DESC:FIELD OF DISCLOSURE
The present disclosure relates to electric vehicles, charging systems, and their management in electric vehicles and more particularly to RFID enabled smart EV charging socket.
DEFINITIONS
As used in the present disclosure, the following terms are generally intended to have the meaning as set forth below, except to the extent that the context in which they are used indicates otherwise.
ELECTRIC VEHICLE: The term ‘electric vehicle’ mentioned herein in the disclosure refers to all kinds of vehicles operating completely or partially on a battery including electric and hybrid cars, bikes, and automobiles.
BACKGROUND
The background information herein below relates to the present disclosure but is not necessarily prior art.
The burgeoning global adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) underscores an imperative for the development of robust and efficient charging infrastructure to support this transformative shift in transportation. A significant challenge lies in the size and bulkiness of current EV chargers, which complicates their installation in residential settings or confined spaces, thereby constraining widespread accessibility. Furthermore, many of these chargers exhibit insufficient protection mechanisms, rendering both the charging apparatus and the vehicle susceptible to potential electrical malfunctions and safety hazards. This lack of comprehensive protection is exacerbated by the high cost of existing chargers, which, despite their premium pricing and built-in protection, often fail to incorporate advanced predictive features for fault detection. The absence of such predictive capabilities not only elevates maintenance expenses but also contributes to extended periods of downtime and operational inconvenience for users. Addressing these issues through the development of more compact, cost-effective, and technologically sophisticated charging solutions is essential to fostering a seamless and secure transition to electric mobility.
Therefore, there is a need for a system for charging electric vehicles, particularly RFID-enabled smart EV charging socket that alleviates the aforementioned drawbacks.
OBJECTS
Some of the objects of the present disclosure, which at least one embodiment herein satisfies, are as follows:
It is an object of the present disclosure to ameliorate one or more problems of the prior art or to at least provide a useful alternative.
An object of the present disclosure is to provide a system for charging electric vehicles, particularly RFID-enabled smart EV charging socket.
Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a compact design for a charging infrastructure for electric vehicles.
Yet another object of the present disclosure is to enable authorized access to charging facilities.
Still, another object of the present disclosure is to enhance the safety of charging systems for electric vehicles.
Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide a user-interactive charging infrastructure for electric vehicles.
Still, another object of the present disclosure is to provide a portable charging system for electric vehicles.
Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide an easily scalable charging system for electric vehicles.
Other objects and advantages of the present disclosure will be more apparent from the following description, which is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.
SUMMARY
The present disclosure envisages a system for charging electric vehicles. The system comprises at least one RFID-enabled charging socket, an authentication module, a charger monitoring module, a server, a control unit, an alerts and notification module and an application.
The RFID-enabled charging socket is configured to receive a charging gun and positioned within a charger, wherein the charging socket is connected to a power supply and the charging gun is one of the two charging guns present at each end of an EV charging cable.
The authentication module is configured to receive user input data from a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag , and is further configured to authenticate the user and grant access to said charger by enabling the connection of the vehicle to said charging socket.
The charger monitoring module is configured to capture and transmit charger parameter data.
The server comprises a data processing module, a data analysis module, a fault detection module, and a smart metering module.
The data processing module is configured to receive and process said charger parameter data by implementing a set of processing rules.
The data analysis module implementing a trained machine learning model is configured to analyse said processed charger parameter data.
The fault detection module is configured to receive said analysed charger parameter data and detect faults in said charger, and is further configured to generate and transmit fault detection signals.
The smart metering module is configured to receive said analysed charger parameter data and calculate the charging cost based on the utilization of the charger.
The control unit is configured to receive signals from said server and further configured to relay said signals.
The alerts and notification module is configured to receive signals from said control unit and provide real-time status updates and audio-visual alerts.
The application deployed on a user device is configured to facilitate user interaction with said charger, including setting thresholds, monitoring charging operations, and receiving notifications and alerts.
The charger, the authentication module, the charger monitoring module, the control unit, and the alerts and notification module are positioned in a housing.
In an embodiment, the system further comprises a rectifier and a step-down converter. The rectifier is configured to convert alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC), and the step-down converter is configured to lower high input voltage to a usable output voltage.
In an embodiment, the authentication module is configured to uniquely pair an RFID tag with at least one charger, such that the RFID tag is rendered inoperative for other chargers not paired therewith.
In an embodiment,the authentication module is configured to enable authorization of a single user with a unique RFID tag to enable access to at least one charger.
In an embodiment, the authentication module is further configured to enable authorization of multiple users with a single RFID tag to enable access to at least one charger.
In an embodiment, the authentication module is further configured to be installed at a designated location including the charger housing, and an adjacent surface near the charger housing, such as a wall or pole.
In an embodiment, the authentication module is further configured to receive user input data from at least one authentication device selected from a group consisting of radio frequency identification (RFID) tags, biometric scanners, near-field communication (NFC) interfaces, and QR code readers and further configured to authenticate a user based on the received user input data.
In an embodiment, the charger monitoring module is configured to monitor and measure input voltage supplied to the charging socket, current flowing through the charger, leakage current, and the charger temperature.
In an embodiment, the charger monitoring module comprises at least one voltage divider, at least one first current transformer, at least one second current transformer, and at least one thermistor. The voltage divider is configured to monitor and measure the input voltage to said charging socket. The first current transformer is configured to measure the current flowing through the charger. The second current transformer is configured to measure the leakage current. The thermistor is configured to detect the charger temperature.
In an embodiment, said charger comprises a compact circuit board (PCB) assembly with dimensions of 100mm x 70mm configured to support internal electronics with high power density without performance degradation, wherein the circuit board enclosure has dimensions of 200mm x 150mm x 65mm.
In an embodiment, the charger monitoring module is further comprises a surge protection module configured to safeguard internal electronics and said circuit board against abrupt rise in current or voltage.
In an embodiment, the thermistor is configured to monitor and measure the ambient temperature and temperature of the circuit board (PCB).
In an embodiment, the charger monitoring module further comprises a session tracking module configured to record a first timestamp upon user authentication and a second timestamp upon completion of the charging process and generate charging sessions data and transmit said data to the server.
In an embodiment, the data analysis module implementing a machine learning model is further configured to receive and analyze the charging session data.
In an embodiment, the server further comprises a charging pattern recognition module configured to receive the analysed charging session data and determine user-specific charging patterns, preferences and recommendations and further generate and transmit a set of recommendation signals to the control unit.
In an embodiment, the smart metering module is configured to calculate the charging cost based on the utilization of the charger and further configured to generate and transmit cost-related signals to the control unit.
In an embodiment, the alerts and notification module further comprises an LCD display, at least one LED indicator, and a buzzer. The LCD display is configured to display real-time charging details including voltage, current, active power, reactive power, total power consumption, and power factor. The LED indicator is configured to provide operational feedback and visual status alerts. The buzzer is configured to provide audio alerts in response to specific fault conditions.
In an embodiment, the LED indicator is configured to provide color-coded alerts, with distinct colors representing distinct alert levels and operational states, including normal operation, user interaction, charging status, warnings, and charging completion.
In an embodiment, the system further comprises a communication module equipped with a wireless connection and a GSM chip, configured to facilitate communication between said charger and the application deployed on the user device.
In an embodiment, the communication module is further equipped with a serial port configured to enable direct dongle connection for communication in the absence of Wi-Fi connectivity.
In an embodiment, the alerts and notification module is further configured to display the charging session usage details on the LCD display wherein the alerts and notification module is operatively configured with the control unit.
In an embodiment, the alerts and notification module is further configured to generate audio-visual alerts at a designated location including the charger housing, adjacent walls, and control rooms.
In an embodiment, the control unit is further configured to send signals and generate real-time alerts, updates, and notifications on the application deployed on the user device through the communication module to communicate detected faults, charging status, system updates, availability, and relevant information about the charger and vehicle.
In an embodiment, the control unit is further configured to receive the recommendation signals and notify specific recommendations to users through the application deployed on the user device.
In an embodiment, the recommendations to users include optimal charging times and schedules determined specifically for a user based on the charger usage pattern of said user.
In an embodiment, the application is configured to enable users to select between immediate and automatic charging operations, wherein immediate charging operation initiates the charging process instantaneously and automatic charging operation allows to schedule charging operations during predefined low-tariff periods to optimize charging costs.
In an embodiment, the application is configured to enable users to select charging speeds from a set of predefined options, including slow, moderate, or fast charging, based on user-specific requirements.
In an embodiment, the application is configured to enable the users to operatively vary the threshold voltage values set for the charger monitoring module.
In an embodiment, the set of processing rules implemented by the data processing module includes normalization, standardization, feature engineering and aggregation, correlation analysis, time series analysis, and anomaly detection.
In an embodiment, the machine learning model implemented by the data analysis module is configured to be trained on historical fault-labeled data and further configured to adaptively update in real-time by learning from new data for fault detection, fault prediction, and user charging pattern recognition.
In an embodiment, the system is configured to operate in compliance with standard power supply conditions across diverse environments including residential, commercial, and industrial spaces.
In an embodiment, the system is further configured to optimize charging rates for electric vehicles within diverse environments including residential, commercial, and industrial spaces.
In an embodiment, the system further comprises a repository configured to store data related to charging operations, user-specific charging patterns, user interactions, machine learning model parameters, registered user profiles, and other operational data required for analysis and recommendations.
In an embodiment, the data captured, processed, and generated within the system is stored in the repository and the data is further accessed by the control unit.
In an embodiment, the system further comprises a relay configured to receive signals from said control unit and halt power delivery from said power supply to said charging socket through an emergency switch upon detection of specific fault conditions.
In an embodiment, the system is further configured to monitor the charging current and automatically terminate the charging process if the current falls below a predefined threshold, with the threshold value being determined based on the vehicle and battery characteristics, thereby signalling the completion of charging.
In another aspect, a parking facility having parking slots for parking vehicles, wherein at least a few slots are provided with chargers for charging of electric vehicles of users.
In an embodiment, the facility is further configured to enable the installation of a dedicated charger for each parking slot.
The present disclosure also envisages a method for charging electric vehicles, the method comprises the following steps:
• connecting, at least one RFID-enabled charging socket positioned within a charger, to a power supply;
• receiving, by the charging socket, a charging gun present at one end of an EV charging cable;
• receiving, by an authentication module, input data from a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag and authenticating a user;
• granting, by the authentication module, access to said charger by enabling the connection of the vehicle to said charging socket upon successful user authentication;
• initiating power delivery from said power supply to said charging socket;
• capturing and transmitting, by a charger monitoring module, charger parameter data, including voltage, current, temperature, and usage of the charger;
• receiving and processing, by a data processing module deployed on a server, the charger parameter data;
• analysing, by a data analysis module implementing a machine learning model, said charger parameter data;
• detecting, by a fault detection module, faults including over-voltage, over-current, leakage current, and overheating in said charger and generating fault detection signals;
• calculating, by a smart metering module, cost of charging based on charger utilisation;
• receiving, by a control unit, said signals from the server and relaying the said signals;
• receiving, by an alerts and notification module, said signals and providing real-time status updates and audio-visual alerts; and
• facilitating, by an application deployed on a user device, user interaction with said charger.
In an embodiment, the method further includes halting, by a relay, power delivery to said charging socket through an emergency switch upon completion of charging or detection of specific fault detection.
In an embodiment the method further includes facilitating, by a communication module equipped with a wireless connection and a GSM chip, communication between said charger and the application deployed on the user device.
In an embodiment the method further includes facilitating, by an application deployed on the user device, user interaction with said charger, including setting thresholds, monitoring charging operations, and receiving notifications and alerts.
In an embodiment the method further includes the steps of:
• verifying, by the charger monitoring module, the connection between the vehicle and the charging socket after a delay of a predefined time interval; and
• automatically terminating, by the control unit, the charging process in the absence of a detected increase in current.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWING
The system for charging electric vehicles, particularly RFID-enabled smart EV charging socket of the present disclosure will now be described with the help of the accompanying drawing, in which:
Figure 1 illustrates a block diagram for a system for charging electric vehicles, in accordance with one embodiment of the disclosure;
Figure 2 illustrates a charger for a system for charging electric vehicles, in accordance with one embodiment of the disclosure;
Figure 3 illustrates a block diagram for a system for charging electric vehicles, in accordance with one embodiment of the disclosure;
Figure 4 illustrates a flowchart depicting the working of a system for charging electric vehicles, in accordance with one embodiment of the disclosure; and
Figures 5A, 5B, and 5C depict a method for charging electric vehicles, in accordance with one embodiment of the disclosure.
LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS USED IN DETAILED DESCRIPTION AND DRAWING
100 System
10 User
102 RFID-Enabled Charging Socket
104 Charger
106 Power Supply
108 Charger Housing
110 Authentication Module
111a RFID scanner
111 Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Tags
112 Charger Monitoring Module
114 Server
116 Data Processing Module
118 Data Analysis Module
120 Fault Detection Module
122 Smart Metering Module
123 Charging Pattern Recognition Module
124 Control Unit
125 Repository
126 Alerts And Notification Module
12 LCD Display
14 LED Indicator
16 Buzzer
128 Application
130 User Device
132 Rectifier
134 Step-Down Converter
136 Voltage Divider
138 First Current Transformer
139 Second Current Transformer
140 Thermistor
137 Surge Protection Module
141 Session Tracking Module
142 Circuit Board (PCB)
144 Communication Module
18 Wireless Connection
20 GSM Chip
146 Relay
148 Emergency Switch
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Embodiments, of the present disclosure, will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Embodiments are provided so as to thoroughly and fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to the person skilled in the art. Numerous details are set forth, relating to specific components, and methods, to provide a complete understanding of embodiments of the present disclosure. It will be apparent to the person skilled in the art that the details provided in the embodiments should not be construed to limit the scope of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, well-known processes, well-known apparatus structures, and well-known techniques are not described in detail.
The terminology used, in the present disclosure, is only for the purpose of explaining a particular embodiment and such terminology shall not be considered to limit the scope of the present disclosure. As used in the present disclosure, the forms "a,” "an," and "the" may be intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly suggests otherwise. The terms “including,” and “having,” are open-ended transitional phrases and therefore specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not forbid the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. The particular order of steps disclosed in the method and process of the present disclosure is not to be construed as necessarily requiring their performance as described or illustrated. It is also to be understood that additional or alternative steps may be employed.
When an element is referred to as being “engaged to,” "connected to," or "coupled to" another element, it may be directly engaged, connected, or coupled to the other element. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed elements.
The rapid global adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) has created an urgent need for efficient and reliable charging infrastructure. However, current EV chargers face significant challenges, including their bulky design, which complicates installation in residential areas and confined spaces, limiting accessibility. Additionally, many chargers lack robust safety features, leaving both the equipment and vehicles vulnerable to electrical malfunctions. Despite their high cost, these chargers often fail to include advanced predictive fault detection, leading to increased maintenance expenses, extended downtime, and inconvenience for users.
To address the issues of the existing systems and methods, in accordance with one aspect of the present disclosure, there is disclosed a system for charging electric vehicles, particularly RFID-enabled smart EV charging socket (hereinafter referred to as system (100). In accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure, the system (100) is a compact, interactive, secure, portable, and cost-effective charger. The system (100) can achieve a 99% efficiency rate along with a 25% cost reduction compared to existing electric vehicle chargers. This system (100) features a charging system that can be equipped with machine-learning models designed to detect and predict common faults. Additionally, it can be integrated with web and mobile applications, enabling user interaction, monitoring, and control. The system (100) will now be described with reference to Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, and Figure 4.
Referring to Figure 1, Figure 2, and Figure 3 the system (100) for charging electric vehicles (100) comprises at least one RFID-enabled charging socket (102), an authentication module (110), a charger monitoring module (112), a server (114), a control unit (124), an alerts and notification module (126), and an application (128). The system (100) for charging electric vehicles operates by utilizing the RFID-enabled charging socket (102) positioned within a charger (104), wherein the charging socket (102) is connected to a power supply (106). The authentication module (110) authenticates the user through data received from an RFID tag (111), granting access to the charger (104) and enabling the vehicle’s connection to the charging socket (102). The charger monitoring module (112) continuously captures charger parameter data and transmits it to the server (114). The server (114) comprises a data processing module (116), a data analysis module (118), a fault detection module (120), and a smart metering module (122). The data processing module (116) processes this data and analyzes it using the data analysis module (118), which employs a trained machine learning model. The fault detection module (120) identifies charger (104) faults and generates fault detection signals, while the smart metering module (122) calculates the charging cost based on charger utilization. The control unit (124) receives the signals from the server (114) and relays the signals further to the alerts and notification module (126) provides real-time status updates and audio-visual alerts. The application (128) deployed on a user device (130) allows users to interact with the charger (104), set thresholds, monitor charging, and receive alerts. Additionally, the system (100) includes a rectifier (132) to convert AC to DC and a step-down converter (134) to regulate the voltage, ensuring efficient power conversion. Various components, including the charger (104), authentication module (110), charger monitoring module (112), control unit (124), and alerts and notification module (126), are housed within a housing (108).
In an embodiment of the system (100), the authentication module (110) is configured to uniquely pair an RFID tag (111) with at least one charger (104), ensuring that the RFID tag (111) becomes inoperative for chargers (104) that are not paired with it, enhancing security and limiting access to authorized charging points.
In another embodiment, the authentication module (110) is configured to authorize a single user (10) with a unique RFID tag (111), granting them exclusive access to at least one charger (104) for vehicle charging.
In another embodiment, the authentication module (110) is configured to authorize multiple users (10) with a single RFID tag (111), enabling access to at least one charger (104), which may be beneficial in shared or communal charging environments.
In another embodiment, the authentication module (110) can be installed either inside the charger housing (108) or on an adjacent surface, such as a wall or pole, offering flexibility. This allows the system to be adapted to different physical environments or installation requirements, making it easier to integrate the authentication module into a variety of charging station configurations.
In an embodiment, the authentication module (110) is configured to receive user input data from various authentication devices. These devices may include radio frequency identification (RFID) tags (111), biometric scanners, near-field communication (NFC) interfaces, or QR code readers. The module (110) is further configured to authenticate the user based on the data received from the RFID tag (111). When the RFID tag is presented, the authentication module reads the unique identification data stored on the tag. It then compares this data with a pre-registered data of authorized users. Upon authentication, the charging process is initiated. If the data does not match or is absent, access is denied, ensuring that only authorized users can use the charging system.
In an embodiment, the charger monitoring module (112) is configured to continuously monitor and measure key parameters related to the charger (104) and its operation. This includes monitoring the input voltage supplied to the charging socket (102), measuring the current flowing through the charger (104), detecting leakage current, and tracking the charger (104) temperature. These measurements ensure the safe and efficient operation of the charging system by providing real-time data about its performance and condition.
In a preferred embodiment, the charger monitoring module (112) comprises various components to monitor these parameters. It includes at least one voltage divider (136) that measures the input voltage to the charging socket (102), ensuring that the voltage supplied is within the proper range. To measure the current flowing through the charger (104), the system uses at least one first current transformer (138). Additionally, it is equipped with at least one second current transformer (139) to detect any leakage current, which could indicate potential safety issues. Finally, a thermistor (140) is used to monitor the temperature of the charger (104) and the ambient temperature, preventing overheating or thermal damage. The charger monitoring module (112) tracks critical operational parameters, ensures the system operates safely and efficiently.
In an embodiment, the charger monitoring module (112) uses a current transformer (138) to measure the current flowing through the charger (104). If the current exceeds a predefined threshold value which can be set to 18A in a particular scenario, the control unit (124) triggers the relay (146) to disconnect the power supply (106). This protects the charger’s internal electronics and ensures system reliability, with additional feedback provided to the user through the alerts and notification module (126).
In another embodiment, the system (100) incorporates a high-precision current transformer (139) in the charger monitoring module (112) to detect leakage current, here the current is amplified for precise measurement. In a scenario, when the leakage current exceeds a threshold of 30mA, the control unit (124) disconnects the power supply (106) using the relay (146) and triggers the buzzer (16) and LED indicator (14) for user notification. This ensures safety in diverse environments, particularly those prone to improper grounding or moisture exposure.
In an embodiment, the charger monitoring module (112) employs a thermistor (140) to monitor the temperature of the charger (104) to prevent overheating. The thermistor readings are analyzed and if the temperature surpasses a user-defined threshold, charging is halted. The alerts and notification module (126) informs the user through the buzzer (16) and LED indicator (14), ensuring operational safety and the longevity of the system components.
In an embodiment, the charger (104) comprises a compact circuit board (PCB) assembly (142) with dimensions of 100mm x 70mm configured to support internal electronics with high power density without performance degradation, wherein the circuit board enclosure has dimensions of 200mm x 150mm x 65mm.
In another embodiment, the charger monitoring module (112) further comprises a surge protection module (137) configured to safeguard internal electronics and said circuit board (142) against abrupt rise in current or voltage.
In an embodiment, the thermistor (140) is configured to monitor and measure the ambient temperature and temperature of the circuit board (PCB) (142).
In another embodiment, the charger monitoring module (112) includes a session tracking module (141) that is responsible for recording the start and end of each charging session. Upon user authentication, the session tracking module (141) logs a first timestamp, marking the beginning of the charging process. A second timestamp is logged once the charging is complete, signaling the end of the session. This session data, including the duration and timing of the charging process, is then transmitted to the server (114) for further analysis. By tracking these timestamps, the system can gather detailed data on charging sessions and monitor user charging patterns over time.
In another embodiment, the data analysis module (118), which implements a machine learning model, is further configured to receive and analyze the charging session data provided by the session tracking module (141). Additionally, the server (114) includes a charging pattern recognition module (123) that processes the analyzed session data to identify user-specific charging patterns, and preferences. Based on these insights, the recognition module (123) generates personalized recommendations, which are transmitted to the control unit (124) to provide tailored suggestions to the user, such as optimal charging times or cost-saving tips.
In another embodiment, the smart metering module (122) is configured to calculate the charging cost based on the utilization of the charger (104) and further configured to generate and transmit cost-related signals to the control unit (124).
In an embodiment, the alerts and notification module (126) is configured to enhance user interaction and provide comprehensive feedback on the charging process. It includes an LCD display (12), which is configured to present real-time charging parameters such as voltage, current, active power, reactive power, total power consumption, and power factor, offering users immediate insight into the operational status of the charger. Additionally, the system incorporates at least one LED indicator (14), which serves as a visual feedback mechanism, providing real-time status updates and operational alerts. A buzzer (16) is also included, delivering audible notifications in response to specific fault conditions, ensuring that users are promptly informed of any issues that may arise during the charging process.
In an embodiment, the alerts and notification module (126) incorporates an LED indicator (14) to provide real-time, color-coded visual feedback to users about the charger’s operational status and alert conditions. The LED indicator (14) provides alerts with distinct colors representing operational states and alert levels, ensuring easy interpretation of the charger’s state of operation. For instance, green indicates the charger is ready for use and in a healthy condition, while orange signals the detection of an RFID tag for user authentication. During active charging, the LED displays red, whereas a blinking red serves as a warning or alarm indicator in fault conditions such as overcurrent or overheating. Upon completion of the charging process, a blinking green notifies users that the charging cycle has ended.
In an embodiment, the system (100) is equipped with a communication module (144) that includes a wireless connection (18) and a GSM chip (20), enabling seamless communication between the charger (104) and the application (128) installed on the user device (130). This wireless connectivity ensures that users can remotely monitor and control the charging process, receive notifications, and interact with the charger from their mobile devices or other connected devices, providing a convenient and integrated user experience.
In another embodiment, the communication module (144) is further equipped with a serial port, which allows for direct dongle connection in scenarios where Wi-Fi connectivity is unavailable or unreliable. This ensures that communication between the charger (104) and the user device (130) can still be maintained through an alternative wired connection, enhancing the system’s versatility and reliability, particularly in environments with limited wireless infrastructure.
In an embodiment, the alerts and notification module (126) is further display charging session usage details on the LCD display (12) The alerts and notification module (126) is operatively configured with the control unit (124). This allows users to view the usage, cost, and relevant details of their charging session in real-time.
In another embodiment, the alerts and notification module (126) is configured to generate audio-visual alerts at various designated locations, such as within the charger housing (108), on adjacent walls, or in control rooms. These alerts are essential for notifying personnel or users about important events, such as faults, system updates, or other operational states that require attention.
In another embodiment, the control unit (124) is configured to send real-time alerts, updates, and notifications to the user’s device (130) on the application (128) through the communication module (114). These notifications inform users about charging status, detected faults, system updates, charger availability, and other relevant information related to both the charger and the vehicle, keeping users informed throughout the charging process.
In a further embodiment, the control unit (124) is configured to receive recommendation signals and communicate personalized recommendations to users (10) through the application (128) on their device (130). These recommendations can include suggestions for optimal charging times and schedules, which are tailored specifically to each user (10) based on their charging patterns and usage history. This personalized approach helps users make more efficient use of the charging infrastructure and potentially reduce energy costs.
In an embodiment, the application (128) is configured to provide users with the flexibility to select between two charging operation modes: immediate and automatic. The immediate charging operation initiates the charging process instantly, allowing users to begin charging as soon as they connect their vehicle to the charger. In contrast, the automatic charging operation enables users to schedule charging during predefined low-tariff periods, optimizing charging costs by taking advantage of times when electricity rates are lower.
In another embodiment, the application (128) offers users the ability to select from a range of charging speeds, including slow, moderate, or fast charging, depending on their specific needs. This feature allows users to tailor the charging process to their preferences, whether they require a faster charge for immediate use or a slower, more energy-efficient charge when time is not a constraint.
In another embodiment, the application (128) is configured to enable users to variably adjust the threshold voltage values set for the charger monitoring module (112). This gives users control over the operational limits of the charger, allowing them to fine-tune charging parameters to suit particular requirements or optimize performance based on specific charging conditions.
In another embodiment, the application (128) enhances user interaction and operational transparency by delivering real-time notifications and alerts directly to the user device (130). These notifications include essential updates such as the current charging status, ensuring users remain informed about the progress of their vehicle's charging session, whether it is ongoing, completed, or delayed. In addition, the application provides immediate alerts in the event of fault conditions, such as over/under voltage, overcurrent, leakage current, or over-temperature situations, allowing users to take prompt action to prevent damage to the vehicle or charger. System updates, such as firmware enhancements or maintenance requirements, can also be communicated through the application, ensuring the charger remains up-to-date and optimally functional. The application centralizes and delivers all critical information in real-time.
In another embodiment, the application (128) provides users with an advanced level of control over their charging operations by enabling them to vary the threshold voltage values of the charger monitoring module (112). This feature is particularly beneficial in environments with fluctuating power conditions, such as offices near receiving stations or regions with inconsistent voltage supplies. Through the application's intuitive interface, users can dynamically adjust the minimum and maximum voltage thresholds to suit the specific requirements of their location. This customization minimizes false tripping caused by voltage variations and ensures uninterrupted charging operations. For instance, if a user notices frequent interruptions due to minor voltage fluctuations outside the default thresholds, they can modify these limits directly through the app to better accommodate their local power supply conditions.
In an embodiment, the data processing module (116) implements a comprehensive set of processing rules to process charger parameter data. These rules include techniques such as normalization and standardization to scale data, feature engineering and aggregation to enhance the dataset, and correlation analysis to identify relationships between variables. Time series analysis is employed to examine data trends over time, while anomaly detection is used to identify outliers or unusual patterns in the data, ensuring that the system can detect potential issues early and accurately.
In another embodiment, the machine learning model implemented by the data analysis module (118) is trained on historical fault-labeled data, allowing it to learn from past fault occurrences and patterns. The model is also configured to adaptively update in real-time, continuously learning from new incoming data. This real-time learning enables the system to improve its ability to detect and predict faults, as well as recognize user-specific charging patterns, thereby enhancing fault detection accuracy, predicting future failures, and personalizing charging recommendations based on historical user behavior
In another embodiment, the data analysis module (118) is configured to analyze historical and real-time data to determine user-specific charging patterns using a machine learning model. The system (100) operates by employing a combination of hardware components and an advanced machine learning model within the data analysis module (118) to analyze user-specific charging patterns and provide intelligent recommendations. The process begins with user authentication using an RFID tag (111) through the authentication module (110). Upon successful authentication, the charger monitoring module (112) records the initial timestamp. Once charging is complete, another timestamp is recorded. These timestamps, along with historical charging data stored in the repository (125) which is processed by the machine learning model in the data analysis module (118). This model identifies user-specific charging patterns, such as preferred charging times and durations. Over time, the model is refined through adaptive learning as it incorporates additional real-time data, thereby improving predictive accuracy. Based on the detected patterns, the system generates personalized recommendations for optimal charging schedules or times, such as off-peak periods to reduce costs. These recommendations are communicated to the user via the application (128) installed on a user device (130).
In an embodiment, the system (100) is configured to operate in compliance with standard power supply conditions across a wide range of environments, including residential, commercial, and industrial spaces. This ensures that the system can function effectively and safely, regardless of the specific electrical infrastructure available in each setting, making it versatile and adaptable to various installation scenarios.
In another embodiment, the system (100) is further configured to optimize charging rates for electric vehicles depending on the specific environment in which it operates. Whether in residential, commercial, or industrial settings, the system can adjust its charging parameters to align with local electrical load conditions and energy tariffs, ensuring efficient use of power and cost-effective charging for users in diverse environments. This optimization helps providing users with the most efficient and economical charging experience.
In an embodiment, the system (100) includes a repository (125) configured to store a wide array of data essential for analysis and system operation. This repository holds information such as charging operations data, user-specific charging patterns, user interaction data, machine learning model parameters, registered user profiles, and other operational data necessary for generating insights and recommendations. The repository serves as a central storage point, ensuring that all relevant data is securely stored and available for reference and analysis.
In a further embodiment, the data captured, processed, and generated within the system (100) is stored in the repository (125) and is accessible by the control unit (124). This access allows the control unit (124) to retrieve and utilize historical and real-time data to manage the charging process, adjust system settings, and generate alerts or recommendations accordingly. This ensures that the system can operate efficiently, make data-driven decisions, and continually improve based on user and operational data
In an embodiment, the system (100) includes a relay (146) that receives signals from the control unit (124) and is responsible for halting power delivery from the power supply (106) to the charging socket (102) in the event of specific fault conditions. The relay is integrated with an emergency switch (148), which allows the system to quickly disconnect power, preventing further damage or safety risks when a fault is detected. This protective feature enhances the overall safety of the charging process by ensuring that power is cut off immediately if a fault is identified.
In another embodiment, the system (100) is configured to monitor the charging current in real-time and automatically terminate the charging process if the current drops below a predefined threshold. The threshold value is dynamically determined based on the characteristics of the vehicle and its battery, ensuring that the charging process is completed only when optimal charging conditions are met. Once the current reaches this threshold, the system recognizes the charging session as complete, preventing overcharging and optimizing the overall charging efficiency.
In another aspect, there is disclosed a parking facility (300) to accommodate vehicles, where specific parking slots are equipped with chargers (104) for electric vehicle charging. These chargers (104) are integrated into the parking slots, providing users (10) with a convenient solution for recharging their electric vehicles while parked in the facility. This setup ensures that users can easily access charging infrastructure while utilizing the parking space for their vehicles.
In another embodiment, the parking facility (300) is configured to enable the installation of a dedicated charger (104) at each parking slot. This arrangement allows every parking space to have its own charging station, enhancing the convenience and accessibility of the charging process. Users (10) can park their vehicles and charge them in designated spots without the need to share charging stations, improving overall efficiency and ensuring a seamless charging experience within the facility.
Figure 4 illustrates a flowchart depicting the working of a system for charging electric vehicles in accordance with one embodiment of the disclosure. The system (100) is configured to first check the readiness and status of the charger and charging facility by reading key parameters including voltage, current, active, reactive power, total power consumption, power factor, battery percentage, estimated range, charging time, and estimated cost of charging. If the charger status indicates that the charger is ready to operate, then the authentication module (110) is configured to obtain RFID input through the RFID scanner (111a) in order to authenticate the user. Once the user is determined to be an authorized user, the charging is initiated with power delivery from socket (102) to the vehicle. If the user is detected as unauthorized, he or she is denied access to charging with no power supply from the charging facility. When the user plugs a charging gun into the charging socket (102), the charger (104) is configured to initially wait for a predefined time interval, before beginning the charging procedure. This ensures that an electric vehicle is safely connected to the charger (104) through the charging socket (102). If the user, turns ON the charger without connecting it to the electric vehicle, there is no supply of current and the charging is cut off. When the charging is near completion, the current drawn falls below a predefined threshold value depending on the vehicle and the battery condition. The charger (104) is configured to continuously monitor the current drawn and when the current falls below this predefined threshold value, the system (100) starts signalling the end of completion of charging. Once the electric vehicle battery is completely charged the system (100) automatically stops the charging process. In case any faults are detected while the charging is in progress, the power supply (106) between the charger (104) and the electric vehicle is cut off and the buzzer (16) and LED indicator (14) generates audio-visual alerts. Following this a system health monitoring can be conducted, if the system is found to have issues then such issues can be manually resolved.
In accordance with another aspect of the present disclosure, there is disclosed a method for charging electric vehicles (hereinafter referred to as method (200), and the method (200) will be described with reference to Figures 5A, 5B and 5C.
Figures 5A, 5B and 5C depict the steps involved in a method (200) for charging electric vehicles, particularly RFID-enabled smart EV charging socket. The order in which method 200 is described is not intended to be construed as a limitation, and any number of the described method steps may be combined in any order to implement method 200, or an alternative method. Furthermore, method 200 may be implemented by processing resource or computing device(s) through any suitable hardware, non-transitory machine-readable medium/instructions, or a combination thereof. The method 200 comprises the following steps:
At step 202, the method (200) includes connecting, at least one RFID-enabled charging socket (102) positioned within a charger, to a power supply.
At step 204, the method (200) includes receiving, by the charging socket (102), a charging gun present at one end of an EV charging cable.
At step 206, the method (200) includes receiving, by an authentication module (110), input data from a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag (111) and authenticating a user (10).
At step 208, the method (200) includes granting, by the authentication module (110), access to said charger (104) by enabling the connection of the vehicle to said charging socket (102) upon successful user authentication.
At step 210, the method (200) includes initiating power delivery from said power supply (106) to said charging socket (102).
At step 212, the method (200) includes capturing and transmitting, by a charger monitoring module (112), charger parameter data, including voltage, current, temperature, and usage of the charger (104).
At step 214, the method (200) includes receiving and processing, by a data processing module (116) deployed on a server (114), the charger parameter data.
At step 216, the method (200) includes analysing, by a data analysis module (118) implementing a machine learning model (114), said charger parameter data.
At step 218, the method (200) includes detecting, by a fault detection module (120), faults including over-voltage, over-current, leakage current, and overheating in said charger (104) and generating fault detection signals.
At step 220, the method (200) includes calculating, by a smart metering module (122), cost of charging based on charger (104) utilization.
At step 222, the method (200) includes receiving, by a control unit (124), said signals from the server (114) and relaying the said signals.
At step 224, the method (200) includes receiving, by an alerts and notification module (126), said signals and providing real-time status updates and audio-visual alerts.
At step 226, the method (200) includes facilitating, by an application (128) deployed on a user device (130), user interaction with said charger (104).
In an embodiment, the method (200) further includes the step of halting, by a relay (146), power delivery to said charging socket (102) through an emergency switch (148) upon completion of charging or detection of specific fault detection.
In an embodiment, the method (200) further includes the step of facilitating, by a communication module (114) equipped with a wireless connection (18) and a GSM chip (20), communication between said charger (104) and the application (128) deployed on the user device (130).
In an embodiment, the method (200) further includes the step of facilitating, by an application (128) deployed on the user device (130), user interaction with said charger (104), including setting thresholds, monitoring charging operations, and receiving notifications and alerts.
In an embodiment, the method (200) further includes the steps of:
• verifying, by the charger monitoring module (112), the connection between the vehicle and the charging socket (102) after a delay of a predefined time interval; and
• automatically terminating, by the control unit (124), the charging process in the absence of a detected increase in current.
In another embodiment of the disclosure, the charger (104) is configured to withstand rigorous operation including continuous operation of up to 12 hours on full load and continuous ON and OFF cycles of up to 10000 cycles, without any performance degradation.
The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or codes on a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope and spirit of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described above can be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations.
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for purposes of illustration and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Individual components of a particular embodiment are generally not limited to that particular embodiment but are interchangeable. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the present disclosure, and all such modifications are considered to be within the scope of the present disclosure.
TECHNICAL ADVANCEMENTS
The present disclosure described herein above has several technical advantages including, but not limited to, the realization of a system for charging electric vehicles, particularly RFID-enabled smart EV charging socket that:
• analyses charging patterns to monitor and evaluate user charging behaviours;
• predicts user preferences based on charging patterns to adapt to individual user charging habits;
• provides an extremely and substantially compact charger design compared to existing chargers with high-power density;
• offers a practical charging solution for space-constrained urban environments;
• optimizes charging schedules to improve user convenience and cost-effectiveness.
• ensures comprehensive charging safety under diverse temperature, voltage, and environmental conditions;
• provides a durable, robust, and resilient charging installation, that can withstand operational stress and frequent use;
• provides mechanisms for comprehensive protection including fault detection, prevention, and mitigation;
• provides real-time status updates and warnings to communicate current charging status and alerts to the user; and
• offers scalability with a compact form factor to accommodate future expansion.
The embodiments herein and the various features and advantageous details thereof are explained with reference to the non-limiting embodiments in the following description. Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the embodiments herein. The examples used herein are intended merely to facilitate an understanding of ways in which the embodiments herein may be practiced and to further enable those of skill in the art to practice the embodiments herein. Accordingly, the examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the embodiments herein.
The foregoing description of the specific embodiments so fully reveals the general nature of the embodiments herein that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily modify and/or adapt for various applications such specific embodiments without departing from the generic concept, and, therefore, such adaptations and modifications should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments. It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. Therefore, while the embodiments herein have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments herein can be practiced with modification within the spirit and scope of the embodiments as described herein.
The use of the expression “at least” or “at least one” suggests the use of one or more elements or ingredients or quantities, as the use may be in the embodiment of the disclosure to achieve one or more of the desired objects or results.
While considerable emphasis has been placed herein on the components and component parts of the preferred embodiments, it will be appreciated that many embodiments can be made and that many changes can be made in the preferred embodiments without departing from the principles of the disclosure. These and other changes in the preferred embodiment as well as other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein, whereby it is to be distinctly understood that the foregoing descriptive matter is to be interpreted merely as illustrative of the disclosure and not as a limitation.
,CLAIMS:WE CLAIM:
1. A system (100) for charging electric vehicles, said system (100) comprising:
• at least one RFID-enabled charging socket (102) configured to receive a charging gun and positioned within a charger (104), wherein the charging socket (102) is connected to a power supply (106) and the charging gun is one of the two charging guns present at each end of an EV charging cable;
• an authentication module (110) configured to receive user input data from a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag (111), and further configured to authenticate the user (10) and grant access to said charger (104) by enabling the connection of the vehicle to said charging socket (102);
• a charger monitoring module (112) configured to capture and transmit charger parameter data;
• a server (114) comprising:
o a data processing module (116) configured to receive and process said charger parameter data by implementing a set of processing rules;
o a data analysis module (118) implementing a trained machine learning model configured to analyse said processed charger parameter data;
o a fault detection module (120) configured to receive said analysed charger parameter data and detect faults in said charger (104), and further configured to generate and transmit fault detection signals; and
o a smart metering module (122) configured to receive said analysed charger parameter data and calculate the charging cost based on the utilization of the charger (104);
• a control unit (124) configured to receive signals from said server and further configured to relay said signals;
• an alerts and notification module (126) configured to receive signals from said control unit (124) and provide real-time status updates and audio-visual alerts; and
• an application (128) deployed on a user device (130) configured to facilitate user interaction with said charger (104), including setting thresholds, monitoring charging operations, and receiving notifications and alerts;
wherein the charger (104), the authentication module (110), the charger monitoring module (112), the control unit (124), and the alerts and notification module (126) are positioned in a housing (108).
2. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the system (100) further comprises:
• a rectifier (132) configured to convert alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC); and
• a step-down converter (134) configured to lower high input voltage to a usable output voltage.
3. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the authentication module (110) is further configured to receive user input data from at least one authentication device selected from a group consisting of radio frequency identification (RFID) tags (111), biometric scanners, near-field communication (NFC) interfaces, and QR code readers and further configured to authenticate a user based on the received user input data.
4. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the charger monitoring module (112) comprises a surge protection module (137) configured to safeguard internal electronics and said circuit board (142) against abrupt rise in current or voltage.
5. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the charger monitoring module (112) further comprises a session tracking module (141) configured to record a first timestamp upon user authentication and a second timestamp upon completion of the charging process and generate charging sessions data and transmit said data to the server (114).
6. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the data analysis module (118) implementing a machine learning model is further configured to receive and analyze the charging session data.
7. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the server (114) comprises a charging pattern recognition module (123) configured to receive analysed charging session data, determine user-specific charging patterns, preferences, and recommendations, and generate a set of recommendation signals including optimal charging times and schedules determined specifically for a user (10) based on the charger usage pattern of said user (10); and wherein the control unit (124) is configured to receive said recommendation signals and notify specific recommendations to users (10) via an application (128) deployed on a user device (130).The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the smart metering module (122) is configured to calculate the charging cost based on the utilization of the charger (104) and further configured to generate and transmit cost-related signals to the control unit (124).
8. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the alerts and notification module (126) further comprises:
• an LCD display (12), configured to display real-time charging details including voltage, current, active power, reactive power, total power consumption, and power factor;
• at least one LED indicator (14), configured to provide operational feedback and visual status alerts; and
• a buzzer (16) configured to provide audio alerts in response to specific fault conditions.
9. The system as claimed in claim 8, wherein the LED indicator (14) is configured to provide color-coded alerts, with distinct colors representing distinct alert levels and operational states, including normal operation, user interaction, charging status, warnings, and charging completion.
10. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the system (100) further comprises a communication module (144) equipped with a wireless connection (18) and a GSM chip (20), configured to facilitate communication between said charger (104) and the application (128) deployed on the user device (130), wherein the communication module (114) is further equipped with a serial port configured to enable direct dongle connection for communication in the absence of Wi-Fi connectivity.
11. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the alerts and notification module (126) is further configured to display the charging session usage details on the LCD display (12) wherein the alerts and notification module (126) is operatively configured with the control unit (124).
12. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the alerts and notification module (126) is further configured to generate audio-visual alerts at a designated location including the charger housing (108), adjacent walls, and control rooms.
13. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control unit (124) is further configured to send signals and generate real-time alerts, updates, and notifications on the application (128) deployed on the user device (130) through the communication module (114), to communicate detected faults, charging status, system updates, availability, and relevant information about the charger and vehicle.
14. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the application (128) is configured to enable users to select between immediate and automatic charging operations, wherein immediate charging operation initiates the charging process instantaneously and automatic charging operation allows to schedule charging operations during predefined low-tariff periods to optimize charging costs.
15. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the application (128) is configured to enable users to select charging speeds from a set of predefined options, including slow, moderate, or fast charging, based on user-specific requirements.
16. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the application (128) is configured to enable the users to operatively vary the threshold voltage values set for the charger monitoring module (112).
17. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the machine learning model implemented by the data analysis module (118) is configured to be trained on historical fault-labeled data and further configured to adaptively update in real-time by learning from new data for fault detection, fault prediction, and user charging pattern recognition.
18. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the system (100) is further configured to optimize charging rates for electric vehicles within diverse environments including residential, commercial, and industrial spaces.
19. A method (200) for charging electric vehicles, said method (200) comprises the following steps:
• connecting, at least one RFID-enabled charging socket (102) positioned within a charger, to a power supply;
• receiving, by the charging socket (102), a charging gun present at one end of an EV charging cable;
• receiving, by an authentication module (110), input data from a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag (111) and authenticating a user (10);
• granting, by the authentication module (110), access to said charger (104) by enabling the connection of the vehicle to said charging socket (102) upon successful user authentication;
• initiating power delivery from said power supply (106) to said charging socket (102);
• capturing and transmitting, by a charger monitoring module (112), charger parameter data, including voltage, current, temperature, and usage of the charger (104);
• receiving and processing, by a data processing module (116) deployed on a server (114), the charger parameter data;
• analysing, by a data analysis module (118) implementing a machine learning model (114), said charger parameter data;
• detecting, by a fault detection module (120), faults including over-voltage, over-current, leakage current, and overheating in said charger (104) and generating fault detection signals;
• calculating, by a smart metering module (122), cost of charging based on charger (104) utilisation;
• receiving, by a control unit (124), said signals from the server (114) and relaying the said signals;
• receiving, by an alerts and notification module (126), said signals and providing real-time status updates and audio-visual alerts; and
• facilitating, by an application (128) deployed on a user device (130), user interaction with said charger (104).
20. The method (200) as claimed in claim 19, wherein the method (200) further includes:
• facilitating, by a communication module (114) equipped with a wireless connection (18) and a GSM chip (20), communication between said charger (104) and the application (128) deployed on the user device (130).
21. The method (200) as claimed in claim 19, wherein the method (200) further includes:
• facilitating, by an application (128) deployed on the user device (130), user interaction with said charger (104), including setting thresholds, monitoring charging operations, and receiving notifications and alerts.
22. The method (200) as claimed in claim 19, wherein the method (200) further includes:
• verifying, by the charger monitoring module (112), the connection between the vehicle and the charging socket (102) after a delay of a predefined time interval; and
• automatically terminating, by the control unit (124), the charging process in the absence of a detected increase in current.

Dated this 16th day of July, 2025

_______________________________
MOHAN RAJKUMAR DEWAN, IN/PA – 25
OF R. K. DEWAN & CO.
AUTHORIZED AGENT OF APPLICANT

TO,
THE CONTROLLER OF PATENTS
THE PATENT OFFICE, MUMBAI