DESC:Effective Fungicidal Combination for Crop Protection
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a synergistic agrochemical composition for controlling pests. The present invention relates to a synergistic fungicidal composition based on a combination of boscalid, mancozeb and trifloxystrobin optionally with at least one agriculturally acceptable excipient. The present invention also relates to the process for the preparation of synergistic fungicidal composition thereof and use of this combination for combating plant pathogenic fungi in and on the seeds and plants at different growth stages for crop protection and good yields.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Crop protection is the practice of protecting the crop yields from pests, weeds, plant diseases, and other organisms that damage agricultural crops, which is critical from early stages of crop development. Preventing pests and diseases in the entire crop cycle, i.e., from root development to maturing crop, leads to increased crop quality and yield. The control of plant diseases caused by fungi is extremely important in achieving high crop efficiency. Plant diseases cause significant damage to vegetables, fields, cereal, fruit and other crops, leading to reduction in productivity, yield and quality of the crops. Fungicides help to minimize this damage by controlling plant pathogenic fungi. The use of two or more appropriate active ingredient combinations in specific dose ratios leads to synergism in crop protection. In addition to this, often highly destructive plant diseases can be difficult to control and may develop resistance to commercial fungicides. Many products are commercially available for these purposes, but there is still a continues need to develop new fungicidal combinations which are more effective, less costly, less toxic, environmentally safer and have different sites of action.
The biggest challenge in the field of crop protection is to reduce the dosage rate of active ingredients to diminish or circumvent environmental or toxicological effects without compromising on effective crop protection against pathogenic fungi, in addition to long lasting and broad-spectrum protection from plant diseases. Another challenge is to reduce the excessive application of solo chemical compounds or insecticides which invariably helps in rapid selection of pathogenic fungi and aid in developing natural or adapted resistance against the active compound in question.
Therefore, it is indeed necessary to use the fungicidal combination in lower doses, fast acting with the different mode of action that can provide long lasting control against broad spectrum of pathogenic fungi and check the resistance development in fungi. The composition should have high synergistic action, no cross resistance to existing fungicides, avoid excess loading of the toxicant to the environment and negligible impact to environmental safety. Thus, there is a need for synergistic fungicidal combinations which could be physico-compatible formulations in the form of storage stability, safe packaging and ready to use formulations.
Chinese patent CN 103053562A reports a boscalid–mancozeb composition with a synergetic effect. CN 103250702B describes a synergistic boscalid–trifloxystrobin mixture. CN110710536 discloses A synergistic trifloxystrobin–mancozeb composition. Despite these teachings, there remains a need for novel ternary combinations. Combining Boscalid, mancozeb, and trifloxystrobin fungicide could potentially enhance their efficacy by targeting different pathways in fungi. This multi-modal action can help in managing resistance and improving control over a broader spectrum of pests.
Boscalid is a systemic fungicide belonging to the chemical class of carboxamides (succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors or SDHIs). It acts by inhibiting fungal mitochondrial respiration, specifically targeting complex II (succinate dehydrogenase). Boscalid exhibits excellent efficacy against a wide range of Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes fungi and is widely used in the control of leaf spots, fruit rots, and other foliar diseases.

Mancozeb is a broad-spectrum, non-systemic fungicide from the dithiocarbamate group. It acts as a multi-site inhibitor by disrupting multiple enzymatic processes in fungal metabolism. Its broad-spectrum activity, affordability, and resistance management profile make it a preferred choice in integrated disease management programs. Mancozeb is known for its contact protective action against pathogens such as Phytophthora, Downy mildew, Anthracnose, and Alternaria.
Trifloxystrobin belongs to the strobilurin class of fungicides (QoI inhibitors). It inhibits mitochondrial respiration at the cytochrome bc1 complex and is effective against a variety of fungal pathogens including powdery mildews, rusts, and leaf spots. Trifloxystrobin exhibits translaminar and vapor-phase activity, providing extended protection even on untreated leaf areas.
Although each of the above fungicides is effective against specific fungal targets, their standalone use is often insufficient to achieve comprehensive disease control under diverse agronomic and environmental conditions. Moreover, the overreliance on single-site fungicides such as strobilurins or SDHIs has been associated with the rapid development of fungicide-resistant fungal strains.
To address these limitations, synergistic combinations of fungicides with different mechanisms of action are gaining importance. Such combinations not only broaden the spectrum of disease control, but also delay the onset of resistance, and enhance the overall efficacy of the formulation.
The present invention relates to a novel fungicidal composition comprising boscalid, mancozeb, and trifloxystrobin, optionally in a water-dispersible granule (WDG/WG), wettable powder (WP) or Soluble granule (SG) formulation, which offers a synergistic effect against a broad range of phytopathogens. This composition combines the systemic and contact activity of its individual components to deliver enhanced protection, prolonged residual activity, and improved field performance. Furthermore, the combination is designed to provide storage stability, and ease of handling, which are essential for practical field applications.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
The primary objective of the invention is to provide a synergistic ternary fungicidal composition.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide a fungicidal composition with enhanced efficacy and crop yield without phytotoxicity.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide a process for the preparation of synergistic composition.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide a synergistic composition comprising boscalid, mancozeb, trifloxystrobin.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide a synergistic composition with broad spectrum control of fungi.
The above and other objectives of the present invention are achieved according to the following embodiments of the present invention. However, the disclosed embodiments are exemplary based on the preferred and best mode of the invention and not limit the scope of the present invention.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, the present invention aims to provide a synergistic fungicidal composition comprising boscalid, mancozeb, trifloxystrobin, and the process of preparation thereof.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a process for preparing the synergistic composition comprising boscalid, mancozeb, trifloxystrobin.
In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a synergistic composition for crop production management comprising of boscalid in an amount in the range of 5-30% by weight, mancozeb in an amount in the range of 30-65% by weight, trifloxystrobin in an amount in the range of 0.5-15% by weight, and 0.01-50% of agriculturally acceptable excipient.
In another aspect, the synergistic composition of the present invention may be formulated as Water dispersible granules (WDG/WG), Wettable powder (WP) or Soluble granule (SG).
In another aspect of the present invention, the synergistic composition comprises one or more inactive excipients selected from the group comprising of a carrier(s), surfactant(s), binder(s), disintegrating agent(s), dispersants or dispersing agent(s), wetting agent(s), pH modifier(s), thickener(s), biocide(s), preservative(s), anti-freezing agent(s), antifoaming agent (s), solvents, water soluble polymers, and/or stabilize^ s) or a combination thereof.
In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a synergistic composition for crop production management comprising of boscalid in an amount in the range of 5-30% by weight, mancozeb in an amount in the range of 30-65% by weight, trifloxystrobin in an amount in the range of 0.5-15% by weight, and 0.01 to 50% of agriculturally acceptable excipient, wherein the resultant composition is non-toxic, efficient Water dispersible granules (WDG/WG), Wettable powder (WP) formulation or Soluble granule (SG).
These and other objectives and embodiments of the invention will become more fully apparent when the following detailed description is read with the accompanying study details and examples. However, both the foregoing summary of the invention and the following detailed description of it represent one potential experiment and embodiment and are not restrictive of the invention or other alternate embodiments of the invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present specification refers to a synergistic fungicidal composition and the process for the preparation for crop protection.
The definitions provided herein below for the terminologies used in the present disclosure are for illustrative purpose only and in no manner limit, the scope of the present invention disclosed in the present disclosure.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention pertains. Other process and materials similar, or equivalent, to those described herein may be used in the practice of the present invention.
The term “combination” can be replaced with the words “mixture” or “composition” or “formulation” defined or refers to as combining two or more active ingredients formulated in desired formulations.
The expression of various quantities in terms of “% w/w” or “%” means the percentage by weight, relative to the weight of the total solution or composition unless otherwise specified.
The term “pesticide” as used in this specification refers to a substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying, repelling, or mitigating any pest or weeds which causes damage to the crop. Herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides are mainly used as pesticides which control weeds and insect pests and disease-causing pathogens respectively that eventually leads to high yield of crops.
The term “Fungicide” also called Antimycotic, as used in this specification refers to a type of chemical compound or substance specifically designed to protect crops and kill or inhibit the growth of fungi and their spores that cause economic damage to crop, ornamental plants or endanger the health of domestic animals or humans.
The term “synergism” as used in this specification refers to the interaction between two or more active compounds or other factors to produce a combined effect greater than the sum of their separate effects. The present invention involves the mixture of three active ingredients which has increased efficacy when compared to individual use and admixture of those components.

As used herein, the term “boscalid” encompasses its agrochemically acceptable salt(s), derivative(s) or any other modified form of boscalid.

As used herein, the term “mancozeb” encompasses its agro-chemically acceptable salt(s), derivative(s) or any other modified form of mancozeb.

As used herein, the term “trifloxystrobin” encompasses its agro-chemically acceptable salt(s), derivative(s) or any other modified form of trifloxystrobin.

In one embodiment, the present invention provides a synergistic fungicidal composition comprising of boscalid, mancozeb, and trifloxystrobin.

According to the present embodiment, the present invention provides a synergistic fungicidal composition comprising of boscalid, mancozeb, and trifloxystrobin.and at least one inactive excipient.

According to the present embodiment, the present invention provides a synergistic fungicidal composition comprising of boscalid in an amount in the range of 5-30% by weight, mancozeb mancozeb in an amount in the range of 30-65% by weight, and trifloxystrobin. in an amount in the range of 0.5-15% by weight and at least one inactive excipient.
In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a synergistic composition for crop production management preferably comprising of boscalid in an amount in the range of 5-20% by weight, mancozeb in an amount in the range of 45-65% by weight and trifloxystrobin in an amount in the range of 3-10% by weight.
In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a synergistic composition for crop production management, more preferably comprising of boscalid in an amount in the range of 5-15% by weight, mancozeb in an amount in the range of 50-65% by weight and trifloxystrobin in an amount in the range of 3-8% by weight.
In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a synergistic composition for crop production management, furthermore, preferably comprising of boscalid in an amount in the range of 14.5% by weight, mancozeb in an amount in the range of 60% by weight and trifloxystrobin in an amount in the range of 6.5% by weight.
According to the present embodiment, the suitable agrochemically acceptable excipient are selected from the group comprising a carrier, an antifoaming agent, a wetting agent, a filler, an anticaking agent, a pH modifier, a disintegrant, a dispersing agent, a surfactant or combinations thereof.

According to the present embodiment, the suitable wetting agent is selected from the group comprising of sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, sodium di-isopropyl naphthalene sulphonates, sodium dioctyl sulphosuccinate, and naphthalene sulfonic acid and phenol sulphonic acid sodium salt, present in a range from 1 to 5% (w/w).

According to the present embodiment, the suitable dispersing agent is selected from the group comprising of butylated naphthalene sulphonic acid and dioctyl sulphosuccinate, sodium salt of naphthalene sulphonates formaldehyde condensate, modified styrene acrylic polymer, sodium salt of polycarboxylates, modified polyacrylate, acrylate co-polymer, and mixture of salt of naphthalene sulphonic acid and phenol sulphonic acid condensation product, and combination thereof, present in a range from 1 to 10% (w/w).

According to the present embodiment, the composition of the present invention contains a disintegration agent selected from sodium sulphate, ammonium sulphate, and sodium sulphate (anhydrous), present in a range from 0.5 to 20% (w/w).

According to the present embodiment, the antifoaming agent suitable for the purpose of the present invention is silicon powder, and silicone emulsion, present in a range from 0.1 to 2% (w/w).

According to the present embodiment, the anti-caking agent suitable for the purpose of the present invention is precipitated silica (silicon dioxide), present in a range from 0.1 to 5% (w/w).

According to the present embodiment, the suitable filler is selected from lactose monohydrate, china clay, starch, aluminium hydroxide, and combination thereof, present in Q.S.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the composition is formulated as water dispersible granule (WDG/WG), wettable powder (WP) or Soluble granule (SG).

The process for preparing the present agrochemical composition may be adapted or modified by a person skilled in the art using routine knowledge and standard practices in formulation science. However, all such adaptations and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the accompanying claims.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the composition is formulated as water dispersible granule (WDG/WG) comprising of boscalid in an amount in the range of 5-30% by weight, mancozeb in an amount in the range of 30-65% by weight, trifloxystrobin in an amount in the range of 0.5-15% by weight, wetting agent in an amount in the range of 1-3%, dispersing agent in an amount in the range of 1-6%, disintegrating agent in an amount in the range of 0.5-20%, antifoaming agent in an amount in the range of 0.1-2%, anti-caking agent in an amount in the range of 0.1-2% and Filler Q.S by weight of the composition.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the composition is formulated as wettable powder (WP) comprising of boscalid in an amount in the range of 5-30% by weight, mancozeb in an amount in the range of 30-65% by weight, trifloxystrobin in an amount in the range of 0.5-15% by weight, wetting agent in an amount in the range of 1-4%, dispersing agent in an amount in the range of 1-6%, antifoaming agent in an amount in the range of 0.1-2%, anti-caking agent in an amount in the range of 0.1-4% and Filler Q.S by weight of the composition.

The synergistic fungicidal composition of the present invention controls wide verity of fungi including Ascomycota, Deuteromycota, Basidiomycota and the Oomycota on a wide variety of crops.
The synergistic fungicidal composition of the present invention is also used in seed treatment to protect against diseases which impair good seed germination and seedling development.
The synergistic fungicidal composition of the present invention controls many diseases in plants which include anthracnose, leaf spot, dollar spot, rusts, scab, powdery mildew, downy mildew, net blotch, blight, summer patch, brown patch and rot.
Another embodiment of the present invention, the fungicidal composition of the present invention used to control fungal diseases in various crops like rice, wheat, maize, chilli, tomato, barley, sugarcane, cotton, chickpea, citrus, grapes and various other crops for general pest control.
Another embodiment of the present invention, the fungicidal composition of the present invention shows synergistic effects of better pest control with minimum fungal resistance and improved crop yield and quality.
Another embodiment of the present invention, synergistic fungicidal combination decreases the natural hazardous effect of single active ingredients and also minimizes the residue deposition in environment.
It is to be understood that this disclosure is not limited to a particular compositions or specific constituents, which can, of course, vary and that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting the scope of the invention. As used in this specification, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the content clearly dictates otherwise, and equivalents thereof known to those skilled in the art and so forth.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this disclosure pertains. Although any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in practice for testing of the disclosure(s), of appropriate materials and methods are described herein.
In another embodiment, alternative or multiple embodiments of the disclosure disclosed herein are not to be construed as limitations. Each embodiment can be referred to and claimed individually or in any combination with other embodiments of the disclosure. One or more embodiments of the disclosure can be included in, or deleted from, the disclosure for reasons of convenience and/or patentability.
The disclosure will now be described in more details with reference to the following examples. While the foregoing written description of the disclosure enables one of ordinary skill to make and use what is considered presently to be the best mode thereof, those of ordinary skill will understand and appreciate the existence of variations, combinations, and equivalents of the specific embodiment, method, and examples herein. The disclosure should therefore not be limited by the abovedescribed embodiment, method, and following examples, but by all embodiments and methods within the scope and spirit of the disclosure.

EXAMPLES
Example 1: Boscalid + Mancozeb + Trifloxystrobin WDG
Composition Charge in (%)
Boscalid 14.5
Mancozeb 55 - 60
Trifloxystrobin 6.5
Ammonium sulphate 1-10
Sodium dioctyl sulphosuccinate 2
Sodium salt of naphthalene sulphonate formaldehyde condensate 2
Sodium salt of polycarboxylates 2
Silicon emulsion 0.5
Precipitated silica 1.5
China clay Q.S
Total 100
Manufacturing process:
The process for manufacture of composition is as follows: required quantity of boscalid, mancozeb and trifloxystrobin, and sodium dioctyl sulphosuccinate, sodium salt of polycarboxylates, sodium salt of naphthalene sulphonate formaldehyde condensate, ammonium sulphate, silicon emulsion, and required quantity of china clay were added in the pre-blender reactor and mixed for 1 hour. The mixture was milled through air jet mill instrument with Inlet pressure 2-3 kg/cm2, grinding pressure 6 kg/ cm2) to obtain the desired particle size (D90 < 12 microns. Collected the milled material and post blended the material for 1 hour. Extruded the granule at 35 rpm (1.0 mesh), collected the water dispersible granules, and dried at 50°C for 30 min to maintain moisture content it should be < 5%.
Example 2: Boscalid + Mancozeb + Trifloxystrobin WP
Composition Charge in (%)
Boscalid 14.5
Mancozeb 55 - 60
Trifloxystrobin 6.5
Butylated naphthalene sulphonic acid and dioctyl sulphosuccinate 3
Sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate 3
Silicon powder 1
Sodium salt of naphthalene sulphonates formaldehyde condensate 3
Precipitated silica Q.S
Lactose monohydrate 0-5
China clay Q.S
Total 100
Manufacturing Process:
Charged required quantity of boscalid, mancozeb and trifloxystrobin technical in ribbon blender. Then added Butylated naphthalene sulphonic acid and dioctyl sulphosuccinate, Sodium salt of naphthalene sulphonates formaldehyde condensate, sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, silicone powder, precipitated silica, lactose monohydrate and finally added china clay in required quantity and homogenize it for 30 minutes. Pre-blended material was then ground through Jet mill/ air classifier mills. Finely ground material was blended in post blender till it became homogeneous (for approx. 1.5 hr).
Evaluation of synergistic effect of the fungicidal composition of the present invention:
A synergistic effect exists whenever the action of an active ingredient combination is greater than the sum of the actions of the individual components.
After calculating % disease control, the synergism was calculated by the formula below:
The synergistic pesticidal action of the inventive mixtures calculated by Colby’s formula as follows:
Appropriate analysis of plant response to insecticide combination is critical in determining the type of activity observed. The most widely used model is the one Gowing derived and Colby modified. Gowing described a mathematical formula for calculating the predicting response values for pesticide mixtures. He suggested the expected (E) percent inhibition of growth induced by pesticide A plus pesticide B is as follows, (Jerry Flint et al, 1988)
The synergistic action expected for a given combination of three active components can be calculated as follows:
(A*B + A*C + B*C) A*B*C
Expected (E) = A + B + C -
+

100 10000
Where:
“E” represents expected percentage of pesticidal control for the combination of the two or three active ingredients at defined doses (for example equal to A, B and C, respectively).
“A” is the percentage of pesticidal control observed by compound A at a defined dose.
“B” is the percentage of pesticidal control observed by the compound B at a defined dose.
“C” is the percentage of pesticidal control observed by the compound C at a defined dose.
The synergistic action expected for given combination of two active components can be calculated as follows:
(A*B)
Expected (E) = A + B -

100

Where:
A - Percentage of pest control observed by compound A.
B - Percentage of pest control observed by compound B.
When the percentage of pesticidal control observed for the combination is greater than the expected percentage, there is a synergistic effect. (Ratio of O/E > 1, means synergism observed.)

Field efficacy trials:
Methodology:
The said combinations of Boscalid + Mancozeb + Trifloxystrobin have been evaluated among various pathogens of different crops. The fungicidal combination has been tested at three different doses levels viz., low, medium, and high, the same solo molecules as individual treatments and current competitive market standards were taken into note and the efficacy of all the molecules are evaluated and compared. The treatment details are mentioned in Table 1 along with the pathogen against which were tested. To justify the results the overall effect and other parameters are calculated over untreated check, to detect synergistic activity in the novel combinations Colby’s ratio is calculated from the results and to see their effect on crop, its yield is recorded. The crops are first divided into plots for each treatment and replicated three times following Randomized Block Design. The spraying method followed was foliar application with the help of a knapsack sprayer and three sprays are with an interval of 10 Days. The combinations are even tested against any signs of Phytotoxicity on the respective crops.
Crops Tomato, Chilli, Grape
Irrigated / Rainfed Irrigated
Design RBD
No. of treatments 9
No. of replications 3
Plot size 5 m x 5 m
No. of Sprays
Spray interval Three sprays
10 days
Water volume 500 l/ha
Equipment used Knapsack sprayer
Table 1. Treatment details
Treatment No. Treatment Dose
(gm a.i per ha)
T1 Boscalid 25.2% WG 189
T2 Trifloxystrobin 25% WG 87.5
T3 Mancozeb 75% WP 1500
T4 Boscalid 25.2% WG + Trifloxystrobin 25% WG 189+87.5
T5 Boscalid 25.2% WG + Mancozeb 75% WP 189+1500
T6 Trifloxystrobin 25% WG + Mancozeb 75% WP 87.5+1500
T7 Boscalid 14.5% + Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 60% WP 1012.5
T8 Boscalid 14.5% + Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 60% WDG 1012.5
T9 Untreated check
Method of observations:
Disease observations: select 5 random plants in the plot and the disease symptoms are scored based on disease rating scale and then the percentage disease index will be calculated.
The observations were taken 1 day before spraying and at 10 Days after spraying.
Take the observation on the crop safety of the fungicide i.e., Phytotoxicity / softener observation of fungicide after application at 5 and 10 Days after application.
Parameters of observations:
The disease severity is measured by an index, measured as –
Percent disease index (PDI) will be calculated by using following formula –
PDI = (Sum of all disease ratings)/(Total no.of leaves x Maximum disease grade) x 100
The percent reduction is calculated by the following formula –
% Reduction = ( PDI in control plot-PDI in treated plot )/(PDI in control plot)× 100
Results:

The fungicide combinations of Boscalid 14.5% + Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 60% WP and WDG formulations applied at 1012.5 gm a.i/ha as 1250 gm/ha in fprmulation were effective against wide range of diseases, so the different diseases controlled in different crops in the field experiments were enlisted below,
Tomato: Early Blight (Alternaria solani); Chilli: Anthracnose (Colletotricum capsica); Grape: Downy Mildew (Plasmopara viticola).

Example – 1: Tomato - Early blight

Table 2. Synegistic effect of Boscalid 14.5% + Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 60% combinations against Early blight disease incidence on Tomato crop
T.No Treatment combination Dose (gm ai/ha) % PDI
Expected (E) Observed (O)
T1 Boscalid 25.2% WG 189 44
T2 Trifloxystrobin 25% WG 87.5 48
T3 Mancozeb 75% WP 1500 45

T4 Boscalid 25.2% WG + Trifloxystrobin 25% WG 189+87.5 70.88 64
O/E 0.90
T5 Boscalid 25.2% WG + Mancozeb 75% WP 189+1500 69.2 72
O/E 1.04
T6 Trifloxystrobin 25% WG + Mancozeb 75% WP 87.5+1500 71.4 71
O/E 0.99
T7 Boscalid 14.5% + Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 60% WP 1012.5 83.9 96.52
O/E 1.15
T8 Boscalid 14.5% + Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 60% WDG 1012.5 83.9 94
O/E 1.12

The efficacy of Boscalid 14.5% + Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 60% with WP, WDG formulations was evaluated against Alternaria solani (early blight) in tomato crops through percent disease incidence (PDI). The study was conducted in a randomized block design with net plot size of 5mx5m. The crop was raised by following all the agronomic practices, three consecutive sprays were done with knapsack sprayer with 10 days spray interval (Table 2).
The percent disease index was calculated at the end of each spray. The target pathogen – Early blight and its results conclude that the fungicidal combination is highly effective against Early blight in tomato when applied in combination than when applied alone. The results revealed 96.52%, 94% in disease suppression in the Boscalid 14.5% + Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 60% WP, WDG treatments. The percent disease index in solo treatments and two way tank mixture application of the combinations did not record any satisfactory control. The present combination Boscalid 14.5% + Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 60% in both WP and WDG formulations were highly promising in control of early blight of tomato by recording a synergistic effect with a colby ratio of 1.15 and 1.12 respectively.
Table 3. Phytotoxicity of Boscalid 14.5% + Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 60% combinations and other fungicides on Tomato
Treatments Days Visual Rating Scale
Yellowing Necrosis Wilting Vein Leaf tip / Margin Dying Stunting / Dwarfing
Clearing
Boscalid 25.2% WG @ 189 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Trifloxystrobin 25% WG @ 87.5 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mancozeb 75% WP @ 1500 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Boscalid 25.2% WG + Trifloxystrobin 25% WG @ 189+87.5 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Boscalid 25.2% WG+Mancozeb 75% WP @ 189+1500 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tebuconazole 50% + Trifloxystrobin 25% WG @ 350 g/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Trifloxystrobin 25% WG + Mancozeb 75% WP @ 87.5+1500 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Boscalid 14.5% + Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 60% WP @ 1012.5 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Boscalid 14.5% + Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 60% WDG @ 1012.5 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Untreated check 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0

The phytotoxicity effect of the fungicide Boscalid 14.5% + Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 60% in both WP and WDG formulations and other fungicides showed no signs of phytotoxicity in the tomato crop. Hence, the combination is safe for the usage of Early Blight control in Tomato crop (Table 3).
Chilli Anthracnose:
Table 4. Effect of Boscalid 14.5% + Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 60% in combinations and other fungicides on Anthracnose of Chilli

T.No Treatment combination Dose (gm ai/ha) % PDI
Expected (E) Observed (O)
T1 Boscalid 25.2% WG 189 42
T2 Trifloxystrobin 25% WG 87.5 41
T3 Mancozeb 75% WP 1500 44
T4 Boscalid 25.2% WG + Trifloxystrobin 25% WG 189+87.5 65.78 60
O/E 0.91
T5 Boscalid 25.2% WG+Mancozeb 75% WP 189+1500 67.52 65
O/E 0.96
T6 Trifloxystrobin 25% WG + Mancozeb 75% WP 87.5+1500 66.96 62
O/E 0.93
T7 Boscalid 14.5% + Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 60% WP 1012.5 80.84 97
O/E 1.20
T8 Boscalid 14.5% + Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 60% WDG 1012.5 80.84 95
O/E 1.18

The efficacy of Boscalid 14.5% + Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 60% with WP, WDG formulations was evaluated against Leveillula taurica (Powdery Mildew) in chilli crop through percent disease incidence (PDI). The study was conducted in a randomized block design with net plot size of 5mx5m. The crop was raised by following all the agronomic practices, three consecutive sprays were done with knapsack sprayer with 10 days spray interval (Table 4).
The percent disease index was calculated at the end of each spray. The target pathogen – Anthracnose and its results conclude that the fungicidal combination is highly effective against Anthracnose in chilli when applied in combination than when applied alone. The results revealed 97%, 95% in disease suppression in the Boscalid 14.5% + Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 60% WP, WDG treatments. The percent disease index in solo treatments and two way tank mixture application of the combinations did not record any satisfactory control. The present combination Boscalid 14.5% + Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 60% in both WP and WDG formulations were highly promising in control of early blight of tomato by recording a synergistic effect with a colby ratio of 1.20 and 1.18 respectively.
Table 5. Phytotoxicity of Boscalid 14.5% + Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 60% combinations and other fungicides on Chilli
Treatments Days Visual Rating Scale
Yellowing Necrosis Wilting Vein Leaf tip / Margin Dying Stunting / Dwarfing
Clearing
Boscalid 25.2% WG @ 189 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Trifloxystrobin 25% WG @ 87.5 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mancozeb 75% WP @ 1500 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Boscalid 25.2% WG + Trifloxystrobin 25% WG @ 189+87.5 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Boscalid 25.2% WG+Mancozeb 75% WP @ 189+1500 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tebuconazole 50% + Trifloxystrobin 25% WG @ 350 g/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Trifloxystrobin 25% WG + Mancozeb 75% WP @ 87.5+1500 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Boscalid 14.5% + Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 60% WP @ 1012.5 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Boscalid 14.5% + Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 60% WDG @ 1012.5 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Untreated check 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0

The phytotoxicity effect of the fungicide Boscalid 14.5% + Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 60% in both WP and WDG formulations and other fungicides showed no signs of phytotoxicity in the chilli crop. Hence, the combination is safe for the usage of Anthracnose control in Chilli crop (Table 5).

Grape Downy Mildew:
Table 6. Effect of Boscalid 14.5% + Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 60% in combinations and other fungicides on Downy Mildew of Grape
T.No Treatment combination Dose (gm ai/ha) % PDI
Expected (E) Observed (O)
T1 Boscalid 25.2% WG 189 46
T2 Trifloxystrobin 25% WG 87.5 47
T3 Mancozeb 75% WP 1500 45
T4 Boscalid 25.2% WG + Trifloxystrobin 25% WG 189+87.5 71.38 61
O/E 0.85
T5 Boscalid 25.2% WG+Mancozeb 75% WP 189+1500 70.3 58
O/E 0.83
T6 Trifloxystrobin 25% WG + Mancozeb 75% WP 87.5+1500 70.85 62
O/E 0.88
T7 Boscalid 14.5% + Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 60% WP 1012.5 83.91 95
O/E 1.13
T8 Boscalid 14.5% + Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 60% WDG 1012.5 83.91 93.66
O/E 1.12

The efficacy of Boscalid 14.5% + Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 60% with WP, WDG formulations was evaluated Plasmopara viticola (Downy Mildew) in grape crop through percent disease incidence (PDI). The study was conducted in a randomized block design with net plot size of 5mx5m. The crop was raised by following all the agronomic practices, three consecutive sprays were done with knapsack sprayer with 10 days spray interval (Table 6).
The percent disease index was calculated at the end of each spray. The target pathogen – Downy mildew and its results conclude that the fungicidal combination is highly effective against Downy mildew in grape when applied in combination than when applied alone. The results revealed 95%, 93.66% in disease suppression in the Boscalid 14.5% + Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 60% WP, WDG treatments. The percent disease index in solo treatments and two way tank mixture application of the combinations did not record any satisfactory control.
The present combination Boscalid 14.5% + Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 60% in both WP and WDG formulations were highly promising in control of early blight of tomato by recording a synergistic effect with a colby ratio of 1.13 and 1.12 respectively.
Table 7. Phytotoxicity of Boscalid 14.5% + Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 60% combinations and other fungicides on Grape
Treatments Days Visual Rating Scale
Yellowing Necrosis Wilting Vein Leaf tip / Margin Dying Stunting / Dwarfing
Clearing
Boscalid 25.2% WG @ 189 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Trifloxystrobin 25% WG @ 87.5 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mancozeb 75% WP @ 1500 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Boscalid 25.2% WG + Trifloxystrobin 25% WG @ 189+87.5 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Boscalid 25.2% WG+Mancozeb 75% WP @ 189+1500 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tebuconazole 50% + Trifloxystrobin 25% WG @ 350 g/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Trifloxystrobin 25% WG + Mancozeb 75% WP @ 87.5+1500 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Boscalid 14.5% + Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 60% WP @ 1012.5 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Boscalid 14.5% + Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 60% WDG @ 1012.5 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Untreated check 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0

The phytotoxicity effect of the fungicide Boscalid 14.5% + Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 60% in both WP and WDG formulations and other fungicides showed no signs of phytotoxicity in the grape crop. Hence, the combination is safe for the usage of Downy mildew control in Grape crop (Table 7). ,CLAIMS:We claim:
1. A synergistic fungicidal composition comprising:
boscalid,
mancozeb,
trifloxystrobin; and,
at least one agriculturally acceptable excipient.

2. The composition as claimed in claim 1, comprising:
boscalid in an amount in the range of 5-30% by weight,
mancozeb in an amount in the range of 30-65% by weight,
trifloxystrobin in an amount in the range of 0.5-15% by weight; and,
at least one agriculturally acceptable excipient.

3. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein agrochemically acceptable excipient are selected from a carrier, an antifoaming agent, a wetting agent, a filler, an anticaking agent, a pH modifier, a disintegrant, a dispersing agent, a surfactant or combinations thereof; wherein, the concentration of agrochemically acceptable excipient is in the range from about 0.01% to about 50% w/w of the total weight of the composition.

4. The composition as claimed in claim 3, wherein, the wetting agent is selected from the group comprising of sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, sodium di-isopropyl naphthalene sulphonates, sodium dioctyl sulphosuccinate, and naphthalene sulfonic acid and phenol sulphonic acid sodium salt, present in a range from 1 to 5% (w/w).

5. The composition as claimed in claim 3, wherein the dispersing agent is selected from the group comprising of butylated naphthalene sulphonic acid and dioctyl sulphosuccinate, sodium salt of naphthalene sulphonates formaldehyde condensate, modified styrene acrylic polymer, sodium salt of polycarboxylates, modified polyacrylate, acrylate co-polymer, and mixture of salt of naphthalene sulphonic acid and phenol sulphonic acid condensation product, and combination thereof, present in a range from 1 to 10% (w/w).

6. The composition as claimed in claim 3, wherein the antifoaming agent is selected from silicon powder, and silicone emulsion, present in a range from 0.1 to 2% (w/w).

7. The composition as claimed in claim 3, wherein the anti-caking agent is precipitated silica (silicon dioxide), present in a range from 0.1 to 5% (w/w).

8. The composition as claimed in claim 3, wherein said fillers are selected from one or more of precipitated silica, china clay, lactose monohydrate, starch, aluminium hydroxide, and combination thereof.

9. The composition as claimed in claim 3, wherein the disintegrating agent is selected from sodium sulphate, ammonium sulphate, and sodium sulphate (anhydrous), present in a range from 0.5 to 20% (w/w).

10. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composition is formulated as Water dispersible granules (WDG/ WG), Wettable powder formulation (WP) formulation or Soluble granule (SG).