Description:Field of invention
The present IOT-based technology is an automatic irrigation system that senses soil moisture and automatically irrigates the plant if it is too low.
The Objectives of this Invention
The innovation's main goal is to make farmers' work less stressful and to make plant and crop irrigation easier. Cultivators won't sweat over watering.
Background of the Invention
In (CN2019/111587716B), the invention's subjects are the mechanism and the manufacturing innovation of an autonomous soil humidity monitoring system. The innovation allows for automatic and real-time unidirectional water supply or evacuation of the ideal soil water content that plants need for plant growth, and it can be employed in subsurface irrigation systems in agricultural regions or plant conservatories. Given the challenges involved in providing irrigation for soil plants in a gravity-free environment, technological advances may offer automated watering based on the ideal humidity level necessary by roots for plant growth. The technology helps create the ideal desert area, offers effective water conservation in arid areas, and allows real-time water collecting and use. The automatic irrigation needs of centerpieces can also be met or controlled by using process technology in households or companies. Additionally, it can be deployed as an autonomous humidity device for various industrial granular materials. In addition (CN2019/109937856B), The present invention corresponds to a unique household gadget that intelligently predicts the irrigation frequency and amount for different plants based on many different variables, including the amount of water, their preference of different species of plants, the conditions for the development of the plants, the degree of dryness and relative humidity of plant soil, and similar elements, and then implements autonomous salivating. The equipment can empirically, rationally, easily, and comfortably realize autonomous watering for indoor flowery and woody plants since it is a ubiquitous, user-friendly, necessary, and extending domestic autonomous watering system.
In (Hanumann et al. [2022], 2022 International Conference on Computer Communication and Informatics (ICCCI), Coimbatore, India, 2022, pp. 1-3), most irrigation systems use a central timing controller to start watering cycles and set their duration. This improves system precision. To preserve resources, cut costs, and increase plant growth, a watering cycle must be adapted to the environment. Adjustments can achieve these goals. Irrigation cycle changes are crucial. Changes in temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, wind speed, and cloud cover are examples. An operator must manually suspend an automatic watering cycle at the irrigation controller in a typical control system. This is the most usual approach to accomplish it. This prevents the pattern from repeating. Due to operator inconsistency and inefficiency, this resource conservation strategy is useless in most cases. The operator uses it at work.
Summary of the Invention
The concept of an automatic irrigation system might be used on a big scale by farmers in order to water their crops. This would involve the utilization of farm areas. They will also be provided with information regarding the amount of water that is required by the soil thanks to the moisture sensor.This concept also encourages water saving because it just applies the minimum amount of water necessary to irrigate the soil rather than pouring additional water on top of it.
Detailed Description of the Invention
The main aim of automatic irrigation systemis to provide water to plants without human involvement. The development of this device includes both software and hardware apparatus.
Under the software requirements, IoT based Arduino uno is used and c programing language is used for programing purpose.
One type of sensor is known as a moisture sensor. This type of sensor is a device that can determine how much water content is available in the soil by determining how much moisture is there in the soil. It checks the moisture level, and if it is determined to be low, it irrigates the ground. The water is pumped using a water pump that is attached to a water tank. The water tank reserves the water so that it may be accessed by the user whenever they require it. The Arduino board is responsible for controlling all of the system's activities, from detecting to irrigating. If there is not enough water in the tank to irrigate the ground, this system may not work well. The design of automated irrigation systems can be accomplished in a number of different ways. Modern large-scale systems enable only one operator to be responsible for the management of large areas. Irrigation systems such as sprinklers, drippers, or subsurface drippers require pumps and other high-tech components. Skilled operators are also necessary for the application of these systems over vast areas. There are also extremely high-tech solutions that can automatically measure the water content of each crop parcel and optimise the irrigation system. These solutions make use of GIS and satellites. But the automation of irrigation can also be accomplished using relatively straightforward mechanical devices at times, for example, clay pot irrigation networks, porous capsule irrigation networks, or bottle irrigation.
It is common knowledge that there are a number of ways in which humans can benefit from plants. By removing contaminants from the air in a natural way and creating oxygen, plants contribute to the preservation of a healthy environment. Having plants in one's backyard is a hobby that many people enjoy. But because of modernity and a lack of available space, a lot of people used to cultivate plants in mud or soil, put them in a container, and put them on the windowsill. These plants are reliant on traditional methods of breeding, such as watering and exposing them to the appropriate amount of sunlight, in order to maintain their lives and continue to grow. People often forget to water their plants because of the hectic pace of their day-to-day lives. As a result, their plants suffer from a variety of diseases and, in the end, die. Agriculture is a labour-intensive industry that uses a significant quantity of water, and the shortage of water resources is currently the most pressing issue facing the world in today's modern society. It is of the utmost importance to make effective use of the available water resources.
The primary objective of this project was to make use of a microcontroller (Arduino Uno) with the intention of automatically watering plants or doing gardening. When we are on vacation, the plants can be watered automatically, so we don't have to bother our neighbours. Sometimes, our neighbours water the plants too frequently, and despite their efforts, the plants still end up withering away. There are gadgets on the market in India that are timer-based and can irrigate the ground at predetermined intervals. They do not monitor the moisture in the soil or the temperature of the surrounding air, so they are unable to determine whether or not the soil genuinely requires watering. The process of assimilation refers to the addition of water through human intervention to land or soil. It is put to use to assist in the cultivation of agricultural crops as well as in the upkeep of landscapes. The drawings will now describe certain inventive embodiments. However, this invention may be embodied in many ways and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. These embodiments are provided to make this disclosure thorough and complete and to fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. The terminology used in the thorough explanation of the embodiments in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the invention. Drawings match like numbers. FIGS. 1–9 depict several views of a wireless soil moisture sensor 100 that connects with a receiver unit 150 (also called a soil moisture sensor interface). The moisture sensor 100 periodically transmits soil moisture, salinity, and temperature information to the receiver unit 150 from its ground location. The receiver unit 150 interrupts irrigation operated by an irrigation controller when the detected moisture value exceeds a specified interrupt value or the temperature falls below a predetermined value or threshold. The receiver 150 can display a dry turf warning when the measured moisture value drops below a second specified value. The sensor 100 and receiver unit 150 can regulate irrigation based on soil moisture levels. The receiver 150 activates an auditory and/or visual alert if the soil's moisture value drops below 50% of the interruption threshold for more than three days.
One controller calculates and saves a water savings value. The savings value represents gallons of water saved. The savings figure is a water savings percentage. The moisture sensor unit calculates the percent water savings by dividing the time it interrupts power to the valve by the time it receives power from the controller.
While the soil sensing system of the present invention has been described as interrupting irrigation when a moisture threshold is reached, the soil sensor and receiver can alternately transmit adjustment commands to an irrigation controller to increase or decrease irrigation cycles based on soil moisture. A proficient irrigation controller can use moisture readings to adjust an irrigation schedule. In light of this teaching, a person with ordinary ability in the art can create other embodiments and changes without deviating from the spirit or extent of the claimed invention. Thus, the figures and descriptions above are intended to illustrate the invention and not limit its scope.
The moisture sensor may additionally hold an offset level. The offset level is the ideal medium moisture level. The offset level is offset from the measured saturated moisture level in one embodiment. Offsets may be positive or negative. The moisture sensor can be calibrated to a threshold level equal to the starting moisture level with a zero offset. In a preferred form, the soil is saturated to the maximum saturation level for the soil type, and the stored threshold level is set to a desired negative offset from the saturated soil moisture level. Thus, irrigation is stopped before soil saturation. Alternative implementations can store a moisture sensor threshold level in memory using any offset and moisture level.
The invention herein disclosed has been described by specific embodiments, examples, and applications thereof, but other modifications, variations, and arrangements of the present invention may be made in accordance with the above teachings to practice the invention within the spirit and scope defined by the following claims.
4 Claims & 1 Figure
Brief description of Drawing
In the figure which are illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention.
Figure 1, The workflow of the automatic irrigation system , Claims:The scope of the invention is defined by the following claims:

Claim:
1. A system/method to develop an automatic irrigation system using Internet of Things, said system/method comprising the steps of:
a) The system starts with probe components (1), from that all the information is collected by (2) sensors.
b) Then proposed invention is incorporated microcontroller (3), is responsible for processing the information from sensor circuit and give report to the display (4).
c) Based on the relay (5) status, the water pump will be opened or closed.
2. As mentioned in claim 1, the invented system starts withthe moisture sensor record its findings. Arduino uno will be used to train the data collected.
3. According to claim 1, the irrigating system will pump water from the tank to the soil based on readings from the moisture sensor.
4. As mentioned in claim 1, the proposed invention can be used in situations where humans are unable to provide timely plant irrigation.