Description:FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present disclosure relates generally to the field of agrochemical compositions. Particularly, the present disclosure pertains to a synergistic composition and formulations thereof capable of protecting crops from harmful effects of pathogenic fungi.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Fungicides are compounds, of natural or synthetic origin, which act to protect and cure plants against damage caused by agriculturally-relevant fungi. The ecological and economic demands made on modern active ingredients, for example fungicides, are increasing constantly, for example with respect to activity spectrum, toxicity, selectivity, application rate, formation of residues and favourable manufacture. There are also problems, for example, that are associated with resistances. There is thus a constant need to develop novel fungicidal compositions with different modes of action which have advantages over the known compounds and compositions at least in some areas. Hence, a premix of the best possible formulation for a combination of fungicides would help growers to combat these important fungal diseases.
A typical challenge in the field of crop protection is to reduce the dose rates of an active ingredient in order to reduce or avoid unfavorable environmental or toxicological effects whilst still allowing effective control. Therefore, a combined application of an effective amount of fungicides in a uniform composition is a practical necessity. The present invention relates to a fungicidal product that contains a combination of active substances, a method for controlling undesired pathogenic microorganism using this product, its use and the plant propagation organs treated with this product, as well as the use of this combination for the preparation of the product
Kasugamycin with CAS registration number 6980-18-3 is a derivative of an amino cyclitol glycoside that is isolated from Streptomyces kasugaensis and exhibits antibiotic and fungicidal properties. It has a role as a bacterial metabolite, a protein synthesis inhibitor and an antifungal agrochemical. It is an amino cyclitol glycoside, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, a monosaccharide derivative, a carboxamidine and antibiotic fungicide.
It has IUPAC name is 2-amino-2-[(2R,3S,5S,6R)-5-amino-2-methyl-6-[(2R,3S,5S,6S)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxycyclohexyl]oxyoxan-3-yl]iminoacetic acid and has following structure .

KASUGAMYCIN
Flusilazole is an organosilicon compound . It is a broad-sepctrum fungicide used to protect a variety of crops. It has a role as a xenobiotic, an environmental contaminant, (sterol 14alpha-demethylase) inhibitor and an antifungal agrochemical. It is a member of monofluorobenzenes, a member of triazoles, an organosilicon compound, a conazole fungicide and a triazole fungicide., It is used to control fungal infections on a variety of fruit and vegetable crops.
It has an IUPAC name as 1-{[Bis (4-fluorophenyl)(methyl)silyl]methyl}-1H-1,2,4-tri having chemical structure as:

FLUSILAZOLE
Copper oxychloride is a copper based broad spectrum fungicide which controls the fungal as well as bacterial diseases by its contact action. It also effectively controls the fungus resistant to other fungicides. Due to its fine particles, it sticks to the leaves and helps to restrict the growth of the fungus. It is a broad-spectrum contact fungicide with protective action. Copper because of its strong bonding affinity to amino acids and carboxyl groups, reacts with protein and acts as an enzyme inhibitor in target organisms. Copper kills spores by combining withsulphahydral groups of certain enzymes.
It has an IUPAC name as Dicopper chloride trihydroxide having chemical structure as:

COPPER OXYCHLORIDE
Patent documents WO2018025192, CN102835407, CN101700028 and journal documents Plant Disease, 87(7), 784-788(2003) and Pestology, 38(1), 47-51(2014) also describes the composition of Azoxystrobin and Mancozeb.
Further, repeated and exclusive application of individual pesticide compounds leads to development of natural or adapted resistance against the active compounds. Therefore, there is a need for pest control agents that help in preventing resistance induced by pesticides.
CN102113511 describes compositions containing azoxystrobin as part A and the B is selected one from myclobutanil, flusilazole, mancozeb and dimethomorph.
It has been found that, as a solution to the above mentioned problems, a combination comprising Kasugamycin, Flusilazole and Copper oxychloride provides an effective composition in controlling a wide variety of undesired pathogenic microorganisms. The present invention provides a combination of Kasugamycin, Flusilazole and Copper oxychloride with enhanced efficacy and spectrum as compared to the use of Kasugamycin, Flusilazole and Copper oxychloride alone.
OBJECT AND ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION:
It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel and synergistic fungicidal composition demonstrating high efficacy and high selectivity.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a novel and effective fungicidal composition for controlling the harmful pests and fungi in plants.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a novel and effective synergistic fungicidal composition which can be easily formulated.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a novel and effective synergistic fungicidal composition which is ideal for fungicide resistance management.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a novel and effective synergistic fungicidal composition which uses lesser amounts of the actives as compared to the actives when used alone.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a novel and effective synergistic fungicidal composition which is environmentally safe, possesses broad spectrum bio-efficacy, is less toxic in terms of phytotoxicity to plants and dermal and inhalational toxicity to humans.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION:
Accordingly, in one aspect, the present invention provides a fungicidal composition comprising of Kasugamycin, Flusilazole and Copper oxychloride.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a combination of Kasugamycin, Flusilazole and Copper oxychloride to control a wide variety of undesired pathogenic microorganisms.
In one aspect, the present invention provides a synergistic composition of Kasugamycin, Flusilazole, Copper oxychloride and agrochemically acceptable additives.
In yet another aspect, the present invention provides a synergistic composition comprising Kasugamycin, Flusilazole and Copper oxychloride, the composition possesses fungicidal activity.
In a further aspect, the present invention provides a method for effective control of various fungi in plants.
In one aspect of the present invention, the fungicidal composition of the present invention further comprises an agrochemically acceptable excipients selected from the group consisting of Emulsifiers anti-freezing agent, dispersing agents, wetting agents, antifoaming agents, inert carriers biocides, thickeners, solvents, and the like. Additional components may also be included, e.g. thickeners, stabilizers, More generally, the active materials can be combined with any solid or liquid additive, formulation aids which complies with usual formulation techniques.
In another aspect of the present invention, the fungicidal composition is formulated as capsule suspension (CS), Dispersible concentrate (DC), Dustable powder (DP), Powder for dry seed treatment (DS), Emulsifiable concentrate (EC), Emulsifiable granule (EG) Emulsifiable water-in-oil (EO), Emulsifiable powder (EP), Emulsifiable for seed treatment (ES), Emulsifiable oil-in-water 30 (EW), flowable concentrate for seed treatment (FS), Suspension Concentrate (SC), Suspo-emulsion (SE), Water dispersible powder for slurry seed treatment (WS), Water dispersible granules (WDG) and Wettable powders (WP), a mixed formulation of CS and SC (ZC), soluble liquid (SL).
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the invention further provides the process for preparation of the said formulation wherein, the said formulation can be one or more of capsule suspension (CS), Dispersible concentrate (DC), Dustable powder (DP), Powder for dry seed treatment (DS), Emulsifiable concentrate (EC), Emulsifiable granule (EG) Emulsifiable water-in-oil (EO), Emulsifiable powder (EP), Emulsifiable for seed treatment (ES), Emulsifiable oil-in-water (EW), flowable concentrate for seed treatment (FS), Suspension Concentrate (SC), Suspo-emulsion (SE), Water dispersible powder for slurry seed treatment (WS), Water dispersible granules (WDG) and Wettable powders (WP), a mixed formulation of CS and SC (ZC), soluble liquid (SL).
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Discussed below are some representative embodiments of the present invention. The invention in its broader aspects is not limited to the specific details and representative methods. The illustrative examples are described in this section in connection with the embodiments and methods provided. The invention according to its various aspects is particularly pointed out and distinctly claimed in the appended claims read in view of this specification and appropriate equivalents.
It is to be noted that, as used in the specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to a composition containing “a compound” includes a mixture of two or more compounds. It should also be noted that the term “or” is generally employed in its sense including “and/or” unless the content clearly dictates otherwise.
The expression of various quantities in terms of “% w/w” or “%” means the percentage by weight, relative to the weight of the total solution or composition unless otherwise specified.
The term “active ingredient” (a.i.) or “active agent” used herein refers to that component of the composition responsible for control of Fungal-pests or disease.
As used herein, the terms "comprises", "comprising", "includes", "including", or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, subject to any limitation explicitly indicated. For example, a composition or a method that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such composition, or method.
As used herein, the term “composition” or "formulation" can be used interchangeably, unless stated otherwise, is meant to encompass, and are not limited to, compositions or formulations containing the combination of Kasugamycin, Flusilazole, Copper oxychloride.
As used herein, the term “additive(s)” or "auxiliary agent(s)" or “agrochemically acceptable carrier(s)” can be used interchangeably and refers to inert substances which are commonly used as diluent, to provide stability or to increase the activity profile of the composition or formulation with or without having agrochemical activity or direct effect on the undesired phytopathogenic fungi and/or microorganisms.
As used herein, the term "agrochemically acceptable salts" are typically acid addition salts of inorganic or organic acids, preferably of hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, phosphoric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, toluene sulfonic acid or benzoic acid.
As used herein the term “fungicidal” refers to the ability of a composition or substance to reduce the rate of fungal growth or increase fungal mortality.
As used herein, the term "effective amount" means the amount of the active substances in the compositions to achieve an observable effect on growth, including the effects of necrosis, death, retardation, prevention, and removal, destruction, or otherwise diminishing the occurrence and activity of the target organism. The effective amount can vary for the various compositions used in the present invention. An effective amount of the compositions will also vary according to the prevailing conditions such as desired pesticidal effect and duration, weather, target species, locus, mode of application, and the like.
In an embodiment, the fungicidal composition wherein the Kasugamycin ranging from 0.1% to 30.0% by weight of the fungicidal composition.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, Kasugamycin is present in an amount of 2.50% weight of the fungicidal composition.
In an embodiment, the fungicidal composition wherein the Flusilazole ranging from 0.1% to 30.0% by weight of the fungicidal composition.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, Flusilazole is present in an amount of 9.50% weight of the fungicidal composition.
In an embodiment, the fungicidal composition wherein the Copper oxychloride ranging from 0.1% to 50.0% by weight of the fungicidal composition.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, Copper oxychloride is present in an amount of 28 % weight of the fungicidal composition.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the invention further provides the process for preparation of the said formulation wherein, the said formulation can be one or more of as suspension concentrate (SC), wettable granules (WG), wettable powder (WP), a water dispersible granule (WDG), a water dispersible tablet (WT), an ultra-low volu (ULV) liquid (UL), an ultra-low volume (ULV) suspension (SU), a water soluble powder (SP), a suspo-emulsion (SE), granule (GR), an emulsifiable granule (EG), an oil-in-water or water in oil emulsion (EW), an emulsifiable concentrate (EC), a micro-emulsion (ME), an oil dispersion (OD), a capsule suspension (CS), a dustable powder (DP) or an aerosol (AE).
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, the formulation is Suspension Concentrate (SC), Suspo-emulsion (SE), oil dispersion (OD), Water dispersible granules (WDG), Granules (GR) and Wettable powders (WP).
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the agrochemically acceptable excipients of the formulation are selected from the group consisting of Emulsifiers dispersing agents, wetting agents, antifoaming agents, Rheology modifiers, binding agents, solvents, inert carrier, biocides, Ph Modifiers, Super-Wetting-spreading-penetrating agent, Stabilizing agents, anti-freezing agent and coloring agents .
Emulsifiers is selected from the group comprising of, but not limited to ethoxylatedpropoxylated alcohols, alkylphenolethoxylates, alkoxylatedtristyrylphenols, calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, mixture of fatty acid polyethylene glycol ester, ethoxylated propoxylatedpolyaryl phenol, ethoxylated fatty acids, fatty alcohol ethoxylates, ethoxylated ricinoleic acid triglycerides, sorbitan trioleate, tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate, castor oil ethoxylate, alkoxylated phosphate ester or mixtures thereof; These binders or adhesive imparting agents may be used alone or in combination thereof. The Emulsifiers is present in an amount of from 0.1% to 20.0% by weight based on a total weight of the composition.
Dispersing agent is selected from the group comprising of, but not limited to polymeric ester dispersant, ethoxylated polyarylphenol phosphate ester, sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonate condensate/naphthalene sulphonic acid condensate, acrylic copolymer, nonionic proprietary surfactant blend, polycarboxylates, calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, aryl sulphonate condensate, sodium lignosulphonate, dispertox BS SPL, polystyrenatedacrylated co-polymer, modified styrene acrylic copolymer, salts of phenol sulfonic acids, Terwet 2700,butyl polyalkylene oxide block co-polymer, mixture of tristyrylphenolethoxylates and polyalkylene oxide derivative of a synthetic alcohol, Kraft lignin sulphonate, random co-polymer of alcoxylated polyethylene glycol or mixtures thereof; The Dispersing agent is present in an amount of from 0.1% to 20.0% by weight based on a total weight of the composition.
Wetting agent is selected from the group comprising of, but not limited to sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, alpha olefin sulfonates, disodium laureth sulfosuccinate, diisodecyl sodium sulfosuccinate, alkyl sulfosuccinic monoesters, dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt, sulfonic acids C14-16-alkane hydroxy and C14-16-alkene sodium salts, polyoxyethylene sorbitanmonooleate, Sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, polyoxyethylene ether or mixtures thereof. The Wetting agent is present in an amount of from 0.1% to 15.0% by weight based on a total weight of the composition.
Antifoaming agent is selected from the group comprising of, but not limited to polydimethyl siloxane, polydimethyl siloxane emulsion or mixtures thereof; The Antifoaming agent is present in an amount of from 0.01% to 5.0% by weight based on a total weight of the composition.
Rheology modifier is selected from the group comprising of, but not limited to precipitated silica, fumed silica, modified fumed silica, bentonite, hydroxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, xanthan gum, thickening silica, hydrated clay minerals, magnesium aluminium silicates, Precipitated silica, organic derivative of hectorite clay, hydrophobic fumed silica, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) or mixture thereof; The Rheology modifier is present in an amount of from 0.1% to 20.0% by weight based on a total weight of the composition.
Solvents is selected from the group comprising of, but not limited to Demineralized (DM) water, N-alkyl-pyrrolidone, oil medium selected from the group comprising, esterified fatty acids selected from methyl and/or ethyl ester of vegetable oil such as methyl soyate, ethyl soyate, rapeseed methyl ester, rapeseed ethyl ester or mixtures thereof. The Solvents is present in an amount of from 0% to 95% by weight based on a total weight of the composition.
Inert carriers is selected from the group comprising of, but not limited to kaolin, china clay, alumina, talc, chalk, quartz, attapulgite, montmorillonite, crushed and fractionated natural minerals such as calcite, marble, pumice, dextrin, precipitated silica, sepiolite, bentonite, river sand, white sand, zeolites, starch, sand, talc, quartz, dolomite, diatomaceous earth, aluminium oxide, silicates, calcium phosphates, calcium hydrogen phosphates, ammonium sulphate or mixtures thereof. The inert carriers is present in an amount of from 0% to 90% by weight based on a total weight of the composition.
Biocides is selected from the group comprising of, but not limited to biocide by weight of the formulation selected from the group comprising of 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one, formaldehyde, dipropyl glycol solution of 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one or mixtures thereof. The Biocides is present in an amount of from 0% to 3% by weight based on a total weight of the composition.
Antifreezing agents is selected from the group comprising of, but not limited to selected from the group comprising of ethylene glycol, propane-1,2-diol, propane-1,2,3-triol, urea or mixtures thereof. The Anti freezing agents is present in an amount of from 0% to 15% by weight based on a total weight of the composition.
Stabilizing agents is selected from the group comprising of, but not limited to selected from the group comprising of epoxidized soyabean oil, butylated hydroxy toluene, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, sodium benzoate, etc. or mixtures thereof. The Stabilizing agents are present in an amount of from 0% to 5% by weight based on a total weight of the composition.
Super-Wetting-spreading-penetrating agent is blend of methylated seed oil-organic silicone compound may be selected from methylated seed oil-polyalkyleneoxide modified trisiloxane, methylated seed oil-polyalkyleneoxide modified polydimethylsiloxane, methylated seed oil-20 trisiloxane ethoxylate, Polyalkyleneoxide modified heptamethyltrisiloxane methylated seed oil-polyoxyethylene methyl polysiloxane, methylated seed oil-polyether polymethyl siloxane copolymer, methylated seed oil-polyether modified polysiloxane. The Super-Wetting-spreading-penetrating agent is present in an amount of from 0.1% to 5.0% by weight based on a total weight of the composition.
Wetting cum dispersing agent is selected from the group comprising of, but not limited to non-ionic proprietary surfactant blend alkylphenol ethoxylates or polyoxyethylene sorbitan esters, Tergitol ECO-36, lignosulfonates, sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonate condensates, tristyrylphenol ethoxylates. In a preferred embodiment, the wetting cum dispersing agent in an amount of from 0.1% to 5.0% by weight based on a total weight of the composition.
pH Stabilizers is selected from the group comprising of sodium pyrophosphate, sodium acetate, sodium oxalate, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, trisodium phosphate, citric acid, trisodium citrate, monoethanol amine, triethanol amine, triethylamine, dibasic esters selected from dimethyl succinate, dimethyl glutarate, dimethyl adipate, ortho phosphoric acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, hydrochloric acid. The pH Stabilizers is present in an amount of from 0.01% to 10.0% by weight based on a total weight of the composition.
Coloring agents is selected from the group comprising of, but not limited to coloring agent by weight of the formulation selected from dye, pigment or mixtures thereof such as Triaryl methane acid blue, 3-hydroxy-N-(2-methylphenyl)-4-[(E)-(2,4,5-trichlorophenyl)diazinyl]-2-naphthamide and Acid Brilliant Green.. The coloring agents is present in an amount of from ranges from 0.01% to 5.0 % by weight based on a total weight of the composition.
Thickening agents is selected from the group comprising of, but not limited to thickening agents by weight of the formulation selected from Hydrophobic fumed silica, Polysaccharides/carboxymethyl cellulose/Bentonite Clay or Organic derivative of hectorite clay. The thickening agents is present in an amount of from ranges from 1%-5%by weight based on a total weight of the composition .
The undesired pathogenic microorganism for the present invention is selected from the group comprising of Albugo spp. (white rust) on ornamentals, vegetables (e.g. A. Candida) and sunflowers (e.g. A. tragopogonis); Alternaria spp. (Alternaria leaf spot) on vegetables, citrus fruits (A. citri), rape (A. brassicola or A. brassicae), sugar beets (A. tenuis), fruits, rice, soybeans, potatoes (e.g. A. solani or A. alternata), tomatoes (e.g. A. solaniorA. alternata) and wheat; Aphanomyces spp. on sugar beets and vegetables; Ascochyta spp. on cotton, cereals and vegetables, e.g. A. tritici(anthracnose) on wheat and A. hordeion barley; BipolarisandDrechslera spp. (teleomorph: Cochliobolus spp. for e.g. Cochlioboluscarbonum(northern corn leaf blight)), e.g. Southern leaf blight (D. maydis) or Northern leaf blight (B. zeicola) on corn, e.g. spot blotch (B. sorokiniana) on cereals, e.g. B. oryzae on rice and turfs and on oats; Blumeria(formerly Erysiphe) graminis(powdery mildew) on cereals (e.g. on wheat or barley); Botrytis cinerea(teleomorph: Botryotiniafuckeliana: grey mold) on fruits and berries (e.g. strawberries), vegetables (e.g. lettuce, carrots, celery and cabbages), rape, flowers, vines, forestry plants and wheat; Bremialactucae(downy mildew) on lettuce; Ceratocystis (syn. Ophiostoma) spp. (rot or wilt) on broadleaved trees and evergreens, e.g. C. ulmi(Dutch elm disease) on elms; Cercospora spp. (Cercospora leaf spots) on corn and cotton, (Cercospora blight spots) on cotton, (e.g. Gray leaf spot: C. zeae-maydis), rice, sugar beets (e.g. C. beticola), sugar cane, vegetables, coffee, soybeans (e.g. C. sojinaorC. kikuchii) and rice, sunflower (e.g. cercospora leaf spot: C. helianthi),peanut (e.g. early leaf spot: C. arachidicola); Cercosporidium spp. on peanut (e.g. C. personatum: late leaf spot); Cladosporium spp. on tomatoes (e.g. C. fulvum: leaf mold) and cereals, e.g. C. herbarum (black ear) on wheat, C. caryigenum(pecan scab) on pecan; Cylindrocladium spp. on peanut (C.crotalariae: cylindrocladium black rot); Clavicepspurpurea(ergot) on cereals; Cochliobolus(anamorph: Helminthosporium of Bipolaris) spp. (leaf spots) on corn (C. carbonum), cereals (e.g. C.sativus(black point), anamorph: B. sorokiniana) and rice (e.g. C. miyabeanus, anamorph: H. oryzae);Colletotrichum (teleomorph: Glomerella) spp. (anthracnose) on cotton (e.g. C. gossypii), corn (e.g. C.graminicola: Anthracnose stalk rot), soft fruits, potatoes (e.g. C. coccodes: black dot), beans (e.g. C.Iindemuthianum), citrus fruits (e.g. C. acutatum(post bloom fruit drop), C. gloeosporioides) andsoybeans (e.g. C. truncatumorC. gloeosporioides); Corticium spp., e.g. C. sasakii(sheath blight) onrice; Corynesporacassiicola(leaf spots) on soybeans and ornamentals; Cycloconium spp., e.g. C.oleaginumon olive trees; Cylindrocarpon spp. (e.g. fruit tree canker or young vine decline,teleomorph: NectriaorNeonectria spp.) on fruit trees, vines (e.g. C. liriodendri, teleomorph:Neonectrialiriodendri: Black Foot Disease) and ornamentals; Dematophora(teleomorph: Rosellinia)necatrix(root and stem rot) on soybeans; Diplodia spp. e.g. Diplodia boll rot on cotton, Diaporthespp., e.g. D. phaseolorum(damping off) on soybeans, D. citri(melanose) on citrus fruits; Drechslera (syn. Helminthosporium, teleomorph: Pyrenophora) spp. on corn, cereals, such as barley (e.g. D.teres, net blotch), oats (e.g. D. avenae, leaf spot), and wheat (e.g. D. tritici-repentis: tan spot), rice andturf; Esca (dieback, apoplexy) on vines, caused by Formitiporia(syn. Phellinus) punctata, F.mediterranea, Phaeomoniellachlamydospora (earlier Phaeoacremoniumchlamydosporum), Phaeoacremoniumaleophilumand/or Botryosphaeriaobtusa; Elsinoe spp. on pome fruits (E. pyri),on citrus fruits (E. fawcetti), soft fruits (E. veneta: anthracnose) and vines (E. ampelina: anthracnose);Entyloma oryzae (leaf smut) on rice; Epicoccum spp. (black mold) on wheat; Erysiphe spp. (powderymildew) on sugar beets (E. betae), (powdery mildew) on rye (E. graminis), vegetables (e.g. E. pisi),such as cucurbits (e.g. E. cichoracearum), cabbages, sunflower, rape 5 (e.g. E. cruciferarum), peas andbean (e.g. E. polygoni); Eutypalata(Eutypa canker or dieback, anamorph: Cytosporinalata, syn.Libertellablepharis) on fruit trees, vines and ornamental woods; Exserohilum (syn.Helminthosporium) spp. on corn (e.g. E. turcicum); Fusarium (teleomorph: Gibberella) spp. (wilt,root or stem rot) on various plants, such as hardlock, boll rot of cotton, F. graminearumorF.culmorum(root rot, scab or head blight) on cereals (e.g. wheat or barley), F. oxysporumontomatoes,F. solanion soybeans and F. verticillioides on corn; Gaeumannomycesgraminis(take-all) on cereals(e.g. wheat or barley) and corn; Gibberella spp. on cereals (e.g. G. zeae) and rice (e.g. G. fujikuroi:Bakanae disease); Glomerellacingulataon vines, pome fruits and other plants and G. gossypiioncotton; Grain staining complex on rice; Guignardiabidwellii(black rot) on vines, Guignardiacitricarpa(balck spot) on citrus fruits; Gymnosporangium spp. on rosaceous plants and junipers, e.g. G. sabinae(rust) on pears; Helminthosporium spp. (syn. Drechslera, teleomorph: Cochliobolus) oncorn, cereals and rice; Hemileia spp., e.g. H. vastatrix(coffee leaf rust) on coffee; Isariopsis clavispora(syn. Cladosporium vitis) on vines; Kabatiellazeae(eyespot) on corn; Leptosphaeria maculans(blackleg) on oilseed crops; Leptosphaerulina spp. on peanut (e.g. L. crassiasca:pepperspot); Macrophominaphaseolina(syn. phaseoli) (root and stem rot) on soybeans and cotton; Microdochium (syn. Fusarium) nivale (pink snow mold) on cereals (e.g. wheat or barley);Microsphaeradiffusa(powdery mildew) on soybeans; Myeosphaerellacitri(greasy spot) on citrusfruit, Monilinia spp., e.g. M. laxa, M. fructicolaandM. fructigena(bloom and twig blight, brown rot)on stone fruits and other rosaceous plants; Mycosphaerella spp. on peas and beans, cereals, bananas,soft fruits and ground nuts, such as e.g. M. graminicola(anamorph: Septoria tritici, Septoria blotch) on wheat or M. fijiensis(black Sigatoka disease) on bananas; Peronospora spp. (downy mildew) oncabbage (e.g. P. brassicae), rape (e.g. P. parasitica), onions (e.g. P. destructor), tobacco (P. tabacina)and soybeans (e.g. P. manshurica); Phyllosticta maydis (yellow leaf blight) on corn; PhakopsorapachyrhiziandP. meibomiae(soybean rust) on soybeans; Phialophora spp. e.g. on vines (e.g. P.tracheiphilaandP. tetraspora) and soybeans (e.g. P. gregata: stem rot); Phoma lingam (root andstem rot) on rape and cabbage and P. betae(root rot, leaf spot and damping-off) on sugar beets,Phomaexigua(ascochyta blight) on peas and beans, phoma blight, boll rot on cotton, Phomaarachidicola(web blotch) on peanut; Phomopsis spp. on sunflowers, vines (e.g. P. viticola: can andleaf spot) and soybeans (e.g. stem rot:. phaseoli, teleomorph: Diaporthephaseolorum); Phykopsoraspp. e.g. rust on cotton, Physoderma maydis (physoderma brown spot) on corn; Phytophthora spp.(wilt, root, leaf, fruit and stem root) on various plants, such as paprika and cucurbits (e.g. P. capsici),soybeans (e.g. P. megasperma, syn. P. sojae), potatoes and tomatoes (e.g. P. infestans: late blight),broad-leaved trees (e.g. P. ramorum: sudden oak death) and peas and beans (e.g. P. nicotianae:downy mildew); Plasmodiophorabrassicae(club root) on cabbage, rape, radish and other plants;Plasmopara spp., e.g. P. viticola(downy mildew) on vines and P. halstediionsunflowers;Podosphaera spp. (powdery mildew) on rosaceous plants, hop, pome and soft fruits, e.g. P. leucotrichaon apples; Polymyxa spp., e.g. on cereals, such as barley and wheat (P. graminis) and sugar beets (P. betae) and thereby transmitted viral diseases; Pseudocercosporellaherpotrichoides(eyespot, teleomorph: Tapesiayallundae) on cereals, e.g. wheat or barley; Pseudoperonospora(downy mildew) on various plants, e.g. P. cubensison cucurbits or P. humilion hop; Pseudopeziculatracheiphila(red fire disease or rotbrenner, anamorph: Phialophora) on vines; Puccinia spp. (rusts)on various plants, e.g. P. triticina(brown or leaf rust), P. striiformis(stripe or yellow rust), P. hordei(dwarf rust), P. graminis(stem or black rust) or P. recondita(brown or leaf rust) on cereals, such ase.g. wheat, barley or rye (P. recondita), P. kuehnii(orange rust) on sugar cane and P. asparagionasparagus, P. coronata(crown rust) and P. graminis(stem rust) on oats, P. arachidis(rust) on peanut;Pyrenophora(anamorph: Drechslera) tritici-repentis(tan spot) on wheat, P. feres(net blotch) onbarley, or P. avenae(leaf blotch) on oats; Pyricularia spp., e.g. P. oryzae (teleomorph: Magnaporthegrisea, rice blast) on rice and P. griseaon turf and cereals; Pythium spp. (damping-off) on turf, rice,corn, wheat, cotton, rape, sunflowers, soybeans, sugar beets, vegetables and various other plants (e.g.P.ultimumorP. aphanidermatum); Ramularia spp., e.g. R. collo-cygni(Ramularia leaf spots,physiological leaf spots) on barley and mint, and R. beticolaon sugar beets; Rhizoctonia spp. Oncotton, rice, potatoes, turf, corn, rape, potatoes, sugar beets, vegetables and various other plants, e.g.R. solani(root and stem rot) on soybeans, R. solani(sheath blight) on rice and peanut, or R. cerealis(Rhizoctonia spring blight) on wheat or barley; Rhizopus stolonifer(black mold, soft rot) on strawberries, carrots, cabbage, vines and tomatoes; Rhynchosporiumsecalis(scald) on barley, rye andtriticale; Sarocladium oryzae and S. attenuatum(sheath rot) on rice; Sclerotinia spp. (stem rot orwhite mold) on vegetables and field crops, such as rape, sunflowers (e.g. S. sclerotiorum) andsoybeans (e.g. S. rolfsiiorS. sclerotiorum), S. minor (sclerotinia blight) on peanut, S. sclerotiorum(white mold) on potato; Sclerotium spp. on peanut (e.g. S. rolfsii); Septoria spp. on various plants, e.g.S. glycines(brown spot) on soybeans, S. tritici(Septoria blotch) on wheat and S. nodorum(syn.Stagonospora) (Stagonospora blotch) on cereals, S. avenae(Septoria blotch) on oats, S. linicola (pasmo) on flax seed; Uncinula(syn. Erysiphe) necator(powdery mildew, anamorph: Oidiumtuckeri)on vines; Setospaeria spp. (leaf blight) on corn (e.g. S. turcicum, syn. Helminthosporiumturcicum)and turf; Sphacelotheca spp. (smut) on corn, (e.g. S. reiliana: head smut), sorghum und sugarcane;Sphaerothecafuliginea(powdery mildew) on cucurbits; Spongosporasubterranea(powdery scab) onpotatoes and thereby transmitted viral diseases; Stagonospora spp. on cereals, e.g. S. nodorum(Stagonospora blotch, teleomorph: Leptosphaeria (syn. Phaeosphaeria) nodorum) on wheat, septrotialeaf and glume blotch on rye; Stemphyllium spp. e.g. stemphyllium leaf spot on cotton, Synchytriumendobioticumon potatoes (potato wart disease); Taphrina spp., e.g. T. deformans (leaf curl disease)on peaches and T. pruni(plum pocket) on plums; Thielaviopsis spp. (black root rot) on tobacco, pomefruits, vegetables, soybeans and cotton, e.g. T. basicola(syn. Chalara elegans); Tilletia spp. (commonbunt or stinking smut) on cereals, such as e.g. T. tritici(syn. T. caries, wheat bunt) and T. controversa(dwarf bunt) on wheat; Typhulaincarnata(grey snow mold) on barley or wheat; Urocystis spp., e.g.U. occulta (stem smut) on rye; Uromyces spp. (rust) on vegetables, such as beans (e.g. U.appendiculatus, syn. U. phaseoli) and sugar beets (e.g. U. betae); Ustilago spp. (loose smut) oncereals (e.g. U. nuda and U. avaenae), corn (e.g. U. maydis: corn smut) and sugar cane; Venturia spp.(scab) on apples (e.g. V. inaequalis) and pears; and Verticillium spp. (wilt) on various plants, such asfruits and ornamentals, vines, soft fruits, vegetables and field crops, e.g. V. dahliaeonstrawberries,rape, potatoes and tomatoes.
In yet another embodiment, the combination or the composition of the present invention is effective for management of fungi or pests selected from one or more of. wheat, rye, barley, triticale, oats or rice; beet, e.g. sugar beet or fodder beet; fruits, such as pomes, stone fruits or soft fruits, e.g. apples, pears, plums, peaches, almonds, cherries, strawberries, raspberries, blackberries or gooseberries; leguminous plants, such as lentils, peas, alfalfa or soybeans; oil plants, such as rape, mustard, olives, sunflowers, coconut, cocoabeans, castor oil plants, oil palms, ground nuts or soybeans; cucurbits, such as squashes, cucumber or melons; fiber plants, such as cotton, flax, hemp or jute; citrus fruit, such as oranges, lemons, grapefruits or mandarins; vegetables, such as spinach, lettuce, asparagus, cabbages, carrots, onions, tomatoes, potatoes, cucurbits or paprika; lauraceous plants, such as avocados, cinnamon or camphor; energy and raw material plants, such as corn, soybean, rape, sugar cane or oil palm; corn; tobacco; nuts; coffee; tea; bananas; vines (table grapes and grape juice grape vines); hop; turf; sweet leaf (also called Stevia); natural rubber plants or ornamental and forestry plants, such as flowers, shrubs, broadleaved trees or evergreens, e.g. conifers; and on the plant propagation material, such as seeds, and the crop material of these plants.
In yet another preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a fungicidal combination or composition comprising of Kasugamycin, Flusilazole, Copper oxychloride to control the pathogenic microorganism on economically important crops such as rice, chilli, apple, peppers, soybean, cotton, chick pea, pigeon pea, Grapes, Apple and pomegranate, tea, potato, and tomato.
In another embodiment, the present invention provides a combination/composition that shows enhanced action against undesired pathogenic microorganisms, in comparison to the control rates that are possible with the individual compounds and/or suitable for improving the health of plants when applied to plants, parts of plants, plant propagation materials, or at their locus of their growth.
Examples:
The examples below are given solely for the purpose of illustration and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention, as many variations thereof are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Example 1: Preparation of fungicidal composition as Suspo-emulsion (SE)formulation:
In an embodiment, the chemical composition of the present fungicidal is depicted below in Table 1 (a) below:

Table-1 (a):Fungicidal Composition of the Suspo-emulsion (SE)formulation
Component Composition (%w/w) Remark
Kasugamycin 2.50 Active Ingredient
Flusilazole 9.50 Active Ingredient
Copper oxychloride 28.00 Active Ingredient
Polyalkoxylated butyl ether block co-polymer 2.00 Emulsifier
Ethoxylatedtristyrylphenol 2.00 Emulsifier
Sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate 1.00 Wetting agent
Kraft lignin sulphonate 2.00 Dispersing agent
Propane-1,2,3-triol 6.00 Antifreezing agent
Dipropylene glycol solution of 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one 0.10 Biocide
Polydimethylsiloxane emulsion 0.30 Antifoaming agent
Precipitated silica 2.00 Rheology modifier
Citric acid 1.00 pH stabilizer
Sodium benzoate 1.50 Stabilizing agent
Xanthum gum (2 % w/w aqueous of Rhodopol 23) 3.00 Rheology modifier
Light aromatic solvent naphtha 10.0 Solvent
Demineralizedwater Balance to 100 Solvent

Process for preparing Suspo-emulsion (SE)formulation:
Preparation of Flusilazole emulsion in water phase
The active ingredient Flusilazole was dissolved inlight aromatic solvent naphtha at room temperature. To this solution an emulsifier polyalkoxylated butyl ether block co-polymer and ethoxylated tristyrylphenol were added under stirring. To this oil portion demineralized waterwas added under stirring and stirring was continued to form Flusilazole emulsion in water phase.

Preparation of aqueous phase of Kasugamycin and Copper oxychloride:
In demineralized water constituents namely dipropylene glycol solution of 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one, polydimethylsiloxane emulsion, propane-1,2,3-triol, sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate and kraft lignin sulphonate as mentioned in Table 1 were added into the clean pre-mixing vessel fitted with the homogenizer and all the ingredients were mixed for sufficient time with the homogenizer to obtain a mixture. The active ingredients, Kasugamycin, Copper oxychloride, precipitated silica, pH modifier and stabilizer were added to the obtained mixture and continued to mix for sufficient time with the homogenizer to obtain a slurry. The slurry was passed through jacketed bead mill with chilled water circulation for particle size reduction to obtain an aqueous phase of Kasugamycin and Copper oxychloride of desirable particle size. The aqueous phase of Kasugamycin and Copper oxychloride was collected into mixing vessel fitted with the stirrer.
Preparation of Suspo-emulsion (SE) formulation:
The Flusilazole emulsion in water phasewas added to the aqueous phase of Kasugamycin and Copper oxychloride under a continuous agitation for an optimum amount of time at room temperature. Then a suitable quantity of rheology modifier, 2 % xanthum gum was added to the mixture. The mixture was continuously agitated until the appropriate time to form suspo-emulsion (SE) formulation.
Example 2: Preparation of Fungicidal composition as Oil Dispersion (OD) formulation:

Table-1 (b) : Fungicidal Composition of the Oil Dispersion (OD) formulation
Component Composition (%w/w) Remark
Kasugamycin 2.50 Active Ingredient
Flusilazole 9.50 Active Ingredient
Copper oxychloride 28.00 Active Ingredient
Tergitol ECO-36 5.00 Wetting cum dispersing agent
Random co-polymer of alcoxylated polyethylene glycol 3.50 Dispersing agent
Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) 0.8 Dispersing agent
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt 7.0 Wetting Agent
Tridecyl Alcohol ethoxylate 10.00 Emulsifier
Polydimethyl siloxane 1.00 Antifoaming agent
Hydrophobic fumed silica 3.50 Thickeners
Citric Acid 0.5 pH stabiliser
Organic derivative of hectorite clay 2.00 Thickeners
Methyl soyate oil (UNITOP – MSO) Balance to 100 Solvent

Process for preparing oil Dispersion (OD) formulation:
An oil medium methyl soyate (UNITOP – MSO) along with other constituents namely ethoxylatedricinoleic acid triglycerides (Tergitol ECO-36), random co-polymer of alcoxylated polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), dioctylsulfosuccinate sodium salt, tridecylalcoholethoxylate, and polydimethyl siloxane as mentioned in Table 2 were added into the clean pre mixing vessel fitted with the homogenizer and all the ingredients were mixed for 15 minutes with the homogenizer to obtain a mixture. The active ingredients, Kasugamycin, Flusilazole and Copper oxychloride were added to the obtained mixture and continued to mix for 1 to 2 hours with the homogenizer to obtain a slurry. The slurry was passed through jacketed bead mill with chilled water circulation for particle size reduction to obtain a milled slurry of desirable particle size. The milled slurry was collected into post mixing vessel fitted with the stirrer. Thickeners hydrophobic fumed silica, citric acid and organic derivative of hectorite clay were added into the post mixing vessel and continued to mix for 4 to 6 hours to obtain homogeneous oil dispersion (OD).
Example 3: Preparation of Fungicidal composition as water dispersible granules (WDG):
Table-1 (c): Fungicidal Composition of the water dispersible granules (WDG) formulation
Component Composition (%w/w) Remark
Kasugamycin 2.50 Active Ingredient
Flusilazole 9.50 Active Ingredient
Copper oxychloride 28.00 Active Ingredient
Sulfonic acids, C14-16-alkane hydroxy and C14-
16-alkene, sodium salts 5.00 Wetting agent
Dispertox BS SPL 7.00 Dispersing agent
Sodium ligno sulfonate 5.00 Dispersing agent
Terwet 2700 5.00 Dispersing agent
Naphthalene sulphonic acid condensate 5.00 Dispersing agent
Attagel 01 1.00 Inert carrier
Precipitated silica 2.00 Inert carrier
Atlox 3772 1.00 Antifoaming agent
Polyalkyleneoxide modified heptamethyltrisiloxane 1.00 Super-Wetting-spreading-penetrating agent
Kaolin Balance to 100 Inert carrier

Process for preparing water dispersible granules (WDG)formulation:
Pre-blending Kasugamycin, Flusilazole, Copper oxychloride and other agrochemical acceptable auxiliaries to obtain a homogenous mixture. Milling of the blended mixture to obtain particle size in the range of below 40 micron with suitable equipment. Post blending the milled material and preparation of dough with water. Extruding the dough with suitable extruder. Drying the granules and sieve through suitable sieves size to obtain water-dispersible granules.
Example 4: Preparation of Fungicidal composition as Wettable powder (WP):
Table-1 (d) : Fungicidal Composition of the Wettable powder (WP) formulation
Component Composition (%w/w) Remark
Kasugamycin 2.50 Active Ingredient
Flusilazole 9.50 Active Ingredient
Copper oxychloride 28.00 Active Ingredient
Sulfonic acids, C14-16-alkane hydroxy and C14-16-alkene, sodium salts 5.00 Wetting agent
Dispertox BS SPL 7.00 Dispersing agent
Sodium ligno sulfonate 5.00 Dispersing agent
Terwet 2700 5.00 Dispersing agent
Naphthalene sulphonic acid condensate 5.00 Dispersing agent
Attagel 01 15.00 Inert carrier
Precipited silica 5.00 Inert carrier
Atlox 3772 1.00 Antifoaming agent
Polyalkyleneoxide modified heptamethyltrisiloxane 1.00 Spreading agent
China clay Balance to 100 Inert carrier

Process for preparing Wettable powder (WP) formulation:
Pre-blending Kasugamycin, Flusilazole, Copper oxychloride and other agrochmemical acceptable auxiliaries to obtain a homogenous mixture. Milling the blended mixture to obtain particle size in the range of below 50micron with suitable equipment. Post blending the milled material and preparation to obtain wettable powder.

Stability Data
Stability Study (Accelerated Storage test and low-temperature storage test)
According to the FAO/WHO manual, the “accelerated storage test” is considered as an indicative of product stability. That is, accelerated storage test data provides an indication that the product is stable for at least two years at ambient temperature. Further, the FAO/WHO manual indicates storage at 54 ± 2°C for 14 days as the default test conditions. Further, the FAO/WHO manual indicates low-temperature storage at 0 ± 2°C for 7 days.
The “ambient” is the sample at the room temperature which is before subjecting to the accelerated storage test.
The “accelerated storage” is the sample after subjecting the sample to accelerated storage tests at 54±2°C for 14 days.
The Fungicidal formulation composition of examples 1 - 2 were found stable after accelerated stability study at 54 ± 2° C for 14 days and low temperature at 0 ± 2°C for 7 days. The Fungicidalformulation composition of example 3 – 4were found stable after accelerated stability study at 54 ± 2° C for 14 days.
Evaluation of Bio-efficacy & Phytotoxicity of Fungicidal Composition and thereof (Kasugamycin + Flusilazole + Copper oxychloride) against Anthracnose (Colletotrichumcapsici) disease on Chilli crop.
Chilli (Capsicum annum L.) is an important spice as well as a vegetable crop grown globally. Pungent forms are used as green chilli, dry chilli, chilli powder, chilli paste, chilli sauce, chilli oleoresin, or in mixed forms. Dried fruits are extensively used as a spice. Disease infestation is one of the major factors for yield loss under irrigated conditions. Chilli is usually planted at wider spacing and grows very slowly during the fruiting stage. Diseases that emerge and become established during the fruiting stages of chilli growth can be very competitive and significantly reduce the chilli yield potential. Anthracnose (Colletotrichumcapsici)is an economically important disease affecting chilli crop.
Field evaluation of the bio - efficacy of present fungicidal composition:
The presently disclosed fungicidal (Kasugamycin + Flusilazole + Copper oxychloride) composition were tested for its bio-efficacy against Anthracnose (Colletotrichumcapsici) diseases on chilli crop, trials were laid out in randomized block design consisting of eight treatments including control in three replications.
Measured quantity of the chemical was added to required volume of water @ 500 lit. /ha was added for foliar spray. The spray tank was filled with ½ the quantity of clean required volume of water and then the measured chemical (according to the dose) was added followed by the rest half quantity of water was added. Knapsack sprayer fitted with boom along with flood jet nozzle was used to apply the spray of fungicidal composition.
Synergistic effect of the different Fungicidal compositions:
Synergistic effect was checked using Colby’s method for ternary mixes. In the Colby’s method, for a given combination of three active components, E (expected efficacy) can be expressed as:
E = A+B+C – (AB+AC+BC) + (ABC)
100 1000
Where, E = expected efficacy,
A, B and C = the efficacy of three active ingredients A, B and C at a given dose.

Synergy ratio (R) = Experimentally observed efficacy (O)
Expected efficacy (E)

If the synergism ratio (R) between observed and expected is > 1 then synergy is exhibited, if R = 1 then the effect is additive and if R<1 then the mix is antagonistic.
The experimental data was statistically analysed by Randomized Block Design (RBD) (One factor analysis) using OPSTAT HAU statistical software. The results are expressed as Mean +SE (standard error) and data was statistically analysed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), with the level of significance set at p < 0.01.
Evaluation of Bio-efficacy against Anthracnose disease of Chilli
Disease rating scale:
Table.2 - Disease rating scale for Anthracnose disease of Chilli:
S. No Rating Scale Per cent fruit area covered (%)
1 0 0
2 1 Slightly -10
3 3 11-25 %
4 5 26-50 %
5 7 51-75 %
6 9 >75 %

The per cent disease index (PDI) for all mentioned diseases recorded calculated according to the following formula:
Sum of all numerical rating
Per cent disease index = ×100
Total No. of Leaves/Fruits × Maximum Rating Grade

Table 3. Evaluation of bio-efficacy of Kasugamycin 1.75% + Flusilazole 6.9% + Copper oxychloride 25.0 % against Anthracnose (Colletotrichum capsici) disease of Chilli.
T. No. Treatments Dose/ha
a.i.(g/ml)
Formulation
(g/ml)/ha
5 DAT Colby,sValue 10 DAT Colby,sValue
PDI %Control

--
PDI %Control

-

1 Kasugamycin 3 % SL 37.5 1250 27.67
(30.32) 34.13 32.33
(31.23) 36.60
2 Flusilazole 40 % EC 120 300 26.67
(29.20) 36.51 31.33
(30.29) 38.56
3 Copper oxychloride 50% WP 1250 2500 26.33
(28.32) 37.30 30.67
(30.34) 39.87
4 Kasugamycin 3% SL + Flusilazole 40% EC + Copper oxychloride 50% WP 37.5+120+1250 1250+300+2500 8.57
(15.38) 79.60 1.08 9.33
(15.96) 81.70 1.07
5 Kasugamycin 1.75% + Flusilazole 6.9% + Copper oxychloride 25% 14.0+55.2+200 800 16.00
(25.32) 61.90 0.83 18.00
(26.43) 64.71 0.84
6 Kasugamycin 1.75% + Flusilazole 6.9% + Copper oxychloride 25% 15.7+62.1+225 900 13.67
(20.32) 67.46 0.91 15.50
(22.34) 69.61 0.90
7 Kasugamycin 1.75% + Flusilazole 6.9% + Copper oxychloride 25% 20.25+85.5+250 1000 11.67
(18.32) 72.22 0.97 12.67
(20.98) 75.16 0.98
8 Untreated Control - - 42.00
(40.34) - - 51.50
(46.87) - -
CD (5%) - - 1.24 - - 2.39 - -
SE(m) - - 0.66 - - 0.73 - -
Figures in parenthesis are angular transformed values

Results:
Results presented in Table 3 showed that incidence of Anthracnose disease of Chilli reduced in all the treatments. At 5th and 10th DAT, Tank mix formulation of Kasugamycin 3% SL + Flusilazole 40% EC + Copper oxychloride 50% WP @ 1250+300+2500 g/ml/ha was found as the best treatment in reducing the incidence to 79.60 and 81.70% respectively followed by Kasugamycin 1.75% + Flusilazole 6.9% + Copper oxychloride 25% @1000 ml/ha with 72.22 and 75.16% control, respectively. Kasugamycin 1.75% + Flusilazole 6.9% + Copper oxychloride 25.0 % @900 ml/ha resulted in 67.46 and 69.61% control whereas, Kasugamycin 1.75% + Flusilazole 6.9% + Copper oxychloride 25.0 % @800 ml/ha provided 61.90 and 64.71% control, respectively after 5th and 10th DAT, which were significantly superior in comparison to the solo application of Kasugamycin 3% SL @ 1250 ml/ha, Flusilazole 40% EC @ 300 ml/ha and Copper oxychloride 50% WP @ 2500 gm/ha against Anthracnose disease of Chilli. Among the treatments mentioned in Table 3, only tank mix formulation of Kasugamycin 3% SL + Flusilazole 40% EC + Copper oxychloride 50% WP @1250+300+2500 g/ml/ha showed synergistic effect with Colby’s synergistic value of 1.08 and 1.07 on 5th and 10th DAT, respectively.

Table 4. Evaluation of bio-efficacy of Kasugamycin 2.5% + Flusilazole 9.5% + Copper oxychloride 28 % against Anthracnose (Colletotrichum capsici) disease of Chilli.
T. No. Treatments Dose/ha
a.i.(g/ml)
Formulation
(g/ml)/ha
5 DAT Colby,s Value 10 DAT Colby,s Value
PDI % Control

-
PDI % Control

-

1 Kasugamycin 3 % SL 37.5 1250 27.33
(30.48) 31.67 33.33
(31.93) 33.33
2 Flusilazole 40 % EC 120 300 25.80
(28.98) 35.50 31.00
(29.34) 38.00
3 Copper oxychloride 50% WP 1250 2500 23.67
(28.78) 40.83 29.00
(30.23) 42.00
4 Kasugamycin 3% SL + Flusilazole 40% EC + Copper oxychloride 50% WP 37.5+120+ 1250 1250+300+ 2500 7.93
(16.34) 80.17 1.08 9.00
(17.24) 82.00 1.07
5 Kasugamycin 2.5% + Flusilazole 9.5% + Copper oxychloride 28% 20.0+76.0+224 800 13.33
(24.56) 66.67 0.90 14.33
(24.45) 71.33 0.93
6 Kasugamycin 2.5% + Flusilazole 9.5% + Copper oxychloride 28% 22.5+85.5+252 900 7.33
(15.68) 81.67 1.10 8.33
(16.73) 83.33 1.09
7 Kasugamycin 2.5% + Flusilazole 9.5% + Copper oxychloride 28% 25.0+95+280 1000 7.00
(15.47) 82.50 1.11 7.83
(16.38) 84.33 1.10
8 Untreated Control - - 42.00
(40.34) - - 51.50
(46.87) - -
CD (5%) - - 1.38 - - 2.97 - -
SE(m) - - 0.47 - - 0.64 - -
Figures in parenthesis are angular transformed values

Results:
Results presented in Table 4 showed that Kasugamycin 2.5% + Flusilazole 9.5% + Copper oxychloride 28 % @1000 g/ml/ha was found most effective with 84.33% control followed by Kasugamycin 2.5% + Flusilazole 9.5% + Copper oxychloride 28% @900 ml/ha with 83.33% control, both of the treatments were found at par with tank mix formulation of Kasugamycin 3% SL + Flusilazole 40% EC + Copper oxychloride 50% WP @ 1250+300+2500g/ml/ha with 82.00% control and Kasugamycin 2.5% + Flusilazole 9.5% + Copper oxychloride 28% @800 ml/ha resulted in 71.33% control after 10th DAT, which were significantly superior in comparison to the solo application of Kasugamycin 3% SL @ 1250 ml/ha, Flusilazole 40% EC @ 300 ml/ha and Copper oxychloride 50% WP @ 2500 gm/ha against Anthracnose disease of Chilli. Among the treatments mentioned in Table 4, Kasugamycin 2.5% + Flusilazole 9.5% + Copper oxychloride 28% @1000 ml/ha, Kasugamycin 2.5% + Flusilazole 9.5% + Copper oxychloride 28% @900 ml/ha and Kasugamycin 3% SL + Flusilazole 40% EC + Copper oxychloride 50% WP @ 1250+300+2500g/ml/ha showed synergistic effect. On 5th and 10th DAT, Colby’s synergistic value of 1.10 and 1.09 was calculated for Kasugamycin 2.5% + Flusilazole 9.5% + Copper oxychloride 28% @900 ml/ha.

Table 5. Evaluation of bio-efficacy of Kasugamycin 2.8 % + Flusilazole 11.5 % + Copper oxychloride 33.4 % against Anthracnose (Colletotrichum capsici) disease of Chilli.
T. No. Treatments Dose/ha
a.i.(g/ml)
Formulation
(g/ml)/ha
5 DAT Colby,s Value 10 DAT Colby,s Value
PDI % Control
-

PDI % Control
-


1 Kasugamycin 3 % SL 37.5 1250 26.67
(31.29) 33.33 32.00
(32.38) 36.00
2 Flusilazole 40 % EC 120 300 25.67
(29.39) 35.83 30.67
(31.29) 38.67
3 Copper oxychloride 50% WP 1250 2500 24.33
(30.38) 39.17 28.67
(32.35) 42.67
4 Kasugamycin 3% SL + Flusilazole 40% EC + Copper oxychloride 50% WP 37.5+120+ 1250 1250+300+ 2500 7.83
(16.28) 80.42 1.08 8.83
(16.39) 82.33 1.06
5 Kasugamycin 2.8 % + Flusilazole 11.5 % + Copper oxychloride 33.4 % 22.4+92+267.2 800 12.00
(23.38) 70.00 0.94 13.00
(24.39) 74.00 0.95
6 Kasugamycin 2.8 % + Flusilazole 11.5% + Copper oxychloride 33.4 % 25.2+103.5+ 300.6 900 7.17
(15.32) 82.08 1.11 8.00
(15.39) 84.00 1.08
7 Kasugamycin 2.8 % + Flusilazole 11.5% + Copper oxychloride 33.4% 28+115+334 1000 6.67
(14.84) 83.33 1.12 7.33
(14.59) 85.33 1.10
8 Untreated Control - - 42.00
(40.34) - - 51.50
(46.87) - -
CD (5%) - - 1.847 - - 2.468 - -
SE(m) - - 0.379 - - 0.653 - -
Figures in parenthesis are angular transformed values

Results:
Results presented in Table 5 showed that Kasugamycin 2.8 % + Flusilazole 11.5% + Copper oxychloride 33.4% @1000 ml/ha was found most effective with 85.33% control followed by Kasugamycin 2.8% + Flusilazole 11.5% + Copper oxychloride 33.4% @900 ml/ha found effective with 84.00% control, both of the treatments were found at par with tank mix formulation of Kasugamycin 3% SL + Flusilazole 40% EC + Copper oxychloride 50% WP @ 1250+300+2500g/ml/ha with 82.33% control and Kasugamycin 2.8% + Flusilazole 11.5% + Copper oxychloride 33.4 % @800 ml/ha resulted in 74.00% control after 10th DAT, which were significantly superior in comparison to the solo application of Kasugamycin 3% SL @ 1250 ml/ha, Flusilazole 40% EC @ 300 ml/ha and Copper oxychloride 50% WP @ 2500 gm/ha against Anthracnose disease of Chilli. Kasugamycin 2.8% + Flusilazole 11.5% + Copper oxychloride 33.4% @900 ml/ha also showed synergistic effect with Colby’s synergistic value of 1.11 and 1.08 at 5th and 10th DAT, respectively.
Phytotoxicity observations:
Various Fungicidal compositions of the present invention provided good control of Anthracnose (Colletotrichum capsici) disease of Chilli as compared to the reference products. Further, the use of these Fungicidal compositions resulted in better crop condition i.e. fresh green leaves and didn’t produce any phytotoxic symptoms on the plants. Table 6-8 depicts the phytotoxic effects of the various fungicidal compositions of the present invention on Chilli at 3rd, 5th, 7th and 10th DAT.

Table 6. Evaluation of Phytotoxicity effect of Kasugamycin 1.75% + Flusilazole 6.9% + Copper oxychloride 25.0 % against Anthracnose (Colletotrichum capsici) disease of Chilli.

Treatments Phytotoxicity rating
Yellowing Wilting Necrosis Epinasty Hyponasty
Days After Spray
3 5 7 10 3 5 7 10 3 5 7 10 3 5 7 10 3 5 7 10
T1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
T2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
T3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
T4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
T5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
T6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
T7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Table 7. Evaluation of Phytotoxicity effect of Kasugamycin 2.5% + Flusilazole 9.5 % + Copper oxychloride 28% against Anthracnose (Colletotrichum capsici) disease of Chilli.

Treatments Phytotoxicity rating
Yellowing Wilting Necrosis Epinasty Hyponasty
Days After Spray
3 5 7 10 3 5 7 10 3 5 7 10 3 5 7 10 3 5 7 10
T1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
T2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
T3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
T4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
T5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
T6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
T7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Table 8. Evaluation of Phytotoxicity effect of Kasugamycin 2.8 % + Flusilazole 11.5% + Copper oxychloride 33.4 % against Anthracnose (Colletotrichum capsici) disease of Chilli.

Treatments Phytotoxicity rating
Yellowing Wilting Necrosis Epinasty Hyponasty
Days After Spray
3 5 7 10 3 5 7 10 3 5 7 10 3 5 7 10 3 5 7 10
T1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
T2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
T3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
T4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
T5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
T6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
T7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Conclusion:
After evaluating three formulations (Kasugamycin 1.75% + Flusilazole 6.9% + Copper oxychloride 25 %, Kasugamycin 2.5% + Flusilazole 9.5% + Copper oxychloride 28%, and Kasugamycin 2.8% + Flusilazole 11.5% + Copper oxychloride 33.4 %) at three doses (800 ml/ha, 900 ml/ha, and 1000 ml/ha), Kasugamycin 2.5% + Flusilazole 9.5% + Copper oxychloride 28% @ 900 ml/ha was found most effective against Anthracnose disease of Chilli compared to the tank mix formulation of Kasugamycin 3% SL + Flusilazole 40% EC + Copper oxychloride 50% WP @ 1250+300+2500 g/ml/ha. Kasugamycin 2.5% + Flusilazole 9.5% + Copper oxychloride 28% @900 ml/ha was observed at par with higher formulation, higher dose and higher active ingredient and also showed a strong synergistic effect in controlling the Anthracnose disease of Chilli.
Therefore, application of Kasugamycin 2.5% + Flusilazole 9.5% + Copper oxychloride 28% @900 ml/ha (22.5+85.5+252 gm a.i/ha) formulation can be recommended for effective control of Anthracnose disease of Chilli.

Example 5: Evaluation of Bio-efficacy &Phytotoxicity of Fungicidal Composition and thereof (Kasugamycin + Flusilazole + Copper oxychloride) on Rice against Sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani) disease.
Rice (Oryza sativa) crop is of paramount importance for global food security, nutrition, and livelihoods, playing a vital role in the agricultural economies and cultural heritage of many countries. It occupies about 23.3% of gross cropped area of the country and plays vital role in the national food grain supply. Rice contributes 43% of total food grain production and 46% of the total cereal production of the country. It is the staple food of more than 60% of the world's population especially for most of the people of South-East Asia. Among the rice growing countries in the world, India has the largest area under rice crop and ranks second in production next to China. In India, rice is grown under widely varying conditions of altitude and climate. Therefore, the rice growing seasons vary in different parts of the country, depending upon temperature, rainfall, soil types, water availability and other climatic conditions.
Sheath blight disease of Rice:
Sheath blight caused by Rhizoctoniasolani (Kuhn), the serious fungal disease affecting Rice cropandhave gained the status ofmost significant diseases in all the major high yielding varieties of Rice. Sheath blight is a very destructive disease of rice under favorable weather conditions causing high yield loss. The disease is particularly important in intensive Rice production systems due to high plant density and high rate of application of nitrogenous fertilizers, which favor the disease development. The fungus affects the crop from tillering to heading stage. Initial symptoms are noticed on leaf sheaths near water level. On the leaf sheath oval or elliptical or irregular greenish grey spots are formed. As the spots enlarge, the centre becomes greyish white with an irregular blackish brown or purple brown border. Severe infections can cause the panicle to wither and dry up, leading to significant yield losses.
Field evaluation of the bio-efficacy of fungicidal composition:
The presently disclosed fungicidal (Kasugamycin + Flusilazole + Copper oxychloride) composition was tested for its bio efficacy against Sheath blight (Rhizoctoniasolani) on Rice crop, trial was laid out in a randomized block design consisting of eight treatments including control in three replications.
Measured quantity of the chemical was added to required volume of water @ 500 lit. /ha for foliar spraying. The spray tank was filled with ½ the quantity of clean required volume of water and then the measured chemical (according to the dose) was added followed by the rest half quantity of water added. Knapsack sprayer fitted with boom along with flood jet nozzle was used to apply the fungicidal composition.
The experimental data was statistically analysed by Randomized Block Design (RBD) (One factor analysis) using OPSTAT HAU statistical software. The results are expressed as Mean +SE (standard error) and data was statistically analyses by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), with the level of significance set at p < 0.01.
Evaluation of Bio-efficacy against Sheath blight (Rhizoctonia Solani)in Rice–

Disease rating scale for Sheath blight (Rhizoctonia Solani)in Rice:

0-9 Scale Lesion area (% infected leaf area)
0 No lesions
1 Small, brown, specks of pinhead size
3 Small, roundish to slightly elongated, necrotic, grey spots about 1-2 mm in diameter
5 Typically blast lesion, infecting <10% of the leaf area
7 Typically blast lesion, infecting 26-50% of the leaf area
9 All leaves dead

The per cent disease index (PDI) for Sheath blight (Rhizoctonia Solani)in Rice was calculated according to the following formula:
Sum of all numerical rating
Percent disease index = ×100
Total no. of leaves × Maximum Rating Grade

Table 9. Evaluation of bio-efficacy of Kasugamycin 1.75% + Flusilazole 6.9% + Copper oxychloride 25% against Sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani) disease of Rice
T. No. Treatments Dose/ha
a.i.(g/ml) Formulation
(g/ml)/ha 5 DAT Colby,sValue 10 DAT Colby,sValue
PDI %Control

-
PDI %Control
-
1 Kasugamycin 3 % SL 37.5 1250 28.33
(33.67) 36.57 33.33
(34.30) 38.65
2 Flusilazole 40 % EC 120 300 27.67
(32.98) 38.06 32.33
(33.20) 40.49
3 Copper oxychloride 50% WP 1250 2500 26.00
(31.67) 41.79 30.33
(32.98) 44.17
4 Kasugamycin 3% SL + Flusilazole 40% EC + Copper oxychloride 50% WP 37.5+120+1250 1250+300+2500 8.50
(17.43) 80.97 1.05 9.50
(17.89) 82.52 1.04
5 Kasugamycin 1.75% + Flusilazole 6.9% + Copper oxychloride 25% 14.0+55.2+200 800 15.67
(21.68) 64.93 0.84 17.67
(22.29) 67.48 0.85
6 Kasugamycin 1.75% + Flusilazole 6.9% + Copper oxychloride 25% 15.7+62.1+225 900 13.00
(16.29) 70.90 0.92 15.00
(17.29) 72.39 0.91
7 Kasugamycin 1.75% + Flusilazole 6.9% + Copper oxychloride 25% 20.25+85.5+250 1000 11.67
(17.00) 73.88 0.96 12.83
(18.32) 76.38 0.96
8 Untreated Control - - 44.67
(41.92) - - 54.33
(47.46) - -
CD (5%) - - 1.56 - - 2.98 - -
SE(m) - - 0.54 - - 0.68 - -
Figures in parenthesis are angular transformed values

Results:
Results presented in Table 9 showed that incidence of Sheath blight disease reduced in all the treatments. At 5th and 10th DAT, Tank mix formulation of Kasugamycin 3% SL + Flusilazole 40% EC + Copper oxychloride 50% WP @1250+300+2500 gm/ml/ha was found as the best treatment in reducing the incidence to 80.97 and 82.52 %, respectively followed by Kasugamycin1.75% + Flusilazole 6.9% + Copper oxychloride 25% @1000 ml/ha with 73.88 and 76.38% control, respectively. Kasugamycin 1.75% + Flusilazole 6.9% + Copper oxychloride 25% @900 ml/ha resulted in 70.90 and 72.39% control whereas, Kasugamycin 1.75% + Flusilazole 6.9% + Copper oxychloride 25% @800 ml/ha provided 64.93 and 67.48% control, respectively after 5th and 10th DAT, which were significantly superior in comparison to the solo application of Kasugamycin 3% SL @ 1250 ml/ha, Flusilazole 40% EC @ 300 ml/ha and Copper oxychloride 50% WP @ 2500 gm/ha against Sheath blight (Rhizoctonia Solani)diseaseof Rice. Among the treatments mentioned in Table 3, only tank mix formulation of Kasugamycin 3% SL + Flusilazole 40% EC + Copper oxychloride 50% WP @1250+300+2500 gm/ml/ha showed synergistic effect with Colby’s synergistic value of 1.05 and 1.04 on 5th and 10th DAT, respectively.

Table 10. Evaluation of bio-efficacy of Kasugamycin 2.5% + Flusilazole 9.5% + Copper oxychloride 28 % against Sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani) disease of Rice
T. No. Treatments Dose/ha
a.i.(g/ml)
Formulation
(g/ml)/ha
5 DAT Colby,s Value
10 DAT Colby,s Value

PDI % Control PDI % Control
1 Kasugamycin 3 % SL 37.5 1250 28.67
(32.34) 35.82 - 33.00
(34.68) 39.26 -
2 Flusilazole 40 % EC 120 300 27.17
(32.65) 39.18 32.00
(34.85) 41.10
3 Copper oxychloride 50% WP 1250 2500 26.67
(31.93) 40.30 29.33
(32.29) 46.01
4 Kasugamycin 3% SL + Flusilazole 40% EC + Copper oxychloride 50% WP 37.5+120+ 1250 1250+300+ 2500 8.67
(30.34) 80.60 1.05 9.17
(31.23) 83.13 1.03
5 Kasugamycin 2.5% + Flusilazole 9.5% + Copper oxychloride 28% 20.0+76.0+224 800 13.33
(16.38) 70.15 0.92 14.33
(17.29) 73.62 0.91
6 Kasugamycin 2.5% + Flusilazole 9.5% + Copper oxychloride 28% 22.5+85.5+252 900 7.67
(15.58) 82.84 1.08 8.67
(17.38) 84.05 1.04
7 Kasugamycin 2.5% + Flusilazole 9.5% + Copper oxychloride 28% 25.0+95+280 1000 7.33
(15.49) 83.58 1.09 8.00
(16.93) 85.28 1.06
8 Untreated Control - - 44.67
(41.92) - - 54.33
(47.46) - -
CD (5%) - - 1.29 - - 2.38 - -
SE(m) - - 0.46 - - 0.63 - -
Figures in parenthesis are angular transformed values

Results:
Results presented in Table 10 showed that Kasugamycin 2.5% + Flusilazole 9.5% + Copper oxychloride 28% @1000 g/ml/ha was found most effective with 85.28% control followed by Kasugamycin 2.5% + Flusilazole 9.5% + Copper oxychloride 28% @900 ml/ha with 84.05% control, both of the treatments were found at par with tank mix formulation of Kasugamycin 3% SL + Flusilazole 40% EC + Copper oxychloride 50% WP @ 1250+300+2500g/ml/ha with 83.13% control and Kasugamycin 2.5% + Flusilazole 9.5% + Copper oxychloride 28% @800 ml/ha resulted in 73.62% control after 10th DAT, which were significantly superior in comparison to the solo application of Kasugamycin 3% SL @ 1250 ml/ha, Flusilazole 40% EC @ 300 ml/ha and Copper oxychloride 50% WP @ 2500 gm/ha against Sheath blight (Rhizoctonia Solani) disease of Rice. Among the treatments mentioned in Table 4, Kasugamycin 2.5% + Flusilazole 9.5% + Copper oxychloride 28% @1000 ml/ha, Kasugamycin 2.5% + Flusilazole 9.5% + Copper oxychloride 28% @900 ml/ha and Kasugamycin 3% SL + Flusilazole 40% EC + Copper oxychloride 50% WP @ 1250+300+2500g/ml/ha showed synergistic effect. On 5th and 10th DAT, Colby’s synergistic value of 1.08 and 1.04 was calculated for Kasugamycin 2.5% + Flusilazole 9.5% + Copper oxychloride 28 % @900 ml/ha.

Table 11. Evaluation of bio-efficacy of Kasugamycin 2.8% + Flusilazole 11.5% + Copper oxychloride 33.4 % against Sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani) disease of Rice
T. No. Treatments Dose/ha
a.i.(gm)
Formulation
(g/ml)/ha
5 DAT Colby,s Value 10 DAT Colby,s Value
PDI % Control
-

PDI % Control
-


1 Kasugamycin 3 % SL 37.5 1250 28.50
(32.25) 36.19 32.33
(34.64) 40.49
2 Flusilazole 40 % EC 120 300 27.00
(31.29) 39.55 31.33
(34.02) 42.33
3 Copper oxychloride 50% WP 1250 2500 26.33
(30.84) 41.04 29.67
(32.98) 45.40
4 Kasugamycin 3% SL + Flusilazole 40% EC + Copper oxychloride 50% WP 37.5+120+1250 1250+300+ 2500 8.33
(16.76) 81.34 1.05 9.00
(17.43) 83.44 1.02
5 Kasugamycin 2.8% + Flusilazole 11.5% + Copper oxychloride 33.4% 22.4+92+267.2 800 12.00
(20.24) 73.13 0.94 13.00
(21.11) 76.07 0.93
6 Kasugamycin 2.8% + Flusilazole 11.5% + Copper oxychloride 33.4% 25.2+103.5+ 300.6 900 7.33
(15.69) 83.58 1.08 8.00
(16.29) 85.28 1.04
7 Kasugamycin 2.8% + Flusilazole 11.5% + Copper oxychloride 33.4% 28+115+334 1000 7.00
(15.31) 84.33 1.09 7.33
(15.69) 86.50 1.06
8 Untreated Control - - 44.67
(41.92) - - 54.33
(47.46) - -
CD (5%) - - 1.39 - - 2.10 - -
SE(m) - - 0.45 - - 0.68 - -
Figures in parenthesis are angular transformed values

Results:
Results presented in Table 11 showed that Kasugamycin 2.8 % + Flusilazole 11.5% + Copper oxychloride 33.4 % @1000 ml/ha was found most effective with 86.50% control followed by Kasugamycin 2.8 % + Flusilazole 11.5% + Copper oxychloride 33.4 % @900 ml/ha found effective with 85.28% control, both of the treatments were found at par with tank mix formulation of Kasugamycin 3% SL + Flusilazole 40% EC + Copper oxychloride 50% WP @ 1250+300+2500g/ml/ha with 83.44% control and Kasugamycin 2.8 % + Flusilazole 11.5% + Copper oxychloride 33.4 % @800 ml/ha resulted in 76.07% control after 10th DAT, which were significantly superior in comparison to the solo application of Kasugamycin 3% SL @ 1250 ml/ha, Flusilazole 40% EC @ 300 ml/ha and Copper oxychloride 50% WP @ 2500 gm/ha against Sheath blight (Rhizoctonia Solani)disease of Rice. Kasugamycin 2.8 % + Flusilazole 11.5% + Copper oxychloride 33.4% @900 ml/ha also showed synergistic effect with Colby’s synergistic value of 1.08 and 1.04 at 5th and 10th DAT, respectively.
Phytotoxicity observations
Table 12: Evaluation of Phytotoxicity effect of Kasugamycin 1.75% + Flusilazole 6.9% + Copper oxychloride 25% against Sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani) disease of Rice.
Treatments Phytotoxicity rating
Yellowing Wilting Necrosis Epinasty Hyponasty
Days After Spray
3 5 7 10 3 5 7 10 3 5 7 10 3 5 7 10 3 5 7 10
T1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
T2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
T3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
T4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
T5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
T6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
T7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Table 13. Evaluation of Phytotoxicity effect of Kasugamycin 2.5% + Flusilazole 9.5% + Copper oxychloride 28 % against Sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani) disease of Rice.
Treatments Phytotoxicity rating
Yellowing Wilting Necrosis Epinasty Hyponasty
Days After Spray
3 5 7 10 3 5 7 10 3 5 7 10 3 5 7 10 3 5 7 10
T1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
T2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
T3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
T4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
T5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
T6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
T7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Table 14. Evaluation of Phytotoxicity effect of Kasugamycin 2.8% + Flusilazole 11.5% + Copper oxychloride 33.4% against Sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani) disease of Rice.
Treatments Phytotoxicity rating
Yellowing Wilting Necrosis Epinasty Hyponasty
Days After Spray
3 5 7 10 3 5 7 10 3 5 7 10 3 5 7 10 3 5 7 10
T1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
T2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
T3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
T4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
T5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
T6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
T7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Conclusion:
After evaluating three formulations (Kasugamycin 1.75% + Flusilazole 6.9% + Copper oxychloride 25%, Kasugamycin 2.5% + Flusilazole 9.5% + Copper oxychloride 28 %, and Kasugamycin 2.8% + Flusilazole 11.5% + Copper oxychloride 33.4 %) at three doses (800 ml/ha, 900 ml/ha, and 1000 ml/ha), Kasugamycin 2.5% + Flusilazole 9.5% + Copper oxychloride 28% @ 900 ml/ha was found most effective against Sheath blight disease of rice compared to the tank mix formulation of Kasugamycin 3% SL + Flusilazole 40% EC + Copper oxychloride 50% WP @ 1250+300+2500g/ml/ha. Kasugamycin 2.5% + Flusilazole 9.5% + Copper oxychloride 28% @900 ml/ha was observed at par with higher formulation, higher dose and higher active ingredient and also showed a strong synergistic effect in controlling the Sheath blight disease of Rice. Therefore, application of Kasugamycin 2.5% + Flusilazole 9.5% + Copper oxychloride 28% @900 ml/ha (22.5+85.5+252 gm a.i/ha) formulation can be recommended for effective control of Sheath blight disease of Rice.
, Claims:
1. A Synergistic Fungicidal composition comprising of
a) Kasugamycin or its agrochemically acceptable salts in the range of 0.1-30% by weight of the formulation; and
b) Flusilazole or its agrochemically acceptable salts in the range of 0.1-30% by weight of the formulation; and
c) Copper oxychloride or its agrochemically acceptable salts in the range of 0.1-50% by weight of the formulation; and
d) One or more of agrochemically acceptable adjuvants.

2.The Fungicidal composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said composition is formulated as a wettable powder (WP), a water dispersible granule (WDG), a water dispersible powder, a water dispersible tablet (WT), a suspension concentrate (SC), an ultra-low volume (ULV) liquid, an ultralow volume (ULV) suspension (SU), a water soluble granule (SG), an emulsifiable granule (EG), an emulsifiable powder (EP), a dispersible concentrate (DC), an oil-in water emulsion (EW),seed treatments FS an emulsifiable concentrate (EC), a micro-emulsion (ME), an oil dispersion (OD), a capsule suspension (CS), a dustable powder (DP) or an aerosol.

3. The fungicidal composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said composition further comprises of agriculturally acceptable formulation additives is selected from the group comprising of surfactant(s), pH adjuster(s), thickener(s), Inert carrier(s) ,Rheology modifier(s), wetting agent(s), dispersing agent(s), Super-Wetting-spreading-penetrating agent(s), antifreezing agent(s), defoamer(s), solvents(s), or a combination thereof.

4. The fungicidal composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dispersing agent is selected from the group comprising naphthalene formaldehyde condensates, acrylic copolymer, nonionic proprietary surfactant blend, polycarboxylates, calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, polystyrenated acrylated co-polymer, salts of phenol sulfonic acids, random co-polymer of alcoxylated polyethylene glycol or mixtures thereof.

5. The fungicidal composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wetting agent is selected from the group comprising sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, alpha olefin sulfonates, disodium laureth sulfosuccinate, diisodecyl sodium sulfosuccinate, alkyl sulfosuccinic monoesters, dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt or mixtures thereof.

6 The fungicidal composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the Wetting cum dispersing agent is selected from the group comprising of, but not limited to non-ionic proprietary surfactant blend alkylphenol ethoxylates or polyoxyethylene sorbitan esters, Tergitol ECO-36, lignosulfonates, sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonate condensates, tristyrylphenol ethoxylates.

7. The fungicidal composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein Super-Wetting-spreading-penetrating agent is blend of methylated seed oil-organic silicone compound may be selected from methylated seed oil-polyalkyleneoxide modified trisiloxane, methylated seed oil-polyalkyleneoxide modified polydimethylsiloxane, methylated seed oil-20 trisiloxane ethoxylate, Polyalkyleneoxide modified heptamethyltrisiloxane methylated seed oil-polyoxyethylene methyl polysiloxane, methylated seed oil-polyether polymethyl siloxane copolymer, methylated seed oil-polyether modified polysiloxane or a combination thereof.

8. The fungicidal composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the antifoaming agent is selected from the group comprising perfluroalkylphosphonic acids, polydimethylsiloxane, Atlox 3772, polydimethylsiloxane emulsion a combination thereof.

9. The fungicidal composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein pH stabilizer is selected from the group comprising of sodium or potassium carbonate, sodium or potassium hydrogen carbonate, sodium or potassium dihydrogenphosphate, disodium or dipotassium hydrogenphosphate, citric acid, malic acid and triethanolamine, or a combination thereof.

10. The fungicidal composition in claim 1, wherein the solvent is selected from the group comprising of Demineralized (DM) water, N-alkyl-pyrrolidone, oil medium selected from the group comprising, esterified fatty acids selected from methyl ester of triglycerides containing C12–C22 saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, ethyl ester of triglycerides containing C12 –C22 saturated and unsaturated fatty acids such as methyl soyate, ethyl soyate, rapeseed methyl ester, rapeseed ethyl ester or a combination thereof .

11. The fungicidal composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the Thickening agent is selected from the group comprising Hydrophobic fumed silica Polysaccharides/carboxymethyl cellulose/Bentonite Clay or Organic derivative of hectorite clay or a combination thereof.

12. The fungicidal composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the antifreezing agent is selected from the group comprising ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, propane-1,2,3-triol, urea or a combination thereof.

13.The fungicidal composition as claimed in claim 1,wherein suitable pH stabilizer is selected from the group comprising of sodium or potassium carbonate, sodium or potassium hydrogen carbonate, sodium or potassium dihydrogenphosphate, disodium or dipotassium hydrogenphosphate, citric acid, malic acid and triethanolamine, or a combination thereof.

14. The fungicidal composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rheology modifier is selected from the group comprising precipitated silica, modified fumed silica, bentonite, hydroxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, xanthan gum, thickening silica, hydrated clay minerals, magnesium aluminium silicates, organic derivative of hectorite clay, hydrophobic fumed silica, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) or a combination thereof.

15. The fungicidal composition as claimed in claim 1,wherein the biocide is selected from the group comprising 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one, formaldehyde, dipropyl glycol solution of 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one or a combination thereof.

16. A process for preparing the fungicidal composition of claim 1, comprising mixing the Kasugamycin, Flusilazole and Copper oxychloride with agriculturally acceptable formulation additives.