Description:TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of communication systems. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a system for dynamic slot allocation in a mobile ad-hoc network without disrupting the underlying operation logic of CSMA-based SDR.

BACKGROUND
[0002] Background description includes information that may be useful in understanding the present disclosure. It is not an admission that any information provided herein is prior art or relevant to the presently claimed disclosure or that any publication expressly or implicitly referenced is prior art.
[0003] The emergence of Software Defined Radio (SDR) technology has enhanced the advantages of MANETs, particularly in deep-sea environments where establishing a network across ships is crucial. SDR enables data communication among multiple ships by setting up the same frequency at the SDR of the ship to be added. Alternatively, when a ship comes within the radio frequency range, it can automatically transmit and receive data signals across the network. SDR possesses inherent qualities such as robustness and security, which provide additional benefits for its use in such scenarios. Once data communication is established across ships, real-time situation awareness can be achieved, enabling the deployment of various tactical and non-tactical applications on ship systems.
[0004] SDR technology offers various protocols or methods for establishing communication among ships, each with established standards for interoperability. The foundation of data transfer in SDR relies on the use of specific waveforms. These waveforms can be categorized into MANET waveforms and non-MANET waveforms. MANET waveform-based SDR provides real-time information on participating nodes, including their linked topology or how they are interconnected. On the other hand, non-MANET waveform-based SDRs can transmit but do not have access to information about the participating nodes or the network topology.
[0005] The Non-MANET waveform is based on Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) technology, commonly implemented under the IEEE 802.11 standard. CSMA protocol access can be divided into three categories. The first category is 1-persistent CSMA, where a node continuously monitors the channel for idleness and immediately transmits when it detects an idle channel. This approach is suitable for small MANETs. The second category is non-persistent CSMA, where a transmitting node checks for channel idleness and either starts transmission immediately or waits a random amount before rechecking the channel status. The third category is p-persistent CSMA, which combines elements of both 1-persistent and non-persistent approaches. In p-persistent CSMA, nodes wanting to transmit first check for channel idleness. They generate a random number between 0 and 1 if the channel is idle. If this random number is less than a predetermined value (P), they transmit immediately; otherwise, they wait for a certain time and repeat the process.
[0006] One of the issues associated with plain CSMA is the frequent occurrence of jump-off and hidden node problems. Jump-off refers to situations where nodes transmit simultaneously, leading to collisions and data loss. A hidden node problem arises when two nodes, each out of range of the other, transmit simultaneously to a common receiver, causing interference and packet loss. These problems can significantly impact the reliability and performance of a real-time system. While CSMA/CA and CSMA/CD protocols provide collision avoidance and detection mechanisms, they introduce their challenges. These protocols require the frequent transmission of acknowledgment messages, which reduces the overall data transmission output bandwidth. This reduction can impede the generation of a real-time situation awareness picture, which relies on timely and efficient data transfer. Additionally, the random-access nature of CSMA/CA makes it challenging to guarantee the required QoS for applications.
[0007] While CSMA-based SDR systems offer flexibility and adaptability, delivering the required QoS and ensuring dependable real-time communication present challenges. It is essential to address issues such as hidden node problems, data loss, and the lack of participant node information to facilitate the effective use of CSMA-based SDR technology in applications that rely on generating a real-time situational awareness picture.
[0008] Although there are several specified methods for handling the TDMA form of communication, using an arbitrator node is one crucial strategy. Which member of the network currently has access to a communication channel for transmission is decided by this arbitrator node. Token-based systems provide an alternative strategy. A Token is being exchanged among the network participants in this system. The token-holding member is qualified to use the channel, including for transmission. The arbitrator methodology has a slow data transmission rate because an arbitrator node must choose which node will use the RF channel each time.
[0009] There is, therefore, a need to overcome the above drawback, limitations, and shortcomings associated with the existing CSMA-based SDR systems along with the arbitrary node approach used in TDMA, and develop a system for dynamic slot allocation in non-manet CSMA-based SDR that provides complete MANET network information and topology that improves QoS for applications that require the generation of a common operating picture of the surrounding environment.

OBJECTS OF THE PRESENT DISCLOSURE
[0010] Some of the objects of the present disclosure, which at least one embodiment herein satisfy, are listed below.
[0011] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a system for dynamic slot allocation in non-manet CSMA-based SDR.
[0012] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a MANET controller configured to cause a CSMA-based SDR to behave like a TDMA-based SDR.
[0013] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a system that supports Inter-MANET Communication.
[0014] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a system that increases the QoS in Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) based communication setup by generating connected member topology and eliminating Jump-Off and hidden node problems.
[0015] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a plug-and-play MANET Controller for a CSMA-based SDR.
SUMMARY
[0016] Various aspects of the present disclosure relate to the communication system and more specifically, to a system for slot allocation in a mobile ad-hoc network without disrupting the underlying operation logic of CSMA-based SDR. The present disclosure aims to address the drawbacks, limitations, and shortcomings of existing systems by developing a system for dynamic slot allocation in non-manet CSMA-based SDR that provides complete MANET network information and topology that improves QoS for applications that require the generation of a common operating picture of the surrounding environment.
[0017] According to an aspect of the present disclosure, a system for dynamic slot allocation in non-manet CSMA-based SDR. The system includes a plurality of nodes to form a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) communications networks, each node can transmit and receive a beacon positioned in time, and each node includes a CSMA-based SDR using a non-MANET waveform.
[0018] In an aspect, the system includes a MANET Controller (MC) module operatively coupled to the CSMA-based SDR to establish the MANET. The MC module includes a processor and memory comprising a set of instructions, which, when executed, cause the processor to discover live nodes and dynamically allocate slots across the plurality of nodes for data transmission. The slot allocation of the present system ensures exclusive transmission by a single node at any given time, thereby preventing collisions and data corruption. MC module is configured to cause a CSMA-based SDR to behave as a TDMA-based SDR.
[0019] In an aspect, the system includes a MANET Controller (MC) module coupled to each node with preconfigured data, including a unique identifier for each node and a time server instrument for time synchronization.
[0020] In an aspect, the system includes a MANET Controller (MC) module to discover and dynamically allocate slots. Discovering live nodes and dynamically allocating slots across the plurality of nodes include distributed time slot identification mechanism comprising discovery cycle and transmission cycle, the discovery cycle being configured to establish active node information and topology in the MANET, and the transmission cycle is configured to facilitate data transmission among active nodes in the MANET.
[0021] In an aspect, the discovery cycle includes the transmission of discovery beacons, including information about directly connected nodes, allowing each node to update its topology using cumulative information from other nodes, and the transmission cycle includes transmitting data beacons along with transmission beacons, enabling nodes to communicate with other nodes.
[0022] Various objects, features, aspects, and advantages of the inventive subject matter will become more apparent from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments and accompanying drawing figures in which numerals represent like components.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0023] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the description, explain the principles of the present disclosure. The diagrams are for illustration only, which thus is not a limitation of the present disclosure.
[0024] Similar components and/or features may have the same reference label in the figures. Further, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference label with a second label that distinguishes among the similar components. Suppose only the first reference label is used in the specification. In that case, the description applies to any similar components with the same first reference label, irrespective of the second reference label.
[0025] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary participant connection diagram for illustration of Jump-Off Problem, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0026] FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary participant connection diagram for illustration of Hidden Node Problem, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0027] FIG. 3A illustrates a non-limiting exemplary block diagram of complete system environment, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0028] FIG. 3B illustrates a block diagram of a system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0029] FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary schematic diagram of time slot assignment, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0030] FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary flowchart for discovery and transmission beacon determination, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0031] FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary topology diagram of MANET at any specific instant of time, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0032] The following is a detailed description of embodiments of the disclosure depicted in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments are in such detail as to clearly communicate the disclosure. However, the amount of detail offered is not intended to limit the anticipated variations of embodiments. On the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit, and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.
[0033] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details. Embodiments of this disclosure relate to the field of network security and more specifically relates to a system and method to detect intrusion and access of confidential information by unauthorized users in a network.
[0034] If the specification states a component or feature "may", "can", "could", or "might" be included or have a characteristic, that particular component or feature is not required to be included or have the characteristic.
[0035] As used in the description herein and throughout the claims that follow, the meaning of "a", "an", and "the" includes plural reference unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Also, as used in the description herein, the meaning of "in" includes "in" and "on" unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
[0036] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a system for dynamic slot allocation in non-manet CSMA-based SDR is disclosed. The system includes a plurality of nodes to form a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) communications network. Each node is capable of transmitting and receiving a beacon positioned in time, and each node comprises a CSMA-based SDR using a non-MANET waveform. MANET can be defined as an autonomous system of nodes connected by SDR, a union of which forms a communication network modeled in the form of an arbitrary communication graph.
[0037] In an embodiment, the system includes a MANET Controller (MC) module operatively coupled to the CSMA-based SDR to establish the MANET. The MC module includes a processor and memory comprising a set of instructions which, when executed, cause the processor to discover live nodes and dynamically allocate slots across the plurality of nodes for data transmission. The slot allocation of the present system ensures exclusive transmission by a single node at any given time, thereby preventing collisions and data corruption. MC module is configured to cause a CSMA-based SDR to behave as a TDMA-based SDR.
[0038] In an embodiment, the system includes a MANET Controller (MC) module coupled to each node with preconfigured data, including a unique identifier for each node and a time server instrument for time synchronization.
[0039] In an embodiment, the system includes a MANET Controller (MC) module to discover and dynamically allocate slots. Discovering live nodes and dynamically allocating slots across the plurality of nodes include distributed time slot identification mechanism comprising discovery cycle and transmission cycle, the discovery cycle being configured to establish active node information and topology in the MANET, and the transmission cycle is configured to facilitate data transmission among active nodes in the MANET.
[0040] In an embodiment, the discovery cycle includes the transmission of discovery beacons, including information about directly connected nodes, allowing each node to update its topology using cumulative information from other nodes, and the transmission cycle includes transmitting data beacons along with transmission beacons, enabling nodes to communicate with other nodes.
[0041] In an embodiment, the MC module is configured to execute a distributed slot allocation mechanism based on a routine programmed counter, assigning transmission slots based on the assigned internal numbers of active nodes in the MANET.
[0042] In an embodiment, the MC module is configured to calculate the optimal path for data transmission based on the updated node topology established during each discovery cycle.
[0043] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary participant connection diagram for illustration of the Jump-Off Problem, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0044] In a 1-persistent CSMA, for example, each node continually checks the channel for idleness and sends data when the channel becomes inactive. This allows the nodes to share the channel more efficiently. If only two nodes are in the network, then this arrangement will work well. However, if the network is very densely populated and has many nodes, using this technique may cause collisions.
[0045] In an example, as depicted in FIG. 1, has three nodes, which are labeled as Node 1, Node 2, and Node 3. Following the completion of data transmission by Node 1, Nodes 2 and 3 simultaneously discover an empty channel and initiate data transmission, which leads to a collision. This problem will grow more severe as the number of nodes increases. This is because an increasing number of nodes will consider the channel inactive after each transmission, which will lead to an increase in collisions.
[0046] FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary participant connection diagram for illustration of the Hidden Node Problem, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0047] The state of the transmission channel is an essential consideration for all CSMA access methods. If the channel is idle, the transmission will start. Because of this, the success rate of data reception at middle nodes is extremely low if the organization of the nodes is linear. This is because end nodes will always find the channel to be idle, while at the same time, the middle node is receiving data from another end node. For instance, as shown in FIG. 2, which illustrates the instantaneous liner configuration of a node. If node 1 and node 4 want to send data to node 2, you should consider that the channel is currently idle each time you do so. Both will be responsible for initiating transmission, but since node 2 will receive data from both nodes, the likelihood of data corruption at the reception end is extremely high. As a result, the data that is received is frequently distorted.
[0048] Real-time systems utilizing any of the CSMA-based SDRs listed above for inter-node communication will not have an adequate quality of service with a guaranteed delivery mechanism. Because if someone uses plain CSMA, there is a greater likelihood of Jump-off and hidden node problems. Further, the use of Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) or Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) for collision avoidance and detection, will get overall less data transmission output bandwidth, which will hinder the generation of a real-time situational awareness picture because the receiving node must transmit a successful acknowledgment message every time, regardless of whether it is required. Due to its random-access mechanism, CSMA/CA protocol does not guarantee the quality of service (QoS) the application requires.
[0049] FIG. 3A illustrates a non-limiting exemplary block diagram of the complete system environment, and FIG. 3B illustrates a block diagram of a system in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0050] Referring to FIG. 3A and FIG 3B, the system 300 includes several interconnected components and functionalities to establish MANET, which provides complete MANET network information and topology that improves QoS for applications that require generating a common operating picture of the surrounding environment.
[0051] In an embodiment, the example system 300 includes multiple ships equipped with Ship Sub Systems 306, MANET Controller (MC) module 304 and CSMA-based SDR 302 to establish a MANET. The Ship Sub Systems 306 may include various sensors but not limited to radar and sonar to enhance situational awareness among ships.
[0052] The ships include Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) based Software Defined Radio (SDR). SDRs are a type of radio communication system in which traditional analog hardware components are replaced or augmented by software. In an SDR, many of the functionalities traditionally performed by dedicated hardware are instead implemented through software running on a general-purpose computer or embedded system. SDRs provide a flexible and reconfigurable approach to radio communications. They are designed to handle various frequencies, modulation schemes, and protocols, making them adaptable to various applications such as military communications, amateur radio, wireless networking, and public safety systems. By leveraging software, SDRs can be easily updated and upgraded without the need for extensive hardware modifications.
[0053] In an embodiment, SDR 302 may include one or more antennas to transmit and receive radio frequency (RF) signals and converts them into electrical signals with the help of an Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC). In an example, SDR 302 may convert the analog RF signals received by the antenna into digital data that can be processed by software. SDR 302 may include Digital Signal Processor (DSP), which performs various signal processing tasks, such as filtering, demodulation, decoding, and encoding of the digital data. Further, SDR 302 may include General-Purpose Processor to execute the software-defined radio applications, managing the overall control and coordination of the system. In an example, SDR 302 may include Low Data Rate (LDR)-64Kbps waveform CSMA-based non-MANET SDR-NC (e.g., offered by Bharat Electronics Limited India).
[0054] In an embodiment, SDRs can be configured to operate across various frequency bands, including but not limited to low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF), ultra-high frequency (UHF) bands, and very ultra-high frequency (VHF) bands, providing a wide range of applications, including wireless communication, satellite communication, and broadcasting. By supporting operation in these different frequency bands, SDRs offer flexibility and adaptability to various communication scenarios and environments, allowing for efficient and versatile communication across different ranges and propagation characteristics.
[0055] In an embodiment, the system 300 may include a MANET controller (MC) module 304 configured to establish using Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) using non-MANET Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) based Software Defined Radio (SDR) 302 among deep-sea ship network. In an example, the MC module 304 is configured to cause a CSMA-based SDR 302 to behave as a TDMA-based SDR.
[0056] In an embodiment, MC module 304 may include processor 308 operatively coupled to a memory 312 and the processor 308 includes suitable logic, circuitry, and/or interfaces that are operable to execute one or more instructions stored in the memory 312 to perform predetermined operations. The memory 312 may be operable to store one or more instructions. The MC module 304 may include input data buffer 316 and output data buffer 320, a storage area that temporarily holds incoming data packets received from the network until they can be processed and holds the processed data packets before they are transmitted.
[0057] In an example, memory 312 stores a set of instructions and data. Some of the commonly known memory implementations include but are not limited to, a Random-Access Memory RAM, a Read Only Memory ROM, a Hard Disk Drive HDD, and a Secure Digital SD card. Further, the memory includes one or more instructions executable by processor 308 to perform specific operations. It will be apparent to a subject having ordinary skill in the art that one or more instructions stored in memory 312 enable the hardware of the system 300 to perform the predetermined operation.
[0058] In an embodiment, the MC module 304 may include data priority scheduler 318, which comprises an algorithm or mechanism that assigns priorities to the data packets in the input buffer based on certain criteria, such as quality of service requirements, packet size, or urgency. It determines the order in which the packets are processed. In an example, MC module 304 is configured to execute a distributed slot allocation mechanism based on a routine programmed counter, assigning transmission slots based on the assigned internal numbers of active nodes in the MANET.
[0059] In an embodiment, the MC module 304 may include time server instrument 310 for time synchronization. The MC module 304 incorporates a time server instrument 310, that facilitates time synchronization among the nodes in the network. Time synchronization is crucial in MANETs to ensure coordination and accurate timing of various network operations. The time server instrument 310 provides a standard time reference for all nodes, enabling them to synchronize their clocks and maintain temporal consistency.
[0060] In an embodiment, the bus communicatively couple processor(s) with the other memory, Input data buffer 316, output data buffer 320 and communication blocks. In an example bus can be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) / PCI Extended (PCI-X) bus, Small Computer System Interface (SCSI), USB, or the like, for connecting expansion cards, drives and other subsystems as well as other buses, such a front side bus (FSB), which connects processor 308 to a software system.
[0061] In an embodiment, the MC module 304 is configured to be coupled to each node with preconfigured data including an identifier unique to each node. Each node in the network is assigned a unique identifier. This identifier helps in distinguishing and addressing individual nodes within the MANET. It ensures that each node can be identified and communicated effectively.
[0062] In an embodiment, the MC module 304 is designed to be installed on each node participating in the MANET. The MC module 304 may be configured as a plug-and-play mechanism (314) and is positioned between the ship's systems and the CSMA-based SDR. For example, the ship subsystem 306, MC module 304 and the SDR 302 are connected via a network. Examples of network may include but are not limited to a Wireless Fidelity Wi-F network, a Wide Area Network WAN, a Local Area Network LAN, or a Metropolitan Area Network MAN and the like.
[0063] The MC module 304 does not affect CSMA-based SDR or ship systems, rendering it an SDR (CSMA-based) independent solution. The MC module 304 controller coupled with the ship system and SDR 302 captures only the number of active nodes in the MANET, i.e., the number of participants, but not the data accessible for transmission with each node. In one instance, an MC module 304 is designed to form a deep-sea ship network with CSMA-based SDR using a non-MANET waveform.
[0064] The system 300 with MC module 304 will offer a solution for establishing MANET communication for deep sea ship networks, eliminating collision and hidden node issues. In addition, system 300 is decentralized, meaning that each node can independently determine whether this slot is associated with mine or not. If the slot is mine, then the node will transmit data, otherwise it will operate in reception mode.
[0065] FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary schematic diagram of the time slot assignment, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0066] In an embodiment of the present invention, the node's timeline is divided into three types of time cycles. The booting cycle comes first, followed by the discovery cycle, and then the transmission cycle. The booting cycle can be the initial waiting cycle in which a node waits for the discovery cycle to join the MANET. The discovery cycle is used to establish active MANET member information as well as their topology, which is the arrangement of nodes among all preconfigured nodes. The transmission cycle is used to transmit application data between members of an established MANET.
[0067] In an embodiment of the present invention, the nodes use two types of time periods for data transmission. The first is the discovery time slot, and the second is the transmission time slot. The discovery time slot can be used to identify the available nodes among the preconfigured nodes that will be part of the MANET during the subsequent transmission cycle. The discovery time slot may include MC discovery beacon data and any other application-specific data. Discovery beacon data consists of information about all nodes whose discovery beacon was received by the receiving node and the nodes that are directly connected.
[0068] In an embodiment, there are two categories for how the MC finds MANET participants.
Category 1: No MANET is present because every node is starting up, or in a warm-up condition, there is no MANET between participants at the beginning. Therefore, each node must first wait for the Discovery Cycle to begin. Once the discovery cycle has begun, each node must broadcast data according to its designated slot. All preconfigured nodes will have the opportunity to emit a discovery beacon throughout the discovery cycle. In an example each node can emit a minimum of but not limited to five discovery beacons containing the data of all the preconfigured nodes and the cumulative information of the directly linked nodes.
Category 2: If a MANET already exists and a node wishes to join it at some point but is not a member of it at that time. It may then wait till the discovery cycle. Receiving beacons from other MANET members can tell if a member can join right away or if a discovery cycle is required.
[0069] In an embodiment, data and MANET member counter information are transferred using transmission time slots. This cycle occurs following the discovery cycle. This cycle allocates and divides slots based solely on the discovered nodes (as depicted in Fig. 4), i.e., slot allocation is dynamic based on applicable nodes and not the amount of data a node wishes to transmit. If a node becomes disconnected during the transmission cycle, a transmission cycle slot can be reserved for that node. This node can join the MANET without having to wait for the discovery cycle or the transmission cycle to complete.
[0070] In an embodiment, various pre-fed parameters may be configured at each MC module 304. For an example, memory stores a set of instructions and data. Some of the commonly known memory implementations include but are not limited to, a Random-Access Memory RAM, a Read Only Memory ROM, a Hard Disk Drive HDD, and a Secure Digital SD card. Further, the memory includes one or more instructions that are executable by processor 308 to perform specific operations. It will be apparent to a subject having ordinary skill in the art that one or more instructions stored in memory 312 enable the hardware of the system 300 to perform the predetermined operation.
[0071] For an example, various pre-fed configuration parameters are:
Node Identification: This defines a unique Id associated with each MC module 304. Each MC module shall have a list of this identification of all possible participant which can be part of MANET.
Boot-Up Time: This time reflects the startup time of an MC module. This time includes powering up MC module 304, initializing software routines and discovering any existing MANET.
Discovery Cycle Time: All configured node shall transmit their discovery beacon repeatedly as per their configured slot in this time cycle and shall discover participant nodes and probable MANET.
Transmission Cycle Time: All discovered MANET members shall transmit data beacon along with transmission Beacon in this time cycle. The application shall use this time cycle for communication among MANET members
[0072] In an example, routine program counter is a critical variable with the help of distributed slot allocation mechanism work. This routine program counter is incremented at every node with an already defined periodicity. This periodicity shall be half of the slot time window. For example, if Slot time window is of 2 seconds, then the Routine counter periodicity shall be set to 1 second. Slot time window is the time duration in which a node shall transmit the data if it is his chance for transmission. So, slot time window includes beacon preparation time, appending data, the transmission time of signal over air plus guard time so that overlapping of transmission signal shall be avoided. Every time a remainder value is calculated for routine program counter and maximum number of configured nodes or with total alive member of MANET controller logic. If the remainder value is the same as the assigned internal number then the timeslot circuit is set to on and transmission happens otherwise it is in reception mode. In the transmission cycle, if the calculated remainder is not equal to the assigned internal of a node, then this remainder calculation turns into a continuous process by increasing routine program counter value until the remainder is not equal to the assigned internal number of any of alive nodes established in the discovery cycle.
[0073] In an embodiment, system 300 does not cater to the dynamic nature of TDMA as per the data load of node but achieves the dynamism of TDMA as per nodes i.e., the number of active participants. Data transmit size is fixed as per the available capacity underneath the CSMA protocol. If any node has more data to send, it should wait for its next transmission slot. In a non-limiting example, the solution is designed and developed for establishing a deep-sea ship MANET network, so there is always at least some data available with nodes which need to be transmitted like own location, speed, course, and live member information.
[0074] FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary flowchart for discovery and transmission beacon determination.
[0075] Referring to FIG. 5, when the MANET controller (MC) module 304 is brought online, the node, unless it is already a component of the MANET, is required to wait until the subsequent discovery cycle in order to receive the Tx beacon and data transmitted by other MANET members. As soon as a node becomes a part of a MANET, as long as it is inside the discovery cycle time for that MANET and also possesses a transmission slot, the nodes are required to begin preparing their discovery beacons with topology information and then proceed to update the routing table with topology information. The complete procedure is carried out again and again until the point where the discovery cycle time and the transmission cycle time come to an end. After it has concluded and there is no more data to be sent, the Tx beacon will be readied, and the data will then be sent to the radio to be broadcast. However, if more data has to be transferred, the routing details are produced according to the destination and routing table for this Tx cycle. These details are then included in the transmission beacon, which is eventually sent to the radio for transmission. If more data needs to be broadcast than this, the Tx cycle will end.
[0076] FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary topology diagram of MANET at any specific instant of time, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Discovery Beacon Details:
In an embodiment, all participant nodes shall have a unique id. The discovery cycle allocates slots statically to all possible MANET members (As shown in Fig 4). In an example, the maximum number of nodes in a MANET is limited to 16. However, this number can be increased based on the available bandwidth of the communication hardware and the nature of the application in use.
[0077] In an example, as depicted in Figure 6 once the node has their discovery slot set to true, they shall transmit a discovery beacon. For an instance, consider node 72, whose associated internal number is 4 (Referring to table 1). At first, this node shall transmit its information i.e., associated internal number in the discovery beacon. While next discovery beacon shall receive the discovery beacon from the nodes which are directly in reach of this node. In this case, Node 72 shall receive information from Nodes 46, 51, and 89. However, when this will receive a discovery beacon from Node 46 whose internal number is 2, it shall have complete details of all nodes i.e., 22, 46, 51, 72 and 89 and in processing, Node 72 shall update the directly connected node details in each respective node. Every node shall update the other nodes details in a cumulative manner. This way, each node shall have complete topology detail of MANET at the end of the discovery cycle. All the nodes which are not in the range of another node or if they are not even started shall not receive any discovery beacon from any node hence, they will not be part of this MANET at least for this discovery cycle.
[0078] For example, the discovery beacon information is organized as a 2D array with a maximum number of preconfigured participants. Null entries in the array are regarded as unavailable or unreachable nodes.
AT NODE 72 AT NODE 46 AT NODE 89
Node 22 (1): NA
Node 46 (2): NA
Node 51 (3): NA
Node 72 (4): 4,
Node 89 (5): NA Node 22 (1): 1, 3, 2
Node 46 (2): 1,2,3
Node 51 (3): 1,2,3
Node 72 (4): NA
Node 89 (5): NA Node 22 (1): NA
Node 46 (2): NA
Node 51 (3): NA
Node 72 (4): NA
Node 89 (5): 5
Node 22 (1): 1,3,2
Node 46 (2): 1,2,3,4
Node 51 (3): 1,2,3,4
Node 72 (4): 4,2,3,4
Node 89 (5): 4,5 Node 22 (1): 1,3,2
Node 46 (2): 1,2,3,4
Node 51 (3): 1,2,3,4
Node 72 (4): 4,2,3
Node 89 (5): NA Node 22 (1): 1,3,2
Node 46 (2): 1,2,3,4
Node 51 (3): 1,2,3,4
Node 72 (4): 4,2,3,5
Node 89 (5): 4,5
Node 22 (1): 1,3,2
Node 46 (2): 1,2,3,4
Node 51 (3): 1,2,3,4
Node 72 (4): 4,2,3,4
Node 89 (5): 4,5 Node 22 (1): 1,3,2
Node 46 (2): 1,2,3,4
Node 51 (3): 1,2,3,4
Node 72 (4): 4,2,3,5
Node 89 (5): 4,5 Node 22 (1): 1,3,2
Node 46 (2): 1,2,3,4
Node 51 (3): 1,2,3,4
Node 72 (4): 4,2,3,5
Node 89 (5): 4,5
Table 1: Cumulative addition of topology details at nodes 72,46 and 89

[0079] Transmission Beacon Details:
In an embodiment, the transmission beacon will provide information on all the connected and active members without providing any topology specifics Node 72 transmission beacon has details like 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. Any data which needs to be send by node 72 shall be appended with this beacon and final transmission is done. In an example, the transmission Node can calculate the optimal path for a destination based on the updated node topology established during each discovery cycle.
[0080] The above-disclosed embodiments present a system 300 for dynamic slot allocation in a mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) that operates alongside the existing CSMA-based software-defined radio (SDR) logic. The system 300 establishes a MANET network using non-MANET waveforms for communication. The system 300 effectively resolves the Jump Off problem by allocating participants' slots for data transmission. The slot allocation order is dynamically determined based on distributed MANET creation logic for each node, eliminating the issue of random channel access and providing enhanced Quality of Service (QoS). The Hidden Node problem is addressed by establishing the MANET topology in each discovery cycle, ensuring that the system is aware of every connected node regardless of direct or indirect connections. With periodic updates of the MANET topology at each slot time interval, optimal route calculation becomes feasible, enabling data transmission between nodes that are not directly connected.
[0081] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, for example, the singular forms "a,” "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "contains", "containing", "includes", "including,” "comprises", and/or "comprising," and variations thereof, when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
[0082] Terms of orientation are used herein merely for purposes of convention and referencing and are not to be construed as limiting. However, it is recognized these terms could be used with reference to an operator or user. Accordingly, no limitations are implied or to be inferred. Also, if used herein, the terms "coupled" or "coupled to" or "connected" or "connected to" or "attached" or "attached to" may indicate establishing either a direct or indirect connection, and are not limited to either unless expressly referenced as such.
[0083] While the disclosure has described several exemplary embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes can be made, and equivalents can be substituted for elements thereof, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications will be appreciated by those skilled in the art to adapt a particular instrument, situation, or material to embodiments of the disclosure without departing from the essential scope thereof.
[0084] Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, or to the best mode contemplated for carrying out this invention, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims. Moreover, reference in the appended claims to an apparatus or system or a component of an apparatus or system being adapted to, arranged to, capable of, configured to, enabled to, operable to, or operative to perform a particular function encompasses that apparatus, system, or component, whether or not it or that particular function is activated, turned on, or unlocked, as long as that apparatus, system, or component is so adapted, arranged, capable, configured, enabled, operable, or operative.

ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION
[0085] The proposed invention provides a system that is not dependent upon any specific type of SDR.
[0086] The proposed invention provides a system that solve the hidden node and jump-off problem of CMSA based communication setup.
[0087] The proposed invention provides a system that aids in data routing by providing a comprehensive connectivity graph of MANET at any given time.
[0088] The proposed invention provides a system that can cause a CSMA-based SDR to behave as a TDMA-based SDR.
[0089] The proposed invention provides a system that support Inter-MANET Communication.
, Claims:1. A system (300) for establishing Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET), the system (300) comprising:
a plurality of nodes to form a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) communications network, wherein each node is capable of transmitting and receiving a beacon positioned in time, and wherein each node comprises a CSMA based SDR (302) using a non-MANET waveform;
a MANET Controller (MC) module (304) operatively coupled to the CSMA based SDR (302) and is configured to establish the MANET, the MC module (304) comprising a processor (308) and a memory (312), said memory (312) comprising a set of instructions, which when executed, cause the processor (308) to discover live nodes and dynamically allocate slots across the plurality of nodes for data transmission, wherein the slot allocation ensures exclusive transmission by a single node at any given time, thereby preventing collisions and data corruption.
2. The system (300) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the MC module (304) is further configured to be coupled to each node with preconfigured data including a unique identifier for each node and a time server instrument (310) for time synchronization.
3. The system (300) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the MC module (304) is further configured to cause a CSMA-based SDR (302) to behave as a TDMA-based SDR.
4. The system (300) as claimed in claim 1, wherein discovering live nodes and dynamically allocating slots across the plurality of nodes comprises distributed time slot identification mechanism comprising discovery cycle and transmission cycle, the discovery cycle being configured to establish active node information and topology in the MANET, and the transmission cycle being configured to facilitate data transmission among active nodes in the MANET.
5. The system (300) as claimed in claim 4, wherein slot allocation during the transmission cycle is dynamic and dependent on the number of discovered nodes, enabling each node to transmit data within its allocated slot.
6. The system (300) as claimed in claim 4, wherein the discovery cycle comprises transmission of discovery beacons comprising information about directly connected nodes, allowing each node to update its topology using cumulative information from other nodes.
7. The system (300) as claimed in claim 4, wherein the transmission cycle comprises transmitting data beacons along with transmission beacons, enabling nodes to communicate with other nodes.
8. The system (300) according to claim 1, wherein the MC module (304) is configured to execute a distributed slot allocation mechanism based on a routine programmed counter, assigning transmission slots based on the assigned internal numbers of active nodes in the MANET.
9. The system (300) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the system (300) comprises low data rate (LDR) waveform of SDR that provides a bandwidth of 64kbps.
10. The system (300) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the MC module (304) is configured to calculate the optimal path for data transmission based on the updated node topology established during each discovery cycle.