DESC:TECHNICAL FIELD
[001] The present disclosure relates to a system and a method for data conversion and transmission, and more particularly, the present disclosure relates to a data transmission and compression mechanism and a method thereof.

BACKGROUND
[002] In the realm of industrial automation, the Internet of Things (IoT) based systems play a vital role by seamlessly exchanging data over the Internet. The IoT-based systems widely deploy protocols such as Modbus, or Controller Area Network (CAN) that aid in communication of the data from the sensors to the edge device and conversion of it into a suitable format before further sending it to the server. However, the data consumes significant memory. While scaling up the system, the number of deployed sensors increases significantly resulting in a proportional increase in memory requirements. This creates huge data payloads and a complex system. For a system with a greater number of sensed parameters, the data can be shared and transmitted in comma-separated values (CSV) format separated by delimiter. However, this requires completely pre-defined CSV headers on the server side which removes the flexibility of sending dynamic data. Here, even if the value is not captured for specific parameters/objects, some default placeholder value needs to be embedded in CSV data format.
[003] Accordingly, there exists a need for an IoT system capable of handling a greater number of sensed parameters and corresponding generated data. Moreover, there is a need to provide a system that transmits and communicates only the captured parameters making it dynamic.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
[004] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a data transmission and compression mechanism that can be incorporated into any IoT-based system.
[005] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a data transmission and compression mechanism that results in a lower memory footprint and reduced payload for communication to the server.
[006] Still, another object of the present disclosure is to provide a data transmission and compression mechanism that facilitates the scaling up of the existing IoT-based system by capturing a larger number of input parameters.
[007] Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide a method for data transmission and compression.

SUMMARY
[008] This summary is not intended to identify essential features of the claimed subject matter nor is it intended for use in limiting the scope of the claimed subject matter.
[009] The present disclosure provides a data transmission and compression system for industrial IoT systems, which comprises a controller module (101) configured to interface with a plurality of sensors (105) for receiving real-time data strings (201) representing sensed parameters, such as temperature, pressure, and pH levels, along with identification parameters for connected systems. The system further includes an IoT module (102) communicatively coupled to the controller module (101) via a wired connection. This IoT module (102) is configured to read data from connected interfaces and sensors, decode protocols, and form a collection of necessary parameters for transmission, utilizing communication technologies selected from GSM, LTE, Ethernet, or Wi-Fi (103). Additionally, a server (104) is configured to receive compressed data strings from the IoT module (102) through the internet. The IoT module (102) is further configured to compress data strings into smaller sizes before transmission to the server (104), employing a combination of JSON and CSV formats for data representation, thereby converting data strings of size 100-200 kB into compressed strings of size 1-9 kB.
[0010] The advantage of this embodiment lies in its ability to significantly reduce the payload size of data strings (201), which enhances the efficiency of data transmission and storage. By transforming large sensor data strings into dynamically structured compact strings, the system ensures that only the necessary data is transmitted, thereby optimizing bandwidth usage and reducing storage requirements. The combination of JSON and CSV formats provides flexibility and compactness, allowing for efficient data representation and transmission.
[0011] In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the controller module (101) incorporates Modbus/CAN controllers for interfacing with the plurality of sensors (105) either wirelessly or through wired connections. This configuration allows the system to seamlessly integrate with various industrial equipment, battery management systems, heavy equipment, vehicles, lifts, cranes, or household equipment, thereby providing a versatile solution for diverse applications.
[0012] In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the IoT module (102) is configured to dynamically structure data strings (201) by embedding objects without significant payload expansion, allowing for efficient data transmission and storage. This dynamic embedding capability ensures that the system can adapt to varying data volumes and sensor configurations, providing a scalable solution that can handle inputs from a range of 800 to 1000 sensors without proportionally increasing memory or payload size.
[0013] In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the server (104) is configured for cloud or physical/virtual deployment to store the compact data strings received from the IoT module (102). This flexibility in deployment options ensures that the system can be tailored to meet specific storage and processing requirements, whether in a cloud-based environment or on-premises.
[0014] In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of sensors (105) are capable of sensing a plurality of parameters, including but not limited to temperature, pressure, level, and pH. This capability allows the system to capture a wide range of data, providing comprehensive monitoring and analysis for various industrial applications.
[0015] In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the method for data transmission and compression (200) in industrial IoT systems comprises steps such as receiving data in the form of multiple data strings (201) from a plurality of sensors (105), checking (202) if the device sending the data is authorized by verifying the receipt of (203) an end character in the received string, processing the string (204) for delimited characters if the device is authenticated, otherwise discarding the data string (205), checking if the received parameter value depends on another parameter (206), and if so, fetching the required value from the delimited position (208) and formulating parameter values (207), constructing key-value pairs (209), and ending the operation (211) if no delimiter is found (210).
[0016] In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the IoT module (102) processes data strings (201) to convert them into a unique combination of JSON and CSV formats, resulting in a reduced-size data string. This processing ensures that the data is efficiently structured and transmitted, minimizing the impact on network resources and storage capacity.
[0017] In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the IoT module (102) utilizes communication technologies selected from GSM, LTE, Ethernet, or Wi-Fi (103) to transmit the compressed data strings (201) to a server (104). This selection of communication technologies provides flexibility in data transmission, allowing the system to adapt to different network environments and requirements.
[0018] In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the system is configured to handle inputs from a range of 800 to 1000 sensors (105) without proportionally increasing memory or payload size. This scalability ensures that the system can accommodate a growing number of sensors (105) and data volumes, providing a robust solution for expanding IoT networks.
[0019] In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the dynamic embedding of data objects within data strings (201) allows the system to adapt to varying data volumes and sensor configurations. This adaptability ensures that the system can efficiently manage and transmit data, even as the complexity and scale of the IoT network increase.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0020] The detailed description is described with reference to the accompanying figures. In the figures, the left-most digit(s) of a reference number identify the figure in which the reference number first appears. The same numbers are used throughout the drawings to refer to features and components.
[0021] Figure 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of the data transmission and compression mechanism (100) in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0022] Figure 2a illustrates a flow diagram of the method for data transmission and compression (200) in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; and
[0023] Figure 2b illustrates a flow diagram of the method for data transmission and compression (200) in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] The embodiments herein provide the data transmission and compression mechanism (hereinafter referred to as “mechanism”) and a method thereof, configured to receive parameter-specific data from a plurality of sensors, and various types of Modbus / CAN bus controllers in real-time and convert it into dynamic strings in an IoT-based system. Modbus/CAN bus controllers can be connected to industrial equipment, battery management systems, heavy equipment, vehicles, lifts, cranes, or household equipment. The mechanism comprises a controller module, an IoT module, and a server.
[0025] Throughout this application, concerning all reasonable derivatives of such terms, and unless otherwise specified (and/or unless the particular context clearly dictates otherwise), each usage of:
“a” or “an” is meant to read as “at least one”,
“the” is meant to be read as “the at least one.”
[0026] References in the specification to “one embodiment” or “an embodiment” mean that a particular feature, structure, characteristic, or function described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. The appearances of the phrase “in one embodiment” in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.
[0027] Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail. For clarity of the description, known constructions and functions will be omitted.
[0028] Parts of the description may be presented in terms of operations performed by at least one processor, electrical/electronic circuit, a computer system, using terms such as data, state, link, fault, packet, and the like, consistent with the manner commonly employed by those skilled in the art to convey the substance of their work to others skilled in the art. As is well understood by those skilled in the art, these quantities take the form of data stored/transferred in the form of non-transitory, computer-readable electrical, magnetic, or optical signals capable of being stored, transferred, combined, and otherwise manipulated through mechanical and electrical components of the computer system; and the term computer system includes general purpose as well as special purpose data processing machines, switches, and the like, that are standalone, adjunct or embedded.
[0029] The present disclosure relates to a data transmission and compression method specifically designed for industrial Internet of Things (IoT) systems. This disclosure operates on the principle of dynamic data structuring and compression, enabling efficient handling of data captured by a plurality of sensors. The disclosure is particularly advantageous in environments where a large number of sensors, ranging from 800 to 1000, are deployed to monitor various parameters such as temperature, pressure, and pH levels. The method ensures that only the necessary data is transmitted, thereby reducing the communication payload and memory footprint, which is crucial for cost-effective and scalable IoT solutions.
[0030] The disclosure may be configured to dynamically transmit data by embedding objects within data strings without significantly expanding the payload. This is achieved by transmitting only the parameters captured by the sensors, eliminating the need for unnecessary placeholders. The disclosure employs a unique combination of JSON and CSV formats to convert data strings of size 100-200 kB into compressed, compact strings of size 1-9 kB. This efficient compression mechanism not only reduces the payload size but also ensures flexibility in data representation, allowing for dynamic data handling without the dependency on predefined headers.
[0031] The disclosure's architecture comprises a controller module, an IoT module, and a server. The controller module interfaces with the sensors via Modbus or CAN bus controllers, receiving real-time data strings. These strings are then processed by the IoT module, which includes communication interfaces such as GSM, LTE, Ethernet, or Wi-Fi, to convert the raw sensor data into compact, dynamic strings. The processed data is subsequently transmitted to a server, which can be cloud-based or physically/virtually deployed, for storage or further processing. This scalable architecture supports seamless scaling of IoT systems, accommodating a larger number of sensors and parameters without proportionally increasing memory or payload size, making it applicable to a wide range of industrial applications.
[0032] In one of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the mechanism is configured for receiving, processing, and transmitting data strings by deploying a controller module, an IoT module, and a server.
[0033] In one of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the controller module comprises a single or multiple Modbus/CAN controllers that can be connected to industrial equipment, battery management systems, heavy equipment, vehicles, lifts, cranes, or household equipment.
[0034] In one of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the IoT module comprises an IoT device, a communication module, and a Modbus/CAN bus interface that can be selected among GSM, LTE, Ethernet, or Wi-Fi options.
[0035] In one of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the server is a cloud server or physical or virtual server connected through a network.
[0036] In one of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the mechanism is configured for receiving inputs from the sensors capable of sensing a plurality of parameters. The plurality of parameters may comprise but not limited to temperature, pressure, level, pH, and alike.
[0037] In one of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the mechanism is configured for handling inputs from the number of plurality of sensors in the range of 800-1000.
[0038] In one of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the mechanism is configured for processing a received data string from connected sensors. Modbus/CAN bus or both having all or selected Modbus address/CAN IDs are communicated over the connected interfaces of size in the range of 100-200 kb depending upon the type of equipment is connected to and converting it into a data string of the size range 1-9 kb, wherein each of the converted data strings is a unique combination of JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) and CSV formats.
[0039] In one of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the mechanism is configured for generating a data string that comprises constituent objects separated by specific delimiters. The converted data string is compacted using CSV format.
[0040] In one of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the mechanism generates a plurality of data strings that are dynamic in nature and different data objects can be dynamically embedded therein without increasing payload size drastically.
[0041] In an implementation of one of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, operation by the mechanism (100) is explained by referring to Figure 1. A controller module (101) comprises a Modbus/CAN controller communicatively coupled to a plurality of sensors in a wired or wireless manner. The controller module (101) is configured to receive a plurality of data strings, wherein, each of the strings represents a real-time value of each of the sensed parameters by a plurality of sensors, along with the identification parameters of the systems such as industrial equipment, battery management system, heavy equipment, vehicles, lifts, cranes, or household equipment, to which it is connected. The controller module (101) is communicatively coupled to an IoT module (102) via a wired connection. The IoT module (102) is configured to read data from connected interfaces and sensors (105) and decode the protocol to form a collection of required and desired parameters to be transferred to the server (104) of the choice. The IoT module (102) can be chosen among GSM, LTE, Ethernet, or Wi-Fi. The IoT module is configured for converting the received data string into a string of reduced size and transmitting the same to a server (104) in a wired or wireless manner.
[0042] In an implementation of one of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the method for data transmission and compression (200) is explained by referring to Figure 2. The method (200) comprises steps such as receiving data in the form of a plurality of strings (201), checking (202) if the device sending data is authorized by checking the receipt of (203) the end character in the received string, processing the string (204) with delimited characters once authentication of the device is done else discarding the data string (205), checking if the received parameter value is dependent on another parameter (206), formulating parameter values (207) by fetching the other value from the delimited position (208), constructing key-value pairs (209) ending the operation (211) if no delimiter is found (210).
[0043] In accordance with another exemplary embodiment, referring to Figure 1, Figure 2a, and Figure 2b, disclose the data transmission and compression mechanism (100). The mechanism comprises a controller module (101), an IoT module (102), an internet connection (103), and a server (104). The IoT module (102) is operatively connected to the controller module (101) and a plurality of sensors (105) to receive data strings representing real-time values of sensed parameters. These parameters may include temperature, pressure, and pH levels, among others. The controller module (101) is connected to the IoT module (102) via a wired connection, facilitating the transfer of data for further processing.
[0044] The IoT module (102) is responsible for reading data from the connected sensors and decoding the protocol to form a collection of necessary parameters for transmission. It employs various communication technologies, such as GSM, LTE, Ethernet, or Wi-Fi, to transmit the processed data to a server (104) through the Internet (103). The IoT module (102) plays a crucial role in compressing the data strings into smaller sizes before transmission, ensuring efficient data handling and reduced payload size.
[0045] In one embodiment of the disclosure, the controller module (101) comprises Modbus/CAN controllers that are communicatively coupled to the IoT module (102) and athe sensors (105) in a wired or wireless manner. This configuration allows the controller module (101) to receive a plurality of data strings, each representing a real-time value of the sensed parameters. The controller module (101) is designed to handle inputs from a range of 800 to 1000 sensors, ensuring scalability and flexibility in data transmission.
[0046] Additionally, the IoT module (102) is configured to convert the received data strings into reduced-size dynamic strings. This conversion utilizes a unique combination of JSON and CSV formats, allowing for efficient compression of data strings from sizes in the range of 100-200 kB to 1-9 kB. The IoT module (102) ensures that the processed data strings are compacted using specific delimiters to separate objects, facilitating seamless data transmission to the server (104).
[0047] In another embodiment of the disclosure, the server (104) is configured to receive and store the compact data strings transmitted by the IoT module (102). The server (104) can be a cloud-based or physical/virtual server, providing flexibility in deployment and storage options. This configuration supports the scalable architecture of the disclosure, enabling the IoT system to accommodate a larger number of sensors and parameters without proportionally increasing memory or payload size.
[0048] The system (100) further comprises mechanisms for authenticating the device sending the data by verifying an end character in the data string. This ensures data integrity and security during transmission. The disclosure's dynamic data structuring and compression method provides a robust solution for efficient data transmission in industrial IoT systems, offering cost-effectiveness and wide applicability across various industrial applications.
[0049] Further the method for data transmission and compression (200) in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. The process begins with the reception of data in the form of multiple strings (201). The system checks (202) if the device sending the data is authorized by verifying the receipt of an end character in the received string (203). If the device is authenticated, the string is processed (204) for delimited characters; otherwise, the data string is discarded (205).
[0050] In one embodiment of the disclosure, the method involves checking if the received parameter value depends on another parameter (206). If a dependency is identified, the system fetches the required value from the delimited position (208) and formulates parameter values (207). Key-value pairs are then constructed (209) to facilitate efficient data handling. If no delimiter is found (210), the operation concludes (211), ensuring that only valid and complete data is processed.
[0051] Additionally, the method supports dynamic data structuring by allowing different data objects to be embedded within the data strings without significantly increasing the payload size. This is achieved through the use of specific delimiters that separate objects within the data strings, enabling the system to handle a wide range of parameters and sensor inputs efficiently.
[0052] In another embodiment of the disclosure, the system is configured to handle inputs from a range of 800 to 1000 sensors, capturing various parameters such as temperature, pressure, and pH levels. The method ensures that only the necessary data is transmitted, reducing the communication payload and memory footprint. This scalability is crucial for industrial IoT systems, where a large number of sensors are deployed to monitor diverse parameters.
[0053] The system further comprises mechanisms for authenticating the device sending the data, ensuring data integrity and security during transmission. By verifying an end character in the data string, the system can confirm the authenticity of the data source, preventing unauthorized access and ensuring reliable data transmission.
[0054] The disclosure's dynamic data structuring and compression method provides a robust solution for efficient data transmission in industrial IoT systems. By employing a unique combination of JSON and CSV formats, the method reduces the payload size while maintaining flexibility in data representation. This approach offers cost-effectiveness and wide applicability across various industrial applications, supporting seamless scaling of IoT systems without proportionally increasing memory or payload size.
[0055] The process involves checking if a parameter value is dependent on another parameter (206). If a dependency is identified, the system fetches the required value from the delimited position (208) and formulates parameter values (207). Key-value pairs are constructed (209) to facilitate efficient data handling. If multiple data delimiters are found (208), the system continues to construct key-value pairs (209). If the next data delimiter is not found (210), the operation concludes (211).
[0056] In one embodiment of the disclosure, the method ensures that the data strings are processed dynamically, allowing for the embedding of different data objects without significantly increasing the payload size. This is achieved through the use of specific delimiters that separate objects within the data strings, enabling the system to handle a wide range of parameters and sensor inputs efficiently. The dynamic structuring of data allows for flexibility in data representation, accommodating various industrial applications.
[0057] The system (100) further comprises mechanisms for authenticating the device sending the data by verifying an end character in the data string. This ensures data integrity and security during transmission. By confirming the authenticity of the data source, the system prevents unauthorized access and ensures reliable data transmission. This authentication process is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the data being transmitted in industrial IoT systems.
[0058] In another embodiment of the disclosure, the method supports the handling of inputs from a range of 800 to 1000 sensors, capturing various parameters such as temperature, pressure, and pH levels. The method ensures that only the necessary data is transmitted, reducing the communication payload and memory footprint. This scalability is essential for industrial IoT systems, where a large number of sensors are deployed to monitor diverse parameters.
[0059] The disclosure's dynamic data structuring and compression method provides a robust solution for efficient data transmission in industrial IoT systems. By employing a unique combination of JSON and CSV formats, the method reduces the payload size while maintaining flexibility in data representation. This approach offers cost-effectiveness and wide applicability across various industrial applications, supporting seamless scaling of IoT systems without proportionally increasing memory or payload size.
[0060] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the method for data transmission and compression (200) is designed to accommodate variations in sensor configurations and data types. The system is capable of dynamically adjusting the data processing and transmission protocols based on the specific requirements of the connected sensors and the parameters being monitored. This adaptability ensures that the system can efficiently handle diverse industrial applications, ranging from heavy machinery monitoring to household appliance management.
[0061] The disclosure also contemplates alternative embodiments where the communication technologies employed by the IoT module (102) can be selectively optimized based on network availability and data transmission requirements. For instance, in environments with limited network coverage, the system may prioritize the use of LTE or GSM technologies to ensure reliable data transmission. Conversely, in high-bandwidth environments, Ethernet or Wi-Fi may be utilized to maximize data throughput and minimize latency.
[0062] Advantages of the invention:
• The mechanism converts the received data string into a customized data string of reduced size which ensures a lower memory footprint and reduced payload for communication with the server.
• The mechanism can be incorporated into existing IoT systems and allows scaling up of the existing systems by facilitating an increased number of inputs.
• The mechanism provides a cost-effective alternative to data compression mechanisms by decreasing the number of deployed resources.
[0063] The foregoing objects of the disclosure are accomplished and the problems and shortcomings associated with prior art techniques and approaches are overcome by the present disclosure described in the present embodiment. Detailed descriptions of the preferred embodiment are provided herein; however, it is to be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms. Therefore, specific details disclosed herein are not to be interpreted as limiting, but rather as a basis for the claims and as a representative basis for teaching one skilled in the art to employ the present disclosure in virtually any appropriately detailed system, structure, or matter. The embodiments of the disclosure as described above and the methods disclosed herein will suggest further modification and alterations to those skilled in the art. Such further modifications and alterations may be made without departing from the scope of the disclosure.
,CLAIMS:I/We claim:

1. A data transmission and compression system for industrial IoT systems, comprising:
a controller module (101) configured to interface with a plurality of sensors (105) for receiving real-time data strings representing sensed parameters, including temperature, pressure, and pH levels, and identification parameters for connected systems;
an IoT module (102) communicatively coupled to the controller module (101) and to the plurality of sensor (105) via a wired connection, the IoT module (102) configured to read data from connected interfaces and sensors, decode protocols, and form a collection of necessary parameters for transmission, utilizing communication technologies selected from GSM, LTE, Ethernet, or Wi-Fi;
a server (104) configured to receive compressed data strings from the IoT module (102) through the internet (103);
wherein the IoT module (102) is further configured to compress data strings into smaller sizes before transmission to the server (104), employing a combination of JSON and CSV formats for data representation, thereby converting data strings of size 100-200 kB into compressed strings of size 1-9 kB.
2. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the controller module (101) incorporates Modbus/CAN controllers for interfacing with the plurality of sensors (105) either wirelessly or through wired connections.
3. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the IoT module (102) is configured to dynamically structure data strings by embedding objects without significant payload expansion, allowing for efficient data transmission and storage.
4. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the server (104) is configured for cloud or physical/virtual deployment to store the compact data strings received from the IoT module (102).
5. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of sensors (105) is capable of sensing a plurality of parameters, including but not limited to temperature, pressure, level, and pH.
6. A method for data transmission and compression in industrial IoT systems, comprising:
receiving data in the form of multiple strings (201) from a plurality of sensors (105);
checking if the device sending the data is authorized by verifying the receipt of an end character in the received string (203);
processing the string for delimited characters if the device is authenticated, otherwise discarding the data string (205);
checking if the received parameter value depends on another parameter (206), and if so, fetching the required value from the delimited position (208) and formulating parameter values (207);
constructing key-value pairs (209) and ending the operation if no delimiter is found (210).
7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the data strings are processed by the IoT module (102) to convert them into a unique combination of JSON and CSV formats, resulting in a reduced-size data string.
8. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the IoT module (102) utilizes communication technologies selected from GSM, LTE, Ethernet, or Wi-Fi to transmit the compressed data strings to a server (104).
9. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the system is configured to handle inputs from a range of 800 to 1000 sensors without proportionally increasing memory or payload size.
10. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the dynamic embedding of data objects within data strings allows the system to adapt to varying data volumes and sensor configurations.
Dated this on 14th Day of February, 2025

Prafulla Wange
Agent for Applicant
IN/PA-2058