Description:FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to occupancy sensing devices, specifically designed to detect human presence using radar sensors and provide automated control for lighting, HVAC systems, and other appliances. Traditional occupancy sensors often rely on infrared or ultrasonic technologies, which have limitations in accuracy and range. This invention employs an Arduino Nano microcontroller and a radar sensor to enhance precision and reliability, making it ideal for modern homes, workplaces, and industrial environments.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Traditional occupancy sensing systems primarily use passive infrared (PIR) sensors or ultrasonic sensors to detect human presence. While these systems are widely used, they often face challenges such as limited detection range, susceptibility to environmental interference, and false positives caused by non-human movements.
Relevant prior art includes:
• US Patent No. US20190245678A1: Describes an occupancy sensing system using PIR and ultrasonic sensors, but lacks advanced signal processing for enhanced accuracy.
• US Patent No. US20200345689A1: Focuses on occupancy sensing for lighting control but does not employ radar technology for improved detection.
• Indian Patent No. 202011034567A: Details an energy-efficient occupancy sensing system but does not address the limitations of conventional sensor technologies.
Despite these advancements, there remains a need for a robust, radar-based occupancy sensing device that provides higher accuracy, reliability, and adaptability in various environments.

OBJECTIVE OF THE INVENTION
The primary objective of this invention is to develop an occupancy sensing device that:
1. Utilizes radar sensor technology for precise and reliable human presence detection.
2. Integrates with an Arduino Nano microcontroller for efficient signal processing and control.
3. Supports automated control of appliances based on occupancy status.
4. Minimizes false positives and environmental interference.
5. Offers a scalable and cost-effective solution for diverse applications.
EXPERIMENTAL HARDWARE COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
The occupancy sensing device is built around the following components:
1. Arduino Nano Microcontroller
o Acts as the central processing unit.
o Processes radar sensor signals and triggers control actions based on occupancy detection.
2. Radar Sensor
o Utilizes microwave or millimeter-wave radar technology for detecting motion and presence.
o Offers a wide detection range and high sensitivity.
3. Relay Module
o Controls connected appliances such as lights, fans, or HVAC systems.
o Operates based on commands from the Arduino Nano.
4. Power Supply
o Provides regulated power to the Arduino Nano, radar sensor, and relay module.
5. Indicator LEDs and Buzzer
o Provide visual and auditory feedback for occupancy detection and system status.

WORKING METHODOLOGY
The occupancy sensing device operates as follows:
1. Occupancy Detection
o The radar sensor continuously scans the environment for motion or presence.
o Signals from the radar sensor are processed by the Arduino Nano to determine occupancy status.
2. Appliance Control
o When occupancy is detected, the Arduino Nano sends commands to the relay module to activate connected appliances.
o Appliances are turned off automatically when no occupancy is detected for a predefined period.
3. Real-Time Feedback
o Indicator LEDs light up to show the system’s operational status.
o The buzzer provides an auditory alert when occupancy is detected or appliances are controlled.
4. Energy Optimization
o The system ensures appliances operate only when needed, reducing energy consumption.
, Claims:1. An occupancy sensing device comprising:
o a) Arduino Nano microcontroller,
o b) radar sensor for motion and presence detection, and
o c) relay module for controlling appliances.
2. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the radar sensor detects human presence with high accuracy and minimal environmental interference.
3. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the Arduino Nano processes radar signals and triggers appliance control based on occupancy status.
4. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the relay module controls multiple appliances such as lights, fans, or HVAC systems.
5. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein indicator LEDs and a buzzer provide real-time feedback on occupancy detection and system status.
6. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the system optimizes energy consumption by automating appliance operation.