FORM 2
THE PATENTS ACT, 1970
(39 OF 1970)
&
THE PATENT RULES, 2003
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(See section 10 and rule 13)
“METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DETERMINING A
LOCATION OF A USER EQUIPMENT (UE) IN A
TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK”
We, Jio Platforms Limited, an Indian National, of Office - 101, Saffron, Nr. Centre
Point, Panchwati 5 Rasta, Ambawadi, Ahmedabad - 380006, Gujarat, India.
The following specification particularly describes the invention and the manner in
which it is to be performed.
2
METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DETERMINING A LOCATION OF A
USER EQUIPMENT (UE) IN A TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK
FIELD OF INVENTION
5
[0001] Embodiments of the present disclosure relate generally to the field of
wireless communication systems. More particularly, embodiment of the present
disclosure relates to a method and system for determining a location of a user
equipment (UE) in a telecommunication network.
10
BACKGROUND
[0002] The following description of the related art is intended to provide
background information pertaining to the field of the disclosure. This section may
15 include certain aspects of the art that may be related to various features of the
present disclosure. However, it should be appreciated that this section is used only
to enhance the understanding of the reader with respect to the present disclosure,
and not as admissions of the prior art.
20 [0003] Wireless communication technology has rapidly evolved over the past few
decades, with each generation bringing significant improvements and
advancements. The first generation of wireless communication technology was
based on analog technology and offered only voice services. However, with the
advent of the second-generation (2G) technology, digital communication and data
25 services became possible, and text messaging was introduced. 3G technology
marked the introduction of high-speed internet access, mobile video calling, and
location-based services. The fourth-generation (4G) technology revolutionized
wireless communication with faster data speeds, better network coverage, and
improved security. Currently, the fifth-generation (5G) technology is being
30 deployed, promising even faster data speeds, low latency, and the ability to connect
multiple devices simultaneously. With each generation, wireless communication
3
technology has become more advanced, sophisticated, and capable of delivering
more services to its users.
[0004] Conventionally, for determining accurate position of a user equipment (UE)
in a 5G network based on certain pre-defined geographic 5 area description (GAD)
shapes, there are various limitations associated with the same. A few of these
limitations are due to signal interference and multi-path propagation, thereby,
impacting the precision of location particularly, in dense urban areas.
10 [0005] Further in the current existing solutions, the effectiveness of such
positioning techniques may vary depending on the complexity of then GAD shape
and quality of signal strength. Especially, due to these pre-defined GAD shapes, it
is extremely difficult to obtain accurate position/location of a user equipment based
on multiple Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) information.
15
[0006] Furthermore, in the current existing solutions, determining the GAD shape
based on the serving cell information to calculate the approximate UE location and
get intersecting area is also difficult and complex.
20 [0007] With the proposed solution, determination of positioning of the approximate
location of UE while receiving multiple RSRPs values is achieved by utilizing
neighbouring cell information to dynamically generate GAD shapes.
SUMMARY
25
[0008] This section is provided to introduce certain aspects of the present disclosure
in a simplified form that are further described below in the detailed description.
This summary is not intended to identify the key features or the scope of the claimed
subject matter.
30
4
[0009] An aspect of the present disclosure may relate to a method for determining
a location of a user equipment (UE) in a telecommunication network. The method
comprises: receiving, by a transceiver unit at a Location Management Function
(LMF), a location request from at least one network function (NF), the location
request comprising at least one or more 5 parameters associated with a UE. The
method further comprises processing, by a processing unit, the location request and
the corresponding one or more parameters to identify at least one of: a serving radio
access node and at least one neighbouring radio access node associated with the
UE; and one or more Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) measurements
10 from the serving radio access node and the at least one neighbouring radio access
node. The method further comprises determining, by a determination unit at the
LMF, one or more location areas of the UE based on the identified one or more
RSRP measurements. The method further comprises determining, by the
determination unit at the LMF, a commonly shared location area based on the
15 determined one or more location areas of the UE, wherein the commonly shared
location area is determined based on an intersection of the one or more location
areas of the serving radio access node and the at least one neighbouring radio access
node. The method further comprises providing, by the processing unit at the LMF,
a Geographical Area Description (GAD) shape based on the determined commonly
20 shared location area of the UE.
[0010] In an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the one or more parameters
associated with the UE may include at least one of serving cell ID, neighbouring
cell ID, timing advance of the serving cell, serving cell RSRP, neighbouring cell
25 RSRP, Subscription Permanent Identifier (SUPI) of the UE, Quality of Service
(QoS), Service ID, and a combination thereof.
[0011] In an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the GAD shape is selected
from a group comprising of Ellipsoid Point, Ellipsoid Arc, Ellipsoid point with
30 uncertainty circle, Ellipsoid point with uncertainty ellipse, polygon, Ellipsoid point
with Altitude, Ellipsoid point with altitude and uncertainty ellipsoid.
5
[0012] In an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the serving radio access
node has a stronger RSRP measurement value than the at least one neighbouring
5 radio access node.
[0013] Another aspect of the present disclosure may relate to a system for
determining a location of a user equipment (UE) in a telecommunication network.
The system may comprise a transceiver unit configured to receive a location request
10 at a Location Management Function (LMF) from at least one network function
(NF), the location request comprising at least one or more parameters associated
with a UE. The system further comprises a processing unit connected at least with
the transceiver unit, the processing unit configured to process the location request
and the corresponding one or more parameters to identify at least one of: a serving
15 radio access node and at least one neighbouring radio access node associated with
the UE; and one or more Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) measurements
from the serving radio access node and the at least one neighbouring radio access
node. The system further comprises a determination unit connected at least with the
transceiver unit and the processing unit, the determination unit configured to
20 determine one or more location areas of the UE based on the identified one or more
measurements of RSRP. The determination unit is further configured to determine
a commonly shared location area based on the determined one or more location
areas of the UE, wherein the commonly shared location area is determined based
on an intersection of the one or more areas of the serving radio access node and the
25 at least one neighbouring radio access node. The processing unit is further
configured to provide a Geographical Area Description (GAD) shape based on the
determined commonly shared location area of the UE.
[0014] Yet another aspect of the present disclosure may relate to a non-transitory
30 computer readable storage medium storing instructions for determining a location
of a User Equipment (UE) in a telecommunication network, the instructions include
6
executable code which, when executed by one or more units of a system, causes a
transceiver unit of the system to receive a location request at a Location
Management Function (LMF) from at least one network function (NF), the location
request comprising at least one or more parameters associated with a UE. Further,
the instructions include executable code which, when 5 executed causes a processing
unit to process the location request and the corresponding one or more parameters
to identify at least one of: a serving radio access node and at least one neighbouring
radio access node associated with the UE; and one or more Reference Signal
Received Power (RSRP) measurements from the serving radio access node and the
10 at least one neighbouring radio access node. Further, the instructions include
executable code which, when executed causes a determination unit to determine
one or more location areas of the UE based on the identified one or more RSRP
measurements. Further, the instructions include executable code which, when
executed causes the determination unit to determine a commonly shared location
15 area based on the determined one or more location areas of the UE, wherein the
commonly shared location area is determined based on an intersection of the one or
more location areas of the serving radio access node and the at least one
neighbouring radio access node. Further, the instructions include executable code
which, when executed causes the processing unit to provide a Geographical Area
20 Description (GAD) shape based on the determined commonly shared location area
of the UE.
OBJECTS OF THE DISCLOSURE
25 [0015] Some of the objects of the present disclosure, which at least one
embodiment disclosed herein satisfies are listed herein below.
[0016] It is an object of the present invention to provide a system and a method to
determine a location of a user equipment (UE) in a telecommunication network.
30
7
[0017] Another object of the present invention is to accurately determine position
of a user equipment by utilizing serving cell information and neighbouring cell
information.
[0018] Yet another object of the 5 present invention is to provide different GAD
shapes for better accuracy with the help of multiple RSRP information.
[0019] Yet another object of the present invention is for enhancement in the
Location Mobility Function (LMF) where Enhanced Cell ID (ECID) positioning
10 method is used in order to get measurements related with gNodeBs.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein, and constitute
15 a part of this disclosure, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the disclosed methods
and systems in which like reference numerals refer to the same parts throughout the
different drawings. Components in the drawings are not necessarily to scale,
emphasis instead being placed upon clearly illustrating the principles of the present
disclosure. Also, the embodiments shown in the figures are not to be construed as
20 limiting the disclosure, but the possible variants of the method and system
according to the disclosure are illustrated herein to highlight the advantages of the
disclosure. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that disclosure of such
drawings includes disclosure of electrical components or circuitry commonly used
to implement such components.
25
[0021] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary block diagram representation of 5th
generation core (5GC) network architecture;
[0022] FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary block diagram of a computing device upon
30 which the features of the present disclosure may be implemented in accordance with
exemplary implementation of the present disclosure;
8
[0023] FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary block diagram of a system for determining
a location of a user equipment (UE) in a telecommunication network, in accordance
with exemplary implementations of the present disclosure;
5
[0024] FIG. 4 illustrates a system architecture for determining a location of a user
equipment (UE) in a telecommunication network, in accordance with exemplary
implementations of the present disclosure; and
10 [0025] FIG. 5 illustrates a method flow diagram for determining a location of a user
equipment (UE) in a telecommunication network, in accordance with exemplary
implementations of the present disclosure.
[0026] The foregoing shall be more apparent from the following more detailed
15 description of the disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] In the following description, for the purposes of explanation, various
20 specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of
embodiments of the present disclosure. It will be apparent, however, that
embodiments of the present disclosure may be practiced without these specific
details. Several features described hereafter may each be used independently of one
another or with any combination of other features. An individual feature may not
25 address any of the problems discussed above or might address only some of the
problems discussed above.
[0028] The ensuing description provides exemplary embodiments only, and is not
intended to limit the scope, applicability, or configuration of the disclosure. Rather,
30 the ensuing description of the exemplary embodiments will provide those skilled in
the art with an enabling description for implementing an exemplary embodiment.
9
It should be understood that various changes may be made in the function and
arrangement of elements without departing from the spirit and scope of the
disclosure as set forth.
[0029] Specific details are 5 given in the following description to provide a thorough
understanding of the embodiments. However, it will be understood by one of
ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments may be practiced without these
specific details. For example, circuits, systems, processes, and other components
may be shown as components in block diagram form in order not to obscure the
10 embodiments in unnecessary detail.
[0030] Also, it is noted that individual embodiments may be described as a process
which is depicted as a flowchart, a flow diagram, a data flow diagram, a structure
diagram, or a block diagram. Although a flowchart may describe the operations as
15 a sequential process, many of the operations may be performed in parallel or
concurrently. In addition, the order of the operations may be re-arranged. A process
is terminated when its operations are completed but could have additional steps not
included in a figure.
20 [0031] The word “exemplary” and/or “demonstrative” is used herein to mean
serving as an example, instance, or illustration. For the avoidance of doubt, the
subject matter disclosed herein is not limited by such examples. In addition, any
aspect or design described herein as “exemplary” and/or “demonstrative” is not
necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects or
25 designs, nor is it meant to preclude equivalent exemplary structures and techniques
known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Furthermore, to the extent that the terms
“includes,” “has,” “contains,” and other similar words are used in either the detailed
description or the claims, such terms are intended to be inclusive—in a manner
similar to the term “comprising” as an open transition word—without precluding
30 any additional or other elements.
10
[0032] As used herein, a “processing unit” or “processor” or “operating processor”
includes one or more processors, wherein processor refers to any logic circuitry for
processing instructions. A processor may be a general-purpose processor, a special
purpose processor, a conventional processor, a digital signal processor, a plurality
of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors 5 in association with a Digital
Signal Processing (DSP) core, a controller, a microcontroller, Application Specific
Integrated Circuits, Field Programmable Gate Array circuits, any other type of
integrated circuits, etc. The processor may perform signal coding data processing,
input/output processing, and/or any other functionality that enables the working of
10 the system according to the present disclosure. More specifically, the processor or
processing unit is a hardware processor.
[0033] As used herein, “a user equipment”, “a user device”, “a smart-user-device”,
“a smart-device”, “an electronic device”, “a mobile device”, “a handheld device”,
15 “a wireless communication device”, “a mobile communication device”, “a
communication device” may be any electrical, electronic and/or computing device
or equipment, capable of implementing the features of the present disclosure. The
user equipment/device may include, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, smart
phone, laptop, a general-purpose computer, desktop, personal digital assistant,
20 tablet computer, wearable device or any other computing device which is capable
of implementing the features of the present disclosure. Also, the user device may
contain at least one input means configured to receive an input from unit(s) which
are required to implement the features of the present disclosure.
25 [0034] As used herein, “storage unit” or “memory unit” refers to a machine or
computer-readable medium including any mechanism for storing information in a
form readable by a computer or similar machine. For example, a computer-readable
medium includes read-only memory (“ROM”), random access memory (“RAM”),
magnetic disk storage media, optical storage media, flash memory devices or other
30 types of machine-accessible storage media. The storage unit stores at least the data
11
that may be required by one or more units of the system to perform their respective
functions.
[0035] As used herein “interface” or “user interface refers to a shared boundary
across which two or more separate components 5 of a system exchange information
or data. The interface may also be referred to a set of rules or protocols that define
communication or interaction of one or more modules or one or more units with
each other, which also includes the methods, functions, or procedures that may be
called.
10
[0036] All modules, units, components used herein, unless explicitly excluded
herein, may be software modules or hardware processors, the processors being a
general-purpose processor, a special purpose processor, a conventional processor, a
digital signal processor (DSP), a plurality of microprocessors, one or more
15 microprocessors in association with a DSP core, a controller, a microcontroller,
Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC), Field Programmable Gate Array
circuits (FPGA), any other type of integrated circuits, etc.
[0037] The Geographical Area Description (GAD) shape is a format or
20 representation used to describe the geographical area where the user equipment
(UE) is located. The GAD shapes can take various forms, such as points, polygons,
or ellipses.
[0038] As used herein the transceiver unit include at least one receiver and at least
25 one transmitter configured respectively for receiving and transmitting data, signals,
information or a combination thereof between units/components within the system
and/or connected with the system.
[0039] As discussed in the background section, the current known solutions have
30 several shortcomings. The present disclosure aims to overcome the abovementioned
and other existing problems in this field of technology by providing
12
method and system of determining a location of a user equipment (UE) in a
telecommunication network.
[0040] As discussed in the background section, the current existing solutions do not
accurately determine position of a user equipment, 5 especially due to pre-defined
GAD shapes and failure to utilize neighbouring cell information.
[0041] The present disclosure aims to overcome the above-mentioned and other
existing problems in this field of technology by providing a solution to accurately
10 determine positioning of the approximate location of UE while receiving multiple
RSRPs values. The same may be achieved by utilizing neighbouring cell
information to dynamically generate GAD shapes.
[0042] Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be
15 described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0043] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary block diagram representation of 5th
generation core (5GC) network architecture, in accordance with exemplary
implementation of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 1, the 5GC network
20 architecture [100] includes a user equipment (UE) [102], a radio access network
(RAN) [104], an access and mobility management function (AMF) [106], a Session
Management Function (SMF) [108], a Service Communication Proxy (SCP) [110],
an Authentication Server Function (AUSF) [112], a Network Slice Specific
Authentication and Authorization Function (NSSAAF) [114], a Network Slice
25 Selection Function (NSSF) [116], a Network Exposure Function (NEF) [118], a
Network Repository Function (NRF) [120], a Policy Control Function (PCF) [122],
a Unified Data Management (UDM) [124], an application function (AF) [126], a
User Plane Function (UPF) [128], a data network (DN) [130], Location
Management Function (LMF) [132], Gateway Mobile Location Centre (GMLC)
30 [134] and Location Services (LCS) [136] wherein all the components are assumed
13
to be connected to each other in a manner as obvious to the person skilled in the art
for implementing features of the present disclosure.
[0044] Radio Access Network (RAN) [104] is the part of a mobile
telecommunications system that connects 5 user equipment (UE) [102] to the core
network (CN) and provides access to different types of networks (e.g., 5G network).
It consists of radio base stations and the radio access technologies that enable
wireless communication.
10 [0045] Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) [106] is a 5G core
network function responsible for managing access and mobility aspects, such as UE
registration, connection, and reachability. It also handles mobility management
procedures like handovers and paging.
15 [0046] Session Management Function (SMF) [108] is a 5G core network function
responsible for managing session-related aspects, such as establishing, modifying,
and releasing sessions. It coordinates with the User Plane Function (UPF) for data
forwarding and handles IP address allocation and QoS enforcement.
20 [0047] Service Communication Proxy (SCP) [110] is a network function in the
5G core network that facilitates communication between other network functions
by providing a secure and efficient messaging service. It acts as a mediator for
service-based interfaces.
25 [0048] Authentication Server Function (AUSF) [112] is a network function in
the 5G core responsible for authenticating UEs during registration and providing
security services. It generates and verifies authentication vectors and tokens.
[0049] Network Slice Specific Authentication and Authorization Function
30 (NSSAAF) [114] is a network function that provides authentication and
14
authorization services specific to network slices. It ensures that UEs can access only
the slices for which they are authorized.
[0050] Network Slice Selection Function (NSSF) [116] is a network function
responsible for selecting the appropriate network 5 slice for a UE based on factors
such as subscription, requested services, and network policies.
[0051] Network Exposure Function (NEF) [118] is a network function that
exposes capabilities and services of the 5G network to external applications,
10 enabling integration with third-party services and applications.
[0052] Network Repository Function (NRF) [120] is a network function that acts
as a central repository for information about available network functions and
services. It facilitates the discovery and dynamic registration of network functions.
15
[0053] Policy Control Function (PCF) [122] is a network function responsible for
policy control decisions, such as QoS, charging, and access control, based on
subscriber information and network policies.
20 [0054] Unified Data Management (UDM) [124] is a network function that
centralizes the management of subscriber data, including authentication,
authorization, and subscription information.
[0055] Application Function (AF) [126] is a network function that represents
25 external applications interfacing with the 5G core network to access network
capabilities and services.
[0056] User Plane Function (UPF) [128] is a network function responsible for
handling user data traffic, including packet routing, forwarding, and QoS
30 enforcement.
15
[0057] Data Network (DN) [130] refers to a network that provides data services
to user equipment (UE) in a telecommunications system. The data services may
include but are not limited to Internet services, private data network related services.
[0058] Location Management Function 5 (LMF) [132] is a network function in the
5G core responsible for managing the location information of user equipment (UE).
It coordinates with other network functions to determine and provide the geographic
location of a UE.
10 [0059] Gateway Mobile Location Centre (GMLC) [134] is a network entity that
serves as an interface between the 5G core network and external location-based
services. The GMLC retrieves location information from the LMF and other
relevant network functions and provides it to authorized external applications, such
as emergency services or location-based advertising platforms.
15
[0060] LCS (Location Services) is a service concept in system (e.g. GSM or
UMTS) standardization. LCS specifies all the necessary network elements and
entities, their functionalities, interfaces, as well as communication messages, due to
implement the positioning functionality in a cellular network.
20
[0061] LCS Client is software and/or hardware entity that interacts with a LCS
Server for the purpose of obtaining location information for one or more Mobile
Stations. LCS Clients subscribe to LCS in order to obtain location information. LCS
Clients may or may not interact with human users. The LCS Client is responsible
25 for formatting and presenting data and managing the user interface (dialogue). The
LCS Client may reside in the Mobile Station (UE).
[0062] FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary block diagram of a computing device [200]
upon which the features of the present disclosure may be implemented in
30 accordance with exemplary implementation of the present disclosure. In an
implementation, the computing device [200] may also implement a method for
16
determining a location of a user equipment (UE) in a telecommunication network
utilising the system. In another implementation, the computing device [200] itself
implements the method for determining a location of a user equipment (UE) in a
telecommunication network using one or more units configured within the
computing device [200], wherein 5 said one or more units are capable of
implementing the features as disclosed in the present disclosure.
[0063] The computing device [200] may include a bus [202] or other
communication mechanism for communicating information, and a hardware
10 processor [204] coupled with bus [202] for processing information. The hardware
processor [204] may be, for example, a general-purpose microprocessor. The
computing device [200] may also include a main memory [206], such as a randomaccess
memory (RAM), or other dynamic storage device, coupled to the bus [202]
for storing information and instructions to be executed by the processor [204]. The
15 main memory [206] also may be used for storing temporary variables or other
intermediate information during execution of the instructions to be executed by the
processor [204]. Such instructions, when stored in non-transitory storage media
accessible to the processor [204], render the computing device [200] into a specialpurpose
machine that is customized to perform the operations specified in the
20 instructions. The computing device [200] further includes a read only memory
(ROM) [208] or other static storage device coupled to the bus [202] for storing static
information and instructions for the processor [204].
[0064] A storage device [210], such as a magnetic disk, optical disk, or solid-state
25 drive is provided and coupled to the bus [202] for storing information and
instructions. The computing device [200] may be coupled via the bus [202] to a
display [212], such as a cathode ray tube (CRT), Liquid crystal Display (LCD),
Light Emitting Diode (LED) display, Organic LED (OLED) display, etc. for
displaying information to a computer user. An input device [214], including
30 alphanumeric and other keys, touch screen input means, etc. may be coupled to the
bus [202] for communicating information and command selections to the processor
17
[204]. Another type of user input device may be a cursor controller [216], such as a
mouse, a trackball, or cursor direction keys, for communicating direction
information and command selections to the processor [204], and for controlling
cursor movement on the display [212]. This input device typically has two degrees
of freedom in two axes, a first axis (e.g., x) and 5 a second axis (e.g., y), that allow
the device to specify positions in a plane.
[0065] The computing device [200] may implement the techniques described
herein using customized hard-wired logic, one or more ASICs or FPGAs, firmware
10 and/or program logic which in combination with the computing device [200] causes
or programs the computing device [200] to be a special-purpose machine.
According to one implementation, the techniques herein are performed by the
computing device [200] in response to the processor [204] executing one or more
sequences of one or more instructions contained in the main memory [206]. Such
15 instructions may be read into the main memory [206] from another storage medium,
such as the storage device [210]. Execution of the sequences of instructions
contained in the main memory [206] causes the processor [204] to perform the
process steps described herein. In alternative implementations of the present
disclosure, hard-wired circuitry may be used in place of or in combination with
20 software instructions.
[0066] The computing device [200] also may include a communication interface
[218] coupled to the bus [202]. The communication interface [218] provides a twoway
data communication coupling to a network link [220] that is connected to a
25 local network [222]. For example, the communication interface [218] may be an
integrated services digital network (ISDN) card, cable modem, satellite modem, or
a modem to provide a data communication connection to a corresponding type of
telephone line. As another example, the communication interface [218] may be a
local area network (LAN) card to provide a data communication connection to a
30 compatible LAN. Wireless links may also be implemented. In any such
implementation, the communication interface [218] sends and receives electrical,
18
electromagnetic or optical signals that carry digital data streams representing
various types of information.
[0067] The computing device [200] can send messages and receive data, including
program code, through 5 the network(s), the network link [220] and the
communication interface [218]. In the Internet example, a server [230] might
transmit a requested code for an application program through the Internet [228], the
ISP [226], the local network [222], the host [224] and the communication interface
[218]. The received code may be executed by the processor [204] as it is received,
10 and/or stored in the storage device [210], or other non-volatile storage for later
execution.
[0068] Referring to FIG. 3, an exemplary block diagram of a system [300] for
determining a location of a user equipment (UE) in a telecommunication network,
15 is shown, in accordance with the exemplary implementations of the present
disclosure. Further, FIG. 4 illustrates a system architecture [500] for determining a
location of a user equipment (UE) in a telecommunication network, in accordance
with an exemplary implementation of the present disclosure.
20 [0069] FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 have been explained simultaneously and may be read in
conjunction with each other.
[0070] As depicted in FIG. 3, the system [300] may include at least one transceiver
unit [302], at least one processing unit [304], at least one determination unit [306],
25 and at least one storage unit [308]. Also, all of the components/ units of the system
[300] are assumed to be connected to each other unless otherwise indicated below.
As shown in the figures all units shown within the system [300] should also be
assumed to be connected to each other. Also, in FIG. 3 only a few units are shown,
however, the system [300] may comprise multiple such units or the system [300]
30 may comprise any such numbers of said units, as required to implement the features
of the present disclosure. Further, in an implementation, the system [300] may be
19
present in a user device/ user equipment [102] to implement the features of the
present disclosure. The system [300] may be a part of the user device [102]/ or may
be independent of but in communication with the user device [102] (may also
referred herein as a UE). In another implementation, the system [300] may reside
in a server or a network entity. In yet 5 another implementation, the system [300] may
reside partly in the server/ network entity and partly in the user device.
[0071] The system [300] is configured for determining a location of a user
equipment (UE) in a telecommunication network, with the help of the
10 interconnection between the components/units of the system [300]. In one example,
the system [300] may be implemented as or within a Location Management
Function (LMF) of the 5GC. In such cases, the different units, as depicted in FIG.
3, may be a part of the LMF.
15 [0072] In operation, a User Equipment (UE) may be present and operating in the
telecommunication network. For example, the UE may moving across different
geographical locations and communicating with the telecommunication network.
During the course of movement, the UE may keep connecting and communicating
with the base station. In the context of the telecommunication network being a 5th
20 Generation (5G) network, the UE, during the course of its movement, may connect
with different gNodeB.
[0073] During operation, the UE may transmit a plurality of parameters, associated
with the UE, to the gNodeB. Examples of such parameters may include may
25 include, but are not limited to, serving cell ID, neighbouring cell ID, timing advance
of the serving cell, serving cell RSRP, neighbouring cell RSRP, Subscription
Permanent Identifier (SUPI) of the UE, Quality of Service (QoS), Service ID, and
a combination thereof.
30 [0074] As would be understood, the serving cell may refer to the cell in which the
UE is operating, and the cells adjacent to the serving cell of the UE may be referred
20
to as neighbouring cells. Further, the time advance of the serving cell may be
referred to as an estimation of the time difference between its reception and
transmission time at the UE antenna.
[0075] The gNodeB, on obtaining the one or 5 more parameters from the UE, may
transmit the same to the 5GC. In one example, along with the parameters received
from the UE, the gNodeB may transmit additional parameters to the 5GC. For
example, the gNodeB may transmit the angle of arrival as well to the 5GC.
However, it may be noted that such parameter is only exemplary, and in no manner
10 to be construed to limit the scope of the present subject matter in any manner.
[0076] Continuing further, in an implementation of the present subject matter, the
transceiver unit [302] may receive a location request at a Location Management
Function (LMF) from at least one network function. The location request may
15 include at least one or more parameters associated with the User Equipment (UE).
This has been depicted as Step 402 in FIG. 4.
[0077] For example, as described previously, the transceiver unit, at the LMF, may
receive the location request from the gNodeB via a Network Function. The location
20 request referred herewith is a signal or command sent by the gNodeB to the 5GC to
initiate the process of determining the UE’s location. Further, examples of
parameters associated with the UE, included within the location request, may
include, but are not limited to, serving cell ID, one or more neighbouring cell ID,
timing advance of the serving cell, serving cell RSRP, neighbouring cell RSRP,
25 Subscription Permanent Identifier (SUPI) of the UE, Quality of Service (QoS),
Service ID, amfId, correlationID, locationQoS details, NCGI, and a combination
thereof.
[0078] In another example, the location request and the corresponding one or more
30 parameters may be received in JSON format. However, any other format may also
be used and would lie within the scope of the present subject matter.
21
[0079] Continuing further, in one example, the network function may be Access
and Mobility Management Function (AMF). In such cases, the gNodeB may
transmit the location request to the AMF, and the transceiver unit [302], at the LMF,
may 5 receive the location request from the AMF.
[0080] In another example, the NF such as GMLC [134] or external node such as
LCS client [136] transmits the location request to the AMF, and the AMF receives
measurements and parameters associated with the UE from one or more gNodeBs.
10 Further, the AMF transmits the location request along with measurement and
parameters associated with the UE to the LMF.
[0081] It may be noted that such example of NF being an AMF is only exemplary,
and in no manner to be construed to limit the scope of the present subject matter in
15 any manner. The transceiver unit [302] may receive the location request from the
gNodeB via any other NF, consumer NF, service, or any other component within
the 5GC. All such examples would lie within the scope of the present subject matter.
[0082] Based on the one or more parameters included in the location request, the
20 LMF may choose which positioning method to initiate. Such parameters associated
with the UE (received from the gNodeB via the NF) may aid in selection of
appropriate and most suitable positioning criteria and method. In one example, the
LMF may include a set of pre-defined positioning criteria to select based on the
relevant parameters. In another example, based on specifically QoS and Service ID,
25 the LMF may select the positioning method. In yet another example, based on the
location request and the one or more parameters included therein, the LMF may
initiate E-CID (Enhanced Cell ID) positioning method.
[0083] In the case of the positioning method being E-CID, the LMF may select
30 either Uplink E-CID or Downlink E-CID. As would be understood, Uplink E-CID
may refer to a positioning method where measurements or parameters are provided
22
by the gNodeB, using NR positioning protocol A (NRPPa) procedures or based on
the uplink signals (i.e., signals sent from the UE to the gNodeB). Further, Downlink
E-CID may refer to a positioning method where measurements are provided by the
UE using LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP) procedures or based on the downlink
signals (i.e., signals s 5 ent from the gNodeB to the UE).
[0084] Continuing further, as a part of E-CID positioning method, the processing
unit [304] may thereafter process the location request and the corresponding one or
more parameters associated with the UE to identify at least one of a serving radio
10 access node and at least one neighbouring radio access node. The processing unit
[304] may also identify one or more measurements from the serving radio access
node and the at least one neighbouring radio access node. This has been depicted as
Step 404 in FIG. 4.
15 [0085] As would be understood, the serving radio access node may be referred to
as the primary node providing service to the UE. Further, the neighbouring nodes
may be referred to as the nodes adjacent to the serving node, which are also involved
in providing network coverage.
20 [0086] For example, as described previously, the UE, while sending parameters and
measurements to the gNodeB, may transmit the IDs and corresponding RSRP
measurements of the serving radio access node, as well as at least one neighbouring
radio access node. The processing unit [304] may process these parameters to
identify the serving radio access node, at least one neighbouring radio access node
25 associated with the UE, and corresponding RSRP measurements associated with
these nodes.
[0087] Further, as would be noted, these measurements are taken from both the
serving radio access node, which is the primary node providing service to the UE,
30 and at least one neighbouring radio access node. This data, i.e., the measurements
23
helps in determining the location of the UE by assessing the signal strengths from
various nodes.
[0088] In an example, the serving radio access node may have a stronger RSRP
measurement value than the at least one neighbouring 5 radio access node. The RSRP
stands for Reference Signal Received Power that indicates the measurement of the
power level of reference signals received by the UE from radio access nodes, used
to evaluate signal strength.
10 [0089] Continuing further, the determination unit [306] may then determine, via the
LMF, one or more location areas of the UE based on the identified one or more
RSRP measurements. This has been depicted as Step 406 in FIG. 4.
[0090] In an implementation of the present disclosure, the one or more location
15 areas of the UE refers to the possible geographical regions or zones where the user
equipment (UE) may be located.
[0091] Further, the determination of the location areas may be made using the
measurements of Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) that were collected
20 from the serving radio access node and the neighbouring radio access nodes
associated with the UE.
[0092] Further, the determination unit [306] is configured to determine, via the
LMF, a commonly shared location area based on the determined one or more
25 location areas of the UE, wherein the commonly shared location area is determined
based on an intersection of the one or more areas of the serving radio access node
and the at least one neighbouring radio access node. This has been depicted as Step
408 in FIG. 4.
30 [0093] In an implementation of the present disclosure, the commonly shared
location area refers to a specific geographical region where the user equipment (UE)
24
is likely to be located. The area is identified by overlapping the location areas
determined from different radio access nodes.
[0094] The initial location areas are identified based on measurements from both
the serving radio access node (the 5 primary node providing service to the UE) and
at least one neighbouring radio access node (adjacent nodes).
[0095] The intersection of the one or more areas is the process of finding a common
area that overlaps between the location areas. This intersection represents a more
10 accurate location of the UE.
[0096] Further, the processing unit [304] is configured to provide a Geographical
Area Description (GAD) shape based on the determined commonly shared location
area of the UE. This has been depicted as Step 410 in FIG. 4.
15
[0097] As would be understood, the Geographical Area Description (GAD) shape
is a format or representation used to describe the geographical area where the user
equipment (UE) is located. The GAD shapes can take various forms, such as points,
polygons, or ellipses. The GAD shape is generated using the previously identified
20 commonly shared location area. This area may be determined by finding the
intersection of the location areas from the serving and neighbouring radio access
nodes.
[0098] In an example, the GAD shape is selected from a group comprising of an
25 Ellipsoid Point, Ellipsoid Arc, Ellipsoid point with uncertainty circle, Ellipsoid
point with uncertainty ellipse, polygon, Ellipsoid point with Altitude, Ellipsoid
point with altitude and uncertainty ellipsoid.
[0099] In an implementation of the present disclosure, the Ellipsoid Point is single
30 point on the Earth's surface, considering the Earth's ellipsoid shape, used to
represent a precise location.
25
[0100] The Ellipsoid Arc is a curved line segment on the Earth's ellipsoid surface,
representing a path or a segment of a path.
[0101] The Ellipsoid point with uncertainty 5 circle is an ellipsoid point with an
associated circular area that represents the uncertainty around the exact location.
The circle indicates that the exact location could be anywhere within this radius.
[0102] The Ellipsoid point with uncertainty ellipse similar to the uncertainty circle,
10 but the area of uncertainty is shaped like an ellipse, providing a more refined
representation of the location's uncertainty, taking into account directional
variations in the location's precision.
[0103] The Polygon is multisided geometric shape that encloses a specific area on
15 the Earth's surface, used to represent the UE's location as an area rather than a single
point.
[0104] The Ellipsoid point with Altitude is a point on the Earth's ellipsoid surface
that includes an altitude value, providing a three-dimensional location (latitude,
20 longitude, and altitude).
[0105] The Ellipsoid point with altitude and uncertainty ellipsoid is a threedimensional
point with altitude that also includes an ellipsoid shaped area of
uncertainty, indicating that the UE's exact location could be anywhere within this
25 3D volume.
[0106] Continuing further, in cases where LMF receives RSRP measurement only
from the serving radio access node, the processing unit [304], along with the
determination unit [306], may determine and provide the GAD shape as Ellipsoid
30 Arc. In another example, in cases where LMF receives RSRP measurement from a
26
serving radio access node and distinct neighbouring radio access node, the GAD
shape may be Ellipse.
[0107] However, it may be noted that such examples are only exemplary, and
provided only for the sake of understanding. 5 Any other examples would also lie
within the scope of the present subject matter.
[0108] Referring to FIG. 5, an exemplary method flow diagram [500] for
determining a location of a user equipment (UE) in a telecommunication network,
10 in accordance with exemplary implementations of the present disclosure is shown.
In an implementation the method [500] is performed by the system [300]. Further,
in an implementation, the system [300] may be present in a server device to
implement the features of the present disclosure. Also, as shown in FIG. 5, the
method [500] starts at step [502].
15
[0109] At step [504], the method comprises receiving, by a transceiver unit [302]
at a Location Management Function (LMF), a location request from at least one
network function (NF), the location request comprising at least one or more
parameters associated with a UE.
20
[0110] In operation, a User Equipment (UE) may be present and operating in the
telecommunication network. For example, the UE may moving across different
geographical locations and communicating with the telecommunication network.
During the course of movement, the UE may keep connecting and communicating
25 with the base station. In the context of the telecommunication network being a 5th
Generation (5G) network, the UE, during the course of its movement, may connect
with different gNodeB.
[0111] During operation, the UE may transmit a plurality of parameters, associated
30 with the UE, to the gNodeB. Examples of such parameters may include may
include, but are not limited to, serving cell ID, neighbouring cell ID, timing advance
27
of the serving cell, serving cell RSRP, neighbouring cell RSRP, Subscription
Permanent Identifier (SUPI) of the UE, Quality of Service (QoS), Service ID, and
a combination thereof.
[0112] As would be understood, the serving cell 5 may refer to the cell in which the
UE is operating, and the cells adjacent to the serving cell of the UE may be referred
to as neighbouring cells.
[0113] The gNodeB, on obtaining the one or more parameters from the UE, may
10 transmit the same to the 5GC.
[0114] At step [506], the method comprises, processing, by a processing unit [304],
the location request and the corresponding one or more parameters to identify at
least one of a serving radio access node and at least one neighbouring radio access
15 node associated with the UE, and further identify one or more Reference Signal
Received Power (RSRP) measurements from the serving radio access node and at
least one neighbouring radio access node.
[0115] For example, the transceiver unit, at the LMF, may receive the location
20 request from the gNodeB via a Network Function. The location request referred
herewith is a signal or command sent by the gNodeB to the 5GC to initiate the
process of determining the UE’s location. Further, examples of parameters
associated with the UE, included within the location request, may include, but are
not limited to, serving cell ID, neighbouring cell ID, timing advance of the serving
25 cell, serving cell RSRP, neighbouring cell RSRP, Subscription Permanent Identifier
(SUPI) of the UE, Quality of Service (QoS), Service ID, amfId, correlationID,
locationQoS details, NCGI, and a combination thereof.
[0116] Continuing further, in one example, the network function may be Access
30 and Mobility Management Function (AMF). In such cases, the gNodeB may
28
transmit the location request to the AMF, and the transceiver unit [302], at the LMF,
may receive the location request from the AMF.
[0117] Based on the one or more parameters included in the location request, the
LMF may choose which positioning 5 method to initiate. Such parameters associated
with the UE (received from the gNodeB via the NF) may aid in selection of
appropriate and most suitable positioning criteria and method. In one example, the
LMF may include a set of pre-defined positioning criteria to select based on the
relevant parameters. In another example, based on specifically QoS and Service ID,
10 the LMF may select the positioning method. In yet another example, based on the
location request and the one or more parameters included therein, the LMF may
initiate E-CID (Enhanced Cell ID) positioning method.
[0118] In the case of the positioning method being E-CID, the LMF may select
15 either Uplink E-CID or Downlink E-CID. As would be understood, Uplink E-CID
may refer to a positioning method where measurements or parameters are provided
by the gNodeB, using NR positioning protocol A (NRPPa) procedures or based on
the uplink signals (i.e., signals sent from the UE to the gNodeB). Further, Downlink
E-CID may refer to a positioning method where measurements are provided by the
20 UE using LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP) procedures or based on the downlink
signals (i.e., signals sent from the gNodeB to the UE).
[0119] Continuing further, as a part of ECID positioning method, the processing
unit [304] may thereafter process the location request and the corresponding one or
25 more parameters associated with the UE to identify at least one of a serving radio
access node and at least one neighbouring radio access node. The processing unit
[304] may also identify one or more measurements from the serving radio access
node and the at least one neighbouring radio access node.
30 [0120] As would be understood, the serving radio access node may be referred to
as the primary node providing service to the UE. Further, the neighbouring nodes
29
may be referred to as the nodes adjacent to the serving node, which are also involved
in providing network coverage.
[0121] For example, as described previously, the UE, while sending parameters and
measurements to the gNodeB, may transmit 5 the IDs and corresponding RSRP
measurements of the serving radio access node, as well as at least one neighbouring
radio access node. The processing unit [304] may process these parameters to
identify the serving radio access node, at least one neighbouring radio access node
associated with the UE, and corresponding RSRP measurements associated with
10 these nodes.
[0122] Further, as would be noted, these measurements are taken from both the
serving radio access node, which is the primary node providing service to the UE,
and at least one neighbouring radio access node. This data, i.e., the measurements
15 helps in determining the location of the UE by assessing the signal strengths from
various nodes.
[0123] In an example, the serving radio access node may have a stronger RSRP
measurement value than the at least one neighbouring radio access node. The RSRP
20 stands for Reference Signal Received Power that indicates the measurement of the
power level of reference signals received by the UE from radio access nodes, used
to evaluate signal strength.
[0124] At step [508], the method comprises, determining, by a determination unit
25 [306] at the LMF, one or more location areas of the UE based on the obtained one
or more RSRP measurements.
[0125] In an implementation of the present disclosure, the one or more location
areas of the UE refers to the possible geographical regions or zones where the user
30 equipment (UE) may be located.
30
[0126] Further, the determination of the location areas may be made using the
measurements of Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) that were collected
from the serving radio access node and the neighbouring radio access nodes
associated with the UE.
5
[0127] At step [510], the method comprises, determining, by the determination unit
[306] at the LMF, a commonly shared location area based on the determined one or
more location areas of the UE, wherein the commonly shared location area is
determined based on an intersection of the one or more location areas of the serving
10 radio access node and the at least one neighbouring radio access node.
[0128] In an implementation of the present disclosure, the commonly shared
location area refers to a specific geographical region where the user equipment (UE)
is likely to be located. The area is identified by overlapping the location areas
15 determined from different radio access nodes.
[0129] The initial location areas are identified based on measurements from both
the serving radio access node (the primary node providing service to the UE) and
at least one neighbouring radio access node (adjacent nodes).
20
[0130] The intersection of the one or more areas is the process of finding a common
area that overlaps between the location areas. This intersection represents a more
accurate location of the UE.
25 [0131] At step [512], the method comprises, providing, by the processing unit [304]
at the LMF, a Geographical Area Description (GAD) shape based on the determined
commonly shared location area of the UE.
[0132] In one example, the GAD shapes can take various forms, such as points,
30 polygons, or ellipses. The GAD shape is generated using the previously identified
commonly shared location area. This area may be determined by finding the
31
intersection of the location areas from the serving and neighbouring radio access
nodes.
[0133] In an example, the GAD shape is selected from a group comprising of an
Ellipsoid Point, Ellipsoid Arc, Ellipsoid 5 point with uncertainty circle, Ellipsoid
point with uncertainty ellipse, polygon, Ellipsoid point with Altitude, Ellipsoid
point with altitude and uncertainty ellipsoid.
[0134] Continuing further, in cases where LMF receives RSRP measurement only
10 from the serving radio access node, the processing unit [304], along with the
determination unit [306], may determine and provide the GAD shape as Ellipsoid
Arc. In another example, in cases where LMF receives RSRP measurement from a
serving radio access node and distinct neighbouring radio access node, the GAD
shape may be Ellipse.
15
[0135] Thereafter, the method terminates at step [514].
[0136] The present disclosure further discloses a non-transitory computer readable
storage medium storing instructions for determining a location of a User Equipment
20 (UE) in a telecommunication network, the instructions include executable code
which, when executed by one or more units of a system [300], causes a transceiver
unit [302] of the system [300] to receive a location request at a Location
Management Function (LMF) from at least one network function (NF), the location
request comprising at least one or more parameters associated with a UE. Further,
25 the instructions include executable code which, when executed causes a processing
unit [304] to process the location request and the corresponding one or more
parameters to identify at least one of: a serving radio access node and at least one
neighbouring radio access node associated with the UE; and one or more Reference
Signal Received Power (RSRP) measurements from the serving radio access node
30 and the at least one neighbouring radio access node. Further, the instructions include
executable code which, when executed causes a determination unit [306] to
32
determine one or more location areas of the UE based on the identified one or more
RSRP measurements. Further, the instructions include executable code which,
when executed causes the determination unit [306] to determine a commonly shared
location area based on the determined one or more location areas of the UE, wherein
the commonly shared location area is 5 determined based on an intersection of the
one or more location areas of the serving radio access node and the at least one
neighbouring radio access node. Further, the instructions include executable code
which, when executed causes the processing unit [304] to provide a Geographical
Area Description (GAD) shape based on the determined commonly shared location
10 area of the UE.
[0137] As is evident from the above, the present disclosure provides a technically
advanced solution in determining positioning of a user equipment by utilising
multiple measurements from serving and neighbouring cell information and also,
15 dynamically generating GAD shapes based on shared location area.
[0138] While considerable emphasis has been placed herein on the disclosed
implementations, it will be appreciated that many implementations can be made and
that many changes can be made to the implementations without departing from the
20 principles of the present disclosure. These and other changes in the implementations
of the present disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art, whereby it is to
be understood that the foregoing descriptive matter to be implemented is illustrative
and non-limiting.
25 [0139] Further, in accordance with the present disclosure, it is to be acknowledged
that the functionality described for the various components/units can be
implemented interchangeably. While specific embodiments may disclose a
particular functionality of these units for clarity, it is recognized that various
configurations and combinations thereof are within the scope of the disclosure. The
30 functionality of specific units as disclosed in the disclosure should not be construed
as limiting the scope of the present disclosure. Consequently, alternative
33
arrangements and substitutions of units, provided they achieve the intended
functionality described herein, are considered to be encompassed within the scope
of the present disclosure.

We Claim:

1. A method [500] for determining a location of a user equipment (UE) in a telecommunication network, the method comprising:
receiving [504], by a transceiver unit [302] at a Location Management
Function (LMF) [132], a location request from at least one network function
(NF), the location request comprising at least one or more parameters
associated with a UE;
processing [506], by a processing unit [304], the location request and
the corresponding one or more parameters to identify at least one of:
a serving radio access node and at least one neighbouring radio
access node associated with the UE, and
one or more Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)
measurements from the serving radio access node and the at least one
neighbouring radio access node;
determining [508], by a determination unit [306] at the LMF, one or
more location areas of the UE based on the identified one or more RSRP
measurements;
determining [510], by the determination unit [306] at the LMF, a
commonly shared location area based on the determined one or more location
areas of the UE, wherein the commonly shared location area is determined
based on an intersection of the one or more location areas of the serving radio
access node and the at least one neighbouring radio access node; and
providing [512], by the processing unit [304] at the LMF, a
Geographical Area Description (GAD) shape based on the determined
commonly shared location area of the UE.

2. The method [500] as claimed in claim 1, wherein the one or more parameters associated with the UE comprise at least one of serving cell ID, neighbouring cell ID, timing advance of the serving cell, serving cell RSRP, neighbouring cell RSRP, Subscription Permanent Identifier (SUPI) of the UE, Quality of Service (QoS), Service ID, and a combination thereof.

3. The method [500] as claimed in claim 1, wherein the GAD shape is selected from a group comprising of Ellipsoid Point, Ellipsoid Arc, Ellipsoid point with uncertainty circle, 5 Ellipsoid point with uncertainty ellipse, polygon, Ellipsoid point with Altitude, Ellipsoid point with altitude and uncertainty ellipsoid.

4. The method [500] as claimed in claim 1, wherein the serving radio access node has a stronger RSRP measurement value than the at least one
neighbouring radio access node.

5. A system [300] for determining a location of a user equipment (UE) in a telecommunication network, the system [300] comprising:
o a transceiver unit [302] configured to receive a location request at
a Location Management Function (LMF) from at least one
network function (NF), the location request comprising at least
one or more parameters associated with a UE;
o a processing unit [304] connected at least with the transceiver unit
[302], the processing unit [304] configured to:
 process the location request and the corresponding one or
more parameters to identify at least one of:
 a serving radio access node and at least one
neighbouring radio access node associated with the
UE, and
 one or more Reference Signal Received Power
(RSRP) measurements from the serving radio
access node and the at least one neighbouring radio
access node;
o a determination unit [306] connected at least with the transceiver
unit [302] and the processing unit [304], the determination unit
[306] configured to:
 determine one or more location areas of the UE based on
the identified one or more RSRP measurements;
 determine a commonly shared location area based on the
determined one or more location areas of the UE, wherein
the commonly shared location area is determined based on
an intersection of the one or more location areas of the
serving radio access node and the at least one neighbouring
radio access node; and
o the processing unit [304] further configured to provide a
Geographical Area Description (GAD) shape based on the
determined commonly shared location area of the UE.

6. The system [300] as claimed in claim 5, wherein the one or more parameters associated with the UE comprise at least one of serving cell ID, neighbouring cell ID, timing advance of the serving cell, serving cell RSRP, neighbouring cell RSRP, Subscription Permanent Identifier (SUPI) of the UE, Quality of Service (QoS), Service ID, and a combination thereof.

7. The system [300] as claimed in claim 5, wherein the GAD shape is selected from a group comprising of Ellipsoid Point, Ellipsoid Arc, Ellipsoid point with uncertainty circle, Ellipsoid point with uncertainty ellipse, polygon, Ellipsoid point with Altitude, Ellipsoid point with altitude and uncertainty ellipsoid.

8. The system [300] as claimed in claim 5, wherein the serving radio access node has a stronger RSRP measurement value than the at least one
neighbouring radio access node.

Dated this the 31st Day of August, 2023