1. A thermal insulating and fire-resistant composition comprising of: a) 8 to 50% w/w of Inorganic sand; b) 45 to 70% w/w of Ordinary Portland Cement; c) 8 to 25% w/w of Pozzolanic material selected from the group comprising of fly ash, ground-granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS), rice husk and calcined clay; d) 2 to 10% w/w of Silica fumes; e) 0 to 1% w/w of Re-dispersible polymer powder (RDP) dispersion; f) 0 to 1% w/w of Water-soluble, non-ionic cellulose ether, selected from the group comprising of methylhydroxyethyl cellulose (MHEC), methylhydroxypropyl cellulose, ethylhydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and hydroxypropyl cellulose; g) 0 to 5% w/w of calcium formate, calcium carbonate, and combination thereof; h) 0 to 1.5% w/w of Fiber is selected from glass fibres, synthetic fibres, nylon fiber, polyproplene fiber, and natural fibres; Wherein Inorganic sand and Ordinary Portland Cement in ratio of 1:1 to 1:5 and water-soluble, non-ionic cellulose ether and RDP is in ratio of 1:1.

2. The thermal insulating and fire-resistant composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said Inorganic sand used in 10 to 45% w/w of the total composition and having a particle size in a range of 0.5 o 3.5 mm.

3. The thermal insulating and fire-resistant composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said Pozzolanic material is GGBS, fly ash, and/or combination of thereof.

4. The thermal insulating and fire-resistant composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said GGBS in range of 0 to 20% w/w of the total composition and having particle size in range of 10–45 µm.

5. The thermal insulating and fire-resistant composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said fly ash in range of 0 to 10% w/w of the total composition and having mess size between 45–2000 µm.

6. The thermal insulating and fire-resistant composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said water-soluble, non-ionic cellulose ether having viscosity 2,00,000 to 6,00,000 mPa·s.

7. The thermal insulating and fire-resistant composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said natural fiber is cellulose fiber in range of 0.2 to 1 % w/w of the total composition.

8. The thermal insulating and fire-resistant composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein thermal conductivity (k-value) less than 0.2 W/m °C.

9. The thermal insulating and fire-resistant composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein thermal conductivity (k-value) is in range from 0.13 to 0.15 W/m °C.

10. The thermal insulating and fire-resistant composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein density ranging from 300–1000 kg/m3. Dated 27th Mar, 2025 Chothani Pritibahen Bipinbhai Reg. No.: IN/PA-3148 For and on behalf of the applicant

DESC:FORM 2
THE PATENT ACT, 1970
(39 OF 1970)
&
THE PATENTS RULES, 2003
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(See section 10 and rule 13)
1. Title of the invention: “THERMAL INSULATING AND FIREPROOF COMPOSITION”
2. Applicants:
NAME NATIONALITY ADDRESS
Labh Buildchem Pvt Ltd Indian D502, Vakratund Residency, Uma Vidyalaya Road, Tarsali, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
3. Preamble to the description
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
The following specification particularly describes the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed:

Field of the Invention
The invention relates to the technical field of a construction material having thermal insulation, fire proof/resistance and other desirable properties, which also preserves building's structural integrity, and serves as a formidable barrier against heat transfer and also ensures that the building remains habitable, significantly minimizing the impact of external climate conditions on room temperature.
Background of the Invention
Fire safety and heat resistance are critically important aspects in the construction industry for several reasons. These considerations help protect both the occupants of the building and the structure itself. Fire safety and heat resistance are integral to the construction industry for protecting lives, property, and the environment. These considerations are not only essential for regulatory compliance but also contribute to the overall resilience and sustainability of buildings and communities.
Unlike traditional plasters that succumb to fire at temperatures ranging from 400-450°C, Conventional buildings often face irreparable damage in the event of a fire, leaving them non- usable until extensive reconstruction is completed. The critical problem in the construction and industrial sectors is the inherent vulnerability of traditional building materials, particularly when faced with the devastating impact of fire incidents.
The problem is two-fold: first, the structural integrity of traditional buildings is compromised, leading to significant damage and the need for extensive rebuilding efforts. Second, in the event of a fire, the lack of effective fire-resistant materials poses a substantial risk to occupants, as the structures can become uninhabitable and hinder effective evacuation.
CN108863273A discloses a waterproof cement perlite heat insulation board and a production method thereof. The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the waterproof cement perlite heat insulation board is prepared from the following components in parts by
weight: 15 to 20 parts of PO42.5 cement, 5 to 10 parts of desulfurized gypsum powder, 3 to 7 parts of bentonite, 0.2 to 0.5 part of siloxane silicone oil, 0.2 to 0.6 part of polypropylene staple fiber, 30 to 50 parts of waterproof perlite, 10 to 25 parts of glass beads, 3 to 8 parts of an additive, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of redispersible latex powder and 15 to 25 parts of water. The waterproof cement perlite heat insulation board provided by the invention has the characteristics of good fireproofness, light weight, high strength, low heat conductivity coefficient, low water absorption, good flexibility, good workability and the like.
DE202005021073U1 discloses the unit (1) has a light-weight concrete (2) containing a composition of high-alumina cement of 170-230 kilogram per cubic meters, a portland cement of 0-50 kilogram per cubic meters, perlite of 170-220 kilogram per cubic meters, water of 220-260 kilogram per cubic meters and flux material of 0-10 kilogram per cubic meters. A tongue and groove connection is provided for connecting the unit with the other protection unit, where a fire-proof and thermally insulating single layer plate is used as a tongue material. A thermally expanding coating is applied on surfaces of the tongue and groove.
CN103922672A discloses thermal insulation mortar and a preparation method thereof. The thermal insulation mortar comprises the following ingredients by weight per ton: 600kg of silicate cement, 80kg of silica micropowder, 50kg of coal ash, 5kg of polypropylene fiber, 15kg of waterproof agent, 5kg of wood fiber, 50kg of thermal conductive powder,15kg of polymer powder, 10kg of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and 170kg of hollow vitrified beads. The thermal insulation mortar has the advantages of excellent thermal insulation effect and high- pressure resistance and pressure-shear bond strength.
IN433381 discloses a fibre reinforced cement composition containing 15 to 35% of a pozzolanic material that is GGBS and fly ash, 60 to 80% of a clinker, 3 to 5% gypsum and 0.075 to 0.3 % of a performance enhancer that is alkaline resistant glass fibre.
The present thermal insulating and fire proof/resistant composition represents a groundbreaking advancement in the realm of building materials, specifically addressing the critical issue of fire vulnerability. The present composition is a fire-proof/resistant plaster with a composition that sets it apart from conventional options and it has undergone rigorous lab testing, showcasing its resilience even at an impressive 1250°C. The benefits of the present composition extend beyond residential applications to industrial settings, especially those equipped with furnaces. When applied to furnace peripheries, the fire proof/resistant plaster prevents heat loss, contributing to energy conservation in industrial operations. Additionally, the product's qualification as a green building material aligns seamlessly with environmental sustainability goals, reflecting a commitment to eco-friendly practices in the construction industry. This invention not only preserves the structural integrity of buildings during fires but also acts as a formidable barrier against heat transfer. As a result, the building remains habitable after a fire, reducing the need for extensive reconstruction and providing a more sustainable and cost-effective solution.
Moreover, the present composition's unique qualities have broader implications. It facilitates effective evacuation during fire incidents, minimizing the risk of casualties. Additionally, the application of the fire proof/resistant plaster in industrial settings, particularly around furnaces, addresses energy loss issues and contributes to the conservation of resources in industrial operations. In essence, the present invention is solving the critical problem of building materials' vulnerability to fire damage, providing a revolutionary solution that enhances structural resilience, promotes safety during emergencies, and aligns with broader sustainability objectives in the construction and industrial sectors.
The present composition is comprehensive solution to the pervasive problem of building materials' vulnerability to fire damage, leveraging its innovative fire proof/resistant plaster. The key elements of the solution include: exceptional fire resistance, superior strength, adhesion (spray or plaster), low water permeability, zero smoke and zero fumes, resistance to spalling, no weather effect, and improved acoustic properties.
Objective of the Invention
Main objective of the present inventions is to provide a composition having thermal insulation properties that regulates and controls interior temperatures.
Another objective of the present composition is to provide energy cost savings that mitigates the impact of external temperatures, leading to substantial electricity cost savings over time.

Yet another objective of the present composition is to provide fire and heat resistance that renders buildings fire proof/resistant, heat-resistant, and enhancing overall safety.

Yet another objective of the present composition is to provide unparalleled fire protection as it cannot be burned.

Yet another objective of the present composition is to provide zero fume composition that ensures safety by not releasing fumes when subjected to fire.

Yet another objective of the present composition is to provide zero smoke composition that contributes to a healthier environment by not emitting smoke.

Yet another objective of the present composition is to provide lightweight that eliminates the need for heavy structural compositions and facilitating ease of use.

Yet another objective of the present composition is to eliminate issues of plaster and concrete spalling for ensuring long-term durability.

Yet another objective of the present composition is to provide vermin and termite resistant as it provides additional protection against pests, enhancing the longevity of structures.

Yet another objective of the present composition is to provide better acoustics which is ideal for high-traffic areas, contributing to a quieter and more comfortable environment.

Yet another objective of the present composition is to provide cost-effective finishing as it reduces finishing costs, making it an economically viable and attractive choice for construction projects.

Summary of the invention

The present composition’s approach to solving the problem is multifaceted. It involves the development of an advanced construction composition that not only exceeds thermal insulation and fire resistance of conventional materials but also addresses effective temperature control to save the energy and the aftermath of fires by preserving structural integrity. The barrier against heat transfer, versatile application in industrial settings, and alignment with environmental sustainability goals further enhance the holistic nature of the solution. In essence, the present composition a comprehensive and innovative solution to the challenges associated with building materials including lack of fire resistance and vulnerability to fire damage.

Brief description of drawings
Figure 1 shows Furnace test result of thermal insulating and fire proof/ resistant composition of Example 3
Figure 2 shows Furnace test result by thermal insulating and fire proof/resistant composition of Example 3
Figure 3 shows graph of Temp. vs Time for comparison between outer and inner surface of composition of example 3 at 750C
Figure 4 shows graph of Temp. vs Time for comparison between outer and inner surface of composition of example 3 at 500C
Figure 5 shows graph of Temp. vs Time for comparison between outer and inner surface of composition of example 3 at 350C
Figure 6 shows graph of Temp. vs Time for comparison between outer and inner surface of composition of example 3 at -370C
Figure 7 shows graph of Temp. vs Time for comparison between outer and inner surface of composition of example 3 at 40C
Figure 8 shows graph for Material Attenuation using VNA in RF Anechoic Chamber
Figure 9 shows Thermal analysis (Differential thermal analysis - DTA) of composition of example 3 (Unit in Y axis in Micro voltage)
Figure 10 shows Thermal analysis (Differential thermogravimetry - DTG) of composition of example 3 (Unit: microgram per minute)
Figure 11 shows Thermal analysis (Thermogravimetry - TG) of composition of example 3 (Unit: microgram)
Detail description of the invention
The present invention relates to thermal insulating and fire proof/resistant composition comprises inorganic sand and cement. The present thermal insulating and fire proof/resistant composition comprises inorganic sand, OPC, and one or more additional material selected from a pozzolanic material, a water-soluble, non-ionic cellulose ether, a ready-to-use polymer dispersion, a fiber, silica fumes, and calcium formate, calcium carbonate, and combination thereof.
Examples:
Table 1 shows examples of various compositions of the present invention

Components %w/w
Example 1
FRP-1030 Plus Example 2
FRP-1030 Example 3
FRP-1045 Example 4
HRP-1060 Example 5
HRP-1100
Inorganic Sand 16.22 16.48 14.01 28.67 41.03
OPC 58.97 59.91 57.32 50.19 52.41
GGBS 13.76 11.98 14.33 12.93 0.00
Fly Ash 4.91 4.99 6.37 0.00 0.00
Silica Fumes 3.93 3.99 5.10 6.84 5.13
RDP 0.15 0.00 0.19 0.68 0.72
MHEC 0.15 0.00 0.19 0.68 0.72
Calcium Formate 1.62 1.65 2.10 0.00 0.00
Cellulose Fiber 0.29 1.00 0.38 0.00 0.00

OPC - Ordinary Portland Cement
GGBS - Ground-granulated blast-furnace slag
RDP – Re-dispersible polymer powder
MHEC – Methyl hydroxy ethyl cellulose

Process for preparing composition:
(1) Mix all Components at 15 RMP for 20 min in a mixture, excluding Inorganic Sand, OPC, GGBS, and fly ash;
(2) Add Inorganic Sand, OPC, GGBS, and fly ash into the step (1); and
(3) Mix the mixture of step (2) at 15 RPM for 20 min in mixture.

The present composition should apply at least of 5 mm thickness to achieve thermal insulation and at least of 12 mm thickness to achieve fire proof/resistant properties.

Test Data

1. Furnace test
In this test, one panel of the furnace removed and replaced by the present thermal insulating and fire proof/resistant composition according to Example 3 having thickness of 75 mm (Green in colour). The furnace put to test for a period of 2 hours and the result are reported in Figure 2. As reported in the Figure 2, after 2 hours, the temperature inside the Furnace was 1050 °C, while the temperature on the inside surface of the plaster was 700 °C and outside surface of the plaster was 70 °C. The result proves that the present thermal insulating and fire proof/resistant composition not only withstand exposure of 1050 °C but also prevent the loss of heat on the outer side of the wall.

A furnace Test in which 'I' section has been plastered with thermal insulating and fire proof/resistant composition according to Example 3 having thickness of 30 mm. The 'I' section put in a furnace and tested for a period of 2 hours and the result are reported Figure 3.

In the cases of general plastering applications, the thermal insulating and fire proof/resistant composition of the present invention gives the following plastering yield
1) For internal/external wall and ceiling plaster, 20 KG thermal insulating and fire proof/resistant composition prepared according to Example 1 cover surface of 25–28 square foot having 12mm thickness.
2) For roof plaster (Screed), 20 KG thermal insulating and fire proof/resistant composition prepared according to Example 1 cover surface of 14-15 square foot having 24mm thickness.

For plaster mixing and application methods, all the principles of good mortar practice apply to use the thermal insulating and fire proof/resistant composition of the present invention.

The water should be used as per liter per kg mentioned in the table 2. The thermal insulating and fire proof/resistant composition of the present invention having the properties reported in the table 2 below.
Product Grid Example 1-2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5
Water Ratio (Liter/kg) Low water
0.4 High water
0.5 Low water 0.5 High water
0.6 Low water 0.5 High water
0.6 Low water0.6 High water0.8
Slump (mm) 55 250 45 240 50 230 30+ 90+
Flow (mm) 370 635 380 580 365 365 355 570
Measured Air Content (%) 12 16 15 18 21 21 22 21
Drying Shrinkage (%) 0.17 0.16 0.18 0.19 0.16 0.16 0.12 0.12
Watering Expansion (%) 0.14 0.14 0.17 0.17 0.15 0.14 0.1 0.1
7-day ISO flexural strength (Mpa) 3.7 1.9 3.4 2.0 1.5 1.1 - -
28-day ISO flexural strength (Mpa) 4.9 2.7 4.2 2.5 1.8 1.3 - -
7-day ISO compressive strength (Mpa) 14.2 5 12.6 5.2 3.9 3.9 - -
28-day ISO compressive strength
(Mpa) 19.8 7.5 16.9 6.3 4.4 2.9 - -
7-day 100 mm cube strength (Mpa) 16.9 7.3 15.6 6.9 4.7 3.1 1.2 0.8
28- day 100 mm cube strength (Mpa) 23 10 19 8.7 6 4.3 1.7 1.4
Wet Density (Kg/m3) 1400 1150 1250 1000 900 800 750 700
Dry Density (Kg/m3) 1100 900 800 650 550 450 360 350

2. Temperature Measurement of Opposite Side of Plaster Under Extreme Weather Conditions at specific thickness of a layer

The objective of this test was to evaluate the temperature on the opposite side of a plaster layer under various extreme weather conditions, with a focus on understanding how the temperature changes over a period of 300 minutes. The test was conducted using plaster samples with a thickness of 20 mm and dimensions of 2ft x 2ft. The plaster was made using a consistent material composition with a cement-to-sand ratio as per example 3.

To simulate different environmental conditions, we subjected the plaster samples to various temperatures on one side while measuring the temperature on the opposite side at 2-minute intervals. The samples weighed approximately 5 kg each, and all tests were conducted in an ambient temperature of 27°C. The specific test temperatures applied were 75°C, 50°C, 35°C, 4°C, and -37°C, with all tests taking place under normal atmospheric pressure. Results for each temperature range are presented in Figures 3 to 7.

3. Material Attenuation Properties Measurement Using RF VNA (S21 Method)
Objective: To measure the signal attenuation (S21 in dB) of the given fire-retardant cement sheet over the frequency range of 800 MHz to 4 GHz using a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA).
Scope: Evaluation of attenuation properties for RF applications, ensuring the material’s effectiveness in minimizing radio signal penetration.
Customer Requirements: The customer specializes in designing and manufacturing fire-retardant cement sheets for home wall preparation and building construction across multiple sites. While the sheet is highly effective for fire-retardant properties, efficient heat dissipation, and maintaining a cooler environment, the customer wants to assess its impact on radio signal attenuation.
Focus on Wireless Communication Bands: The primary concern of this evaluation is to determine how much attenuation this material provides for cellular and other RF communication signals within the 800 MHz to 4 GHz range. This frequency band covers major over-the-air (OTA) cellular communication technologies, including 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G. The study aims to analyze whether this sheet can effectively reduce signal transmission in these bands, impacting mobile wireless communication and nearby RF signals.
Test Setup: The RF attenuation was measured in two conditions:
1. Line-of-Sight Area: This setup simulated direct exposure to RF signals.
2. RF Anechoic Chamber: This setup minimized reflections and external interference to measure attenuation more accurately.
Results from these tests are displayed in Figure 8, where the X-axis represents frequency, and the Y-axis shows the level of signal attenuation. A lower Y-axis value indicates greater resistance to wave transmission. The study concluded that the fire-retardant cement sheet (Satva Fire Plast) exhibited minimal RF signal attenuation when compared to a metal sheet of the same thickness, with the material allowing a higher level of signal transmission in the tested frequency bands.

3. Thermal Analysis of Fireplast
a) Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) was performed to investigate the thermal properties of the fire-retardant cement sheet, specifically its weight loss and phase changes as a function of temperature.

Observation: As shown in Figure 9, the cement sheet displayed continuous weight loss up to 700 K due to the removal of entrapped atmospheric water and the volatilization of certain elements (which could not be definitively identified). This was followed by an endothermic reaction. At around 700 K, a decomposition event occurred, and further decomposition was noted around 980 K. Beyond this temperature, the cement material became porous and began to absorb gases into the pores.
This thermal behaviour indicates that at higher temperatures, the cement undergoes significant changes, including decomposition and porosity formation, which could potentially affect its structural integrity and fire-retardant properties at elevated temperatures.

b) Thermogravimetry (TGA) a technique that measures the mass changes of a sample as a function of temperature or time, providing information about thermal stability, decomposition, and composition.
Thermal Properties Data
Sample: Plaster Blocks
Sample No. Thermal Conductivity
(W/mK) Heat Diffusivity
(m2/s) Volumetric Heat Capacity
(MJ/m3K)
Sample 3 0.1708 3.13E-07 0.5448

Measured by: #Instrument: C-Therm Trident (Calibrated with standard SS reference)
Technique: Transient Plane Source (TPS): This technique is used for characterizing the thermal conductivity and diffusivity of materials, conforming to ISO Standard 22007-2 and GB/T 32064. Results shown in figure 10 and 11.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the present thermal insulating and fire proof/resistant composition comprises inorganic sand in amount in range of 8 to 50% w/w of the total composition, preferably 10 to 45% w/w of the total composition. Inorganic sand used for the purpose of the present invention having a particle size in a range of 0.5 o 3.5 mm.

In an embodiment of the present invention, cement is Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC), slag cement, and combination thereof. According to the preferred embodiment cement is OPC. According to most prefer embodiment cement is OPC having grade of 33, 43, and 53. The present thermal insulating and fire proof/resistant composition comprises OPC in amount in range of 45 to 70% w/w of the total composition, preferably 50 to 65% w/w of the total composition.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the present thermal insulating and fire proof/resistant composition comprises inorganic sand and OPC in ratio of 1:1 to 1:5.

In another aspect of the present invention, the present thermal insulating and fire proof/resistant composition comprises 10 to 45% % w/w inorganic sand, 45 to 70 % w/w of OPC, and one or more additional material selected from a pozzolanic material, a water-soluble, non-ionic cellulose ether, a ready-to-use polymer dispersion, a fiber, silica fumes, and calcium formate, calcium carbonate, and combination thereof.

For the purpose of the present invention, a pozzolanic material is used in amount in range of 8 to 25% w/w of the total composition, preferably 10 to 22% w/w of the total composition.
For the purpose of the present invention, a pozzolanic material is selected from the group consisting of fly ash, ground-granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS), rice husk and calcined clay. For the purpose of the present invention a pozzolanic material is GGBS, fly ash, or combination of thereof.

For the purpose of the present invention, GGBS having particle size in range of 10–45 µm and fly ash having mess size between 45–2000 µm. In another aspect of the present invention, fly ash is Class F fly ash, Class C fly ash, and combination thereof.

For the purpose of the present invention, the present thermal insulating and fire proof/resistant composition comprises GGBS in range of 0 to 20% w/w of the total composition, preferably 5 to 18% w/w of the total composition, and more preferably 8 to 15% w/w of total composition.

For the purpose of the present invention, the present thermal insulating and fire proof/resistant composition comprises fly ash in range of 0 to 10% w/w of the total composition, preferably 3 to 8% w/w of the total composition.

For the purpose of the present invention, the present thermal insulating and fire proof/resistant composition comprises a water-soluble, non-ionic cellulose ether polymer selected from the group consisting of methylhydroxyethyl cellulose (MHEC), methylhydroxypropyl cellulose, ethylhydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and hydroxypropyl cellulose. For the purpose of the present invention a water-soluble, non-ionic cellulose ether having viscosity at least 2,00,000 mPa·s, preferably 2,00,000 to 6,00,000 mPa·s, more preferably 4,00,000 to 5,00,000 mPa·s.

For the purpose of the present invention, the present thermal insulating and fire proof/resistant composition comprises a water-soluble, non-ionic cellulose ether polymer in amount in range of 0 to 1% w/w of the total composition, preferably 0.05 to 0.8% w/w of the total composition.

For the purpose of the present invention, the present thermal insulating and fire proof/resistant composition comprises a re-dispersible polymer powder (RDP) dispersion in amount in range 0 to 1% w/w of the total composition, preferably 0.05 to 0.8% w/w of the total composition.

For the purpose of the present invention, a water-soluble, non-ionic cellulose ether and RDP is in ratio of 1:1.
For the purpose of the present invention, the present thermal insulating and fireproof composition comprises a fiber in amount in range of 0 to 1.5% w/w of the total composition, preferably 0.2 to 1 % w/w of the total composition.

For the purpose of the present invention, a fiber is selected from glass fibres, synthetic fibres, nylon fiber, polyproplene fibe, and natural fibres. For the purpose of the present invention a fiber is natural fiber. For the purpose of the present invention a natural fiber is cellulose fiber.

For the purpose of the present invention, the present thermal insulating and fire proof/resistant composition comprises silica fumes in amount range from 2 to 10% w/w of the total composition, preferably 3 to 8 % w/w of the total composition.

For the purpose of the present invention, the thermal insulating and fire proof/resistant composition comprises calcium formate, calcium carbonate, and combination thereof in amount range from 0 to 5% w/w of the total composition, preferably 1 to 3% w/w of the total composition.

The thermal conductivity (k-value) of construction-based materials like concrete is an important factor when considering the amount of heat transfer through conduction. The amount of heat loss through walls and roofs has a direct effect on the energy consumption of buildings. The ‘k’ value of a conventional cement plaster is 0.72 W/m °C. The ‘k’ value of the present insulating and fire proof/resistant composition is at least less than 0.2 W/m °C, which indicates excellent thermal insulator properties. The ‘k’ value of the present insulating and fire proof/resistant composition is in range from 0.13 to 0.15 W/m °C

The density of material is one of the influential factors on the thermal conductivity and also indicator of the light weight. The density of the present thermal insulating and fire proof/resistant composition density ranging from 300–1000 kg/m3.

The present thermal insulating and fire proof/resistant composition is used to prepare a heat proof/weather proof/fire proof plaster, screeding on terrace and metal surface, low density or lightweight cement base masonry mortar, plaster, tile adhesive, brick, AAC block, refractories, fire bricks, an artificial brick, ceramic tile, natural or artificial stone, cement or epoxy base grout, castable materials, heat and fire barrier for duct, false ceilings, furness plaster or coating on surface, thermal filling, precast fire wall or fire panel, temperature control coating, repair mortar, acoustics plaster¸ vermin and termite proof plaster, smoke and fume less/proof plaster or mortar, fire seal, weather proof /resistant plaster, low density spray plaster, and insulation roof decks. ,CLAIMS:We claim,
1. A thermal insulating and fire-resistant composition comprising of:
a) 8 to 50% w/w of Inorganic sand;
b) 45 to 70% w/w of Ordinary Portland Cement;
c) 8 to 25% w/w of Pozzolanic material selected from the group comprising of fly ash, ground-granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS), rice husk and calcined clay;
d) 2 to 10% w/w of Silica fumes;
e) 0 to 1% w/w of Re-dispersible polymer powder (RDP) dispersion;
f) 0 to 1% w/w of Water-soluble, non-ionic cellulose ether, selected from the group comprising of methylhydroxyethyl cellulose (MHEC), methylhydroxypropyl cellulose, ethylhydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and hydroxypropyl cellulose;
g) 0 to 5% w/w of calcium formate, calcium carbonate, and combination thereof;
h) 0 to 1.5% w/w of Fiber is selected from glass fibres, synthetic fibres, nylon fiber, polyproplene fiber, and natural fibres;

Wherein Inorganic sand and Ordinary Portland Cement in ratio of 1:1 to 1:5 and water-soluble, non-ionic cellulose ether and RDP is in ratio of 1:1.

2. The thermal insulating and fire-resistant composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said Inorganic sand used in 10 to 45% w/w of the total composition and having a particle size in a range of 0.5 o 3.5 mm.

3. The thermal insulating and fire-resistant composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said Pozzolanic material is GGBS, fly ash, and/or combination of thereof.
4. The thermal insulating and fire-resistant composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said GGBS in range of 0 to 20% w/w of the total composition and having particle size in range of 10–45 µm.

5. The thermal insulating and fire-resistant composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said fly ash in range of 0 to 10% w/w of the total composition and having mess size between 45–2000 µm.

6. The thermal insulating and fire-resistant composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said water-soluble, non-ionic cellulose ether having viscosity 2,00,000 to 6,00,000 mPa·s.

7. The thermal insulating and fire-resistant composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said natural fiber is cellulose fiber in range of 0.2 to 1 % w/w of the total composition.

8. The thermal insulating and fire-resistant composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein thermal conductivity (k-value) less than 0.2 W/m °C.

9. The thermal insulating and fire-resistant composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein thermal conductivity (k-value) is in range from 0.13 to 0.15 W/m °C.

10. The thermal insulating and fire-resistant composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein density ranging from 300–1000 kg/m3.
Dated 27th Mar, 2025

Chothani Pritibahen Bipinbhai
Reg. No.: IN/PA-3148
For and on behalf of the applicant