DESC:BODY CONTROL UNIT FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLE
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
The present application claims priority from Indian Provisional Patent Application No. 202321075157 filed on 03/11/2023, the entirety of which is incorporated herein by a reference.
TECHNICAL FIELD
Generally, the present disclosure relates to the field of Body Control Unit (BCU). Particularly, the present disclosure relates to a body control unit for an electric vehicle.
BACKGROUND
Typically, a vehicle comprises various electrical parts that are controlled independently. However, as the number of electrical parts increases, the possibility of errors in the vehicle operating functions also rises. The errors in the operating function of the vehicle arises due to (but not limited to) sensor errors, actuator failures, Electronic Control Unit (ECU) errors, system integration errors, and feedback errors.
Conventionally, the vehicles incorporate a state machine model to detect the errors in the operating functions of the vehicle. Further, a state machine model for the body control unit allows for structured and systematic error detection and handling. Specifically, the state machine model involves transitions between different states based on inputs from sensors and the electronic control unit (ECU). The state machine model for the BCU consists of states, transitions, and events. Initially, The BCU starts in the normal state, all sensors are initialized, and baseline readings are established. In the event of sensor reading or operating function malfunction, the transition is established from a normal state to a warning state. Further, if the malfunction of the operating function is continuous, the transition is established from a warning state to an error state. Consequently, the rider is altered immediately, and the transition is established from the error state to the maintenance state. Therefore, based on the transitions in the state machine model, the errors in the operation of the electrical components are detected.
However, there are certain underlining problems associated with the above-mentioned existing mechanism of detecting errors in the operating functions of the vehicle. For instance, as the number of states and transitions increases, managing and maintaining the state machine becomes more complex, leading to a state explosion problem. Further, If multiple sensor inputs and ECU messages are processed simultaneously, the state machine struggles to handle concurrent events, leading to missed transitions or incorrect state assignments. Therefore, the state machine model has a range of technical challenges that impact the functionality, reliability, and user experience of the vehicle.
Therefore, there exists a need for a mechanism for controlling the operating function of a vehicle that is efficient and safe that overcomes one or more problems as mentioned above.
SUMMARY
An object of the present disclosure is to provide a system for controlling at least one operating function of a vehicle.
Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a method of controlling at least one operating function of a vehicle.
Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide a system and method for controlling at least one operating function of a vehicle, with improved efficiency and safety.
In accordance with a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a system for controlling at least one operating function of a vehicle, the system comprises:
- at least one switching device;
- at least one sensor coupled with at least one switching device;
- at least one electronic control unit communicably coupled with the at least one switching device;
- a body control unit communicably coupled with the at least one electronic control unit
- a memory module coupled with the body control unit ; and
- at least one actuator electrically coupled with the body control unit;
wherein the body control unit is configured to detect at least one error corresponding to the at least one operating function based on inputs received from the at least one sensor, and the at least one electronic control unit.
The system and method for controlling at least one operating function of a vehicle, as described in the present disclosure, is advantageous in terms of providing a system with enhanced efficiency for controlling at least one operating function of a vehicle. Advantageously, the system detects errors corresponding to the at least one operating function and, thereby preventing potential failures and enhancing the safety of the vehicle. Further, memory module stores the error in the form of error codes and therefore, allowing for long-term data retention, enabling the tracking of vehicle health and performance over time.
In accordance with another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method of controlling at least one operating function of a vehicle, the method comprising:
- receiving inputs from at least one sensor and/or at least one electronic control unit;
- sending the received inputs to a body control unit;
- comparing the received inputs with a threshold value, via body control unit;
- classifying the at least one error corresponding to the at least one operating function of the vehicle, via body control unit;
- assigning error codes to the classified error corresponding to the at least one operating function.
Additional aspects, advantages, features, and objects of the present disclosure would be made apparent from the drawings and the detailed description of the illustrative embodiments constructed in conjunction with the appended claims that follow.
It will be appreciated that features of the present disclosure are susceptible to being combined in various combinations without departing from the scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
The summary above, as well as the following detailed description of illustrative embodiments, is better understood when read in conjunction with the appended drawings. For the purpose of illustrating the present disclosure, exemplary constructions of the disclosure are shown in the drawings. However, the present disclosure is not limited to specific methods and instrumentalities disclosed herein. Moreover, those in the art will understand that the drawings are not to scale. Wherever possible, like elements have been indicated by identical numbers.
Embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the following diagrams wherein:
Figure 1 illustrates a block diagram of a system for controlling at least one operating function of a vehicle, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Figure 2 illustrates a flow chart of a method of controlling at least one operating function of a vehicle, in accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure.
In the accompanying drawings, an underlined number is employed to represent an item over which the underlined number is positioned or an item to which the underlined number is adjacent. A non-underlined number relates to an item identified by a line linking the non-underlined number to the item. When a number is non-underlined and accompanied by an associated arrow, the non-underlined number is used to identify a general item at which the arrow is pointing.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The following detailed description illustrates embodiments of the present disclosure and ways in which they can be implemented. Although some modes of carrying out the present disclosure have been disclosed, those skilled in the art would recognize that other embodiments for carrying out or practicing the present disclosure are also possible.
As used herein, the terms “switching devices”, “switching elements”, and “switches” are used interchangeably and refer to the engagement mechanism in a vehicle that allows a rider to connect or engage different operational states of the bike, particularly in relation to transmission and drivetrain. Further, the switching devices enable the transfer of power from the battery to the wheels and facilitate various functions such as (but not limited to) changing gears, operating the clutch, or engaging the brake.
As used herein, the term “sensors” refers to devices that detect and measure various physical parameters of a vehicle, thereby providing critical data to the vehicle control systems. The sensors play a vital role in ensuring the efficient operation, safety, and performance of the vehicle by monitoring associated surrounding conditions, system states, and operating conditions. Various sensors may include (but not limited to) current sensors, voltage sensors, accelerometer, and wheel speed sensors. Additionally, sensors may also include GPS Sensors, pressure sensors and radar sensors.
As used herein, the terms “electronic control unit”, and “ECU” are used interchangeably and refer to an electronic device that manages and regulates various functions of the vehicle. Further, the electronic control unit acts as a central processing unit, integrating inputs from sensors and user controls to optimize performance, ensure safety, and enhance the overall riding experience. Furthermore, the ECU monitors key parameters such as (but not limited to) motor operation, battery status, and environmental conditions, allowing for real-time adjustments to improve efficiency and reliability.
As used herein, the terms “body control unit” and “BCU” are used interchangeably and refer to an electronic module that manages and controls non-powertrain functions related to the vehicle's body and comfort features. The non-powertrain functions include (but not limited to) lighting, door locks, window controls, climate control, and other convenience features. The BCU acts as a central hub for non-powertrain functions, facilitating communication between different components and ensuring seamless operation.
As used herein, the terms “memory module”, and “memory unit” are used interchangeably and refer to a hardware component that stores data temporarily or permanently in a computer or an electronic device. The memory module consists of a circuit board with memory chips to store the data. The memory modules are categorized based on the types of storage. For instance, Random Access Memory (RAM) is a temporary storage that provides fast access to the data. Additionally, various types of memory modules may include (but not limited to) Read-only memory (ROM), flash Memory, and cache memory.
As used herein, the term “actuator” refers to a device or component that converts a form of energy into physical-mechanical motion (linear and/or rotational motion). The actuators are controlled by a control system through electrical signals to perform a desired action. The types of actuators may include, but not limited to, shift actuators, solenoid actuators, electric actuators, hydraulic actuators, servo actuators, piezoelectric actuators, and so forth.
As used herein, the term “user input” refers to actions and commands initiated by the rider to control and interact with the vehicle operations and features. Further, the user input comprises controls and interfaces that enable the rider to adjust settings, manage power delivery, and operate the vehicle safely. Various types of user input may include (but not limited to) physical controls, throttle levers, brake levers, digital interfaces that provide feedback, and options for customization of the vehicle parameters settings.
As used herein, the term “operating mode” refers to preset configurations that adjust the vehicle performance parameters according to different riding conditions or rider preferences. Further, the riding modes modify aspects such as (but not limited to) power output, throttle response, regenerative braking levels, and traction control, enabling the rider to optimize their experience based on factors for example, terrain, weather, or desired performance. Various types of riding modes may include (but not limited to) eco mode, normal mode, sports mode, and rain mode.
As used herein, the term “gear position sensor” refers to a device that detects the position of the gear and sends the data as an electrical signal to the control unit. The gear position sensor measures the rotation angle of the shift drum installed on the transmission system and converts the measured rotation angle to a corresponding voltage value.
As used herein, the term “rotor position sensor” refers to a device that detects the position of the rotor inside a motor. Further, the rotor position sensor measures the angular position or rotational speed of the rotor within an electric motor. The rotor position sensor provides real-time feedback to the motor controller or control unit, enabling precise control of the motor's performance and operation.
As used herein, the terms “battery management system” and “BMS” are used interchangeably and refer to an electronic system that manages and monitors the performance, health, and safety of the vehicle's battery pack. Further, the BMS ensures optimal battery operation by managing various functions such as (but not limited to) charging, discharging, temperature control, and state of charge (SoC) assessment. Furthermore, the BMS protects the battery from potential hazards like overcharging, deep discharging, and thermal runaway, thereby enhancing battery life and performance.
As used herein, the terms “thermal management system” and “TMS” are used interchangeably and refer to a management system designed to regulate the temperature of the vehicle's components, particularly vehicle battery, motor, and power electronics. Further, the TMS maintains optimal operating temperatures to ensure the efficiency, performance, safety, and longevity of the vehicle components. Therefore, effective thermal management prevents overheating and enhances the overall reliability of the vehicle.
As used herein, the terms “instrument cluster”, “Vehicle instrument cluster”, “VIC”, “infotainment cluster”, and “infotainment system” are used interchangeably and refer to a centralized assembly of gauges, indicators, and displays located in front of a rider on a vehicle’s steering assembly or within the rider's field of vision. Further, the vehicle instrument cluster enables the rider to identify critical information about the functions and status of the vehicle. Key components in a two-wheel vehicle instrument cluster include a speedometer, tachometer, fuel gauge, battery’s state of charge (SOC) level, odometer, trip meters, gear position, navigation display, indicator warning lights, and indicators. Furthermore, the mounting of the instrument cluster is in the line of sight of the rider ensuring that all the critical information is easily accessible without requiring the rider to look away from the road excessively.
As used herein, the term “threshold value”, and “threshold value” are used interchangeably and refer to a specific, established numerical value used as a reference point for monitoring various operational parameters. The predefined threshold value value is critical for decision-making processes, safety protocols, and performance optimizations within a vehicle operation. Specifically, the exceedance of a monitored parameter with respect to the predefined threshold value, the vehicle's control system can take predetermined actions, such as adjusting performance, activating safety measures, or providing alerts to the rider.
As used herein, the terms “error codes” and “codes” are used interchangeably and refer to diagnostic indicators for identifying issues within the vehicle operating functions. Each error code corresponds to a specific fault or malfunction and enables operators to troubleshoot and repair the vehicle. The error codes are assigned for various faults such as (but not limited to) communication errors, sensor faults, actuator issues, power supply errors, configuration errors, and safety system faults
In accordance with a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a system for controlling at least one operating function of a vehicle, the system comprises:
- at least one switching device;
- at least one sensor coupled with at least one switching device;
- at least one electronic control unit communicably coupled with the at least one switching device;
- a body control unit communicably coupled with the at least one electronic control unit
- a memory module coupled with the body control unit; and
- at least one actuator electrically coupled with the body control unit,
wherein the body control unit is configured to detect at least one error corresponding to the at least one operating function based on inputs received from the at least one sensor, and the at least one electronic control unit.

Referring to figure 1, in accordance with an embodiment, there is described a system 100 for controlling at least one operating function of a vehicle. The system 100 comprises at least one switching device 102, at least one sensor 104 coupled with at least one switching device 102, at least one electronic control unit 106 communicably coupled with the at least one switching device 102, a body control unit 108 communicably coupled with the at least one electronic control unit 106, a memory module 110 coupled with the body control unit 108 and at least one actuator 112 electrically coupled with the body control unit 108. Further, the body control unit 108 is configured to detect at least one error corresponding to the at least one operating function based on inputs received from the at least one sensor 104, and the at least one electronic control unit 106.
The at least one sensor 104 is coupled with the at least one switching device 102. The coupling enables the sensor 104 to receive real-time data of the positioning of the switching devices 102. Advantageously, the real-time data facilitates the body control unit to dynamically adjust the motor parameters based on the current operating conditions. Furthermore, the body control unit 108 is communicably coupled with the at least one electronic control unit 106, and the memory module 110. Beneficially, memory module 110 enables the storing of error codes and thereby allowing for long-term data retention, enabling the tracking of vehicle health and performance over time. Furthermore, the body control unit 108 detects at least one error corresponding to the at least one operating function based on inputs received from the at least one sensor 104, and the at least one electronic control unit 106. Specifically, the body control unit 108 compares the received inputs with a threshold value. Beneficially, the threshold values for each operating function allow for precise monitoring of sensor outputs and system performance and thereby lead to quicker identification of anomalies. Consequently, continuous input comparison enables real-time detection of errors, thereby preventing potential failures and enhancing the safety of the vehicle.
In an embodiment, the at least electronic control unit 106 is configured to receive a user input 114, and wherein the user input 114 comprises at least one of a throttle input and an operating mode. Beneficially, Various riding modes enable the users to select configurations based on the riding style or environmental conditions and thereby, enhancing the driving comfort and performance. Further, the ability to switch between riding modes optimizes the vehicle behaviour, adapting power output, throttle sensitivity, and regenerative braking levels based on the rider's choice.
In an embodiment, the at least one sensor 102 comprises at least one of a gear position sensor, a rotor position sensor, and a side stand sensor.
In an embodiment, the at least one electronic control unit 106 comprises at least one of the battery management system, thermal management system, and vehicle instrument cluster. Advantageously, the BMS monitors battery health, state of charge, and temperature, ensuring efficient energy use and prolonging battery life. Consequently, the BMS leads to enhanced overall vehicle range and performance. Further, effective thermal management regulates the temperature of critical components, such as (but not limited to) batteries and motors, ensuring optimal operating conditions. The vehicle instrument cluster provides riders with essential information (e.g., speed, battery status, temperature) in a user-friendly format with comprehensive data presentation.
In an embodiment, the body control unit 108 is configured to receive input from the at least one sensor 104 and/or the at least one electronic control unit 106, and compare the received inputs with a threshold value, to detect the at least one error corresponding to the at least one operating function of the vehicle. The body control unit 108 analyses real-time data from the sensor 104 and adjusts the motor performance based on current conditions. Further, the body control unit 108 utilizes sensor data to optimize motor operation, including (but not limited to) torque management, acceleration profiles, and energy consumption, and thereby, ensuring efficient performance. Furthermore, setting specific threshold values allows for precise monitoring of sensor outputs and system performance, and thereby. leads to quicker identification of anomalies. Consequently, continuous input comparison enables real-time detection of errors, thereby preventing potential failures and enhancing the safety of the vehicle.
In an embodiment, the body control unit 108 is configured to classify the at least one error corresponding to the at least one operating function of the vehicle, based on the comparison. Specifically, by classifying errors, the BCU 108 provides detailed information about the nature and severity of faults that further allows for distinguishing between critical and non-critical errors. Further, classifying errors facilitates a more systematic approach to diagnosing issues, enabling the operators to quickly identify root causes and implement effective solutions. Furthermore, classifying errors based on severity enables the BCU 108 to prioritize alerts, ensuring that critical issues are addressed immediately while less severe problems are noted for future attention. Furthermore, the BCU 108 operates the classified error data to improve its algorithms over time, enhancing its ability to predict and prevent future errors based on historical patterns.
In an embodiment, the body control unit 108 is configured to assign error codes to the classified error corresponding to the at least one operating function of the vehicle. Error codes create a standardized method for identifying and communicating issues across different operating interfaces and manufacturers, facilitating easier diagnosis and communication. Further, standardized codes enable compliance with automotive industry regulations and guidelines, aiding in manufacturing and maintenance processes. Furthermore, logging error codes over time, the BCU 108 identifies patterns that indicate emerging issues, allowing for proactive maintenance and reducing the possibility of unexpected failures.
In an embodiment, the memory module 110 is configured to store the assigned error codes. Specifically, storing error codes allows for long-term data retention, enabling the tracking of vehicle health and performance over time. Further, storing multiple error codes over time enables trend analysis, helping identify patterns and thereby enabling preventive maintenance strategies. Furthermore, the vehicle provides drivers with past error codes and thereby enhancing driver awareness of vehicle condition and performance.
In accordance with a second aspect, there is described method 200 of controlling at least one operating function of a vehicle, the method 200 comprises:
- receiving inputs from at least one sensor 104 and/or at least one electronic control unit 106;
- sending the received inputs to a body control unit 108;
- comparing the received inputs with a threshold value, via body control unit 108;
- classifying the at least one error corresponding to the at least one operating function of the vehicle, via body control unit 108; and
- assigning error codes to the classified error corresponding to the at least one operating function.
Figure 2 describes a method of controlling at least one operating function of a vehicle. The method 200 starts at a step 202. At the step 202, the method comprises receiving inputs from at least one sensor 102 and/or at least one electronic control unit 106. At a step 204, the method comprises sending the received inputs to a body control unit 108. At a step 206, the method comprises comparing the received inputs with a threshold value, via body control unit 108. At a step 208, the method comprises classifying the at least one error corresponding to the at least one operating function of the vehicle, via body control unit 108. At a step 210, the method comprises assigning error codes to the classified error corresponding to the at least one operating function. The method 200 ends at the step 210.
In an embodiment, the method 200 comprises receiving a user input 112 to the at least one electronic control unit 106.
In an embodiment, the method 200 comprises receiving inputs from the at least one sensor 104 and/or at least one electronic control unit 106 to the body control unit 108.
In an embodiment, the method 200 comprises comparing the received inputs with a threshold value, to detect the at least one error corresponding to the at least one operating function of the vehicle.
In an embodiment, the method 200 comprises classifying the at least one error corresponding to the at least one operating function of the vehicle, based on the comparison, via body control unit 108.
In an embodiment, the method 200 comprises assigning error codes to the classified error corresponding to the at least one operating function of the vehicle, via body control unit 108.
In an embodiment, the method 200 comprises receiving a user input 112 to the at least one electronic control unit 106. Furthermore, the method 200 comprises receiving inputs from the at least one sensor and/or at least one electronic control unit 106 to the body control unit 108. Furthermore, the method 200 comprises comparing the received inputs with a threshold value, to detect the at least one error corresponding to the at least one operating function of the vehicle. Furthermore, the method 200 comprises classifying the at least one error corresponding to the at least one operating function of the vehicle, based on the comparison, via body control unit 108. Furthermore, the method 200 comprises assigning error codes to the classified error corresponding to the at least one operating function of the vehicle, via body control unit 108.
In an embodiment, the method 200 comprises receiving inputs from at least one sensor 102 and/or at least one electronic control unit 106. Furthermore, the method 200 comprises sending the received inputs to a body control unit 108. Furthermore, the method 200 comprises comparing the received inputs with a threshold value, via body control unit 108. Furthermore, the method 200 comprises classifying the at least one error corresponding to the at least one operating function of the vehicle, via body control unit 108. Furthermore, the method 200 comprises assigning error codes to the classified error corresponding to the at least one operating function.
Based on the above-mentioned embodiments, the present disclosure provides significant advantages such as (but not limited to) detecting errors corresponding to the at least one operating function of the vehicle and, thereby preventing potential failures and enhancing the safety of the vehicle.
It would be appreciated that all the explanations and embodiments of the system 100 also apply mutatis-mutandis to the method 200.
In the description of the present invention, it is also to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms “disposed,” “mounted,” and “connected” are to be construed broadly, and may for example be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, either mechanically or electrically. They may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Modifications to embodiments and combinations of different embodiments of the present disclosure described in the foregoing are possible without departing from the scope of the present disclosure as defined by the accompanying claims. Expressions such as “including”, “comprising”, “incorporating”, “have”, and “is” used to describe and claim the present disclosure are intended to be construed in a non-exclusive manner, namely allowing for items, components or elements not explicitly described also to be present. Reference to the singular is also to be construed to relate to the plural where appropriate.
Although embodiments have been described with reference to a number of illustrative embodiments thereof, it should be understood that numerous other modifications and embodiments can be devised by those skilled in the art that will fall within the spirit and scope of the principles of this disclosure. More particularly, various variations and modifications are possible in the component parts and/or arrangements of the subject combination arrangement within the scope of the present disclosure, the drawings, and the appended claims. In addition to variations and modifications in the component parts and/or arrangements, alternative uses will also be apparent to those skilled in the art.
,CLAIMS:WE CLAIM:
1. A system (100) for controlling at least one operating function of a vehicle, the system (100) comprises:
- at least one switching device (102);
- at least one sensor (104) coupled with at least one switching device (102);
- at least one electronic control unit (106) communicably coupled with the at least one switching device (102);
- a body control unit (108) communicably coupled with the at least one electronic control unit (106);
- a memory module (110) coupled with the body control unit (108); and
- at least one actuator (112) electrically coupled with the body control unit (108),
wherein the body control unit (108) is configured to detect at least one error corresponding to the at least one operating function based on inputs received from the at least one sensor (104), and the at least one electronic control unit (106).
2. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the at least electronic control unit (106) is configured to receive a user input (114), and wherein the user input (114) comprises at least one of a throttle input and an operating mode.

3. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the at least one sensor (102) comprises at least one of a gear position sensor, a rotor position sensor, and a side stand sensor.

4. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the at least one electronic control unit (106) comprises at least one of the battery management system, thermal management system, and vehicle instrument cluster.

5. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the body control unit (108) is configured to receive input from the at least one sensor (104) and/or the at least one electronic control unit (106), and compare the received inputs with a threshold value, to detect the at least one error corresponding to the at least one operating function of the vehicle.

6. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the body control unit (108) is configured to classify the at least one error corresponding to the at least one operating function of the vehicle, based on the comparison.

7. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the body control unit (108) is configured to assign error codes to the classified error corresponding to the at least one operating function of the vehicle.

8. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the memory module (110) is configured to store the assigned error codes.

9. A method (200) of controlling at least one operating function of a vehicle, the method (200) comprising:
- receiving inputs from at least one sensor (104) and/or at least one electronic control unit (106);
- sending the received inputs to a body control unit (108);
- comparing the received inputs with a threshold value, via body control unit (108);
- classifying the at least one error corresponding to the at least one operating function of the vehicle, via body control unit (108); and
- assigning error codes to the classified error corresponding to the at least one operating function.

10. The method (200) as claimed in claim 9, the method (200) comprises storing the assigned error codes in the memory module (110).