DESC:FORM-2
THE PATENTS ACT, 1970
(39 of 1970)
&
THE PATENTS RULES, 2003
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(See section 10 and rule 13)

Title: A SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR HARDWARE-LESS DEVICE COMMUNICATION FOR AUTOMATIC TRANSMIT POWER CONTROL

APPLICANT DETAILS:
(a) NAME: BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED
(b) NATIONALITY: INDIAN
(c) ADDRESS: Outer Ring Road, Nagavara, Bangalore-560045, Karnataka, India

PREAMBLE TO THE DESCRIPTION:
The following specification (particularly) describes the nature of the invention (and the manner in which it is to be performed):

A SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR HARDWARE-LESS DEVICE COMMUNICATION FOR AUTOMATIC TRANSMIT POWER CONTROL

FIELD OF THE INVENTION:
The present disclosure relates generally to the field of wireless data transfer communication technique and more particularly to a system and method for hardware-less device communication for automatic transmit power control.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION:
The following background discussion includes information that may be useful in understanding the present invention. It is not an admission that any of the information provided herein is prior art or relevant to the presently claimed invention, or that any publication specifically or implicitly referenced is prior art.
In an ideal scenario, when communication is established between communication equipments, the connection should stay intact at acceptable least possible signal strength. But in the real world there are multiple factors in play which lead to a drop in the link quality. Some of the factors include fading, interference as well as environmental factors like humidity, rain etc. In order to maintain the link, the communication equipment has to increase or decrease the transmit power levels. The increased power levels in turn lead to deterioration of the components inside the equipment and hence reduce its life expectancy.
To mitigate the decline in link quality as well as to enable a long life of the communication equipment’s, a concept of Automatic Power Control (APC) was introduced. The basic idea is to achieve reliable communication between communication equipment’s at nominal power levels with the help of the APC method. The communication equipment at a local location adjusts its power level so that the remote-end communication equipment can receive data at the least possible yet stable power levels. In most cases, the communication equipments will operate at a lesser power. Only when there is a disturbance in the transfer media due to fading or any other reason, does the equipment try to operate at a higher power to re-establish link. Below are same available prior arts related to the same technology.
US Patent No. US11140628 relates to communication systems suitable for wireless or radio communications, in particular radio frequency (RF) systems capable of exchanging signals with other devices. Specifically, this disclosure relates to a method for controlling power of a radio frequency system, for power saving purposes, for use in a vehicular environment. Ample power is supplied all the time while having power saving functions such as full data frame matching within a short-range vehicular environment.
Another US Patent No. US6628956B2 relates to power control in radio communications, and more particularly, to more efficient and effective open loop power control. The adaptive open loop power control approach of the present invention is particularly well-suited for communications in a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) cellular radio system.
The Japanese Patent No. JP2014017655A relates to an automatic power control apparatus that maintains power in an analog region of a modulated wave at a predetermined value by automatic control.
US Patent No. US5335369A relates to an automatic power control circuit, such as for use with a radio telecommunication apparatus. More specifically, this invention relates to an automatic power control circuit designed to stabilize the transmission output of a radio telecommunication apparatus.
However, the existing technology on auto power control are hardware based i.e. discrete analog circuits.
Therefore, there is still a need to reduce the dependency on hardware and provide a scheme which can be applied for reliable signal transfer by automatically controlling the power of radio frequency spectrum and a mechanism to achieve a power efficiency by the transmission of radio information link packet and to provide a power efficient solution for wireless communication devices that find its application in radios, self-driven vehicles, drones, infotainment system and many other areas.

OBJECT/S OF THE INVENTION:
The primary object of the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks associated with prior art.
In an objective the present invention provides a system and method of hardware-less device communication technique for automatic transmit power control. The hardware less Automatic power control method enabled communication equipment to maintain link via parameters in RIL packet.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION:
In an aspect, the present invention provides a system for hardware-less device communication for automatic transmitting power control comprising:
a) at least two communication devices (101 and 201) that are exchanging data as an IP packet via an RF link, where radio information link (RIL) parameters (104 and 106) are exchanged between the devices;
b) an automatic power control unit is configured to receive the data in Radio Information Link (RIL);
wherein the automatic power control unit is configured to process the data in radio Information Link (RIL) comprises a packet 106 and a packet 104 to determine a minimum receiving power and a maximum receiving power required to communicate between two communication devices.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS:
The advantages and features of the present disclosure will become better understood with reference to the following detailed description and claims taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing, in which:
Fig. 1 illustrates a top-level architecture of the Automatic Power Control (APC) method, according to an exemplary implementation of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 illustrates the software approach of how the packet prepared by local APC method is sent in the network and is detected by the remote APC method on the other end using a client server model and vice-versa., according to an exemplary implementation of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3 illustrates the structure of the IP-based Radio Information Link (RIL) Packet, according to an exemplary implementation of the present disclosure.
Fig. 4 illustrates the overall flow chart for working of the APC method for one iteration, according to an exemplary implementation of the present disclosure.
It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that any block diagrams herein represent conceptual views of illustrative system and method of embodying the principles of the present disclosure. Similarly, it will be appreciated that any flow charts, flow diagrams, and the like represent various processes which may be substantially represented in computer readable medium and so executed by a computer or processor, whether or not such computer or processor is explicitly shown.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION:
The foregoing descriptions of specific embodiments of the present disclosure have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. They are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiment was chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and its practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention and various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
The terms “a” and “an” herein do not denote a limitation of quantity but rather denote the presence of at least one of the referenced item.
The terms “having”, “comprising”, “including”, and variations thereof signify the presence of a component.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, a system and method for hardware-less device communication for automatic transmit power control. This technique transfers data between two or more points through air using the radio frequency spectrum. The present method is applied for reliable signal transfer by automatically controlling the power of radio frequency spectrum. The present method also claims a mechanism to achieve a power efficiency by the transmission of radio information link packet.
The Automatic Power Control (APC) method has been devised in a non-complex and easily implementable manner. The existing patents on Auto power control are hardware based i.e. discrete analog circuits. This invention aims is to reduce the dependency on hardware. The current invention aims to provide a power efficient solution for wireless communication devices that find its application in radios, self-driven vehicles, drones, infotainment system and many other areas.
Now referring to figure 1, the figure illustrates a top-level architecture system of the Automatic Power Control (APC) method. The system comprising of two communication devices 101 and 201 that are exchanging data as IP packets via RF link. The device 101 is in network 100 while the device 201 is in network 200.
Figure. 2 illustrates software approach of how the packet prepared by local APC method is sent in the network and is detected by the remote APC method on the other end using a client server model and vice-versa. Firstly, the Radio Information Link (RIL) parameters 104 and 106 are exchanged between the local communication equipment 103 and remote end communication equipment 107 as IP packets over a wireless network 105. Then the APC method 103 uses the data in Radio Information Link (RIL) packet 106 to make required decisions. Similarly, the APC method 107 uses the data in Radio Information Link (RIL) packet 104 to make required decisions.
Before the APC method performs its functions, the minimum Receive Power (PRx) required at the communication devices is calculated (1) using the following link budget formula:
PRx = PTx + GTx + GRx – LTx –LRx – LFS – LM
Where,
PRx = Received Power (dBm)
PTx = Transmitted Power Output(dBm)
GTx = Transmitted Antenna Gain(dBi)
GRx = Receiver Antenna Gain(dBi)
LTx = Losses from Transmitter (dBm)
LRx = Losses from Receiver (dB)
LFS = Free-space loss (dB)
LM = Miscellaneous loss (dB)
The upper limit for receive power (PRxu) required for operational purposes is adjusted as follows:
PRxu = PRx – X
The lower limit for receive power(PRxl) required for operational purposes is adjusted as follows:
PRxl = PRx + X
Where,
X = pre-agreed value(dB) that compensates the variation due to Bandwidth and Modulation
After computation of PRxu & PRxl, the APC method is executed.
The figure 3 illustrates the structure of the IP-based Radio Information Link (RIL) Packet. It contains IP header 108 for network addressing, UDP/TCP header 109 for client-server port binding, payload 110 containing BER and RSSI parameters for controlling the RF power.
Figure 4 illustrates the overall flow chart for working of the APC method for one iteration. The APC method works as follows as per Flow chart:
1. Transmit power of the communication devices is set to the upper limit of the transmit power by setting the attenuation values to the minimum in both the equipments.
2. Once the link is established, the equipments send their RIL packet parameters (namely BER, RSSI) to each other.
3. The received parameters from RIL packet are then given as input to the core APC method.
4. The method first queries attenuation (2) & checks whether the current attenuation is within the acceptable limits (3). This is done to verify whether the equipments are at communicable power levels.
a. If the attenuation values are above upper limit, the attenuation values are set to upper limit (4).
b. If the attenuation values are below lower limit, the attenuation values are set to lower limit (5).
5. If the attenuation values are within limit, then BER value received from the other equipment via RIL packet is checked (6).
a. If the BER value is below the acceptable lower limit (i.e. BER is good), it means that an attempt can be made to reduce transmit power of the local equipment and maintain the communication link.
i. If the RSSI received from the remote end equipment is within acceptable levels (i.e. between PRxu & PRxl), then no action is taken.
ii. If the RSSI received from the remote end equipment is beyond acceptable levels (i.e. above PRxu), then attenuation at local end is increased. This leads to a decrease in transmit power at the local end (7).
b. If the BER value is above the acceptable upper limit (i.e. BER is bad), it means that an attempt can be made to increase transmit power of the local equipment and maintain the communication link.
i. If the RSSI received from the remote end equipment is beyond acceptable levels (i.e. below PRxl), then attenuation at the local end is decreased. This leads to an increase in transmit power at the local end (8).
6. The cycle of increase or decrease in transmit power is continued till the BER as well as the RSSI of remote end systems are within acceptable ranges
The following table attempts at bringing more clarity behind the decision-making of increasing or decreasing transmit power:

The novel aspects are as follows:
1. Easily implementable on OS based radios with RF integrated transceivers.
2. Prompt action in attempting to recover sub-standard or broken link.
3. Parameters important for maintaining optimal link are packaged into a Radio Information Link (RIL) Packet and are exchanged over the air via IP packets which helps in decision making.
4. No additional circuitry or hardware is required and hence lower cost.
5. No dependence on waveform modulation type.
6. Acceptable power is supplied for communication device using Link budget calculation, feedback RIL packets and finds its application in radios, drones and many other long range communication.
7. Adaptive open loop as well as closed loop hardware controlled using digital feedback information like BER and RSSI of the remote RIL packet.
8. Alternatively, the receiver may simply order the transmitter to increase or decrease its transmitted power. The additionally received feedback information means that closed loop power control is generally more accurate than open loop power control.
9. No dependence on Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) of modulation waveform type.
10. Automatic power control using the digital IP packets and digital attenuator to stabilize the RF power output.
11. APC circuit depends on remote station digital data feedback to control PA output.
Method for automatic control of the transmit power of local equipment to maintain optimal link comprises the following parameters:
a) Radio Information Link (RIL) packet.
b) Transmit attenuation value.
c) Link state quality represented as BER value.
d) Signal strength represented as RSSI value.
The method reads the parameters in the Radio Information Link (RIL) packet and determines whether or not the equipment is capable of transmitting data at a lower power level in an acceptable good quality of link. It also determines whether an increase in power is required if the link is not optimal.
The local method continuously checks whether the transmit power is within the pre-set limits. This is done so as to avoid further processing and thereby more power consumption if the communication equipment is already at maximum transmit power levels.
The link state quality or BER value is exchanged by both local and remote communication equipments to each other. This parameter is one of the factors that help in deciding whether to decrease or increase transmit power.
The signal strength or RSSI value is also exchanged by both local and remote communication equipments to each other. Signal Strength (RSSI value) along with Link quality (BER) help in deciding whether to decrease or increase transmit power.
,CLAIMS:We Claim:

1. A system for hardware-less device communication for automatic transmit power control comprising:
a) at least two communication devices (101 and 201) that are exchanging data as an IP packet via an RF link, where radio information link (RIL) parameters (104 and 106) are exchanged between the devices;
b) an automatic power control unit is configured to receive the data in Radio Information Link (RIL);
wherein the automatic power control unit is configured to process the data in radio Information Link (RIL) comprises a packet 106 and a packet 104 to determine a minimum receiving power and a maximum receiving power required to communicate between two communication devices.
2. The system for hardware-less device communication for automatic transmit power control as claimed in claim 1, wherein the device (101) is in network (100) while the device (201) is in a network (200).
3. The system for hardware-less device communication for automatic transmit power control as claimed in claim 1, wherein the IP-based Radio Information Link (RIL) Packet includes an IP header (108) for network addressing, a UDP/TCP header (109) for a client-server port binding, a payload (110) includes BER and RSSI parameters for controlling the RF power.
4. The system for hardware-less device communication for automatic transmit power control as claimed in claim 1, wherein the automatic power control unit determines the minimum receiving power and the maximum receiving power by the following steps:
i. transmitting power of the communication devices is set to the upper limit of the transmit power by setting the attenuation values to the minimum in both the equipments;
ii. establishing the link both the equipment’s, thereafter the equipment’s send their RIL packet parameters (namely BER, RSSI) to each other;
iii. receiving RIL packet are then given as input to the automatic power control unit;
iv. querying a first queries attenuation (2) & checks whether the current attenuation is within the acceptable limits (3) to verify whether the equipments are at communicable power levels;
a. If the attenuation values are above upper limit, the attenuation values are set to upper limit (4),
b. If the attenuation values are below lower limit, the attenuation values are set to lower limit (5),
v. If the attenuation values are within limit, then BER value received from the other equipment via RIL packet is checked (6), If the BER value is below the acceptable lower limit (i.e. BER is good), it means that an attempt can be made to reduce transmit power of the local equipment and maintain the communication link.
5. The system for hardware-less device communication for automatic transmit power control as claimed in claim 1, wherein when
i. If the RSSI received from the remote end equipment is within acceptable levels (i.e. between PRxu & PRxl), then no action is taken;
ii. If the RSSI received from the remote end equipment is beyond acceptable levels (i.e. above PRxu), then attenuation at local end is increased. This leads to a decrease in transmit power at the local end (7);
iii. If the BER value is above the acceptable upper limit (i.e. BER is bad), it means that an attempt can be made to increase transmit power of the local equipment and maintain the communication link;
iv. If the RSSI received from the remote end equipment is beyond acceptable levels (i.e. below PRxl), then attenuation at the local end is decreased. This leads to an increase in transmit power at the local end (8);
the cycle of increase or decrease in transmit power is continued till the BER as well as the RSSI of remote end systems are within acceptable ranges.