DESC:FIELD
The present disclosure relates to the field of electrical engineering domain. More particularly, focuses on power distribution for high-rise buildings.
DEFINITION
As used in the present disclosure, the following terms are generally intended to have the meaning as set forth below, except to the extent that the context in which they are used indicates otherwise.
Substation: The term "substation" refers to a facility within a power distribution system configured to manage and distribute electrical energy. In the present disclosure, substations are strategically placed within high-rise buildings to ensure localized power distribution. They house essential components such as transformers, circuit breakers, and power distribution units, enabling efficient voltage step-down and delivery of power to end-users. The dual-substation configuration improves reliability and reduces voltage losses across the building.
Automated Meter Reading (AMR) Units: The term "automated meter reading (AMR) units" refers to electronic devices integrated into substations for real-time monitoring and recording of electricity consumption. These units eliminate the need for manual readings, transmitting accurate data to a centralized control unit. AMR units enable efficient energy management, fault detection, and load optimization, ensuring a reliable and cost-effective power distribution system.
Fire-Retardant Low-Smoke (FRLS) Cables: The term "fire-retardant low-smoke (FRLS) cables" refers to specialized electrical cables configured to minimize fire propagation and emit low smoke in case of a fire. In this disclosure, FRLS cables connect substations to power distribution units, ensuring safe vertical power transmission within high-rise buildings. These cables enhance safety and comply with stringent fire protection standards.
Dry-Type Transformer: The term "dry-type transformer" refers to an air-cooled transformer used for stepping down high-voltage electricity to low-voltage levels suitable for end-users. Located within substations, dry-type transformers eliminate the need for insulating oil, reducing fire risks and maintenance requirements. These transformers are ideal for high-rise buildings due to their safety and efficiency.
Low-Tension (LT) Switchgear: The term "low-tension (LT) switchgear" refers to electrical equipment used to control, protect, and isolate low-voltage circuits. In the present system, LT switchgear connects to dry-type transformers and distributes stepped-down power to various levels of the building. It includes circuit breakers and protective relays to ensure operational safety and prevent faults.
Fire Suppression Barriers: The term "fire suppression barriers" refers to physical structures integrated into the vertical containment assembly to prevent the spread of fire. These barriers safeguard critical components such as FRLS cables and substations, enhancing overall fire safety within the building's power distribution system.
Harmonic Filters: The term "harmonic filters" refers to devices integrated into the high-tension (HT) and low-tension (LT) switchgear network to mitigate harmonic distortions caused by non-linear loads. These filters improve power quality, protect sensitive equipment, and ensure compliance with safety standards, making them essential for high-rise power systems.
High-Tension (HT) and Low-Tension (LT) Switchgear Network: The term "high-tension (HT) and low-tension (LT) switchgear network" refers to a combination of electrical equipment configured to manage power flow at different voltage levels. The HT switchgear handles high-voltage power from the grid, while the LT switchgear distributes stepped-down voltage to end-users. This network is the backbone of the power distribution system, ensuring efficient and safe energy delivery across the building.
The above definitions are in addition to those expressed in the art.
BACKGROUND
The background information herein below relates to the present disclosure but is not necessarily prior art.
High-rise buildings, especially those in densely populated urban areas, face unique challenges in power distribution. Conventional power distribution methods typically rely on ground-level or basement substations, which require significant amounts of valuable space that could be utilized for other purposes. These methods also pose challenges in efficiently transmitting power vertically through a building. The extensive vertical distance between the power source and end-users can lead to voltage drops and increased power losses, necessitating robust safety measures and efficient distribution solutions.
Urban developers and consumers continuously demand more effective use of space and improved reliability in power supply for high-rise buildings. High-rise buildings require advanced safety measures, including fire-retardant low-smoke cables, robust protective earthing practices, and reliable metering and monitoring systems. These measures are essential to maintaining power quality and minimizing risks to occupants.
Therefore, there is a need for a system for an integrated power distribution for high-rise buildings that alleviates the aforementioned drawbacks.
OBJECTS
Some of the objects of the present disclosure, which at least one embodiment herein satisfies, are as follows:
It is an object of the present disclosure to ameliorate one or more problems of the prior art or to at least provide a useful alternative.
An object of the present disclosure is to provide a system for an integrated power distribution for high-rise buildings.
Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a system that reduces infrastructure costs by optimizing space and minimizing the need for extensive ground-level installations.
Still another object of the present disclosure is to provide a system that simplifies the power distribution process, reducing installation and maintenance time.
Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide a system that reduces the risk of fire hazards and electrical failures.
Still another object of the present disclosure is to provide a system that ensures a continuous power supply and accurate billing.
Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide a system that minimizes energy losses and integrates sustainable energy solutions.
Still another object of the present disclosure is to provide a system that allows for easy upgrades and integration of future technologies.
Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide a system that ensures a consistent and high-quality power supply, contributing to a better living and working environment for occupants.
Still another object of the present disclosure is to provide a system that reduces the likelihood of power outages and disruptions, which is crucial for maintaining the comfort and productivity of building occupants.
Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide a system that ensures that the building’s power distribution infrastructure can evolve with changing technological advancements and energy demands, protecting long-term investment.
Other objects and advantages of the present disclosure will be more apparent from the following description, which is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.

SUMMARY
The present disclosure provides a system for integrated power distribution in high-rise buildings, the system comprising: at least one high-tension (HT) and low-tension (LT) switchgear, a plurality of substations, a vertical containment assembly, an automated meter reading (AMR) unit, and a dual-source metering unit.
At Least one high-tension (HT) and low-tension (LT) switchgear network is electrically connected to a power input source and configured to manage and distribute electrical power at multiple levels within a building.
The plurality of substations is installed at predefined levels in the building. Each substation comprising:
• at least one dry-type transformer electrically connected to the HT and LT switchgear to step down the voltage for localized power distribution;
• circuit breakers electrically connected to the dry-type transformer to isolate and protect downstream electrical circuits; and
• power distribution units electrically connected to the circuit breakers for controller delivery of the electrical power to end users;
The vertical containment assembly is mechanically integrated into the building’s structure, housing fire-retardant low-smoke (FRLS) cables electrically connected to the power distribution units and configured to transmit power from the substations.
The automated meter reading (AMR) unit is electrically connected to each substation to monitor and transmit real-time electricity consumption data.
The dual-source metering unit is electrically connected to both primary and backup power sources and configured to enable seamless switching between the primary and backup power sources through automatic transfer switches (ATS).
In an embodiment, the plurality of the substations includes:
• a primary substation located on a ground floor and electrically connected to the building's incoming power supply, the primary substation configured to supply power to lower floors (Tier-I);
• a secondary substation located on a mid-floor and electrically connected to the primary substation via the FRLS cables, the secondary substation configured to supply power to upper floors (Tier-II); and
• wherein the secondary substation is mechanically integrated into the mid-floor level and electrically connected to the backup power sources for enhanced reliability.
In an embodiment, the vertical containment assembly comprises:
• modular containment structures mechanically connected to the building’s vertical shafts to house and protect the FRLS cables;
• the FRLS cables are electrically connected between the substations and the power distribution units, to ensure uninterrupted transmission of power to all floors; and
• fire suppression barriers and vibration dampers mechanically integrated within the vertical containment assembly to enhance safety and reduce structural impact.
In an embodiment, the system further:
• renewable power sources, including solar panels and wind turbines, electrically connected to the substations via dedicated power converters; and
• energy storage systems electrically connected to the renewable power sources and the substations, configured to store excess power and provide backup power during outages.
In an embodiment, the system further comprises:
• a centralized control unit electrically and communicatively connected to each the substation for real-time monitoring and fault detection;
• environmental sensors electrically connected to the control unit and mechanically installed within substations to monitor thermal, acoustic, and vibration parameters; and
• mobile and web-based interfaces communicatively connected to the control unit to allow remote management and visualization of power distribution data.
In an embodiment, the modular containment structures are mechanically secured to the building’s rebar-reinforced columns and configured to allow for easy access during maintenance operations.
In an embodiment, each substation includes advanced cooling units electrically connected to temperature monitoring sensors and mechanically installed within transformer enclosures to maintain optimal operating conditions.
In an embodiment, the centralized control unit is configured to dynamically balance loads by adjusting power distribution through communicative connections with real-time energy demand sensors located at power distribution units.
In an embodiment, harmonic filters electrically connected to the HT and LT switchgear are configured to mitigate harmonic distortions, and EMI shielding mechanically integrated into the vertical containment system ensures compliance with electronic device safety standards.
In an embodiment, the dual-source metering includes:
• automatic transfer switches (ATS) electrically connected to the primary and backup power sources; and
• surge protection devices installed at critical power junctions to ensure uninterrupted power supply during voltage fluctuations or grid outages.
In an embodiment, the substations include modular transformer and switchgear units electrically connected through plug-and-play interfaces to facilitate scalable upgrades.
In an embodiment, further comprises a communication network electrically and communicatively connected to the building management system (BMS), enabling synchronized control of power distribution with other utilities, including HVAC, lighting, and elevators.
In an embodiment, the system further comprises advanced earthing mechanisms, including pile earthing and rebar integration within the structural columns, electrically connected to the substations, and containment assembly for robust grounding and enhanced safety.
The present disclosure provides a method for distributing power in a high-rise building using an integrated power distribution system, the method comprising:
• evaluating the building's structural layout and energy requirements to determine power distribution needs;
• configuring a high-tension (HT) and low-tension (LT) network for efficient power management across multiple levels;
• installing dry-type transformers at strategic floors to safely step down voltage;
• deploying an automated meter reading (AMR) mechanism to monitor and manage real-time electricity consumption; and
• configuring a dual-source metering for seamless power switching between primary and backup sources.
• receiving high-tension (HT) electrical power from an external power source at a primary substation located on a ground floor;
• converting the HT power to low-tension (LT) power by a dry-type transformer of the primary substation;
• transmitting the LT power from the primary substation to a secondary substation located on a mid-floor level via fire-retardant low-smoke (FRLS) cables housed within a vertical containment assembly;
• further distributing the power from the secondary substation to upper floors (Tier-II,) and from the primary substation to lower floors (Tier-I,);
• seamlessly switching between a primary power source and a backup power source by dual-source metering and automatic transfer switches (ATS) electrically connected to both primary and second substations;
• monitoring real-time power consumption at each floor using automated meter reading (AMR) units electrically connected to power distribution units of the primary substation and the secondary substation; and
• transmitting the consumption data to a centralized control unit for energy analysis and load balancing.
In an embodiment, the method further comprises grounding the substations and containment assembly using advanced earthing techniques, including pile earthing and rebar integration within the building’s structural columns.
In an embodiment, the method further comprises mitigating fire risks by incorporating fire suppression barriers and FRLS cables within the vertical containment assembly.
In an embodiment, the method further comprises storing surplus energy from renewable energy sources, including solar panels and wind turbines, in energy storage devices electrically connected to the substations.
In an embodiment, the method further comprises delivering backup power from the storage devices during outages to maintain uninterrupted supply.
In an embodiment, the method further comprises
• dynamically balancing power loads across substations using real-time demand data collected from sensors installed within power distribution units;
• adjusting power distribution patterns based on peak demand and fault conditions detected by the centralized control unit; and
• facilitating maintenance and scalability through modular substation designs electrically and mechanically integrated into the building’s architecture, allowing plug-and-play upgrades and fault isolation.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWING
A system for an integrated power distribution for high-rise buildings, of the present disclosure will now be described with the help of the accompanying drawing in which:
Figure 1 illustrates a diagram of a sub-station placed at a ground level of the high-rise building which is prior art;
Figure 2 illustrates a diagram showing the sub-station placed at a mid-floor of the high-rise building;
Figure 3 illustrates a diagram showing a dual sub-station placed at the ground level and the mid-floor of the high-rise building; and
Figures 4A to 4C illustrate a method for an integrated power distribution for high-rise buildings, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS
1000 Prior art
110c’ Sub-Station
110d’ Sub-Station
111’ Fire-Retardant Low Smoke (FRLS) Cables
112’ High-rise Building
114’ Tier- I
116’ Tier- II
118’ Ground Level
100 System
110a Sub-Station
110b Sub-Station
110c Sub-Station
110d Sub-Station
111 Fire-Retardant Low Smoke (FRLS) Cables
112 High-rise Building
114 Tier- I
116 Tier- II
118 Ground Level
200-224 Method and method steps
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Embodiments, of the present disclosure, will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Embodiments are provided so as to thoroughly and fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to the person skilled in the art. Numerous details are set forth, relating to specific components, and methods, to provide a complete understanding of embodiments of the present disclosure. It will be apparent to the person skilled in the art that the details provided in the embodiments should not be construed to limit the scope of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, well-known processes, well-known apparatus structures, and well-known techniques are not described in detail.
The terminology used, in the present disclosure, is only for the purpose of explaining a particular embodiment and such terminology shall not be considered to limit the scope of the present disclosure. As used in the present disclosure, the forms "a,” "an," and "the" may be intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly suggests otherwise. The terms "comprises," "comprising," “including,” and “having,” are open ended transitional phrases and therefore specify the presence of stated features, elements, modules, units and/or components, but do not forbid the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
When an element is referred to as being “engaged to,” "connected to," or "coupled to" another element, it may be directly engaged, connected, or coupled to the other element. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed elements.
Therefore, the present disclosure envisages a system and method for an integrated power distribution for high-rise buildings (hereinafter referred to as system (100), method (200)). The present disclosure is explained with reference to the Figure 1 to Figure 4.
The high-tension (HT) and low-tension (LT) switchgear network serves as the core of the power distribution system (100). It connects to the building's primary power input source and ensures efficient transmission and management of electricity. The HT switchgear handles high-voltage power from external sources, offering fault isolation and overcurrent protection. The LT switchgear manages the stepped-down voltage from transformers, enabling safe power distribution to various levels in the building.
Substations (110a, 110b, 110c, 110d) are strategically placed on different building levels to localize power distribution and reduce transmission losses. Each substation includes a dry-type transformer that steps down high-voltage electricity to safer, usable voltage levels. The dry-type transformers use air cooling, avoiding oil-based risks, and making them safer and more environmentally friendly. This localized approach enhances efficiency by minimizing energy loss over long distances.
Circuit breakers within the substations isolate electrical circuits during overloads or faults, safeguarding equipment and ensuring operational continuity. These breakers connect to power distribution units, which allocate electricity to individual end-users or devices. The PDUs are configured for precise power control, allowing dynamic load balancing and efficient energy usage across the building.
The vertical containment assembly integrates into the building’s structure to house fire-retardant low-smoke (FRLS) cables (111). These cables transmit power from the substations to various floors while adhering to stringent fire safety standards. The assembly incorporates fire suppression barriers and vibration dampers to protect cables, prevent fire propagation, and maintain structural integrity during operations.
Automated meter reading (AMR) units installed at substations provide real-time electricity consumption data. These units communicate with a centralized control system, eliminating the need for manual readings and enhancing accuracy. The data collected supports energy optimization and fault diagnosis, streamlining building energy management.
The dual-source metering allows seamless power source switching. Integrated automatic transfer switches (ATS) monitor the availability of primary and backup power sources, ensuring uninterrupted electricity supply during outages or voltage fluctuations. This feature enhances the system’s reliability for critical applications like elevators, lighting, and HVAC systems.
Renewable energy sources, such as solar panels and wind turbines, are incorporated into the system to enhance sustainability. These sources connect to the substations via power converters that stabilize the energy for distribution. Excess energy is stored in advanced storage systems, which act as backup power during outages, reducing dependency on the primary grid.
A centralized control unit oversees the entire power distribution system (100), enabling real-time monitoring and dynamic load balancing. Sensors placed within substations measure thermal, acoustic, and vibration parameters, providing critical feedback for maintaining system health. The control unit also supports remote management through mobile and web interfaces, allowing efficient operation and fault handling.
The vertical containment assembly uses modular structures to facilitate maintenance and scalability. These structures attach securely to the building’s reinforced columns, ensuring stability while providing easy access for upgrades or repairs. Fire suppression barriers and vibration dampers within the containment enhance safety and prolong the system’s operational life.
Fire-retardant low-smoke (FRLS) cables (111) are specialized electrical cables configured to enhance fire safety within power distribution systems. These cables are designed to minimize fire propagation and produce minimal smoke during fire incidents, thereby reducing risks to occupants and equipment. In the present system, FRLS cables (111) are configured to transmit power from substations (110c, 110d) to various floors within the high-rise building (112). They are housed in containment structures configured to provide protection and facilitate easy maintenance. Additionally, the cables ensure robust grounding, contributing to the system's overall safety and reliability.
A high-rise building (112) is configured to accommodate a sophisticated power distribution system that supports the energy demands of its occupants across multiple floors. In the present configuration, the high-rise building integrates dual substations (110c, 110d) at the ground level (118) and mid-floor levels, configured to distribute power efficiently to lower floors (Tier-I, 114) and upper floors. Advanced safety features, including FRLS cables (111), fire suppression barriers, and automated monitoring systems, are configured to ensure seamless and reliable power distribution throughout the building.
Tier-I (114) is configured to represent the lower floors of the high-rise building (112), receiving power directly from the ground-level substation (110c). These floors typically include areas such as lobbies, commercial spaces, or common facilities. The ground-level substation is configured to minimize voltage loss by delivering electricity to Tier-I (114) via FRLS cables (111). These cables are configured to provide safe and reliable power transmission, while automated monitoring systems track energy consumption patterns to ensure efficient utilization in this section.
The upper floors of the high-rise building (112) are configured to receive power from the mid-floor substation (110d). These floors often include residential units, office spaces, or specialized facilities that require stable and efficient power distribution. The mid-floor substation is configured to minimize voltage drops and improve energy efficiency for the upper floors. FRLS cables (111) are configured to safely transmit power, while the centralized control unit dynamically manages load distribution to ensure uninterrupted power supply.
The ground level (118) is configured to serve as the primary location for the main substation (110c) in the high-rise building (112). This substation is configured to receive high-voltage power from the grid and step it down to low-voltage levels for distribution to Tier-I (114) and other building systems. The ground level also houses critical components such as switchgear (101), automated meter reading (AMR) units, and fire suppression systems, configured to enhance operational safety. FRLS cables (111) originating from the ground-level substation are configured to safely transmit power vertically to the building's upper sections. This strategic placement optimizes accessibility for maintenance and integration with the main power supply.
Each substation features advanced cooling systems to regulate temperatures within transformer enclosures. Temperature sensors trigger cooling mechanisms to maintain optimal conditions, preventing overheating. Harmonic filters integrated into the switchgear reduce distortions from non-linear loads, ensuring smooth operation and protecting sensitive equipment.
The communication network links the power distribution system with the building management system (BMS), enabling integrated control of utilities like HVAC, lighting, and elevators. This interconnected approach optimizes energy efficiency, enhances user comfort, and simplifies building automation.
Robust grounding systems provide enhanced safety by protecting against surges and faults. Advanced earthing techniques, including pile earthing and rebar integration within the building’s columns, ensure effective grounding. This feature also reduces electromagnetic interference, ensuring the system operates reliably and safely.
Each component of the system (100) is configured to work harmoniously, ensuring seamless, safe, and efficient power distribution tailored to the needs of modern high-rise buildings.
Figure 1 illustrates a diagram of the prior art configuration (1000) of a substation (110c') placed at the ground level (118') of a high-rise building (112'). In this prior art, the substation (110c') manages and distributes electrical power to the lower floors, designated as Tier-I (114'). Fire-retardant low-smoke (FRLS) cables (111') are used for earthing and electrical connections, reducing fire hazards and ensuring robust grounding. The containment design in the prior art integrates the substation (110c') into the building’s architecture to achieve structural efficiency and facilitate vertical power distribution.
Figure 2 illustrates a diagram showing a substation (110b) positioned at the mid-floor level of a high-rise building (112) in accordance with the present disclosure. The mid-floor substation (110b) enhances power distribution efficiency by being strategically located closer to the upper floors, designated as Tier-II (116), which minimizes voltage drops. Fire-retardant low-smoke (FRLS) cables (111) are connected to the substation (110b) for earthing and electrical connections, ensuring safe and reliable power transmission. Customized containment designs seamlessly integrate the substation (110b) into the building’s architecture, promoting structural efficiency and enabling effective vertical power distribution. The system (100) complies with all statutory requirements and protection guidelines, delivering a reliable, safe, and space-efficient solution for high-rise power distribution.
Figure 3 illustrates a diagram showing a dual substation configuration in a high-rise building (112), featuring a substation (110c) located at the ground level (118) and another substation (110d) positioned at the mid-floor level. This dual configuration enhances both power distribution efficiency and reliability by covering the lower floors, configured as Tier-I (114), and the upper floors, configured as Tier-II (116). Fire-retardant low-smoke (FRLS) cables (111) are connected to each substation (110c, 110d) for earthing and electrical connections, ensuring safe power transmission while reducing fire hazards. The customized containment designs integrate the substations (110c, 110d) seamlessly into the building’s architecture, promoting structural efficiency and enabling effective vertical power distribution. The system (100) adheres to all statutory requirements and protection guidelines, ensuring full regulatory compliance. This configuration provides a reliable, safe, and space-efficient solution for high-rise power distribution, meeting the demands of modern construction and energy management.
Figures 4A to 4C illustrate a method for an integrated power distribution for high-rise buildings, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
At step 202, the method (200) comprises evaluating the building's (112) structural layout and energy requirements to determine power distribution needs.
At step 204, the method (200) comprises configuring a high tension (HT) and low tension (LT) network for efficient power management across multiple levels.
At step 206, the method (200) comprises installing dry-type transformers at strategic floors to safely step-down voltage.
At step 208, the method (200) comprises deploying an automated meter reading (AMR) mechanism to monitor and manage real-time electricity consumption.
At step 210, the method (200) comprises configuring a dual-source metering for seamless power switching between primary and backup sources.
At step 212, the method (200) comprises receiving high-tension (HT) electrical power from an external power source at a primary substation (110c) located on a ground floor (118).
At step 214, the method (200) comprises converting the HT power to low-tension (LT) power by a dry-type transformer of the primary substation (110c).
At step 216, the method (200) comprises transmitting the LT power from the primary substation (110c) to a secondary substation (110d) located on a mid-floor level via fire-retardant low-smoke (FRLS) cables (111) housed within a vertical containment assembly.
At step 218, the method (200) comprises further distributing the power from the secondary substation to upper floors (Tier-II, 116) and from the primary substation to lower floors (Tier-I, 114).
At step 220, the method (200) comprises seamlessly switching between a primary power source and a backup power source by dual-source metering and automatic transfer switches (ATS) electrically connected to both primary and second substations (110c, 110d).
At step 222, the method (200) comprises monitoring real-time power consumption at each floor using automated meter reading (AMR) units electrically connected to power distribution units of the primary substation (110c) and the secondary substation (110d).
At step 224, the method (200) comprises transmitting the consumption data to a centralized control unit for energy analysis and load balancing.
In an embodiment, the method (200) further comprises grounding the substations (110a, 110b, 110c, 110d) and containment assembly using advanced earthing techniques, including pile earthing and rebar integration within the building’s structural columns.
In an embodiment, the method (200) further comprises mitigating fire risks by incorporating fire suppression barriers and FRLS cables (111) within the vertical containment assembly.
In an embodiment, the method (200) further comprises storing surplus energy from renewable energy sources, including solar panels and wind turbines, in energy storage devices electrically connected to the substations.
In an embodiment, the method (200) further comprises delivering backup power from the storage devices during outages to maintain uninterrupted supply.
In an embodiment, the method (200) further comprises
• dynamically balancing power loads across substations using real-time demand data collected from sensors installed within power distribution units;
• adjusting power distribution patterns based on peak demand and fault conditions detected by the centralized control unit; and
• facilitating maintenance and scalability through modular substation designs electrically and mechanically integrated into the building’s architecture, allowing plug-and-play upgrades and fault isolation.
The present disclosure provides a system and method for an integrated power distribution for high-rise buildings, demonstrated through the following anecdotal examples to illustrate its functionality and practical applications.
In an example, a high-rise building (112) with 30 floors faces frequent voltage drops on the upper floors (Tier-II, 116). To resolve this, a dual substation configuration (100) is implemented. A substation (110c) is placed at the ground level (118) to serve the lower floors (Tier-I, 114), while another substation (110d) is installed at the mid-floor level to supply power to the upper floors. Fire-retardant low-smoke (FRLS) cables (111) are used for safe transmission and robust grounding. The containment structures integrate seamlessly into the building’s design, ensuring safe and efficient vertical power distribution. The user benefits from minimized voltage losses and enhanced reliability across all floors.
In another example, during a power outage in a 20-story office building (112), the user relies on the system’s automatic transfer switches (ATS) for uninterrupted power supply. The ATS switches from the primary power source to the backup power source (117) instantly, maintaining operations for critical systems like elevators and servers. The substation (110c) on the ground floor (118) manages power for lower floors (Tier-I, 114), while the substation (110d) on the mid-floor handles the upper floors (Tier-II, 116). Real-time monitoring is conducted through automated meter reading (AMR) units, and all data is centralized through the control unit, allowing the user to quickly identify and resolve issues.
In another scenario, a high-rise residential building (112) integrates renewable energy sources, including rooftop solar panels, into its power system (100). The substation (110c) at the ground level is connected to solar energy converters, while the mid-floor substation (110d) efficiently distributes renewable energy to the upper floors (Tier-II, 116). Excess energy is stored in advanced storage systems to provide backup power during outages. Fire-retardant low-smoke (FRLS) cables (111) ensure safe transmission, and the user benefits from reduced energy costs and sustainable power distribution.
In a further example, a hospital high-rise building (112) implements the dual substation system (100) to ensure uninterrupted power for critical medical equipment. A ground-floor substation (110c) supplies power to lower floors (Tier-I, 114), including outpatient departments, while a mid-floor substation (110d) provides electricity to upper floors (Tier-II, 116), such as intensive care units. The user relies on temperature sensors and advanced cooling units integrated into the substations to maintain optimal conditions for transformers and reduce the risk of overheating. Automatic transfer switches (ATS) ensure seamless power switching during grid failures, safeguarding patient care.
In another example, a commercial skyscraper (112) with 50 floors adopts the system (100) for efficient and safe power distribution. The substations (110c, 110d) are connected via fire-retardant low-smoke (FRLS) cables (111), ensuring robust grounding and reducing fire hazards. A centralized control unit communicates with sensors within the substations to monitor performance and load distribution. The containment structures provide easy access for maintenance and upgrades, allowing the user to scale the system as the building’s energy demands grow.
In an operative configuration, the system (100) features a dual substation setup where one substation (110c) is positioned at the ground level (118) to manage power distribution for lower floors (Tier-I, 114), while another substation (110d) is installed at the mid-floor level to cater to upper floors (Tier-II, 116). The substations are interconnected through fire-retardant low-smoke (FRLS) cables (111), housed within customized containment structures integrated into the building's architecture. The automated meter reading (AMR) units monitor real-time electricity consumption, transmitting data to a centralized control unit that dynamically balances power loads across the substations. Automatic transfer switches (ATS) ensure uninterrupted power supply by seamlessly switching between primary and backup power sources during outages. The system (100) is equipped with advanced sensors and cooling units for enhanced operational safety and efficiency.
Advantageously, the system (100) enhances power distribution efficiency by reducing voltage drops through the strategic placement of substations (110c, 110d) within the high-rise building (112). The use of fire-retardant low-smoke (FRLS) cables (111) minimizes fire hazards, ensuring robust safety standards. The modular containment structures allow for easy maintenance and scalability, making the system adaptable to changing energy requirements. The integration of renewable energy sources and energy storage systems further reduces reliance on the grid, promoting sustainability. Automatic transfer switches (ATS) provide uninterrupted power during outages, ensuring reliability for critical systems. The centralized control unit, paired with real-time monitoring via AMR units, enables efficient energy management, fault detection, and operational optimization. These features collectively offer a safe, reliable, and space-efficient solution tailored for modern high-rise buildings.
The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. Other examples and implementations are within the scope and spirit of the disclosure and appended claims. The present disclosure can be implemented by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations.
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for purposes of illustration and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Individual components of a particular embodiment are generally not limited to that particular embodiment, but, are interchangeable. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the present disclosure, and all such modifications are considered to be within the scope of the present disclosure.
TECHNICAL ADVANCEMENTS
The present disclosure described hereinabove has several technical advantages including, but not limited to, a system for integrated power distribution for high-rise buildings, which:
• reduces infrastructure costs by optimizing space and minimizing the need for extensive ground-level installations;
• simplifies the power distribution process, reducing installation and maintenance time;
• reduces the risk of fire hazards and electrical failures;
• ensures a continuous power supply and accurate billing;
• reduces the likelihood of power outages and disruptions, which is crucial for maintaining the comfort and productivity of building occupants;
• minimizes energy losses and integrates sustainable energy solutions;
• enhances safety, reliability, and energy efficiency provided by the system can lead to higher property values and better marketability;
• ensure a consistent and high-quality power supply, contributing to a better living and working environment for occupants;
• reduces downtime and enhanced safety measures increase overall satisfaction and comfort;
• allows for easy upgrades and integration of future technologies; and
• ensures that the building’s power distribution infrastructure can evolve with changing technological advancements and energy demands, protecting long-term investment.
The foregoing disclosure has been described with reference to the accompanying embodiments which do not limit the scope and ambit of the disclosure. The description provided is purely by way of example and illustration.
The embodiments herein and the various features and advantageous details thereof are explained with reference to the non-limiting embodiments in the following description. Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the embodiments herein. The examples used herein are intended merely to facilitate an understanding of ways in which the embodiments herein may be practiced and to further enable those of skill in the art to practice the embodiments herein. Accordingly, the examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the embodiments herein.
The foregoing description of the specific embodiments so fully reveals the general nature of the embodiments herein that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily modify and/or adapt for various applications such specific embodiments without departing from the generic concept, and, therefore, such adaptations and modifications should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments. It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. Therefore, while the embodiments herein have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments herein can be practiced with modification within the spirit and scope of the embodiments as described herein.
Any discussion of devices, articles, or the like that has been included in this specification is solely for the purpose of providing a context for the disclosure. It is not to be taken as an admission that any or all of these matters form a part of the prior art base or were common general knowledge in the field relevant to the disclosure as it existed anywhere before the priority date of this application.
While considerable emphasis has been placed herein on the components and component parts of the preferred embodiments, it will be appreciated that many embodiments can be made and that many changes can be made in the preferred embodiments without departing from the principles of the disclosure. These and other changes in the preferred embodiment as well as other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein, whereby it is to be distinctly understood that the foregoing descriptive matter is to be interpreted merely as illustrative of the disclosure and not as a limitation. ,CLAIMS:WE CLAIM:
1. A system (100) for integrated power distribution in high-rise buildings (112), said system (100) comprising:
• at least one high tension (HT) and low tension (LT) switchgear network electrically connected to a power input source and configured to manage and distribute electrical power at multiple levels within a building;
• a plurality of substations (110a, 110b, 110c, 110d) installed at predefined levels in the building, each said substation (110a, 110b, 110c, 110d) comprising:
- at least one dry-type transformer electrically connected to the HT and LT switchgear to step down the voltage for localized power distribution;
- circuit breakers electrically connected to the dry-type transformer to isolate and protect downstream electrical circuits; and
- power distribution units electrically connected to the circuit breakers for controller delivery of the electrical power to end users;
• a vertical containment assembly mechanically integrated into the building’s structure, housing fire-retardant low-smoke (FRLS) cables (111) electrically connected to the power distribution units and configured to transmit power from said substations (110a, 110b, 110c, 110d);
• an automated meter reading (AMR) unit electrically connected to each said substation (110a, 110b, 110c, 110d) to monitor and transmit real-time electricity consumption data; and
• a dual-source metering unit electrically connected to both primary and backup power sources, and configured to enable seamless switching between the primary and backup power sources through automatic transfer switches (ATS).
2. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of said substations (110a, 110b, 110c, 110d) includes:
• a primary substation (110c) located on a ground floor (118) and electrically connected to the building's incoming power supply, said primary substation (110c) configured to supply power to lower floors (Tier-I, 114); and
• a secondary substation (110d) located on a mid-floor and electrically connected to the primary substation (110c) via the FRLS cables (111), said secondary substation (110d) configured to supply power to upper floors (Tier-II, 116); and
• wherein the secondary substation (110d) is mechanically integrated into the mid-floor level and electrically connected to the backup power sources for enhanced reliability.
3. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vertical containment assembly comprises:
• modular containment structures mechanically connected to the building’s vertical shafts to house and protect the FRLS cables (111);
• the FRLS cables (111) are electrically connected between the substations (110a, 110b, 110c, 110d) and the power distribution units, to ensure uninterrupted transmission of power to all floors; and
• fire suppression barriers and vibration dampers mechanically integrated within the vertical containment assembly to enhance safety and reduce structural impact.
4. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, further :
• renewable power sources, including solar panels and wind turbines, electrically connected to said substations (110a, 110b, 110c, 110d) via dedicated power converters; and
• energy storage systems electrically connected to the renewable power sources and said substations (110a, 110b, 110c, 110d), configured to store excess power and provide backup power during outages.
5. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, further comprises:
• a centralized control unit electrically and communicatively connected to each said substation (110a, 110b, 110c, 110d) for real-time monitoring and fault detection;
• environmental sensors electrically connected to the control unit and mechanically installed within substations to monitor thermal, acoustic, and vibration parameters; and
• mobile and web-based interfaces communicatively connected to the control unit to allow remote management and visualization of power distribution data.
6. The system (100) as claimed in claim 3, wherein the modular containment structures are mechanically secured to the building’s rebar-reinforced columns and configured to allow for easy access during maintenance operations.
7. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein each substation (110a, 110b, 110c, 110d) includes advanced cooling units electrically connected to temperature monitoring sensors and mechanically installed within transformer enclosures to maintain optimal operating conditions.
8. The system (100) as claimed in claim 5, wherein the centralized control unit is configured to dynamically balance loads by adjusting power distribution through communicative connections with real-time energy demand sensors located at power distribution units.
9. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein harmonic filters electrically connected to the HT and LT switchgear are configured to mitigate harmonic distortions, and EMI shielding mechanically integrated into the vertical containment system ensures compliance with electronic device safety standards.
10. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dual-source metering includes:
• automatic transfer switches (ATS) electrically connected to the primary and backup power sources; and
• surge protection devices installed at critical power junctions to ensure uninterrupted power supply during voltage fluctuations or grid outages.
11. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the substations (110a, 110b, 110c, 110d) include modular transformer and switchgear units electrically connected through plug-and-play interfaces to facilitate scalable upgrades.
12. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein further comprises a communication network electrically and communicatively connected to the building management system (BMS), enabling synchronized control of power distribution with other utilities, including HVAC, lighting, and elevators.
13. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, further comprises advanced earthing mechanisms, including pile earthing and rebar integration within the structural columns, electrically connected to the substations and containment assembly for robust grounding and enhanced safety.
14. A method (200) for distributing power in a high-rise building (112) using an integrated power distribution system (100), the method (200) comprising:
• evaluating the building's (112) structural layout and energy requirements to determine power distribution needs;
• configuring a high tension (HT) and low tension (LT) network for efficient power management across multiple levels;
• installing dry-type transformers at strategic floors to safely step down voltage;
• deploying an automated meter reading (AMR) mechanism to monitor and manage real-time electricity consumption; and
• configuring a dual-source metering for seamless power switching between primary and backup sources.
• receiving high-tension (HT) electrical power from an external power source at a primary substation (110c) located on a ground floor (118);
• converting the HT power to low-tension (LT) power by a dry-type transformer of the primary substation (110c);
• transmitting the LT power from the primary substation (110c) to a secondary substation (110d) located on a mid-floor level via fire-retardant low-smoke (FRLS) cables (111) housed within a vertical containment assembly;
• further distributing the power from the secondary substation to upper floors (Tier-II, 116) and from the primary substation to lower floors (Tier-I, 114);
• seamlessly switching between a primary power source and a backup power source by dual-source metering and automatic transfer switches (ATS) electrically connected to both primary and second substations (110c, 110d);
• monitoring real-time power consumption at each floor using automated meter reading (AMR) units electrically connected to power distribution units of the primary substation (110c) and the secondary substation (110d); and
• transmitting the consumption data to a centralized control unit for energy analysis and load balancing.
15. The method (200) as claimed in claim 14, further comprises grounding the substations (110a, 110b, 110c, 110d) and containment assembly using advanced earthing techniques, including pile earthing and rebar integration within the building’s structural columns.
16. The method (200) as claimed in claim 14, further comprises mitigating fire risks by incorporating fire suppression barriers and FRLS cables within the vertical containment assembly.
17. The method (200) as claimed in claim 14, further comprises storing surplus energy from renewable energy sources, including solar panels and wind turbines, in energy storage devices electrically connected to the substations.
18. The method (200) as claimed in claim 17, further comprises delivering backup power from the storage devices during outages to maintain uninterrupted supply.
19. The method (200) as claimed in claim 14, further comprises
• dynamically balancing power loads across substations using real-time demand data collected from sensors installed within power distribution units;
• adjusting power distribution patterns based on peak demand and fault conditions detected by the centralized control unit; and
• facilitating maintenance and scalability through modular substation designs electrically and mechanically integrated into the building’s architecture, allowing plug-and-play upgrades and fault isolation.

Dated this 05th Day of March 2025

_______________________________
MOHAN RAJKUMAR DEWAN, IN/PA – 25
OF R. K. DEWAN & CO.
AUTHORIZED AGENT OF APPLICANT

TO,
THE CONTROLLER OF PATENTS
THE PATENT OFFICE, AT MUMBAI