Description:FIELD
The present disclosure relates to a method of measuring concentration of components of exhaust gas mixture.
BACKGROUND
The background information herein below relates to the present disclosure but is not necessarily prior art.
Conventional methods and apparatuses used for measuring concentration of components of a flue gas mixture are prone to condensation. More particularly, the flue gas mixture received by the conventional apparatuses has a significant amount of moisture in liquid form. This moisture in liquid form is detrimental to the operation of a probe of the apparatus. This is because moisture in liquid form clogs the probe posing difficulties in receiving the flue gas mixture therethrough. Moreover, the moisture in liquid form creates acidic environment inside a measurement chamber of the apparatus, where the flue gas mixture is sensed and analysed by infrared technique. The formation of acidic environment further increases maintenance cost of the apparatus. It has been further observed that in certain cases, the maintenance is so high that the conventional apparatus needs to be frequently shut down for servicing. Still further, the temperature of the flue gas mixture needs to be continuously monitored. This is necessary as a correction is applied to the calculated concentration values of the flue gas mixture, which is dependent on the temperature of the flue gas mixture measured.
It is therefore felt a need for a method of measuring concentration of components of exhaust gas mixture that alleviates the aforementioned drawback.
OBJECTS
Some of the objects of the present disclosure, which at least one embodiment herein satisfies, are as follows:
An object of the present disclosure is to provide a method of measuring concentration of components of exhaust gas mixture that prevents formation of condensate in the measurement chamber of the apparatus.
Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a method of measuring concentration of components of exhaust gas mixture which is capable of handling flue gas mixture having temperature below dew point temperature.
Still another object of the present disclosure is to provide a method of measuring concentration of components of exhaust gas mixture which offers increased accuracy in the measurement of the concentration of the flue gas mixture.
Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide a method of measuring concentration of components of exhaust gas mixture which prevents damage to the apparatus.
Other objects and advantages of the present disclosure will be more apparent from the following description, which is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.
SUMMARY
The present disclosure discloses a method of measuring concentration of at least a component of an exhaust gas mixture containing moisture, the method comprising the steps of:
- drawing a sample of the exhaust gas mixture containing water vapour, moisture in liquid form and particulate matter in addition to gas molecules, emitted from a duct;
- filtering the sample to separate particulate matter from the sample by a filter;
- leading the filtered sample through a first heat exchanger to vaporise moisture in liquid form contained in the filtered sample;
- leading the filtered and heated sample to a measurement chamber;
- during leading in measurement chamber, reheating the drawn sample to eliminate any condensed vapour from the filtered drawn sample by a second heat exchanger;
- leading the sample after analysis and measurement back to the duct.
In a preferred embodiment, the temperature of the sample of exhaust gas received by the first heat exchanger is in the range of degrees Celsius and degrees Celsius.
In a preferred embodiment, the method includes the step of purging the filter by using a purged air flow in a direction opposite to the direction of the sample.
In a preferred embodiment, the filtered sample from the first heat exchanger is introduced in the measurement chamber with the help of an arrangement that produces negative pressure.
In a preferred embodiment, the method includes an initial step of calibrating the measurement chamber with the help of an externally introduced gas.
In a preferred embodiment, the analysis and measurement of concentration of the sample exhaust gas mixture is performed with the help of an infrared beam means configured to emit and reflected through the measurement chamber.
The present disclosure further discloses an apparatus for measuring concentration of at least a component of a sample of the exhaust gas mixture containing water vapour, moisture in liquid form and particulate matter in addition to gas molecules emitted from a duct. The apparatus includes an inlet conduit, a filter, a first heat exchanger, a measurement chamber, a second heat exchanger and an outlet conduit. The inlet conduit is configured to draw a sample of the exhaust gas mixture containing water vapour, moisture in liquid form and particulate matter in addition to gas molecules, emitted from the duct. The filter configured to receive the sample of the exhaust gas mixture, and further configured to separate particulate matter from the sample. The first heat exchanger is configured to receive the filtered sample from the filter, and further configured to vaporise moisture in liquid form contained in the filtered sample by supplying heat thereto. The measurement chamber is configured to receive the filtered and heated sample from the first heat exchanger for gas analysis and measurement. The second heat exchanger is configured to be attached on an operative inner side of the measurement chamber, and further configured to reheat the drawn sample to eliminate any condensed vapour from the filtered and heated drawn sample. The outlet conduit is configured to receive the sample from the measurement chamber, and further configured to transport the sample back into the duct.
In a preferred embodiment, the filter is configured to remove debris particles having a size greater than microns.
In a preferred embodiment, the apparatus includes an ejector configured to be fluid communication with the outlet conduit, and further configured to expel the sample of exhaust gas mixture back to the duct.
In a preferred embodiment, a purge valve is configured to be in fluid communication with the filter and the inlet conduit to supply high pressure air for cleaning the filter and the inlet conduit.
In a preferred embodiment, the apparatus includes a calibrating valve and a span gas valve configured in fluid communication with the measurement chamber to pass a metered amount of the exhaust gas mixture.
In a preferred embodiment, the apparatus includes an infrared beam means to perform analysis and measurement of concentration of the sample exhaust gas mixture. The infrared beams means is configured to emit and reflected infrared radiations through the measurement chamber.
In a preferred embodiment, the infrared beam means and the inlet conduit are configured in fluid communication with a sample isolation valve to restrict the sample of exhaust gas mixture being supplied to the measurement chamber, when the apparatus is not in use.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWING
A method of measuring concentration of components of exhaust gas mixture, of the present disclosure, will now be described with the help of the accompanying drawing, in which:
Figure 1 shows an isometric view of the apparatus, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
Figure 2 shows a schematic view of the apparatus of Figure 1; and
Figure 3 shows a side view of the infrared beams means of Figure 1.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS
10 jacket
12 enclosure
14 inlet conduit
15 outlet conduit
16 second heat exchanger
18 probe
19 flanged connection
20 gas sample handling unit
21 duct flange
22 filter
24 first heat exchanger
26 purge valve
28 sample isolation valve
30 sensing head
32 calibrating valve
33 motive air valve
34 ejector
36 span gas valve
50 duct
60 infrared beam means
62 diffuser with stainless steel sintered filters
64 mirror
66 measurement chamber
100 apparatus
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Embodiments, of the present disclosure, will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Embodiments are provided so as to thoroughly and fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to the person skilled in the art. Numerous details are set forth, relating to specific components, and methods, to provide a complete understanding of embodiments of the present disclosure. It will be apparent to the person skilled in the art that the details provided in the embodiments should not be construed to limit the scope of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, well-known processes, well-known apparatus structures, and well-known techniques are not described in detail.
The terminology used, in the present disclosure, is only for the purpose of explaining a particular embodiment and such terminology shall not be considered to limit the scope of the present disclosure. As used in the present disclosure, the forms "a,” "an," and "the" may be intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly suggests otherwise. The terms "comprises," "comprising," “including,” and “having,” are open ended transitional phrases and therefore specify the presence of stated features, operations, elements, modules, units and/or components, but do not forbid the presence or addition of one or more other features, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
When an element is referred to as being "mounted on," “engaged to,” "connected to," or "coupled to" another element, it may be directly on, engaged, connected or coupled to the other element. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed elements.
Terms such as “inner,” “outer,” "beneath," "below," "lower," "above," "upper," and the like, may be used in the present disclosure to describe relationships between different elements as depicted from the figures.
Referring to figures 1-4, a method of measuring concentration of at least a component of an exhaust gas mixture containing moisture will now be described. The method comprises the steps of:
- drawing a sample of the exhaust gas mixture containing water vapour, moisture in liquid form and particulate matter in addition to gas molecules, emitted from a duct 50;
- filtering the sample to separate particulate matter from the sample by a filter 22;
- leading the filtered sample through a first heat exchanger 24 to vaporise moisture in liquid form contained in the filtered sample;
- leading the filtered and heated sample to a measurement chamber 66;
- during leading in measurement chamber 66, reheating the drawn sample to eliminate any condensed vapour from the filtered drawn sample by a second heat exchanger 16;
- leading the sample after analysis and measurement back to the duct 50.
The temperature of the sample of exhaust gas received by the first heat exchanger 22 is in the range of 60 degrees Celsius and 100 degrees Celsius.
The method further includes the step of purging the filter 22 by using a purged air flow in a direction opposite to the direction of the sample. The purge valve 26 is configured to ensure that the inlet conduit 14 is intermittently purged to avoid clogging therein due to dust and water present in the flue gases. The purging operation is carried out during calibration of the analyzer unit 30 when the inlet conduit 14 is isolated with the help of a sample isolation valve 28. The sample isolation valve 28 restricts the gas being supplied to the measurement chamber 66 for measurement. The sample isolation valve 28 facilitates keeping the filter 22 clean for a longer period of time, thereby avoiding any long duration shut-offs of the apparatus 100.
The filtered sample from the first heat exchanger 22 is introduced in the measurement chamber 66 with the help of an arrangement that produces negative pressure.
The method includes an initial step of calibrating the measurement chamber 66 with the help of an externally introduced gas.
The method includes analysis and measurement of concentration of the sample exhaust gas mixture being performed with the help of an infrared beam means 60 configured to emit and reflected through the measurement chamber 66.
Referring to figures 1-4 an apparatus 1000 for measuring concentration of at least a component of a sample of the exhaust gas mixture containing water vapour, moisture in liquid form and particulate matter in addition to gas molecules emitted from the duct 50 will now be described. The temperature of the sample of the exhaust gas mixture is below dew point temperature. The apparatus 1000 comprises the inlet conduit 14, the filter 22, the first heat exchanger 24, the measurement chamber 66, the second heat exchanger 16 and the outlet conduit 15.
In an embodiment, an enclosure 12 encloses the inlet conduit 14, the second heat exchanger 24, the measurement chamber 66, the outlet conduit 15. More specifically, the enclosure 12 is configured to be attached to the duct 50. The enclosure 12 is a cylindrical body having a cavity configured therein, as shown in figures 2. A jacket 10 is provided to insulate the measurement chamber 66, thereby preventing any possibility of condensation of moisture. A gas sampling handling unit 20 facilitates housing of the filter 22 and the first heat exchanger 24 in a single space. A flanged connection 19 facilitates mounting of the enclosure 12 onto a duct flange 21 which is integral to the duct 50. The volume of the measurement chamber 66 is 17 liters.
The inlet conduit 14 is configured to draw a sample of the exhaust gas mixture containing water vapour, moisture in liquid form and particulate matter in addition to gas molecules, emitted from the duct 50. Presence of moisture in liquid form in the exhaust gas mixture is a result of a flue-gas-desulphurisation FGD process which is carried out to separate harmful SOx and NOx emissions. During the flue-gas-desulphurisation FGD process water in spray form is mixed with the exhaust gas mixture to separate the harmful SOx and NOx emissions.
The filter 22 is configured to receive the sample of the exhaust gas mixture from the inlet conduit 14. The filter 22 is further configured to separate particulate matter from the sample of the exhaust gas mixture. In an embodiment, particulate matter having size greater than 20 microns is removed from the exhaust gas mixture.
The first heat exchanger 24 is configured to receive the filtered sample from the filter 22. The first heat exchanger 24 is further configured to vaporise moisture in liquid form contained in the filtered sample by supplying heat thereto. The first heat exchanger 24 facilitates vaporising the moisture in liquid form contained in the flue gas mixture even when the temperature of the flue gas mixture is below dew point temperature. Thus, the apparatus 100 is able to handle flue gas mixture at a temperature below dew point temperature.
The measurement chamber 66 is configured to receive the filtered and heated sample from the first heat exchanger 24 for gas analysis and measurement. The measurement chamber 66 is configured with a probe 18 to receive the filtered and heated sample of the exhaust gas mixture from the first heat exchanger 24. The probe 18 is provided with a diffuser 62 with stainless steel sintered filters. The diffuser 62 is in the form of openings through which the filtered and heated sample is let in.
The second heat exchanger 16 is configured to be attached on an operative inner side of the measurement chamber 66. The second heat exchanger 16 is further configured to reheat the drawn sample to eliminate any condensed vapour from the filtered and heated drawn sample. This eliminates moisture in liquid form.
The outlet conduit 15 is configured to receive the sample from the measurement chamber 66. The outlet conduit 15 is further configured to transport the sample back into the duct 50. This completes the measurement process.
In an embodiment, the filter 22 is configured to remove debris particles having a size greater than 20 microns.
The apparatus 1000 further includes an ejector 34 configured to be fluid communication with the outlet conduit 15. The ejector 34 is further configured to expel the sample of exhaust gas mixture back to the duct 50. In an embodiment, the ejector 34 is in the form of a blower that facilitates evacuation of the exhaust gas mixture sample from the measurement chamber 66. A motive air valve 33 is in fluid communication with the ejector 34 to supply pressurised air to the ejector 34. The ejector 34 forms a part of an arrangement that produces a negative pressure in the measurement chamber 66. Thus, pressure difference is created between the inlet conduit 14 and the outlet conduit 15.
The apparatus 1000 further includes a purge valve 26 is configured to be in fluid communication with the filter 22 and the inlet conduit 14 to supply high pressure air for cleaning the filter 22 and the inlet conduit 14. To prevent blockage of the stainless steel sintered filters fitted on the diffuser 62, it is important to ensure that condensation is not allowed to develop thereon. Dust particles cannot pass through the stainless steel sintered filters ensuring that the flue gas mixture is always clean and the sensitive optical components within the infrared beam means 60 do not become contaminated with dust and dirt. Because the flue gas molecule transfer mechanism is natural diffusion and not suction, the pores of the filter elements do not become blocked with dust. This probe will operate quite normally in dust loadings of several gr/m3. What is more is that the probe 18 requires no routine maintenance, even in high dust conditions. Further, the probe 18 is not suitable for use in wet scrubbing applications when liquid water droplets are present in the sample of the flue gas mixture. It is also important to protect the probe 18 during the initial start-up of the combustion system when hot combustion gases come into contact with a cold probe. Until the probe 18 temperature increases beyond the dew point temperature of the sample of flue gas mixture, condensate formation and deposition is likely on the probe 18, resulting in blocked stainless steel sintered filters fitted on the diffuser 62. The purge valve 26 provides a simple but effective defence mechanism to prevent this blockage due to condensation. When the flue gas temperature drops below a set temperature (typically 100 degrees Celsius), indicative of a boiler shut-down condition, the purge valve 26 is configured to pass compressed air to the measurement chamber 66, thereby preventing build-up of condensate on the stainless steel sintered filters fitted on the diffuser 62. The compressed air for purging operation is applied until the temperature of the probe 18 increases above the set temperature value (i.e. above dew point temperature of the sample exhaust gas mixture) on the recommencement of boiler operation.
The apparatus 1000 further includes a calibrating valve 32 and a span gas valve 36 configured in fluid communication with the measurement chamber 66 to pass a metered amount of the exhaust gas mixture during the measurement process.
The apparatus further includes an infrared beam means 60 to perform analysis and measurement of concentration of the sample exhaust gas mixture. The infrared beam means 60 is configured to emit and reflect infrared radiations through the measurement chamber 66. The infrared beam means 60 and the inlet conduit 14 are configured in fluid communication with a sample isolation valve 28 to restrict the sample of exhaust gas mixture being supplied to the measurement chamber 66, when the apparatus 1000 is not in use. The infrared beam means 60 includes an interface panel 30 to receive inputs from an operator. A control module is configured to communicate with the interface panel, and further configured to control operation of all the components of the apparatus 100. In one embodiment, the interface panel is a human machine interface panel HMI panel.
The infrared beam means 60 includes a small thermal source. The infrared beam means 60 use a broadband lamp source and an optical filter to select a narrow band spectral region that overlaps with the absorption region of the sample of the flue gas mixture of interest. Measurements are made using NDIR (Non-Dispersive InfraRed) technology. A beam of infrared energy is transmitted down the probe 18 from the sensing head 30 to a mirror 64 at the end of the measurement chamber 66, from where it is reflected back to the sensing head where it is spectro-analysed to determine the concentration of the components of the flue gas mixture.
The infrared beam means 60 includes a sensing head 30 housed in the interface panel. The bandwidth is in the range of 50-300 nm. Radiation from this broadband lamp source is focused by a lens onto a mirror 64 mounted at the end of the measurement chamber 66. The reflected beam is focused by a second lens in the sensing head 30 onto a highly sensitive infrared detector. Immediately in front of the detector is a gas wheel that holds a number of optical filters and gas cells designed to isolate specific infrared wavebands required for the measurement of the defined gas species. This wheel is rotated by a stepper motor at a constant speed of 1Hz. As each filter sweeps through the infrared beam, the on-board processor digitises the detector output to produce a detector value ‘D’.
The number and types of optical filter used depends upon the gas components being measured. However, each gas component is characterised by two detector measurements one of which is a live or measurement channel uniquely sensitive to the flue gas mixture being measured (D measure); the other is a reference measurement at a waveband insensitive to the measured flue gas mixture (D reference). From these two values, specific to each gas component, the concentrations thereof can be calculated.
The detector is a lead selenide photoconductive element. To achieve the sensitivity required for accurate flue gas mixture concentration analysis, the photoconductive element must be cooled to a temperature of -25 degrees Celsius. This is achieved by an encapsulated thermoelectric Peltier cooler with an integral thermistor to monitor the photoconductive element temperature. The on-board processor continuously monitors the thermistor temperature and regulates the power to a Peltier cooler to achieve the required stable temperature.
The apparatus 100 further includes a thermocouple mounted on the probe 18 for measuring the temperature thereof. The temperature of the probe 18 is continuously monitored by an on-board processor. The density of the sample of the flue gas mixture and the infrared absorption spectra of the sample of the flue gas mixture are both influenced by the temperature of the sample of the flue gas mixture. For an accurate determination of the gas concentration, it is essential to know precisely the value of the temperature of the sample of the flue gas mixture continuously. Thus, the thermocouple mounted on the probe 18 facilitates continuous sensing of temperature thereof. As the temperature of the flue gas mixture varies, the concentration of the gas mixture varies accordingly. A compensation has to be applied to the calculated values of the concentration of the flue gas mixture, as the temperature of the flue gas mixture varies. The variation in temperature of the flue gas mixture has effect on the calculated concentration values of the flue gas mixture. As accurate amount of compensation is necessary, continuous measurement of temperature of the flue gas mixture is necessary.
In an embodiment, the components of the apparatus 100 are applied with a coat that facilitates reduction in the number of instances of maintenance operations.
The apparatus 100 of the present disclosure, can be provided in applications such as power plants, textile industries, fertilizer chimneys or stacks where flue gas desulfurization or water spray is used to remove the dust as well to reduce or control Gaseous Oxides of Sulphur SOx emissions from the flue gases. The desulphurization treatment causes decrease in flue gas temperature below the flue gas dew point temperature. The first heat exchanger 24 and the second heat exchanger 16 facilitate vaporization of moisture in liquid form, thereby eliminating possibility of creation of an acidic environment in the measurement chamber 66. This further prevents frequent maintenance operations. The apparatus 100 is closely coupled to the duct 50, thereby reducing the amount of piping. Additionally, the apparatus 100 facilitates continuous emission monitoring and measurement of the concentration of the desired gas components of the flue gases emanating from the duct.
Below Table 1 shows a comparison of the capabilities of the conventional apparatus and the apparatus of the present disclosure.
Conventional apparatus Present disclosure apparatus
Measurement range 0-3000 ppm for CO, NO 0-500 ppm for CO, NO, SO2
6000 ppm for SO2
0 – 25 percent for H2O 0 – 25 percent for H2O
0 – 25 percent for CO2 0 – 25 percent for CO2
Flue gas Temperature 300 degrees Celsius for standard probe Below dew point
400 degrees Celsius for high-temperature probe
Maximum Dust Loading Upto 400mg – No Shield
Above 400 mg – Optional Shield
Table 1
Below Table 2 shows pressures and corresponding flowrates of the air supplied by the ejector 34 to evacuate the sample of flue gas mixture from the apparatus 100. This positive pressure at the outlet conduit 15 creates a negative pressure at the inlet conduit 14.
Pressure in PSI Flowrate in Litres Per Minute
10 3
15 4
20 6
25 7.5
30 8
Table 2
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for purposes of illustration and not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Individual components of a particular embodiment are generally not limited to that particular embodiment, but, are interchangeable. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the present disclosure, and all such modifications are considered to be within the scope of the present disclosure.

TECHNICAL ADVANCEMENT
The present disclosure described hereinabove has several technical advantages including, but not limited to, the realization of an apparatus for measuring concentration of gases below dew point, that:
? is compact;
? is not affected by moisture in exhausted gas;
? reduces the carbon footprint;
? offers continuous emission monitoring and measurement of flue gases;
? can be self-cleaned using pressured air to prevent blockage in the conduits, tubes and filters; and
? requires relatively lower maintenance and eliminates the shut-down of the apparatus.
The foregoing disclosure has been described with reference to the accompanying embodiments which do not limit the scope and ambit of the disclosure. The description provided is purely by way of example and illustration.
The embodiments herein and the various features and advantageous details thereof are explained with reference to the non-limiting embodiments in the following description. Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the embodiments herein. The examples used herein are intended merely to facilitate an understanding of ways in which the embodiments herein may be practiced and to further enable those of skill in the art to practice the embodiments herein. Accordingly, the examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the embodiments herein.
The foregoing description of the specific embodiments so fully reveal the general nature of the embodiments herein that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily modify and/or adapt for various applications such specific embodiments without departing from the generic concept, and, therefore, such adaptations and modifications should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments. It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. Therefore, while the embodiments herein have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments herein can be practiced with modification within the spirit and scope of the embodiments as described herein.
Any discussion of materials, devices, articles or the like that has been included in this specification is solely for the purpose of providing a context for the disclosure. It is not to be taken as an admission that any or all of these matters form a part of the prior art base or were common general knowledge in the field relevant to the disclosure as it existed anywhere before the priority date of this application.
While considerable emphasis has been placed herein on the components and component parts of the preferred embodiments, it will be appreciated that many embodiments can be made and that many changes can be made in the preferred embodiments without departing from the principles of the disclosure. These and other changes in the preferred embodiment as well as other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein, whereby it is to be distinctly understood that the foregoing descriptive matter is to be interpreted merely as illustrative of the disclosure and not as a limitation. , Claims:WE CLAIM:
1. A method of measuring concentration of at least a component of an exhaust gas mixture containing moisture, said method comprising the steps of:
- drawing a sample of the exhaust gas mixture containing water vapour, moisture in liquid form and particulate matter in addition to gas molecules, emitted from a duct (50);
- filtering said sample to separate particulate matter from said sample by a filter (22);
- leading said filtered sample through a first heat exchanger (24) to vaporise moisture in liquid form contained in the filtered sample;
- leading the filtered and heated sample to a measurement chamber (66);
- during leading in measurement chamber (66), reheating said drawn sample to eliminate any condensed vapour from the filtered drawn sample by a second heat exchanger (16);
- leading said sample after analysis and measurement back to the duct (50).
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the sample of exhaust gas received by said first heat exchanger (22) is in the range of 60 degrees Celsius and 100 degrees Celsius.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1 includes the step of purging said filter (22) by using a purged air flow in a direction opposite to the direction of said sample.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said filtered sample from said first heat exchanger (22) is introduced in said measurement chamber (66) with the help of an arrangement that produces negative pressure.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1 includes an initial step of calibrating said measurement chamber (66) with the help of an externally introduced gas.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein analysis and measurement of concentration of said sample exhaust gas mixture is performed with the help of an infrared beam means (60) configured to emit and reflected through said measurement chamber (66).
7. An apparatus (1000) for measuring concentration of at least a component of a sample of the exhaust gas mixture containing water vapour, moisture in liquid form and particulate matter in addition to gas molecules emitted from a duct (50), said apparatus (1000) comprising:
o an inlet conduit (14) configured to draw a sample of the exhaust gas mixture containing water vapour, moisture in liquid form and particulate matter in addition to gas molecules, emitted from the duct (50);
o a filter (22) configured to receive the sample of the exhaust gas mixture, and further configured to separate particulate matter from the sample;
o a first heat exchanger (24) configured to receive the filtered sample from said filter (22), and further configured to vaporise moisture in liquid form contained in the filtered sample by supplying heat thereto;
o a measurement chamber (66) configured to receive the filtered and heated sample from said first heat exchanger (24) for gas analysis and measurement;
o a second heat exchanger (16) configured to be attached on an operative inner side of said measurement chamber (66), and further configured to reheat said drawn sample to eliminate any condensed vapour from the filtered and heated drawn sample; and
o an outlet conduit (15) configured to receive the sample from said measurement chamber (66), and further configured to transport the sample back into the duct (50).
8. The apparatus (1000) as claimed in claim 7, wherein said filter (22) is configured to remove debris particles having a size greater than 20 microns.
9. The apparatus (1000) as claimed in claim 7, wherein said apparatus (1000) includes an ejector (34) configured to be fluid communication with said outlet conduit (15), and further configured to expel the sample of exhaust gas mixture back to the duct (50).
10. The apparatus (1000) as claimed in claim 7, wherein a purge valve (26) is configured to be in fluid communication with said filter (22) and said inlet conduit (14) to supply high pressure air for cleaning said filter (22) and said inlet conduit (14).
11. The apparatus (1000) as claimed in claim 7, wherein said apparatus (1000) includes a calibrating valve (32) and a span gas valve (36) configured in fluid communication with said measurement chamber (66) to pass a metered amount of the exhaust gas mixture.
12. The apparatus as claimed in claim 7, including an infrared beam means (60) to perform analysis and measurement of concentration of said sample exhaust gas mixture, the infrared beams means (60) configured to emit and reflected infrared radiations through said measurement chamber (66).
13. The apparatus (1000) as claimed in claim 7, wherein said infrared beam means (60) and said inlet conduit (14) are configured in fluid communication with a sample isolation valve (28) to restrict the sample of exhaust gas mixture being supplied to said measurement chamber (66), when said apparatus (1000) is not in use.
Dated this 19th day of January, 2024

_______________________________
MOHAN RAJKUMAR DEWAN, IN/PA – 25
of R.K. DEWAN & CO.
Authorized Agent of Applicant
TO,
THE CONTROLLER OF PATENTS
THE PATENT OFFICE, AT MUMBAI