FORM 2
THE PATENTS ACT, 1970 (39 OF 1970) & THE PATENT RULES, 2003
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(See section 10 and rule 13)
“METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR HANDLING A MESSAGE
TRAFFIC”
We, Jio Platforms Limited, an Indian National, of Office - 101, Saffron, Nr. Centre Point, Panchwati 5 Rasta, Ambawadi, Ahmedabad - 380006, Gujarat, India.
The following specification particularly describes the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed.

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR HANDLING A MESSAGE TRAFFIC
FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE
5 [001] The present disclosure relates generally to the field of communication network.
More particularly, the present disclosure relates to methods and systems for handling a message traffic based on a location in a cellular communication network.
BACKGROUND
10
[002] The following description of related art is intended to provide background information pertaining to the field of the disclosure. This section may include certain aspects of the art that may be related to various features of the present disclosure. However, it should be appreciated that this section be used only to enhance the understanding of the
15 reader with respect to the present disclosure, and not as admissions of prior art.
[003] Wireless communication technology has rapidly evolved over the past few decades, with each generation bringing significant improvements and advancements. The first generation of wireless communication technology was based on analog technology
20 and offered only voice services. However, with the advent of the second-generation (2G)
technology, digital communication and data services became possible, and text messaging was introduced. The third-generation (3G) technology marked the introduction of high¬speed internet access, mobile video calling, and location-based services. The fourth-generation (4G) technology revolutionized wireless communication with faster data
25 speeds, better network coverage, and improved security. Currently, the fifth-generation
(5G) technology is being deployed, promising even faster data speeds, low latency, and the ability to connect multiple devices simultaneously. With each generation, wireless communication technology has become more advanced, sophisticated, and capable of delivering more services to its users.
30
[004] Nowadays, telecom operators are working hard to enhance the network capabilities and to efficiently handle the messaging or Short Message Service (SMS) in Long-Term Evolution (LTE) and 5th Generation (5G) networks. In general, the major task of routing
2

the messages is performed via Mobile Application Part (MAP) protocol in a
communication network. The routing process begins when a sender initiates a message.
The sender's device communicates with the nearest network node, such as a base station or
cell tower. Subsequently, this node forwards the message to an appropriate network
5 gateway. From there, the message traverses through various network elements, including
routers, switches, and servers. These elements utilize one or more routing tables based on the MAP protocol to determine the optimal path for message transmission. However, due to the increase in the number of mobile users and traffic, routing the messages on a single protocol leads to an inefficient handling of traffic which results in delay in transmission of
10 message or failure of the delivery of messages to the end users. Additionally, the delays in
the transmission of message within LTE and 5G networks arise from a plurality of factors such as inefficient routing table lookup processes, packet loss from a network congestion or one or more equipment issues, processing one or more delays at network elements, handover of one or more delays during one or more mobile device transitions between one
15 or more cells, protocol overhead adding to one or more transmission times, and limitations
in backhaul capacity.
[005] Hence, in view of these and other existing limitations, there arises an imperative
need to provide an efficient solution to overcome the above-mentioned limitations and to
20 provide a method and system to allow efficient and quick handling of message related
traffic in Radio Access Network such as 4G or 5G network.
OBJECTS OF THE DISCLOSURE
25 [006] Some of the objects of the present disclosure, which at-least one implementation
disclosed herein satisfies are listed herein below.
[007] It is an object of the present disclosure to provide a system and a method for
efficient handling of message traffic based on location (local or international location) of
30 the user.
[008] It is another object of the present disclosure to provide a system and a method for distributing the traffic on at-least two protocols considering the location of the user.
3

[009] It is another object of the present disclosure to provide a system and method to ensure that one or more messages are transmitted effectively and promptly from a first user equipment (UE) to a second UE within a network. 5
[0010] It is another object of the present disclosure to provide a system and method to dynamically select a most suitable protocol from a plurality of protocols for message transmission, based on the determined location of the second UE.
10 [0011] It is another object of the present disclosure to provide a system and method to
devise an optimized routing strategy that leverages the determined location of the second UE to route the one or more messages efficiently, minimizing latency and network congestion.
15 [0012] Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide a system and method to
enhance overall network performance by ensuring timely delivery of one or more messages, reducing one or more message transmission delays, and optimizing resource utilization based on the location-aware routing approach.
20 SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0013] This section is provided to introduce certain implementations of the present
disclosure in a simplified form that are further described below in the detailed description.
This summary is not intended to identify the key features or the scope of the claimed subject
25 matter.
[0014] An aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method for handling a message
traffic. The method comprises receiving, by a transceiver unit of a network node, one or
more messages from a first user equipment (UE) for transmission to a second UE. The
30 method comprises determining, by a determination unit of the network node, a set of data
associated with the second UE, wherein the set of data comprises a location of the second UE. The method comprises routing, by a routing unit of the network node, the one or more messages using a protocol from a plurality of protocols for the transmission of the one or
4

more messages to the second UE, wherein the protocol is determined based on the location of the second UE.
[0015] In an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the one or more messages are
5 routed using a Mobile Application Part (MAP) protocol in an event when the location of
the second UE is determined as a local location.
[0016] In an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the one or more messages are
routed using a short message peer to peer protocol (SMPP) in an event when the location
10 of the UE is determined as an international location.
[0017] In an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the location of the second UE is determined by checking a country code of a recipient from the one or more messages.
15 [0018] In an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the network node is an IP Short
Message Gateway (IP SMGW).
[0019] In an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the method comprises sending,
by a transceiver unit of the network node, a Mobile Number Portability (MNP) request and
20 a charging request upon receiving the one or more messages by the network node.
[0020] In an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the method further comprises determining, by a determination unit, the location of the second UE upon receiving a successful response to the MNP request and to the charging request.
25
[0021] Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a system for handling a message traffic. The system comprising a transceiver unit, configured to receive one or more messages from a first user equipment (UE) for transmission to a second UE. The system further comprises a determination unit connected at least with the transceiver unit,
30 configured to determine a set of data associated with the second UE, wherein the set of data
comprises a location of the second UE. The system further comprises a routing unit connected at least with the determination unit, configured to route the one or more messages using a protocol from a plurality of protocols for the transmission of the one or
5

more messages to the second UE, wherein the protocol is determined based on the location of the second UE.
[0022] Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a user equipment (UE) for
5 handling a message traffic. The UE comprises a memory, a processor coupled to the
memory, and a transceiver unit coupled to the memory and the processor. The transceiver unit is configured to transmit one or more messages for transmission to a second UE. The transceiver unit is configured to transmit the one or more messages which are routed using a protocol from a plurality of protocols for the transmission of the one or more messages
10 to the second UE, wherein the protocol is determined based on the location of the second
UE via a system. The system comprises a transceiver unit, configured to receive the one or more messages from a first user equipment (UE) for transmission to a second UE. The system comprises a determination unit configured to determine a set of data associated with the second UE, wherein the set of data comprises a location of the second UE. The system
15 comprise a routing unit configured to route the one or more messages using the protocol
from the plurality of protocols for the transmission of the one or more messages to the second UE, wherein the protocol is determined based on the location of the second UE.
[0023] Yet another aspect of the present disclosure may relate to a non-transitory computer
20 readable storage medium storing instructions for handling message traffic. The instructions
include an executable code which, when executed by one or more units of a system, causes
a transceiver unit to receive one or more messages from a first user equipment (UE) for
transmission to a second UE, a determination unit to determine a set of data associated with
the second UE, wherein the set of data comprises a location of the second UE; and a routing
25 unit to route the one or more messages using a protocol from plurality of protocols for the
transmission of the one or more messages to the second UE, wherein the protocol is determined based on the location of the second UE.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
30
[0024] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein, and constitute a part of this disclosure, illustrate exemplary implementations of the disclosed methods and systems in which like reference numerals refer to the same parts throughout the different
6

drawings. Components in the drawings are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being
placed upon clearly illustrating the principles of the present disclosure. Some drawings may
indicate the components using block diagrams and may not represent the internal circuitry
of each component. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that disclosure of such
5 drawings includes disclosure of electrical components, electronic components or circuitry
commonly used to implement such components.
[0025] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary block diagram [100] representation of a 5th generation core (5GC) network architecture. 10
[0026] FIG.2 illustrates an exemplary block diagram of a system [200] for handling a message traffic, in accordance with exemplary implementations of the present disclosure.
[0027] FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary flow diagram illustrating a method [300] for
15 handling message traffic, in accordance with exemplary implementations of the present
disclosure.
[0028] FIG.4A illustrates an exemplary signal flow diagram [400] for routing of messages
when messages are shared to an international location, in accordance with exemplary
20 implementations of the present disclosure.
[0029] FIG.4B illustrates an exemplary signal flow diagram [400’] for routing of messages when messages are shared to a local location, in accordance with exemplary implementations of the present disclosure. 25
[0030] FIG.5 illustrates an exemplary architecture diagram [500] of IPSMGW, in which the system for optimising a short message service (SMS) is built, in accordance with exemplary implementations of the present disclosure.
30 [0031] FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary block diagram of a computing device [1000] upon
which the present disclosure may be implemented.
7

[0032] The foregoing shall be more apparent from the following more detailed description of the disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
5
[0033] In the following description, for the purposes of explanation, various specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of implementations of the present disclosure. It will be apparent, however, that implementations of the present disclosure may be practiced without these specific details. Several features described
10 hereafter can each be used independently of one another or with any combination of other
features. An individual feature may not address any of the problems discussed above or might address only some of the problems discussed above. Some of the problems discussed above might not be fully addressed by any of the features described herein. Example implementations of the present disclosure are described below, as illustrated in various
15 drawings in which like reference numerals refer to the same parts throughout the different
drawings.
[0034] The ensuing description provides exemplary implementations only, and is not
intended to limit the scope, applicability, or configuration of the disclosure. Rather, the
20 ensuing description of the exemplary implementations will provide those skilled in the art
with an enabling description for implementing an exemplary implementation. It should be understood that various changes may be made in the function and arrangement of elements without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure as set forth.
25 [0035] It should be noted that the terms "mobile device", "user equipment", "user device",
“communication device”, “device” and similar terms are used interchangeably for the purpose of describing the disclosure. These terms are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure or imply any specific functionality or limitations on the described implementations. The use of these terms is solely for convenience and clarity of
30 description. The disclosure is not limited to any particular type of device or equipment, and
it should be understood that other equivalent terms or variations thereof may be used interchangeably without departing from the scope of the disclosure as defined herein.
8

[0036] Specific details are given in the following description to provide a thorough
understanding of the implementations. However, it will be understood by one of ordinary
skill in the art that the implementations may be practiced without these specific details. For
example, circuits, systems, networks, processes, and other components may be shown as
5 components in block diagram form in order not to obscure the implementations in
unnecessary detail. In other instances, well-known circuits, processes, algorithms, structures, and techniques may be shown without unnecessary detail in order to avoid obscuring the implementations.
10 [0037] Also, it is noted that individual implementations may be described as a process
which is depicted as a flowchart, a flow diagram, a data flow diagram, a structure diagram, or a block diagram. Although a flowchart may describe the operations as a sequential process, many of the operations can be performed in parallel or concurrently. In addition, the order of the operations may be re-arranged. A process is terminated when its operations
15 are completed but could have additional steps not included in a figure.
[0038] The word “exemplary” and/or “demonstrative” is used herein to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. For the avoidance of doubt, the subject matter disclosed herein is not limited by such examples. In addition, any aspect or design described
20 herein as “exemplary” and/or “demonstrative” is not necessarily to be construed as
preferred or advantageous over other aspects or designs, nor is it meant to preclude equivalent exemplary structures and techniques known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Furthermore, to the extent that the terms “includes,” “has,” “contains,” and other similar words are used in either the detailed description or the claims, such terms are intended to
25 be inclusive—in a manner similar to the term “comprising” as an open transition word—
without precluding any additional or other elements.
[0039] As used herein, an “electronic device”, or “portable electronic device”, or “user
device” or “communication device” or “user equipment” or “device” refers to any
30 electrical, electronic, electromechanical and computing device. The user device is capable
of receiving and/or transmitting one or parameters, performing function/s, communicating with other user devices and transmitting data to the other user devices. The user equipment may have a processor, a display, a memory, a battery and an input-means such as a hard
9

keypad and/or a soft keypad. The user equipment may be capable of operating on any radio
access technology including but not limited to IP-enabled communication, Zig Bee,
Bluetooth, Bluetooth Low Energy, Near Field Communication, Z-Wave, Wi-Fi, Wi-Fi
direct, etc. For instance, the user equipment may include, but not limited to, a mobile phone,
5 smartphone, virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality (AR) devices, laptop, a
general-purpose computer, desktop, personal digital assistant, tablet computer, mainframe computer, or any other device as may be obvious to a person skilled in the art for implementation of the features of the present disclosure.
10 [0040] Further, the user device may also comprise a “processor” or a “processing unit”,
wherein processor refers to any logic circuitry for processing instructions. The processor may be a general-purpose processor, a special purpose processor, a conventional processor, a digital signal processor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in association with a Digital Signal Processing (DSP) core, a controller, a microcontroller,
15 Application Specific Integrated Circuits, Field Programmable Gate Array circuits, any
other type of integrated circuits, etc. The processor may perform signal coding, data processing, input/output processing, and/or any other functionality that enables the working of the system according to the present disclosure. More specifically, the processor is a hardware processor.
20
[0041] One or more modules, units, components (including but not limited to determination unit and routing unit) used herein may be software modules configured via hardware modules/processor, or hardware processors, the processors being a general-purpose processor, a special purpose processor, a conventional processor, a digital signal
25 processor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in association with
a DSP core, a controller, a microcontroller, Application Specific Integrated Circuits, Field Programmable Gate Array circuits, or any other type of integrated circuits, etc.
[0042] As portable electronic devices and wireless technologies continue to improve and
30 grow in popularity, the advancing wireless technologies for data transfer are also expected
to evolve and replace the older generations of technologies. In the field of wireless data communications, the dynamic advancement of various generations of cellular technology are also seen. The development, in this respect, has been incremental in the order of second
10

generation (2G), third generation (3G), fourth generation (4G), and now fifth generation (5G), and more such generations are expected to continue in the forthcoming time.
[0043] Radio Access Technology (RAT) refers to the technology used by mobile devices/
5 user equipment (UE) to connect to a cellular network. It refers to the specific protocol and
standards that govern the way devices communicate with base stations, which are responsible for providing the wireless connection. Further, each RAT has its own set of protocols and standards for communication, which define the frequency bands, modulation techniques, and other parameters used for transmitting and receiving data. Examples of
10 RATs include GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications), CDMA (Code Division
Multiple Access), UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System), LTE (Long-Term Evolution), and 5G. The choice of RAT depends on a variety of factors, including the network infrastructure, the available spectrum, and the mobile device's/device's capabilities. Mobile devices often support multiple RATs, allowing them to connect to
15 different types of networks and provide optimal performance based on the available
network resources.
[0044] As used herein, Radio Access Network (RAN) node includes, but not limited to,
gNodeB or gNB, macro, Indoor Small Cell (IDSC), Outdoor Small Cell (ODSC), mm wave
20 and the like.
[0045] As discussed in the background section, that due to increase in the number of mobile users and traffic, routing the messages on a single protocol leads to an inefficient handling of traffic which results in delay in transmission of message or failure of the
25 delivery of messages to the end users. Additionally, the delays in the transmission of
message within LTE and 5G networks arise from a plurality of factors such as inefficient routing table lookup processes, packet loss from a network congestion or one or more equipment issues, processing one or more delays at network elements, handover one or more delays during one or more mobile device transitions between one or more cells,
30 protocol overhead adding to one or more transmission times, and limitations in backhaul
capacity.
11

[0046] The present disclosure aims to overcome the problem associated with handling of
the SMS traffic at the network by routing the traffic based on the location of the users. The
present disclosure routes the traffic via two different protocols, namely a Short Message
Peer-to-Peer (SMPP) protocol, and a Mobile Application Part (MAP) protocol based on the
5 location of the users and the subscribers of the user. More particularly, the present
disclosure distributes the traffic as per the location of the users and the associated subscribers.
[0047] The Mobile Application Part (MAP) protocol is a key component of the signalling
10 system used in mobile telecommunications networks, particularly in the field of GSM
(Global System for Mobile Communications), UMTS (Universal Mobile
Telecommunications System), LTE (Long-Term Evolution), and 5G networks. MAP
facilitates communication and interaction between various network elements and entities,
such as mobile devices, home location registers (HLRs), visitor location registers (VLRs),
15 mobile switching centers (MSCs), and other network components. Also, the MAP protocol
operates at the application layer of the OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model,
providing a standardized interface for the exchange of signalling messages and control
information between different elements within the mobile network. The MAP protocol
defines a set of procedures and protocols for handling one or more telecommunication
20 services, such as call setup, call routing, location management, subscriber authentication,
SMS (Short Message Service) delivery, and supplementary services like call forwarding
and call waiting.
[0048] Hereinafter, exemplary implementations of the present disclosure will be
25 described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0049] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary block diagram representation of 5th generation core
(5GC) network architecture, in accordance with exemplary implementation of the present
disclosure. As shown in FIG. 1, the 5GC network architecture [100] includes a user
30 equipment (UE) [102], a radio access network (RAN) [104], an access and mobility
management function (AMF) [106], a Session Management Function (SMF) [108], a Service Communication Proxy (SCP) [110], an Authentication Server Function (AUSF) [112], a Network Slice Specific Authentication and Authorization Function (NSSAAF)
12

[114], a Network Slice Selection Function (NSSF) [116], a Network Exposure Function
(NEF) [118], a Network Repository Function (NRF) [120], a Policy Control Function
(PCF) [122], a Unified Data Management (UDM) [124], an application function (AF)
[126], a User Plane Function (UPF) [128], a data network (DN) [130], a Short Message
5 Service Function (SMSF) [132] wherein all the components are assumed to be connected
to each other in a manner as obvious to the person skilled in the art for implementing features of the present disclosure.
[0050] The User Equipment (UE) [102] interfaces with the network via the Radio Access
10 Network (RAN) [104]; the Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) [106]
manages connectivity and mobility, while the Session Management Function (SMF) [108]
administers session control; the service communication proxy (SCP) [110] routes and
manages communication between network services, enhancing efficiency and security, and
the Authentication Server Function (AUSF) [112] handles user authentication; the Non-
15 Standalone Access Architecture Function (NSSAAF) integrates the 5G core network with
existing 4G LTE networks i.e., to enable Non-Standalone (NSA) 5G deployments, the
Network Slice Selection Function (NSSF) [116], Network Exposure Function (NEF) [118],
and Network Repository Function (NRF) [120] enable network customization, secure
interfacing with external applications, and maintain network function registries
20 respectively; the Policy Control Function (PCF) [122] develops operational policies, and
the Unified Data Management (UDM) [124] manages subscriber data; the Application
Function (AF) [126] enables application interaction, the User Plane Function (UPF) [128]
processes and forwards user data, and the Data Network (DN) [130] connects to external
internet resources; collectively, these components are designed to enhance mobile
25 broadband, ensure low-latency communication, and support massive machine-type
communication, solidifying the 5GC as the infrastructure for next-generation mobile
networks.
[0051] Radio Access Network (RAN) [104] is the part of a mobile telecommunications
30 system that connects user equipment (UE) [102] to the core network (CN) and provides
access to different types of networks (e.g., 5G network). It consists of radio base stations and the radio access technologies that enable wireless communication.
13

[0052] Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) [106] is a 5G core network function responsible for managing access and mobility aspects, such as UE registration, connection, and reachability. It also handles mobility management procedures like handovers and paging. 5
[0053] Session Management Function (SMF) [108] is a 5G core network function responsible for managing session-related aspects, such as establishing, modifying, and releasing sessions. It coordinates with the User Plane Function (UPF) for data forwarding and handles IP address allocation and QoS enforcement. 10
[0054] Service Communication Proxy (SCP) [110] is a network function in the 5G core network that facilitates communication between other network functions by providing a secure and efficient messaging service. It acts as a mediator for service-based interfaces.
15 [0055] Authentication Server Function (AUSF) [112] is a network function in the 5G
core responsible for authenticating UEs during registration and providing security services. It generates and verifies authentication vectors and tokens.
[0056] Network Slice Specific Authentication and Authorization Function (NSSAAF)
20 [114] is a network function that provides authentication and authorization services specific
to network slices. It ensures that UEs can access only the slices for which they are authorized.
[0057] Network Slice Selection Function (NSSF) [116] is a network function
25 responsible for selecting the appropriate network slice for a UE based on factors such as
subscription, requested services, and network policies.
[0058] Network Exposure Function (NEF) [118] is a network function that exposes
capabilities and services of the 5G network to external applications, enabling integration
30 with third-party services and applications.
14

[0059] Network Repository Function (NRF) [120] is a network function that acts as a central repository for information about available network functions and services. It facilitates the discovery and dynamic registration of network functions.
5 [0060] Policy Control Function (PCF) [122] is a network function responsible for policy
control decisions, such as QoS, charging, and access control, based on subscriber information and network policies.
[0061] Unified Data Management (UDM) [124] is a network function that centralizes
10 the management of subscriber data, including authentication, authorization, and
subscription information.
[0062] Application Function (AF) [126] is a network function that represents external
applications interfacing with the 5G core network to access network capabilities and
15 services.
[0063] User Plane Function (UPF) [128] is a network function responsible for handling user data traffic, including packet routing, forwarding, and QoS enforcement.
20 [0064] Data Network (DN) [130] refers to a network that provides data services to user
equipment (UE) in a telecommunications system. The data services may include but are not limited to Internet services, private data network related services.
[0065] Short Message Service Function (SMSF) [132] refers to a network function that
25 supports the transfer of Short Message Service (SMS) over a Non-Access Stratum (NAS).
Further, SMSF [132] may be connected to a Short Message Service- Gateway Mobile Switching Center- Internet Protocol Short Message Gateway (SMS-GMSC/IPSMGW) router via one or more standardized interfaces.
30 [0066] Referring to FIG. 2, an exemplary block diagram of a system [200] for handling a
message traffic, in accordance with exemplary implementations of the present disclosure is shown. The system [200] comprises at least a transceiver unit [202], at least a determination unit [204] and at least a routing unit [206]. Also, all of the components/ units
15

of the system [200] are assumed to be connected to each other unless otherwise indicated
below. Also, in FIG. 2 only a few units are shown, however, the system [200] may comprise
multiple such units or the system [200] may comprise any such number of said units, as
required to implement the features of the present disclosure. For ease of reference, FIG. 2
5 depicts units/components of the system [200] by way of representation of blocks and FIG.
2 does not represent the internal circuitry or connections of each component/unit of the
system [200]. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that disclosure of such
drawings/block diagrams include disclosure of electrical components and connections
between said electronic components, and electronic components or circuitry commonly
10 used to implement such components.
[0067] Additionally, the determination unit [204] and the routing unit [206] are
processors. These processors may be a general-purpose processor, a special purpose
processor, a conventional processor, a digital signal processor, a plurality of
15 microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in association with a DSP (digital signal
processor) core, a controller, a microcontroller, Application Specific Integrated Circuits, Field Programmable Gate Array circuits, or any other type of integrated circuits, etc.
[0068] Also, the transceiver unit [202] includes a transmitter having capabilities to
20 transmit data/signals and optionally also a receiver unit having capabilities to receive
data/signals.
[0069] The system [200] is configured to handle a message traffic. The message traffic
refers to a volume of messages that are transmitted over a communication network within
25 a limited period of time. The messages may include various types of data such as text
messages (SMS), multimedia messages (MMs), emails, instant messages, voice calls and other data packets.
[0070] In order to handle the message traffic, the transceiver unit [202] is configured to
30 receive one or more messages from a first user equipment (UE) for transmission to a second
UE. The one or more messages may include one or more text messages, multimedia
messages, emails, voice calls and any other data packets. The first UE and the second UE
16

may include but not limited to smartphones, tablets, wearable devices, mobile hotspots and other IoT devices.
[0071] Further, upon receiving the one or more messages from the first UE, the
5 determination unit [204] is configured to determine a set of data associated with the second
UE, wherein the set of data comprises a location of the second UE. Also, the determination unit [204] is connected at least with the transceiver unit [202]. The set of data may include but not limited to one or more country codes and one or more identifiers. The set of data may be present in the one or more messages transmitted by the first UE.
10
[0072] Thereafter, the routing unit [206] that is connected at least with the determination unit [204], is configured to route the one or more messages using a protocol from a plurality of protocols for the transmission of the one or more messages to the second UE, wherein the protocol is determined based on the location of the second UE.
15
[0073] The present disclosure encompasses that the one or more messages are routed using a Mobile Application Part (MAP) protocol in an event when the location of the second UE is determined as a local location. The local location refers to a geographical area within a mobile telecommunications network that is relatively near or local to the location of the
20 second UE (User Equipment). In other words, the local location may refer to a location that
is within a coverage area of a local network infrastructure.
[0074] The present disclosure encompasses that the one or more messages are routed using a short message peer to peer protocol (SMPP) in an event that the location of the UE is
25 determined as an international location. The Short Message Peer-to-Peer (SMPP) is a
protocol used in telecommunications, to exchange one or more SMS (Short Message Service) messages between one or more Short Message Service Centers (SMSCs) and one or more external applications, such as messaging gateways, applications, and content providers.
30
[0075] For example, if User A having a network connection of, say, India sends a message to a User B having a network connection of some other country, say, USA, then the system
17

[200] would determine that the country code of the User A (first UE) is different than that of the User B (Second UE) and would send the message using the SMPP Protocol.
[0076] In another example, if User X having a network connection of India sends a
5 message to a User Y having a network connection of India, then the system [200] would
determine that the country code of the User X (first UE) is same as that of the User Y (Second UE) and would send the message using the MAP Protocol.
[0077] The present disclosure encompasses that the location of the second UE is
10 determined by checking mobile country code (MCC) of a recipient from the one or more
messages. The country code is a short alphanumeric identification code for a particular country.
[0078] The present disclosure encompasses that a country code repository is maintained
15 in the storage unit [208] which include an information about each country code, protocol
to be used for communication. Further, before routing any message, the repository is checked to determine the appropriate protocol based on the country code of the destination. If the country code exists within the country code repository, a SMPP (Short Message Peer-to-Peer) request is initiated to a SMPP server by using the appropriate protocol. 20
[0079] The present disclosure encompasses that the network node is an IP Short Message Gateway (IP SMGW). The IP Short Message Gateway (IP SMGW) is a network element responsible for routing and handling one or more Short Message Service (SMS) messages in an IP-based telecommunications network. 25
[0080] The present disclosure encompasses that the transceiver unit [202] is further configured to send a Mobile Number Portability (MNP) request and a charging request upon receiving the one or more messages by the network node.
30 [0081] The MNP request is sent to an MNP server/database, to check an operator/domain
of a Short Message Service (SMS) receiving entity and to determine whether the SMS receiving entity has ported a mobile number. The MNP server upon receiving the MNP requests, looks up the SMS receiving entity using a Mobile Station International Subscriber
18

Directory Number (MSISDN) (i.e. phone number) in a respective database, and return a Location Routing Number (LRN) to the Internet Protocol Short Message Gateway IPSMGW.
5 [0082] The charging request is a communication request sent within a telecommunication
network to initiate the charging process for a particular service or transaction.
[0083] The present disclosure encompasses the one or more messages are routed using a
short message peer to peer protocol (SMPP) in an event that the location of the UE is
10 determined as an international location.
[0084] The present disclosure encompasses that the determination unit [204] is configured to determine the location of the second UE upon receiving a successful response to the MNP request and to the charging request.
15
[0085] The present disclosure encompasses that the first UE transmits a short message service request to the second UE. The short message service request comprises an information such as a message, a Mobile Station International Subscriber Directory Number (MSISDN) of the first UE, a Mobile Station International Subscriber Directory
20 Number (MSISDN) of the second UE. Further, the MSISDN comprise a mobile country
code (MCC) which is further used to determine the location of the second UE.
[0086] The system also comprises of a storage unit [208] that is configured to store data associated with implementation of the features of the present disclosure.
25
[0087] Referring to FIG. 3, an exemplary flow chart of a method [300] for handling a message traffic, in accordance with exemplary implementations of the present disclosure is shown. The method [300] is performed by the system [200]. As shown in FIG. 3, the method [300] starts at step [302].
30
[0088] At step [304], the method [300] as disclosed by the present disclosure comprises receiving, by a transceiver unit [202] of a network node, one or more messages from a first user equipment (UE) for transmission to a second UE.
19

[0089] The first UE and the second UE may include but not limited to smartphones, tablets, wearable devices, mobile hotspots and other IoT devices.
5 [0090] The one or more messages may include one or more text messages, multimedia
messages, emails, voice calls and any other data packets.
[0091] At step [306], the method [300] as disclosed by the present disclosure comprises
determining, by a determination unit [204] of the network node, a set of data associated
10 with the second UE, wherein the set of data comprises a location of the second UE.
[0092] The set of data may include but not limited to one or more country codes and one or more identifiers.
15 [0093] At step [308], the method [300] as disclosed by the present disclosure comprises
routing, by a routing unit [206] of the network node, the one or more messages using a protocol from a plurality of protocols for the transmission of the one or more messages to the second UE, wherein the protocol is determined based on the location of the second UE.
20 [0094] The present disclosure encompasses that the one or more messages are routed using
a Mobile Application Part (MAP) protocol in an event when the location of the second UE is determined as a local location. The local location refers to a geographical area within a mobile telecommunications network that is relatively near or local to the location of the second UE. In other words, the local location may refer to a location that is within a
25 coverage area of a local network infrastructure.
[0095] The present disclosure encompasses that the one or more messages are routed using
a short message peer to peer protocol (SMPP) in an event the location of the UE is
determined as an international location. The Short Message Peer-to-Peer (SMPP) is a
30 protocol used in telecommunications, to exchange one or more SMS (Short Message
Service) messages between one or more Short Message Service Centers (SMSCs) and one or more external applications, such as messaging gateways, applications, and content providers.
20

[0096] For example, if User A having a network connection of, say, India sends a message
to a User B having a network connection of some other country, say, USA, then the system
[200] would determine that the country code of the User A (first UE) is different than that
5 of the User B (Second UE) and would send the message using the SMPP Protocol.
[0097] In another example, if User X having a network connection of India sends a
message to a User Y having a network connection of India, then the system [200] would
determine that the country code of the User X (first UE) is same as that of the User Y
10 (Second UE) and would send the message using the MAP Protocol.
[0098] The present disclosure encompasses that the location of the second UE is determined by checking country code of recipient from the one or more messages. The country code is a short alphanumeric identification code for a particular country.
15
[0099] The present disclosure encompasses that a country code repository is maintained in the storage unit [208] which include an information about each country code, protocol to be used for communication. Further, before routing any message, the repository is checked to determine the appropriate protocol based on the country code of the destination.
20 If the country code exists within the country code repository, a SMPP (Short Message Peer-
to-Peer) request is initiated to a SMPP server by using the appropriate protocol.
[00100] The present disclosure encompasses that the network node is an IP Short Message
Gateway (IP SMGW). The IP Short Message Gateway (IP SMGW) is a network element
25 responsible for routing and handling one or more Short Message Service (SMS) messages
in an IP-based telecommunications network.
[00101] The present disclosure encompasses that the method further comprises sending, via
the transceiver unit [202], a Mobile Number Portability (MNP) request and a charging
30 request upon receiving the one or more messages by the network node.
[00102] The MNP request is sent to an MNP server/database, to check an operator/domain of a Short Message Service (SMS) receiving entity and to determine whether the SMS
21

receiving entity has ported a mobile number. The MNP server upon receiving the MNP
requests, looks up the SMS receiving entity using a Mobile Station International Subscriber
Directory Number (MSISDN) (i.e. phone number) in a respective database, and return a
Location Routing Number (LRN) to the Internet Protocol Short Message Gateway
5 IPSMGW.
[00103] The charging request is a communication request sent within a telecommunication network to initiate the charging process for a particular service or transaction.
10 [00104] The present disclosure encompasses that the method further comprises determining
via the determination unit [204] the location of the second UE upon receiving a successful response to the MNP request and to the charging request.
[00105] The method [300] terminates at step [310].
15
[00106] FIG.4A illustrates an exemplary signal flow diagram [400] for routing of messages when messages are shared to an international location, in accordance with exemplary implementations of the present disclosure. A message is shared via a sender [400a] and is received at the IP-SMGW [400b]. The IP-SMGW [400b], governed by the determination
20 unit [204], compares a country code of the sender and a country code of the receiver. Based
on the comparison of the country codes, the message is routed to an international location [400c] and is shared with the receiver [400d] via the SMPP Protocol.
[00107] FIG. 4B illustrates an exemplary signal flow diagram [400’] for routing of
25 messages when messages are shared to a local location, in accordance with exemplary
implementations of the present disclosure. A message is shared via a sender [400a] and is
received at the IP-SMGW [400b]. The IP-SMGW [400b], governed by the determination
unit [204], compares a country code of the sender and a country code of a receiver [400d].
Based on the comparison of the country codes, the message is routed to the local location
30 [400c’] and is shared with the receiver [400d] via the MAP Protocol.
[00108] The present disclosure also relates to a user equipment (UE) for handling a message traffic. The UE comprises a memory, a processor coupled to the memory, and a transceiver
22

unit coupled to the memory and the processor. The transceiver unit is configured to transmit
one or more messages for transmission to a second UE. The transceiver unit is configured
to transmit the one or more messages which are routed using a protocol from a plurality of
protocols for the transmission of the one or more messages to the second UE, wherein the
5 protocol is determined based on the location of the second UE via a system. The system
comprises a transceiver unit [202], configured to receive the one or more messages from a
first user equipment (UE) for transmission to a second UE. The system comprises a
determination unit [204] configured to determine a set of data associated with the second
UE, wherein the set of data comprises a location of the second UE. The system comprise a
10 routing unit [206] configured to route the one or more messages using the protocol from
the plurality of protocols for the transmission of the one or more messages to the second UE, wherein the protocol is determined based on the location of the second UE.
[00109] FIG.5 illustrates an exemplary architecture diagram of IPSMGW, in which the
15 system for optimising a short message service (SMS) is built, in accordance with exemplary
implementations of the present disclosure. The architecture diagram of IPSMGW [500a]
comprising an Element Management System (EMS) [500a], a Signalling Transfer Point
(STP) [500b], a Serving-Call Session Control Function (SCSCF) [500c], a Load Balancer
[500d], a Diameter Routing Agent (DRA) [500e], a Short Message Peer-to-Peer (SMPP)
20 [500q], Charging Point (CP) [500f], a Mobile Number Portability (MNP) [500g], an Online
Charging System (OCS) [500h], a Home Subscriber Server (HSS)[500i], a Service
Capability Exposure Function (SCEF)[500j], a Mobility Management Entity
(MME)[500k], a Database [500l], a Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) [500m], a
Mobile Application Part (MAP) [500n], a Representational State Transfer (REST) [500o],
25 SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) [500p]. Also, all of the components/ units of the system
[200] are assumed to be connected to each other unless otherwise indicated below.
[00110] EMS (Element Management System) [500a]: A software system used for
managing and monitoring network elements or devices within a telecommunications
30 network.
23

[00111] STP (Signalling Transfer Point) [500b]: A network node used in the SS7 (Signalling System No. 7) telecommunications protocol to route signalling messages between signalling endpoints.
5 [00112] SCSCF (Serving-Call Session Control Function) [500c]: A core component in IMS
(IP Multimedia Subsystem) networks responsible for session control and call processing.
[00113] Load Balancer [500d]: A device or software component that evenly distributes
incoming network traffic across multiple servers to optimize resource utilization,
10 reliability, and performance.
[00114] DRA (Diameter Routing Agent) [500e]: A network element responsible for routing Diameter protocol messages within telecommunications networks, often used in IMS and LTE networks. 15
[00115] Further the DRA [500e] routes the messages through a set of interfaces as depicted in FIG. 5. The set of interfaces include RO interface, Sh & SGh interfaces, T4 interface, SGp interface.
20 [00116] The RO interface is an interface with the OCS [500h] for the one or more IMS
services during online charging.
[00117] The Sh & SGh interfaces are the interface with HSS [500i], to obtain a subscriber profile. 25
[00118] The SGp interface is an interface between the IPSMGW [500a] and the MME [500k] that facilitates for one or more status reports of a device trigger and delivery of a message.
30 [00119] The T4 interface is an interface between a Service Capability Exposure Function
SCEF (i.e. Machine Type Communication Inter-Working Function (MTC-IWF)) &
24

IPSMGW [500a] for forwarding one or more short message requests and one or more responses for both a MO (Mobile Originated) message and a Mobile Terminated (MT) message.
5 [00120] SMPP (Short Message Peer-to-Peer) [500q]: A protocol used in the
telecommunications industry for exchanging SMS messages between Short Message Service Centers (SMSCs) and SMS application systems.
[00121] CP (Content Provider) [500f]: the content provider [500f] manages access to a
10 central repository of data.
[00122] MNP (Mobile Number Portability) [500g]: A service that allows mobile phone users to retain their phone numbers when switching between different service providers.
15 [00123] OCS (Online Charging System) [500h]: A system used for real-time charging and
billing of telecommunications services, such as voice calls, data usage, and SMS messages.
[00124] HSS (Home Subscriber Server) [500i]: A core component in LTE and IMS
networks that stores subscriber-related information, such as user profiles, authentication
20 data, and service subscriptions.
[00125] SCEF (Service Capability Exposure Function) [500j]: A component in IMS networks that exposes network capabilities to application servers, enabling the creation of innovative multimedia services. 25
[00126] MME (Mobility Management Entity) [500k]: A key component in LTE networks responsible for managing the mobility of mobile devices, including tracking their location and handling handovers between base stations.
30 [00127] Database [500l]: A structured collection of data organized for efficient storage,
retrieval, and management.
25

[00128] TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) [500m]: A reliable, connection-oriented protocol used for transmitting data over networks.
[00129] MAP (Mobile Application Part) [500n]: A protocol used in cellular networks for
5 communication between various network elements, such as HLRs (Home Location
Registers) and VLRs (Visitor Location Registers).
[00130] REST (Representational State Transfer) [500o]: An architectural style for designing networked applications, commonly used in web services development.
10
[00131] SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) [500p]: SIP is a signalling protocol used for initiating, maintaining, and terminating real-time sessions in IP-based communication networks. It is commonly used for voice and video calls, instant messaging, and multimedia conferencing over the Internet. SIP allows devices to establish communication sessions and
15 negotiate the parameters of the session, such as codecs, media types, and session duration.
[00132] IPSMGW (IP Short Message Gateway) [500a]: A network element responsible for handling and routing Short Message Service (SMS) messages over IP networks.
20 [00133] FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary block diagram of a computing device [1000] upon
which the present disclosure may be implemented. In an implementation, the computing device [1000] implements the method [300] for handling a message traffic using the system [200]. In another implementation, the computing device [1000] itself implements the method [300] for handling a message traffic using one or more units configured within the
25 computing device [1000], wherein said one or more units are capable of implementing the
features as disclosed in the present disclosure.
[00134] The computing device [1000] may include a bus [1002] or other communication
mechanism for communicating information, and a hardware processor [1004] coupled with
30 bus [1002] for processing information. The hardware processor [1004] may be, for
example, a general-purpose microprocessor. The computing device [1000] may also include a main memory [1006], such as a random-access memory (RAM), or other dynamic storage device, coupled to the bus [1002] for storing information and instructions to be
26

executed by the processor [1004]. The main memory [1006] also may be used for storing
temporary variables or other intermediate information during execution of the instructions
to be executed by the processor [1004]. Such instructions, when stored in non-transitory
storage media accessible to the processor [1004], render the computing device [1000] into
5 a special-purpose machine that is customized to perform the operations specified in the
instructions. The computing device [1000] further includes a read only memory (ROM) [1008] or other static storage device coupled to the bus [1002] for storing static information and instructions for the processor [1004].
10 [00135] A storage device [1010], such as a magnetic disk, optical disk, or solid-state drive
is provided and coupled to the bus [1002] for storing information and instructions. The computing device [1000] may be coupled via the bus [1002] to a display [1012], such as a cathode ray tube (CRT), for displaying information to a computer user. An input device [1014], including alphanumeric and other keys, may be coupled to the bus [1002] for
15 communicating information and command selections to the processor [1004]. Another type
of user input device may be a cursor controller [1016], such as a mouse, a trackball, or cursor direction keys, for communicating direction information and command selections to the processor [1004], and for controlling cursor movement on the display [1012]. This input device [1014] typically has two degrees of freedom in two axes, a first axis (e.g., x) and a
20 second axis (e.g., y), that allows the device to specify positions in a plane.
[00136] The computing device [1000] may implement the techniques described herein using customized hard-wired logic, one or more Application-Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs) or Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), firmware and/or program logic
25 which in combination with the computing device [1000] causes or programs the computing
device [1000] to be a special-purpose machine. According to one implementation, the techniques herein are performed by the computing device [1000] in response to the processor [1004] executing one or more sequences of one or more instructions contained in the main memory [1006]. Such instructions may be read into the main memory [1006]
30 from another storage medium, such as the storage device [1010]. Execution of the
sequences of instructions contained in the main memory [1006] causes the processor [1004] to perform the process steps described herein. In alternative implementations, hard-wired circuitry may be used in place of or in combination with software instructions.
27

[00137] The computing device [1000] also may include a communication interface [1018]
coupled to the bus [1002]. The communication interface [1018] provides a two-way data
communication coupling to a network link [1020] that is connected to a local network
5 [1022]. The local network [1022] is further connected to a host [1024]. For example, the
communication interface [1018] may be an integrated services digital network (ISDN) card,
cable modem, satellite modem, or a modem to provide a data communication connection
to a corresponding type of telephone line. As another example, the communication interface
[1018] may be a local area network (LAN) card to provide a data communication
10 connection to a compatible LAN. Wireless links may also be implemented. In any such
implementation, the communication interface [1018] sends and receives electrical, electromagnetic or optical signals that carry digital data streams representing various types of information.
15 [00138] The computing device [1000] can send messages and receive data, including
program code, through the network(s), the network link [1020] and the communication interface 1018. In the Internet example, a server [1030] might transmit a requested code for an application program through the Internet [1028], the Internet Service Provider (ISP) [1026], the local network [1022] and the communication interface [1018]. The received
20 code may be executed by the processor [1004] as it is received, and/or stored in the storage
device [1010], or other non-volatile storage for later execution.
[00139] The present disclosure may relate to a non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing instruction for handling a message traffic. The instructions include an
25 executable code which, when executed by one or more units of the system, causes a
transceiver unit [202] to receive one or more messages from a first user equipment (UE) for transmission to a second UE, a determination unit to determine a set of data associated with the second UE, wherein the set of data comprises a location of the second UE; and a routing unit [206] to route the one or more messages using a protocol from plurality of
30 protocols for the transmission of the one or more messages to the second UE, wherein the
protocol is determined based on the location of the second UE.
28

[00140] The method and system of the present disclosure for handling the message traffic
may be implemented on a telecommunication system having a mobile network operator’s
infrastructure for handling a messaging process between two users. The transceiver unit
[202] receive a message from the first UE such as smartphone for transmission to the
5 second UE. Thereafter, the determination unit extracts a set of data associated with the
second UE including the location of second UE. Thereafter the routing unit [206] selects an appropriate protocol for routing the message based on the location of second UE. If the second UE is determined to be in the same country as the sender (a local location), the routing unit [206] chooses the Mobile Application Part (MAP) protocol for routing the
10 message. However, if the second UE is in a different country (an international location),
the routing unit [206] selects the short message peer to peer protocol (SMPP) for routing the message. Hence, the method and system of the present disclosure efficiently handles message traffic, by determining the location of recipients and routing messages using appropriate protocols based on their locations, ensuring reliable and timely delivery of one
15 or more messages in both local and international scenarios.
[00141] As is evident from the above, the present disclosure provides a technically
advanced solution for handling of traffic related to messages or SMS based on location of
the users. Thus, in view of the above disclosure, the method and system efficiently handles
20 the traffic over MAP protocol or SMPP protocol based on the country code or location of
the user. Thus, present disclosure enables the efficient and smooth functioning of the network to handle the message traffic by routing the message traffic over MAP or SMPP protocol based on the location of the users.
25 [00142] While considerable emphasis has been placed herein on the disclosed
implementations, it will be appreciated that many implementations can be made and that many changes can be made to the implementations without departing from the principles of the present disclosure. These and other changes in the implementations of the present disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art, whereby it is to be understood that
30 the foregoing descriptive matter to be implemented is illustrative and non-limiting.
[00143] Further, in accordance with the present disclosure, it is to be acknowledged that the functionality described for the various the components/units can be implemented

interchangeably. While specific embodiments may disclose a particular functionality of
these units for clarity, it is recognized that various configurations and combinations thereof
are within the scope of the disclosure. The functionality of specific units as disclosed in the
disclosure should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present disclosure.
5 Consequently, alternative arrangements and substitutions of units, provided they achieve
the intended functionality described herein, are considered to be encompassed within the scope of the present disclosure.

We Claim
1. A method [300] for handling message traffic, the method [300] comprising:
• receiving, by a transceiver unit [202] of a network node, one or more
5 messages from a first user equipment (UE) for transmission to a
second UE;
• determining, by a determination unit [204] of the network node, a set
of data associated with the second UE, wherein the set of data
comprises a location of the second UE; and
10 • routing, by a routing unit [206] of the network node, the one or more
messages using a protocol from a plurality of protocols for the transmission of the one or more messages to the second UE, wherein the protocol is determined based on the location of the second UE.
15 2. The method [300] as claimed in claim 1, wherein the one or more messages are
routed using a Mobile Application Part (MAP) protocol in an event when the location of the second UE is determined as a local location.
3. The method [300] as claimed in claim 1, wherein the one or more messages are
20 routed using a short message peer to peer protocol (SMPP) in an event when the
location of the second UE is determined as an international location.
4. The method [300] as claimed in claim 1, wherein the location of the second UE is
determined by checking a country code of a recipient from the one or more
25 messages.
5. The method [300] as claimed in claim 1, wherein the network node is an IP Short
Message Gateway (IP SMGW).
30 6. The method [300] as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises sending,
by the transceiver unit [202] of the network node, a Mobile Number Portability (MNP) request and a charging request upon receiving the one or more messages by the network node.

7. The method [300] as claimed in claim 6, wherein the method further comprises
determining, by the determination unit [204] of the network node, the location of
the second UE upon receiving a successful response to the MNP request and to the
5 charging request.
8. A system [200] for handling message traffic, the system [200] comprising:
• a transceiver unit [202], configured to receive one or more messages from
a first user equipment (UE) for transmission to a second UE;
10 • a determination unit [204] connected at least with the transceiver unit
[202], configured to determine a set of data associated with the second UE, wherein the set of data comprises a location of the second UE; and
• a routing unit [206] connected at least with the determination unit [204],
configured to route the one or more messages using a protocol from a
15 plurality of protocols for the transmission of the one or more messages to
the second UE, wherein the protocol is determined based on the location of the second UE. .
20 9. The system [200] as claimed in claim 8, wherein the one or more messages are
routed using a Mobile Application Part (MAP) protocol in an event when the location of the second UE is determined as a local location.
10. The system [200] as claimed in claim 8, wherein the one or more messages are
25 routed using a short message peer to peer (SMPP) protocol in an event when the
location of the second UE is determined as an international location.
11. The system [200] as claimed in claim 8, wherein the location of the second UE is
determined by checking a country code of a recipient from the one or more
30 messages.
12. The system [200] as claimed in claim 8, wherein the network node is an IP Short
Message Gateway (IP SMGW).

13. The system [200] as claimed in claim 8, wherein the transceiver unit [202] is
further is configured to send a Mobile Number Portability (MNP) request and a
5 charging request upon receiving the one or more messages by the network node.
14. The system [200] as claimed in claim 13, wherein the determination unit [204] is
further configured to determine the location of the second UE upon receiving a
successful response to the MNP request and to the charging request.
10
15. A User Equipment (UE), the UE comprising:
a memory;
a processor; and
a transceiver unit coupled to the memory and the processor, wherein the transceiver
unit is configured to:
- transmit one or more messages for transmission to a second UE; and
- wherein the transmission of the one or more messages involves routing the one or more message using a protocol from a plurality of protocols for the transmission of the one or more messages to the second UE, wherein the protocol is determined based on the location
of the second UE via a system [200].