5G network (and only has NR capability information) undergoes a handover procedure. The process continues, at step [904], when an A3 measurement report is received
30 by the gNodeB [104] from the UE [102], which signals that the conditions are
35

favourable for the handover to a target gNodeB [104]. The A3 measurement report is a kind of measurement report which is received in an A3 event that occurs when a signal for neighbouring cell becomes better offset than the serving cell.
5 [0154] Then, at step [906], upon receiving this A3 report, initiating the handover
procedure for UE. For initiating the handover procedure for the UE [102], the gNodeB [104] determines, at step [908] whether an Xn connection (which is the interface between gNodeBs in 5G networks) to the target gNodeB [104] is available. If the Xn connection exists, then at step [910], the Xn-based handover is
10 initiated, and the UE's NR capability information is passed to the target gNodeB
[104]. The Xn interface is an interface used for communication between one or more network nodes such as one or more base stations. For example, particularly in 5GC network, the Xn interface is an interface between two different gNBs. The Xn-based handover is the handover which is done using the Xn interface.
15
[0155] If no Xn connection is available, then at step [912], the gNodeB [104] initiates an NG-based handover to the target gNodeB [104] via the AMF, again passing the UE's NR capability information. This NG interface is the connection between the gNodeB [104] and the AMF in the 5G core network, providing a
20 different path for the handover if the direct Xn connection isn't up. The Ng interface
refers to an interface used for communication between the one or more network nodes such as the one or more base stations and the AMF unit [106]. For example, particularly in the 5GC network, the Xn interface is an interface between the two different gNBs.
25
[0156] Then at step [914], following a successful handover, the target gNodeB [104], now responsible for the UE [102], initiates a UE Radio Capability Enquiry for the EUTRA. This step is crucial as the initial registration only accounted for the NR capabilities, and the network now requires information on the UE's capabilities
30 concerning the EUTRA to provide comprehensive network services.
36

[0157] Thereafter, at step [916], when the target gNodeB [104] receives the UE's
EUTRA Radio Capability Information, it stores this new data and sends a combined
UE capability indication for both the NR and the EUTRA back to the AMF [106].
5 This completes the enhanced UE capability enquiry process, ensuring that the AMF
[106] has full and updated capability information post-handover, allowing for better resource allocation and service provision for the UE [102] in the new network environment.
10 [0158] FIG. 10 illustrates an exemplary method diagram indicating the process for
managing capability information of a user equipment (UE) [102] in a wireless communication network, in accordance with exemplary implementations of the present disclosure. In an implementation the method [1000] is performed by the system [200]. As shown in FIG. 10, the method [1000] starts at step [1002]. The
15 managing capability information refers to the management of the information
related to capabilities of the user equipment which is going to be connected to the wireless communication network. The capability information may refer to the information associated with one or more capabilities of the UE to connect with 5G network and 4G network, and may also comprise capabilities of connecting with
20 newer communication technologies. The wireless communication network refers to
the radio access network for different generation of telecommunication technology.
[0159] At step [1004], the method [1000] as disclosed by the present disclosure comprises receiving a registration request by a transceiver unit [204] at the network
25 node [104] (also referred to as the base station or the gNodeB [104]) from an Access
and Mobility Management Function (AMF) unit [106]. The transceiver unit [204] may be a unit capable of reception and data transmission of data or may also be a processor capable of performing transmission and reception of data. The analysis unit [206] may be a unit capable of performing analysis by processing data, the
30 analysis unit [206] may also be a processor capable of performing analysis of data.
37

The registration request may be a request for registration of the UE [102] within the
wireless communication network. In another implementation of the present
disclosure the registration request may be an initial context setup (ICS) request,
wherein the ICS request is independent of one or more UE capabilities. The ICS
5 request may be a request for registration of the UE [102] within the wireless
communication network. The one or more UE capabilities may refer to at least the
capabilities of the UE [102] to connect to the 4G networks or the 5G networks. For
example, the one or more UE capabilities may be a capability of the UE [102] to
connect with the 5G network via the New Radio telecommunication technology. In
10 another example, the one or more UE capabilities may be a capability of the UE
[102] to connect with the 4G network via the Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (EUTRA) technology.
[0160] In an exemplary implementation of the present disclosure, the registration
15 request may be an initial context setup (ICS) request. The Initial Context Setup
establishes the necessary overall initial UE context at the next generation radio access networks (NG-RAN) node (such as 5G NR), when required, including the PDU session context, the Security Key, Mobility Restriction List, UE Radio Capability and UE Security Capabilities, etc. In an exemplary implementation of
20 the present disclosure, the method further comprises establishing a secure
connection between the gNodeB [104] and the UE [102] based on at least one secure protocol. In an exemplary implementation of the present disclosure, the method further comprises receiving a measurement report from the UE [102] by the gNodeB [104] and initiating a handover procedure by the gNodeB [104] based at
25 least on the received measurement report. The handover procedure or the handover
is a process of transferring an ongoing call or data session from one channel connected to the core network to another channel, or specifically in this case refers to the transferring between one type of RAN to another type of RAN. The at least one secure protocol may refer to any protocol used for encryption/ decryption used
30 for ciphering/deciphering and verifying the integrity for signalling messages
38

between one or more network nodes (such as base stations) and the user equipment [102].
[0161] In an exemplary implementation of the present disclosure, the method
5 further comprises determining whether a secure connection is established with the
UE [102] by the gNodeB [104] based at least on a first interface. The method further comprises upon determining that the secure connection is established with the UE [102] based at least on the first interface. The method further comprises initiating a handover by the gNodeB [104] based at least on the first interface. The method
10 further comprises upon determining that the secure connection is not established
with the UE [102] based at least on the first interface. The method further comprises initiating the handover based at least on a second interface by the gNodeB [104]. The method further comprises sending the second UE capability enquiry request to the UE [102] by the gNodeB [104].
15
[0162] In an exemplary implementation of the present disclosure, the first interface is an Xn interface. The Xn interface supports the exchange of signalling information between two NG-RAN nodes, and the forwarding of PDUs to the respective tunnel endpoints; - from a logical standpoint, the Xn interface is a point-to-point interface
20 between two NG-RAN nodes. The Xn interface is an interface used for
communication between one or more network nodes such as one or more base stations. For example, particularly in 5GC network, the Xn interface is an interface between two different gNBs.
25 [0163] In an exemplary implementation of the present disclosure, the second
interface is Ng interface. The Ng (Next Generation) interface refers to the interface between the Next Generation Core (NGC) and the Radio Access Network (RAN). The Ng interface refers to an interface used for communication between one or more network nodes such as one or more base stations and the AMF unit [106]. For
39

example, particularly in 5GC network, the Xn interface is an interface between two different gNBs.
[0164] Next, at step [1006], the method [1000] as disclosed by the present
5 disclosure comprises sending a first UE capability enquiry request by the gNodeB
[104] to the UE [102]. The first UE capability enquiry request to the UE [102] refers
to the request for enquiring the capabilities of the UE [102]. The capabilities of the
UE [102] may be the capabilities to connect to the different network technologies
and capabilities in terms of processing data for connecting with the newer
10 generation of technology. In another implementation of the present invention, the
first UE capability enquiry request may comprise a new radio (NR) request seeking information related to the enquiry related to the capabilities of connecting to the 5G New Radio (NR).
15 [0165] In an exemplary implementation of the present disclosure, the first UE
capability enquiry request is a New Radio (NR) request.
[0166] Next, at step [1008], the method [1000] as disclosed by the present disclosure comprises receiving a first UE capability response by the transceiver unit
20 [204] at the network node (such as gNodeB [104]) in response to the first UE
capability enquiry request. The first UE capability response is the response which comprises the details related to the capabilities of the UE [102]. The first UE capability response may comprise information related to capabilities of the UE [102] to connect to the 5G NR. The NR may be referred to as the 5G core network
25 technology.
[0167] In another implementation of the present invention, upon receiving the first
UE capability response, the transceiver unit [204] may also be further configured
to transmit at the network node [104], a registration response to the AMF unit [106]
30 in response to the registration request to complete a UE registration procedure. The
40

registration response may be the response giving information that the UE
registration procedure is completed. The UE registration procedure is completed
based on receiving the first UE capability response from the UE [102] and
transmitting the first UE capability response to the AMF unit [106]. The registration
5 response may be the response stating that the UE [102] has been successfully
registered or not registered with the wireless communication networks. For example, if the UE [102] is capable of connecting to the 5G network, then it may send that the UE [102] has been connected with the 5G networks.
10 [0168] Next, at step [1010], the method [900] as disclosed by the present disclosure
comprises sending a second UE capability enquiry request by the transceiver unit [204] at the network node (gNodeB [104]) to the UE [102]. The second UE capability enquiry request refers to the request seeking information related to the capabilities of the UE [102]. The second UE capability enquiry request may be
15 specifically an Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (EUTRA) request
seeking capabilities of the UE [102] for connecting with the EUTRA. The EUTRA may also be referred as the 4G network technologies.
[0169] In an exemplary implementation of the present disclosure, the second UE
20 capability enquiry request is an Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access
(EUTRA) request.
[0170] Next, at step [1012], the method [1000] as disclosed by the present
disclosure comprises receiving a second UE capability response by the gNodeB
25 [104] in response to the second UE capability enquiry request. The second UE
capability response comprises the information related to capability of connecting with the EUTRA or 4G network technology.
41

[0171] In another implementation of the present disclosure, the second UE capability enquiry request is sent to the UE [102] after completing the UE registration procedure.
5 [0172] In an exemplary implementation of the present disclosure, the method
further comprises initiating a predefined timer by the gNodeB [104] upon sending
the second UE capability enquiry request. The predefined timer may be a timer or
a countdown which runs for a specified or predefined time period. The method
further comprises releasing the UE [102] from the wireless communication network
10 by the gNodeB [104] in case the predefined timer expires before receipt of the
second UE capability response. The method further comprises re-initiating the registration request by the gNodeB [104].
[0173] Next, at step [1014], the method [1000] as disclosed by the present
15 disclosure comprises transmitting a response message by the gNodeB [104]. It is
important to note that the response message comprises a combination of the first
UE capability response and the second UE capability response to the AMF unit
[106]. In an exemplary implementation of the present disclosure, the method further
comprises transmitting a registration response to the AMF unit [106] by the gNodeB
20 [104] in response to the registration request upon receiving the first UE capability
response.
[0174] The present disclosure further discloses establishing a Packet Data Unit
(PDU) session between the UE [102] and the AMF unit [106] by the gNodeB [104]
25 based at least on the response message.
[0175] Thereafter, the method terminates at step [1016].
[0176] FIG. 11 illustrates an exemplary block diagram of a computing device
30 [1100] (or referred to herein as a computer system [1100]) upon which the features
42

of the present disclosure may be implemented in accordance with exemplary
implementation of the present disclosure. In an implementation, the computing
device [1100] may also implement a system [200] for managing capability
information for a user equipment (UE) [102] in a wireless communication network
5 by utilising the system [200]. In another implementation, the computing device
[1100] itself implements the system [200] for managing capability information for
the user equipment (UE) [102] in the wireless communication network using one
or more units configured within the computing device [1100], wherein said one or
more units are capable of implementing the features as disclosed in the present
10 disclosure.
[0177] The computing device [1100] may include a bus [1102] or other communication mechanism for communicating information, and a processor [1104] coupled with bus [1102] for processing information. The processor [1104] may be,
15 for example, a general-purpose microprocessor. The computing device [1100] may
also include a main memory [1106], such as a random-access memory (RAM), or other dynamic storage device, coupled to the bus [1102] for storing information and instructions to be executed by the processor [1104]. The main memory [1106] also may be used for storing temporary variables or other intermediate information
20 during execution of the instructions to be executed by the processor [1104]. Such
instructions, when stored in non-transitory storage media accessible to the processor [1104], render the computing device [1100] into a special-purpose machine that is customized to perform the operations specified in the instructions. The computing device [1100] further includes a read only memory (ROM) [1108] or other static
25 storage device coupled to the bus [1102] for storing static information and
instructions for the processor [1104].
[0178] A storage device [1110], such as a magnetic disk, optical disk, or solid-state
drive is provided and coupled to the bus [1102] for storing information and
30 instructions. The computing device [1100] may be coupled via the bus [1102] to a
43

display [1112], such as a cathode ray tube (CRT), Liquid crystal Display (LCD),
Light Emitting Diode (LED) display, Organic LED (OLED) display, etc. for
displaying information to a computer user. An input device [1114], including
alphanumeric and other keys, touch screen input means, etc. may be coupled to the
5 bus [1102] for communicating information and command selections to the
processor [1104]. Another type of user input device may be a cursor controller
[1116], such as a mouse, a trackball, or cursor direction keys, for communicating
direction information and command selections to the processor [1104], and for
controlling cursor movement on the display [1112]. The input device typically has
10 two degrees of freedom in two axes, a first axis (e.g., x) and a second axis (e.g., y),
that allow the device to specify positions in a plane.
[0179] The computing device [1100] may implement the techniques described herein using customized hard-wired logic, one or more ASICs or FPGAs, firmware,
15 and/or program logic which in combination with the computing device [1100]
causes or programs the computing device [1100] to be a special-purpose machine. According to one implementation, the techniques herein are performed by the computing device [1100] in response to the processor [1104] executing one or more sequences of one or more instructions contained in the main memory [1106]. Such
20 instructions may be read into the main memory [1106] from another storage
medium, such as the storage device [1110]. Execution of the sequences of instructions contained in the main memory [1106] causes the processor [1104] to perform the process steps described herein. In alternative implementations of the present disclosure, hard-wired circuitry may be used in place of or in combination
25 with software instructions.
[0180] The computing device [1100] also may include a communication interface
[1118] coupled to the bus [1102]. The communication interface [1118] provides a
two-way data communication coupling to a network link [1120] that is connected
30 to a local network [1122]. For example, the communication interface [1118] may
44

be an integrated services digital network (ISDN) card, cable modem, satellite modem, or a modem to provide a data communication connection to a corresponding type of telephone line. As another example, the communication interface [1118] may be a local area network (LAN) card to provide a data communication connection to a compatible LAN. Wireless links may also be implemented. In any such implementation, the communication interface [1118] sends and receives electrical, electromagnetic, or optical signals that carry digital data streams representing various types of information.
[0181] The computing device [1100] can send messages and receive data, including program code, through the network(s), the network link [1120] and the communication interface [1118]. In the Internet example, a server [1130] might transmit a requested code for an application program through the Internet [1128], the ISP [1126], the host [1124], the local network [1122] and the communication interface [1118]. The received code may be executed by the processor [1104] as it is received, and/or stored in the storage device [1110], or other non-volatile storage for later execution.
[0182] The present disclosure further discloses a User Equipment (UE) [102] comprises a memory and a processor coupled to the memory. The processor is configured to receive a first UE capability enquiry request from a network node [104]. The network node is to send the first UE capability enquiry request to the UE pursuant to receiving a registration request from an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) unit [106]. The processor is further configured to send a first UE capability response to the network node [104] in response to the first UE capability enquiry request. The processor is further configured to receive a second UE capability enquiry request from the network node [104]. Then in response to the second UE capability enquiry request, the processor is further configured to send a second UE capability response to the network node [104]. The first UE capability response and the second UE capability response are to cause the

network node [104] to manage the capability information of the UE [102] based on transmitting, by the network node [104] to the AMF unit [106], a response message comprising a combination of the first UE capability response and the second UE capability response on receiving the first UE capability response and the second UE capability response from the UE [102].
[0183] The present disclosure further discloses a non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing one or more instructions for managing capability information for a user equipment (UE) [102], the one or more instructions comprising executable code which, when executed by one or more units of a system, causes the one or more units to perform certain functions. The instruction when executed causes a transceiver unit [204], at a network node [104], to receive a registration request from an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) unit [106]. The instruction when executed further causes the transceiver unit [204], at the network node [104], to send a first UE capability enquiry request. The instruction when executed further causes the transceiver unit [204], at the network node [104], to receive a first UE capability response in response to the first UE capability enquiry request. The instruction when executed further causes the transceiver unit [204], at the network node [104], to send a second UE capability enquiry request to the UE. The instruction when executed further causes the transceiver unit [204], at the network node [104], to receive a second UE capability response in response to the second UE capability enquiry request. The instruction when executed further causes the transceiver unit [204], at the network node [104], to transmit a response message, wherein the response message comprises a combination of the first UE capability response and the second UE capability response to the AMF unit [106].
[0184] As is evident from the above, the present disclosure provides a technically advanced solution for providing UE Capability Enquiry Procedure Enhancements. In an implementation of the present disclosure, the solution may be related to field

of 5G SA cellular technology and provides set of steps considered in the view of users or UEs which are not able to register to the 5G network and for the user which is mobile and entering the location where 5G coverage is poor. Also, set of steps disclosed in the present disclosure help the network operator to improve the UE registration success rate and resulting in improved user experience. Particularly, the present disclosure provides a solution that 1) provides enhanced and optimized registration techniques for UEs in 5G networks, 2) is faster and more reliable UE registration process, 3) reduces overall latency in the networks, and 4) provides a smaller number of UE registration failures. Moreover, to provide best UE registration success rate to all kind of UEs available in the market the present solution may be very useful and may help in improving overall user experience. Also, the present solution helps and guarantees the best possible services in the market and increases the registration success rate for different available UEs, which may lead to best services and RPU (Revenue per user).
[0185] While considerable emphasis has been placed herein on the disclosed implementations, it will be appreciated that many implementations can be made and that many changes can be made to the implementations without departing from the principles of the present disclosure. These and other changes in the implementations of the present disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art, whereby it is to be understood that the foregoing descriptive matter to be implemented is illustrative and non-limiting.
[0186] Further, in accordance with the present disclosure, it is to be acknowledged that the functionality described for the various components/units can be implemented interchangeably. While specific embodiments may disclose a particular functionality of these units for clarity, it is recognized that various configurations and combinations thereof are within the scope of the disclosure. The functionality of specific units as disclosed in the disclosure should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present disclosure. Consequently, alternative

arrangements and substitutions of units, provided they achieve the intended functionality described herein, are considered to be encompassed within the scope of the present disclosure.

We Claim
1. A method [1000] for managing capability information for a user equipment
(UE) [102] in a wireless communication network, comprising:
- receiving, by a transceiver unit [204] at a network node [104], a registration request from an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) unit [106];
- sending, by the transceiver unit [204] at the network node [104], a first UE capability enquiry request to the UE [102];
- in response to the first UE capability enquiry request, receiving, by the transceiver unit [204] at the network node [104], a first UE capability response;
- sending, by the transceiver unit [204] at the network node [104], a second UE capability enquiry request to the UE [102];
- in response to the second UE capability enquiry request, receiving, by the transceiver unit [204] at the network node [104], a second UE capability response; and
- transmitting, by the transceiver unit [204] at the network node [104], a response message comprising a combination of the first UE capability response and the second UE capability response to the AMF unit [106].

2. The method as claimed in claim 1 comprising establishing, by the transceiver unit [204] at the network node [104], a Packet Data Unit (PDU) session between the UE [102] and the AMF unit [106] based at least on the response message.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the network node [104] is a gNodeB.

4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the registration request is an initial context setup (ICS) request, wherein the ICS request is independent of one or more UE capabilities.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising establishing a secure connection between the network node [104] and the UE [102] based on at least one secure protocol.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein upon receiving the first UE capability response, the method further comprises transmitting, by the transceiver unit [204] at the network node [104], a registration response to the AMF unit [106] in response to the registration request to complete a UE registration procedure.
7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the second UE capability enquiry request is sent to the UE after completing the UE registration procedure, the UE registration procedure is completed based on:
receiving the first UE capability response from the UE [102]; and transmitting the first UE capability response to the AMF unit [106].
8. The method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
- initiating, by an analysis unit [206] at the network node [104], a predefined timer upon sending the second UE capability enquiry request;
- in case the predefined timer expires before receipt of the second UE capability response, releasing, by the analysis unit [206] at the network node [104], the UE [102] from the wireless communication network; and

- re-initiating, by the analysis unit [206] at the network node [104], the
registration request.
9. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first UE capability enquiry request is a New Radio (NR) request.
10. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second UE capability enquiry request is an Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (EUTRA) request.
11. The method as claimed in claim 8, further comprising:

- receiving, by the transceiver unit [204] at the network node [104], a measurement report from the UE [102]; and
- initiating, by the analysis unit [206] at the network node [104], a handover procedure based at least on the received measurement report.
12. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein upon successful initiation of
the handover procedure, the method further comprises:
- determining, by the analysis unit [206] at the network node [104], whether a secure connection is established with the UE [102] based at least on a first interface;
- upon determining that the secure connection is established with the UE [102] based at least on the first interface, initiating, by the analysis unit [206] at the network node [104], a handover based at least on the first interface;
- upon determining that the secure connection is not established with the UE [102] based at least on the first interface, initiating, by the analysis unit ]206] at the network node [104], a handover based at least on a second interface; and

- sending, by the transceiver unit [204] at the network node [104], the
second UE capability enquiry request to the UE [102].
13. The method as claimed in claim 12, wherein the first interface is an Xn interface.
14. The method as claimed in claim 12, wherein the second interface is an Ng interface.
15. A system [200] for managing capability information for a user equipment (UE) [102] in a wireless communication network, the system [200] comprising:
- a network node [104], the network node [104] comprising a transceiver
unit [204] configured to:
receive a registration request from an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) unit [106];
send a first UE capability enquiry request to the UE [102];
in response to the first UE capability enquiry request, receive a first UE capability response;
send a second UE capability enquiry request to the UE [102];
in response to the second UE capability enquiry request, receive a second UE capability response; and
transmit a response message comprising a combination of the first UE capability response and the second UE capability response to the AMF unit [106].
16. The system [200] as claimed in claim 15, wherein the transceiver unit [204]
is further configured to establish a Packet Data Unit (PDU) session between
the UE [102] and the AMF unit [106] based at least on the response
message.

17. The system [200] as claimed in claim 15, wherein the registration request is an initial context setup (ICS) request, wherein the ICS request is independent of one or more UE capabilities.
18. The system [200] as claimed in claim 15, wherein the network node [104] is a gNodeB.
19. The system [200] as claimed in claim 15, wherein upon receipt of the first UE capability response, the transceiver unit [204] is further configured to transmit a registration response to the AMF unit [106] in response to the registration request to complete a UE registration procedure.
20. The system as claimed in claim 19, wherein the second UE capability enquiry request is sent to the UE [102] after completing the UE registration procedure, the UE registration procedure is completed based on:
receipt of the first UE capability response from the UE [102]; and transmission of the first UE capability response to the AMF unit [106].
21. The system [200] as claimed in claim 18, further comprising establishing a secure connection between the gNodeB and the UE [102] based on at least one secure protocol.
22. The system [200] as claimed in claim 15, wherein the network node [104] comprises an analysis unit [206] connected to the transceiver unit [104], the analysis unit being configured to:
- initiate at the network node [104], a predefined timer upon sending the second UE capability enquiry request;

- in case the predefined timer expires before receipt of the second UE capability response, release at the network node [104], the UE [102] from the wireless communication network; and
- re-initiate at the network node [104], the registration request.

23. The system [200] as claimed in claim 15, wherein the first UE capability enquiry request is a New Radio (NR) request.
24. The system [200] as claimed in claim 15, wherein the second UE capability enquiry request is an Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (EUTRA) request.
25. The system [200] as claimed in claim 15, wherein the transceiver unit [204] is further configured to receive at the network node [104], a measurement report from the UE [102]; and wherein an analysis unit [206] is configured to initiate, at the network node [104], a handover procedure based at least on the received measurement report.
26. The system [200] as claimed in claim 25, wherein upon successful initiation of the handover procedure, the analysis unit [206] is further configured to:

- determine at the network node [104], whether a secure connection is established with the UE [102] based at least on a first interface,
- upon determining that the secure connection is established with the UE [102] based at least on the first interface, initiate, at the network node [104], a handover based at least on the first interface,
- upon determining that the secure connection is not established with the UE [102] based at least on the first interface, initiate, at the network node [104], a handover based at least on a second interface; and

wherein the transceiver unit [204] is further configured to send, at the network node [104], the second UE capability enquiry request to the UE [102].
27. The system [200] as claimed in claim 26, wherein the first interface is an Xn interface.
28. The system [200] as claimed in claim 26, wherein the second interface is an Ng interface.
29. A User Equipment (UE) [102] comprising:
a memory; and
a processor coupled to the memory, the processor being configured to:
receive a first UE capability enquiry request from a network node [104], wherein the network node [104] is to send the first UE capability enquiry request to the UE pursuant to receiving a registration request from an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) unit [106];
in response to the first UE capability enquiry request, send a first UE capability response to the network node [104];
receive a second UE capability enquiry request from the network node [104]; and
in response to the second UE capability enquiry request, send a second UE capability response to the network node [104];
wherein the first UE capability response and the second UE capability response are to cause the network node [104] to manage a capability information of the UE [102] based on:
on receiving the first UE capability response and the second UE capability response from the UE [102], transmitting, by the network node [104] to the AMF unit [106], a response message comprising a combination of the

first UE capability response and the second UE capability response.