DESC:FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a synergistic herbicidal composition comprising the aryloxyphenoxypropionate herbicide metamifop and at least one ALS-inhibiting herbicide selected from penoxsulam, bispyribac sodium, pyrazosulfuron, or metsulfuron-methyl, formulated in various types including OD, WDG, SC, and EC. These compositions provide enhanced broad-spectrum weed control with improved environmental safety and reduced dosage requirements.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Crop protection is the practice of protecting the crop yields from pests, weeds, plant diseases, and other organisms that damage agricultural crops, which is critical from early stages of crop development. Preventing weed growth in the entire crop cycle leads to increased crop quality and yield. Control of weeds is extremely important in achieving high crop efficiency. Herbicides help to minimize this damage by controlling the growth of weeds. The use of two or more appropriate active ingredient combinations in specific dose ratios leads to synergism in crop protection. In addition to this, often highly destructive weeds can be difficult to control and may develop resistance to commercial herbicides. Many products are commercially available for these purposes, but there is still a continues need to develop new herbicidal combinations which are more effective, less costly, less toxic, environmentally safer and have different sites of action.
The biggest challenge in field of crop protection is to reduce the dosage rate of active ingredients to diminish or circumvent environmental or toxicological effects without compromising on effective crop protection against weeds, in addition to long lasting and broad-spectrum protection from weeds. Another challenge is to reduce the excessive application of solo chemical compounds or herbicides which invariably helps in rapid selection of weeds and aid in developing natural or adapted resistance against the active compound. Therefore, it is indeed necessary to use the herbicidal combinations in lower doses, fast acting with the different mode of action that can provide long lasting control against broad spectrum weed control and check the resistance development in weeds. The composition should have high synergistic action, no cross resistance to existing herbicide agents, avoid excess loading of the toxicant to the environment and negligible impact to environmental safety. A need also exists for synergistic herbicidal compositions which could be physico-compatible formulations in the form of storage stability, safe packaging, and ready to use formulation.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
The primary objective of the present invention is to provide a synergistic herbicidal combination comprising the combination of a) metamifop, and b) at least one ALS inhibiting herbicide selected from penoxsulam, bispyribac sodium, pyrazosulfuron, or metsulfuron-methyl.
It is a further object of the invention to formulate the said combination into a chemically compatible and physically stable composition, suitable for application through conventional agricultural spraying equipment.
Another objective of the present invention to develop a formulation that offers broad-spectrum control of grassy, broadleaf, and sedge weeds.
It is also an object of the invention to offer an economically viable and field-effective solution that minimizes the need for multiple spray rounds and reduces environmental load.
The details of one or more embodiments of this disclosure are set forth in the accompanying description below and other features, objects, and advantages will be apparent from the description.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
The present disclosure pertains to the technical field of agricultural compositions. In particular, the present disclosure pertains to herbicidal compositions comprising compounds for preventing or control of broad-spectrum grassy, broadleaf, and sedge weeds.
In an aspect, the present disclosure provides synergistic herbicidal composition comprising:
Metamifop or agriculturally acceptable salts thereof;
At least one ALS inhibiting herbicide selected from penoxsulam, bispyribac sodium, pyrazosulfuron, or metsulfuron-methyl; and
one or more agriculturally acceptable formulation excipients.
In another aspect, the insecticidal composition of the present invention provides a method of controlling or preventing or killing weeds/ unwanted plants, said composition comprising:
Metamifop or agriculturally acceptable salts thereof;
At least one ALS inhibiting herbicide selected from penoxsulam, bispyribac sodium, pyrazosulfuron, or metsulfuron-methyl; and
One or more agriculturally acceptable formulation excipients.
In another aspect, the synergistic composition of the present invention may be formulated as Oil Dispersion (OD), Water Dispersible Granules (WDG), Suspension Concentrate (SC) or Emulsifiable Concentrate (EC).
These and other objectives and embodiments of the invention will become more fully apparent when the following detailed description is read with the accompanying study details and examples. However, both the foregoing summary of the invention and the following detailed description of it represent one potential experiment and embodiment and are not restrictive of the invention or other alternate embodiments of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present disclosure / specification refers to a synergistic herbicidal combination and the process for the preparation for crop protection.
The definitions provided herein below for the terminologies used in the present disclosure are for illustrative purpose only and in no manner limit, the scope of the present invention disclosed in the present disclosure.
The term “combination” can be replaced with the words “mixture” or “composition”, or “formulation” defined or refers to as combining two or more active ingredients formulated in desired formulations.
As used herein, the terms “comprises”, “comprising”, “includes”, “including”, “has”, “having”, “contains”, “containing”, “characterized by” or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, subject to any limitation explicitly indicated. For example, a composition, mixture, process or method that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such composition, mixture, process or method.
As used herein, the term “agriculturally acceptable excipients” or “excipients” or "additive(s)" or “agriculturally acceptable additives” or "auxiliaries" or "agriculturally acceptable carrier(s)" can be used interchangeably and refers to inert substances which are commonly used as diluent, to provide stability or to increase the activity profile of the composition or formulation with or without having agrochemical activity.
The term “pesticide” as used in this specification refers to a substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying, repelling, or mitigating any pest or weeds which causes damage to the crop. Herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides are used as pesticides which control weeds and insect pests and disease-causing pathogens respectively that eventually leads to high yield of crops.
The term “herbicides” as used in this specification refers to a substance or mixture of substances used to kill, control, or eliminate unwanted plants or vegetation, commonly known as weeds that cause economic damage to crop and ornamental plants.
The term “synergism” as used in this specification refers to the interaction between two or more active compounds or other factors to produce a combined effect greater than the sum of their separate effects. The present invention involves the mixture of two active ingredients which has increased efficacy when compared to individual use and admixture of those components.
The expression of various quantities in the terms of “% w/w” means the percentage by weight, relative to the weight of the total composition unless otherwise specified.
The expression of various quantities in the terms of “g.a.i/ha” means the gram active ingredient per hectare. The term “g.a.i/ha” is similar to gm/ha.
The inventors of the present invention conducted extensive study and came up with suitable composition comprising effective amount of specific adjuvants.
In one embodiment, the present invention provides a synergistic herbicidal composition comprising of a) Metamifop, and b) At least one ALS inhibiting herbicide selected from penoxsulam, bispyribac sodium, pyrazosulfuron, and metsulfuron-methyl.
According to the present embodiment, the present invention provides a synergistic herbicidal composition comprising of a) metamifop, and b) at least one ALS inhibiting herbicide selected from penoxsulam, bispyribac sodium, pyrazosulfuron ethyl, and metsulfuron-methyl and c) at least one agriculturally acceptable excipient.
According to the present embodiment, agriculturally acceptable excipients selected from but not limited to the group comprising carrier, surfactant, stabilizer, anti-freezing agent, antifoaming agent, anticaking agent, dispersing agent, adjuvant and other auxiliaries. These are selected according to the respective types of formulation requirements, and which will facilitate the preparation of different formulations.
In one embodiment, the present invention provides a synergistic herbicidal composition comprising of
Metamifop or agriculturally acceptable salts thereof;
Penoxsulam or agriculturally acceptable salts thereof; and
At least one agriculturally acceptable excipient.
In one embodiment, the present invention provides a synergistic herbicidal composition comprising of
Metamifop or agriculturally acceptable salts thereof;
Bispyribac sodium; and
At least one agriculturally acceptable excipient.
In one embodiment, the present invention provides a synergistic herbicidal composition comprising of
Metamifop or agriculturally acceptable salts thereof;
Pyrazosulfuron ethyl; and
At least one agriculturally acceptable excipient.
In one embodiment, the present invention provides a synergistic herbicidal composition comprising of
Metamifop or agriculturally acceptable salts thereof;
Metsulfuron-methyl; and
At least one agriculturally acceptable excipient.
The composition of the present invention is formulated in a manner which suits the specific application. The formulation is selected from Capsule suspension (CS), Dispersible concentrate (DC), Emulsifiable concentrate (EC), Emulsion, water in oil (EO), Emulsion, oil in water (EW), Micro-emulsion (ME), Oil dispersion (OD), Oil miscible flowable concentrate (oil miscible suspension (OF), Oil miscible liquid (OL), Suspension concentrate (SC), Suspo-emulsion (SE), Soluble concentrate (SL), Water dispersible granule (WG or WDG), Water soluble granule (SG), Water soluble powder (SP), Wettable powder (WP), A mixed formulation of CS and SC (ZC), A mixed formulation of CS and SE (ZE), a mixed formulation of CS and EW (ZW), Granule (GR) for soil application includes controlled release granules (CR), Jambo balls or bags (bags in water soluble pouch).
In preferred embodiment of the present invention the herbicidal composition is formulated as Oil dispersion (OD), Suspension Concentrate (SC), Water Dispersible Granules (WDG), and Emulsifiable Concentrate (EC) formulations.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, the herbicidal composition of the present invention is formulated as Oil Dispersion (OD) formulation comprising:
Metamifop or agrochemically acceptable salt(s) thereof is present in the range of 5-40% by weight; preferably in an amount in the range of 10-30% by weight; furthermore, preferably in an amount in the range of 19 % by weight;
Penoxsulam or agrochemically acceptable salt(s) thereof is present in the range of 0.1-15% by weight; preferably in an amount in the range of 1-10% by weight; furthermore, preferably in an amount in the range of 6 % by weight; and
At least one agrochemically acceptable excipient in an amount in the range of 0.01-90% by weight.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, the herbicidal composition of the present invention is formulated as a Water dispersible granule (WDG) formulation, comprising:
Metamifop or agrochemically acceptable salt(s) thereof is present in the range of 5-40% by weight; preferably in an amount in the range of 10-30% by weight; furthermore, preferably in an amount in the range of 19 % by weight;
Bispyribac Sodium or agrochemically acceptable salt(s) thereof is present in the range of 0.1-15% by weight; preferably in an amount in the range of 1-10% by weight; furthermore, preferably in an amount in the range of 6 % by weight; and
at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient in an amount in the range of 0.01-90% by weight.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, the herbicidal composition of the present invention is formulated as a Suspension concentrate (SC) formulation, comprising:
Metamifop or agrochemically acceptable salt(s) thereof is present in the range of 5-40% by weight; preferably in an amount in the range of 10-30% by weight; furthermore, preferably in an amount in the range of 19 % by weight;
Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl or agrochemically acceptable salt(s) thereof is present in the range of 0.1-15% by weight; preferably in an amount in the range of 1-10% by weight; furthermore, preferably in an amount in the range of 4 % by weight; and
at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient in an amount in the range of 0.01-90% by weight.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, the herbicidal composition of the present invention is formulated as Emulsifiable concentrate (EC) formulation, comprising:
Metamifop or agrochemically acceptable salt(s) thereof is present in the range of 5-40% by weight; preferably in an amount in the range of 10-30% by weight; furthermore, preferably in an amount in the range of 19.25 % by weight;
Metsulfuron-methyl or agrochemically acceptable salt(s) thereof is present in the range of 0.1-15% by weight; preferably in an amount in the range of 0.1-10% by weight; furthermore, preferably in an amount in the range of 0.75 % by weight; and
At least one agrochemically acceptable excipient in an amount in the range of 0.01-90% by weight.
Another embodiment of the present invention, the synergistic herbicidal composition of present invention used in different dose ratios shows effective weed control in broad spectrum of weeds and increases the crop yield, quality, lesser dose ratios and shows no phytotoxicity compared to single components, admixture of these components and other available market standards. By this the herbicidal composition of present invention achieves synergistic effect along with economical value product and improved environmental safety by reducing toxicity and residue deposit in soil and in crops.
Another embodiment of the present invention, a method of controlling annual grasses, sedges and broad leaf weeds comprising synergistic herbicidal composition applying to the location of weed in effective amount.
Another embodiment of the present invention, the herbicidal composition obtained from the present invention is used to control broadleaf weeds, sedges and annual grasses in rice, wheat, fruits, roots, tubers, vegetables, maize, grains, sugarcane, cereals, field crops and various other crops for general weed control.
Another embodiment of the present invention, the synergistic herbicidal composition can be applied to pre-emergent or early-post or post-emergent stages for weed control by conventional spraying methods, such as foliar application etc., over the target areas of weeds or vegetation at same time avoiding excessive drift or runoff of the composition securing thorough coverage.
The inactive excipients used in various formulations are as follows:
The Oil Dispersion formulation (OD) of the present invention comprises agrochemically acceptable excipients including, but not limited to, wetting agent(s), wetting-spreading-penetrating agent(s), emulsifying agent(s), dispersing agent(s), stabilizer(s), antifoaming agent(s), antifreezing agent(s), solvent(s), and co solvent(s).
The Wetting agent of OD is selected from, but not limited to, ethylene oxide / propylene oxide block copolymer, polyarylphenyl ether phosphate, ethoxylated fatty alcohol, sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate, sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, alkyldiphenyl sulfonates, sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, alkylnaphthalene sulfonate or mixture thereof.
The Wetting-spreading-penetrating agent of OD is selected from, but not limited to, Organosilicone surfactants includes trisiloxane ethoxylate, polydimethylsiloxane, polyoxyethylene methyl polysiloxane, polyoxyalkylene methyl polysiloxane, polyether polymethyl siloxane copolymer, heptamethyl trisiloxane, Polyalkyleneoxide modified heptamethyl trisiloxane, polyether modified polysiloxane, may or may not be in modified form, may be liquid or powder form or mixture thereof.
The Emulsifying agent of OD is selected from, but not limited to, castor oil ethoxylates, alcohol ethoxylates, fatty acid ethoxylates, sorbitan ester ethoxylates, sulphosuccinate, calcium salts of dodecylbenzene sulphonate, alkylammonium salts of alkylbenzene sulphonate, alkylsulphosuccinate salts, ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block copolymers, ethoxylated alkylamines, ethoxylated alkyl phenols, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, polyxyethylene sobitol hexaoleate, ethoxylated sorbiton ester or mixture thereof.
The Dispersing agent of OD is selected from, but not limited to, alkyl sulfonates, alkyl benzene sulfonates, alkyl aryl sulfonates, alkylphenolalkoxylates, tristyrylphenol ethoxylates, natural or synthetic fatty ethoxylate alcohols, natural or synthetic fatty acid alkoxylates, natural or synthetic fatty alcohols alkoxylates, alkoxylated alcohols (such as n-butyl alcohol poly glycol ether), block copolymers (such as ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block copolymers and ethylene oxide butylene oxide block copolymers), fatty acid-polyalkylene glycol condensates, polyamine-fatty acid condensates, polyester condensates, salts of polyolefin condensates, sodium ligno sulfonate, sodium ploycarboxylate, EO/PO based copolymer, phenol sulfonate, sodium methyl oleoyl taurate, styrene acrylic acid copolymer, propyleneoxide-ethyleneoxide-copolymer, polyethylene glycol 2,4,6- tristyrylphenyl ether, tristyrylphenol-polyglycolether-phosphate, tristyrylphenole with 16 moles EO, tristyrylphenol-polyglycolether-phosphate, oleyl-polyglycolether with ethylene oxide, tallow fattyamine polyethylene oxide, nonylphenol polyglycolether with 9-10 moles ethylene oxide or mixture thereof.
The Stabilizers/Rheology modifier of OD is selected from, but not limited to, hectorite clay, aluminium magnesium silicate, bentonite clay, silica, attapulgite clay or mixture thereof.
The Antifoaming agent of OD is selected from, but not limited to, silicone oil, silicone compound, C10 ~C20 saturated fat acid compounds or C8 ~C10 aliphatic alcohols compound, silicone antifoam emulsion, dimethylsiloxane, polydimethyl siloxane, vegetable oil based antifoam, tallow based fatty acids, polyalkyleneoxide modified polydimethylsiloxane or mixture thereof.
The Anti-freezing agent of OD is selected from, but not limited to, ethylene glycol, propane diols, glycerine or the urea, glycol (Monoethylene glycol, Diethylene glycol, Polypropylene glycol, Polyethylene glycol), glycerine, urea, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, sodium chloride etc.
Preservative-1,2-benzisothiazolin-3(2H)- one, sodium salt, sodium benzoate, 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol, formaldehyde, sodium o-phenylphenate, 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one & 2-methyl-4- isothiazolin-3-one or mixture thereof.
The Solvent of OD is selected from, but not limited to, as solvent for the present formulation is selected from and not limited to vegetable oil (plant, seed or tree) or its alkylated or ethoxylated or esterified. The alkylated vegetable oil may be methylated vegetable oil or ethylated vegetable oil. The vegetable oils include olive oil, kapok oil, castor oil, papaya oil, camellia oil, sesame oil, corn oil, rice bran oil, cotton seed oil, soybean oil, groundnut oil, rapeseed-mustard oil, linseed oil, tung oil, sunflower oil, safflower oil, coconut oil. The alkyl ester of vegetable oils includes methyl ester, ethyl ester, propyl ester or butyl ester of vegetable oils. Some of the examples are methylated seed oil, polyalkyleneoxide modified polydimethylsiloxane alkylphenol ethoxylate, rapeseed oil methyl ester, rapeseed oil ethyl ester, rapeseed oil propyl esters, rapeseed oil butyl esters, soybean oil methyl ester, soybean oil ethyl ester, soybean oil propyl ester, soybean oil butyl ester, castor oil methyl ester, castor oil ethyl ester, castor oil propyl ester, castor oil butyl ester, cotton seed oil methyl ester, cotton seed oil ethyl ester, cotton seed oil butyl ester, cotton seed oil propyl ester, tall oil fatty acids esters-tallow methyl ester, tallow ethyl ester, tallow propyl ester, bio-diesel, mineral oil (aromatic solvents, isoparaffin, base solvent), fatty acid amides (e.g. C1 -C3 amines, alkylamines or alkanolamines with C6-C18 carboxylic acids), fatty acids, alkyl esters of fatty acids, methyl and ethyl oleate, methyl and ethyl soyate, alkyl benzenes and alkylnaphthalenes, polyalkylene glycol ethers, fatty acid diesters, fatty alkylamides and diamides, dialkylene carbonates, ketones and alcohols may be used as solo or mixture thereof.
The Co-solvent of OD is selected from, but not limited to, Cyclohexanone, Acetophenone, NMP, Dimethyl sulfoxide, Benzyl alcohol, Butanol, N-octanol, N25 Propanol, 2-ethyl hexanol, Tetrahydro furfuryl alcohol, Isophorone, Fatty acid dimethyl amide, 2-hexylethyl lactate, Propylene carbonate or mixture thereof.
Manufacturing Process for Oil Dispersion (OD) Formulation:
Part A – Liquid Premix Preparation (OD):
Step 1: Begin by charging vegetable oil, solvent, or a combination of both into a mixing vessel equipped with an anchor-type stirrer.
Step 2: Add the emulsifiers and dispersing agents while stirring continuously until all components are completely dissolved.
Part B – Slurry Preparation (OD):
Step 1: Transfer the liquid premix into a second vessel fitted with a high-shear stirrer and a system for heating and cooling.
Step 2: Introduce the active ingredients and homogenize the mixture thoroughly. Perform pre-milling, and then achieve the desired particle size distribution through final milling, using a bead mill if necessary, as per the required specifications.
Part C – Thickener Gel Preparation (OD):
Step 1: Load the vegetable/plant/seed oil or solvent into another vessel equipped with a high-shear mixing system.
Step 2: Slowly add the thickening agent(s) while maintaining high-shear mixing, ensuring a uniform blend.
Step 3: Add the thickener activator(s) while continuing to stir.
Allow the gel to swell further under continuous mixing.
Part D – Final Formulation (OD):
Step 1: Add the prepared thickener gel to the formulation and disperse the mixture using a high-shear stirrer.
Step 2: Incorporate the recommended wetting agents, spreading agents, or adjuvants (either silicone-based or non-silicone based), and disperse thoroughly using high shear mixing.
Step 3: Evaluate the final formulation to ensure it meets the defined specifications.
Step 4: Once approved, fill the product into designated packaging sizes.
The Suspension Concentrate formulation (SC) of the present invention comprises agrochemically acceptable excipients including, but not limited to, wetting agent(s), wetting-spreading-penetrating agent(s), dispersing agent(s), suspending agent(s), antifoaming agent(s), antifreezing agent(s), preservative(s), thickener(s) and humectants(s).
The Wetting agent of SC is selected from, but not limited to, ethylene oxide/propylene oxide (EO/PO) block copolymer, poly aryl phenyl ether phosphate, polyalkoxylated butyl ether, ethoxylated fatty alcohol, sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate, sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, alkyl diphenyl sulfonates, sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate. Ethoxylated alcohol includes natural fatty alcohol (lauryl alcohol ethoxylate, lauryl alcohol alkoxylate), synthetic alcohol ethoxylate (tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate, 2-ethyl hexanol, 2-propylheptanol, isodecyl alcohol or mixture thereof.
The Wetting-spreading-penetrating agent of SC is selected from, but not limited to, trisiloxane ethoxylate, heptamethyl trisiloxane, modified form includes polyalkyleneoxide modified heptamethyl trisiloxane, polyether modified polysiloxane, polyalkyleneoxide modified trisiloxane, polyalkyleneoxide modified polydimethylsiloxane, may be liquid or powder form and methylated seed oil or mixture thereof.
The Dispersing agent of SC is selected from, but not limited to, Naphthalenesulfonic acid, sodium salt condensate with formaldehyde, alkylated naphthalene sulfonate, sodium salt, sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonate condensate, sodium ligno sulfonate, sodium polycarboxylate, EO/PO based copolymer, phenol sulfonate, sodium methyl oleoyl taurate, styrene acrylic acid copolymer, propylene oxide-ethylene oxide-copolymer, polyethylene glycol 2,4,6-tristyrylphenyl ether, tristyrylphenol-polyglycol ether-phosphate, tristyrylphenole with 16 moles EO, tristyrylphenol-polyglycol ether-phosphate, oleyl-polyglycol ether with ethylene oxide, tallow fatty amine polyethylene oxide, nonylphenol polyglycol ether with 9-10 moles ethylene oxide, Polymethyl methacrylate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer, Ethylene-propylene oxide block copolymer or mixture thereof.
The Suspending agent of SC is selected from, but not limited to, aluminium magnesium silicate, bentonite clay, silica, attapulgite clay or mixture thereof.
The Antifoaming agent of SC is selected from, but not limited to, silicone antifoam emulsion, dimethyl siloxane, polydimethyl siloxane, vegetable oil based antifoam, tallow based fatty acids or mixture thereof.
The Anti-freezing agent of SC is selected from, but not limited to, ethylene glycol, propane diols, glycerin or the urea, glycol (monoethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol), glycerin, urea, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, sodium chloride or mixture thereof.
The Preservatives of SC is selected from, but not limited to, 1,2- benzisothiazolin-3(2H)-one, sodium salt, sodium benzoate, 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol, formaldehyde, sodium o-phenyl phenate, 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one & 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one or mixture thereof.
The Thickeners of SC is selected from, but not limited to, xanthan gum, PVK, carboxymethyl celluloses, polyvinyl alcohols, gelatin, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, sodium polyacrylate, modified starch, acacia gum or mixture thereof.
The Humectant of SC is selected from, but not limited to, urea, humic acid, glycerol, lactose or mixture thereof.
Manufacturing Process for Suspension Concentrate (SC) Formulation
Step 1: Gel Preparation
An appropriate quantity of water is introduced into a vessel fitted with a high-shear stirrer, and mixing is initiated. Preservative(s) are then added and stirred until a uniform blend is obtained. Thickener(s) are gradually incorporated under vigorous agitation to ensure thorough wetting and dispersion.
Step 2: Base Preparation
In a separate vessel equipped with both a bulk agitator and a high-shear homogenizer, the required volume of water is added, and agitation is started. Anti-freezing agent(s) are then incorporated and mixed to ensure uniform distribution. Following this, antifoaming agent(s) are added and fully dispersed. Wetting and dispersing agent(s) are then introduced and stirred until completely and uniformly blended.
Step 3: Active Ingredient Addition and Milling
The active compound(s) are added to the mixture, and agitation is continued until complete dissolution or uniform dispersion is achieved. This pre-mix is first processed through a colloid mill and then through a dyno mill to achieve the required particle size distribution as per specification.
Step 4: Final Mixing and Viscosity Adjustment
Remaining antifoaming agent(s) are added to the milled SC base in a vessel equipped with a bulk agitator. Mixing is continued until uniformity is reached. A pre-prepared 2% aqueous gel along with suspending agent(s) is then added, and the mixture is stirred until it becomes homogeneous and reaches the desired viscosity.
Step 5: Quality Control
The final formulation is submitted for quality control evaluation to ensure it meets all required specifications.
Step 6: Packaging
Upon QC approval, the product is packed into its designated container sizes.
The wettable granule/ water dispersible granule formulation (WG/WDG) of the present invention comprises agrochemically acceptable excipients including, but not limited to, dispersing agent(s), wetting agent(s), antifoaming agent(s), carrier(s), disintegrating agent(s) and humectants(s).
The Dispersing agents of WG/WDG is selected from, but not limited to, alkylnaphthalene sulfonate sodium salt, sodium polycarboxylate, naphthalene sulfonic acid, sodium salt condensates with formaldehyde, polyalcoxylated alkylphenol, naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate, methyl naphthalene-formaldehyde-condensate sodium salt, naphthalene condensates, lignosulfonates, polyacrylates and phosphate esters, calcium lignosulfonate, lignin sulfonate sodium salt, modified sodium lignosulphonate, modified polyacrylate copolymer or mixture thereof.
The Wetting agents of WG/WDG is selected from, but not limited to, sodium N-methyl-N-oleoyl taurate, alkylated naphthalene sulfonate, sodium salt, mixture of isomers of dibutyl naphthalene sulphonic acid sodium salt, sodium diisopropyl naphthalene sulphonate, sodium Lauryl sulfate, dioctyl sulfate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonates, phosphate esters, sulphosuccinates and non-ionic such as tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate, alkyl or alkaryl sulfonates such as alkylbenzene sulfonates, alpha olefin sulfonate and alkyl naphthalene sulfonates, ethoxylated or non-ethoxylated alkyl or alkaryl carboxylates, alkyl or alkaryl phosphate esters, alkyl polysaccharide, di or mono alkyl sulfosuccinate derivatives, alpha olefin sulfonates, alkyl naphthalene sulfonates, dialkyl sulphosuccinates, butyl, dibutyl, isopropyl and di-isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate salts, C12 alkyl benzene sulfonate or C10-C16 alkyl benzene sulfonate, organosilicons surfactants includes trisiloxane ethoxylate, polydimethylsiloxane, polyoxyethylene methyl polysiloxane, polyoxyalkylene methyl polysiloxane, polyether polymethyl siloxane copolymer, trisiloxane heptamethyl, Polyalkyleneoxide modified heptamethyl trisiloxane, polyether modified polysiloxane, may or may not be in modified form, may be liquid or powder form or mixture thereof.
The Antifoaming agent of WG/WDG is selected from, but not limited to, polydimethylsiloxane.
The Carrier of WG/WDG is selected from, but not limited to, china clay, silica, lactose anhydrous, ammonium sulfate, sodium sulfate anhydrous, corn starch, urea, EDTA, urea formaldehyde resin, diatomaceous earth, kaolin, bentonite, kieselguhr, fuller's earth, attapulgite clay, bole, loess, talc, chalk, dolomite, limestone, lime, calcium carbonate, powdered magnesia, magnesium oxide, magnesium sulphate, sodium chloride, gypsum, calcium sulphate, pyrophyllite, silicates and silica gels; fertilizers such as, for example, ammonium sulphate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate and urea; natural products of vegetable origin such as, for example, grain meals and flours, bark meals, wood meals, nutshell meals and cellulosic powders; and synthetic polymeric materials such as, for example, ground or powdered plastics and resins, bentonites, zeolites, titanium dioxide, iron oxides and hydroxides, aluminium oxides and hydroxides, or organic materials such as bagasse, charcoal, or synthetic organic polymers or mixture thereof.
The Disintegrating agent of WG/WDG is selected from, but not limited to, citric acid, succinic acid or the sodium bicarbonate, tri sodium citrate or mixture thereof.
The Humectant of WG/WDG is selected from, but not limited to, urea, humic acid, glycerol, lactose or mixture thereof.
Manufacturing Process for Wettable Granule / Water Dispersible Granule (WG/WDG)
Step 1: Blending of Ingredients
The required amount of active ingredient(s) is accurately weighed, and the necessary binder(s) and surfactant(s) are added into a blender. The contents are thoroughly mixed to ensure complete homogenization.
Step 2: Milling and Post-Blending
The blended mixture is subjected to milling to meet the required wet sieve specifications, followed by post-blending to ensure uniformity throughout the mixture.
Step 3: Granulation
The homogenous material obtained is fed into an extruder to produce granules of the desired particle size.
Step 4: Drying
The wet granules are then transferred to a fluidized bed dryer, where excess moisture is effectively removed.
Step 5: Sieving and Grading
The dried granules are passed through a vibro shifter and further separated and graded using vibrating screens to achieve consistent granule size.
Step 6: Collection
The finished granules are collected from the vibro shifter and stored in collection drums.

Step 7: Quality Testing
A sample of the final product is submitted to the Quality Control (QC) department for testing and approval.
Step 8: Packaging
Upon receiving QC approval, the granules are packed into drums of appropriate sizes as required.
Further essential aspect of the present invention green solvent for Emulsifiable concentrates (EC) formulation is selected from n-hexanol (1-hexanol), n-butanol (1-butanol), isobutanol (2- methyl-1-propanol), lactate esters, cyclopentylmethylethe, methyl tertbutyl ether, hexylene glycol, dipropyleneglycol, gamma butyrolactone, acetophenone, 1-methoxy-2-propanol, white mineral oil, g-valerolactone, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, propylene carbonate, polyethylene glycol, oleic acid, fatty acid methyl ester, Tris (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, mixture of octanoic acid, decanoic acid, N,N-dimethylamide, 2-ethylhexyl acetate, n-octyl-2-pyrrolidone, pentanol mixture of isomer, isobutanol, lactic acid dimethyl amide, 3-methoxy-N, N-dimethyl propionamide.
In a further aspect of the present invention emulsifier for Emulsifiable concentrates (EC) formulation selected more preferably from polysorbate 20 (polyoxyehtylene sorbitan monolaurate-Tween 20, polysorbate 60 (polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate-Tween 60), polysorbate 65 (polyoxyethylene sorbitan tristearate-Tween 65), polysorbate 80 (polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate-Tween 80).
In a further aspect of the present invention a super wetting-spreading-penetrating agent for Emulsifiable concentrates (EC) formulation is selected from Methylated seed oil, polyalkyleneoxide modified trisiloxane; Methylated seed oil, polyalkyleneoxide modified polydimethylsiloxane; Methylated seed oil, trisiloxane ethoxylate; Methylated seed oil, polyoxyethylene methyl polysiloxane; Methylated seed oil, polyether polymethyl siloxane copolymer; Methylated seed oil, polyether modified polysiloxane wherein seed oil is selected most preferably from sunflower oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil cotton seed oil or their blend.
In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method for controlling weed growth in agricultural crops, the method comprising the step of applying an effective amount of the synergistic herbicidal composition as described herein to the area infested with weeds. The method involves foliar application over the target crop or soil surface during pre-emergent, early post-emergent, or post-emergent stages of weed development.
The composition comprises:
(a) Metamifop;
(b) At least one ALS inhibiting herbicide selected from penoxsulam, bispyribac sodium, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, and metsulfuron-methyl; and
(c) One or more agriculturally acceptable excipients.
The herbicidal compositions can be formulated in OD, WDG, SC, or EC formulations and may be applied using conventional agricultural spray equipment, such as a knapsack sprayer fitted with flat-fan nozzles.
Application Rate and Timing
In preferred embodiments, the composition is applied at a rate of 500 g or mL per hectare, depending on the crop and formulation type. The timing of application is critical to efficacy:
For grassy weeds and broadleaf weeds, application is most effective at the early post-emergent stage (5–20 days after sowing).
For sedge control, application may be extended to post-emergent stages where necessary.

Target Crops and Weeds
The method is suitable for use in rice, wheat, maize, sugarcane, vegetables, tubers, and other field crops. The compositions effectively control Echinochloa crusgalli, Ludwigia parviflora, Monochoria vaginalis, Eclipta alba, Cyperus iria, Fimbristylis miliacea, and other grassy, broadleaf, and sedge weeds.
Advantages of the Method
Provides broad-spectrum control of multiple weed types in a single application.
Enables reduced dosage due to synergistic action, thereby minimizing environmental impact.
Maintains crop selectivity, with no observed phytotoxicity on the target crops.
Delays the development of herbicide resistance in weed populations due to combined mode of action.
Evidence of Efficacy
Field trials demonstrated that the method, when implemented using the claimed compositions, provided up to 99.57% weed control compared to individual herbicide applications. Colby’s synergy ratios were greater than 1.0 across all combinations, confirming synergistic efficacy.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this disclosure pertains. Although any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice for testing the disclosure(s), appropriate materials and methods are described herein.

EXAMPLES:
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples. These examples describe possible preferred embodiments for illustrative purposes only, but they do not limit the scope of the invention. Certain modifications and equivalents will be apparent to those skilled in the art and are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention. These laboratory scale experiments can be scaled up to industrial/ commercial scale.
EXAMPLE 1: Metamifop 19% + Penoxsulam 6% OD Formulation
Ingredient % w/w
Metamifop (A.I) 19
Penoxsulam (A.I) 6
Alkylphenol ethoxylate 3.5
Tersperse 2510 6
TOXIMUL 8320 butyl polyalkylene oxide block copolymer 2
Calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 4
Silicone Antifoaming agent 0.10
Bentonite clay 2
Methylated seed oil 25
Solvesso 200 (Aromatic solvent) q.s.
Total 100
EXAMPLE 2: Metamifop 19% + Bispyribac Sodium 6% WDG Formulation
Ingredient % w/w
Metamifop (A.I) 19
Bispyribac Sodium (A.I) 6
Geropon T-36 5
Morwet D-425 2
Borrespese 10
Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate (wetting agent) 2
Corn starch 1
Tri sodium citrate 7
Kaolin q.s.
Total 100

EXAMPLE 3: Metamifop 19% + Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl 4% SC Formulation
Ingredient % w/w
Metamifop (A.I) 19
Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl (A.I) 4
Atlox 4913 4
Tersperse 4894 4
Morwet EFW 1.5
Xanthan gum 0.3
Propylene glycol 7
1,2- benzisothiazolin-3(2H)-one 0.1
Defoamer 0.2
DM Water q.s.
Total 100
EXAMPLE 4: Metamifop 19.25% + Metsulfuron-methyl 0.75% EC Formulation
Ingredient % w/w
Metamifop (A.I) 19.25
Metsulfuron-methyl (A.I) 0.75
Emulsifier blend (non-ionic + anionic) 5
N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone 3
Solvesso 150 q.s.
Total 100
EXAMPLE -5: Bio Efficacy and Phytotoxicity of Metamifop Combinations
Methodology:
The molecules under focus in this study are purely post emergent in activity and the innovation molecule is a combination of different actives i.e., Metamifop, Penoxsulam, Bispyribac sodium, Pyrazosulfuron Ethyl and Metsulfuron-methyl. The said combinations of Metamifop 19% + Penoxsulam 6% OD, Metamifop 19% + Bispyribac sodium 6% WDG, Metamifop 19% + Pyrazosulfuron Ethyl 4% SC and Metamifop 19.25% + Metsulfuron-methyl 0.75% EC have been evaluated against weed flora of paddy crop. The herbicidal combination has been tested as two-way combination, the same solo molecules as individual were taken into note and the efficacy of all the molecules are evaluated and compared. The treatment details are mentioned in Table 1. To justify the results the overall effect and other parameters are calculated over untreated check. To detect any existing synergistic activity in the combinations Colby’s ratio is calculated from the results and to see their effect on weed management. The residual effect of the herbicidal combination has been evaluated on the succeeding crop as well to assess the effect on germination and yield. The experimental area was first divided into plots for each treatment and replicated three times following Randomized Block Design. The spraying method followed was foliar application with the help of a knapsack sprayer fitted with flat fan nozzle. The combinations are even tested against any signs of Phytotoxicity on paddy.
Crops Paddy
Succeeding crop Green gram
Irrigated / Rainfed Irrigated
Design RBD
No. of treatments 10
No. of replications 3
Plot size 5 m x 5 m
Water volume 500 l/ha
Equipment used Knapsack sprayer (flat fan nozzle)
Table 1. Treatment details
Treatment No. Treatment Dose
(gm or ml per ha)
T1 Metamifop 10% EC 1000
T2 Penoxsulam 2.67% OD 1000
T3 Bispyribac sodium 10% SC 250
T4 Pyrazosulfuron ethyl 10% WP 150
T5 Metsulfuron-methyl 20% WP 20
T6 Metamifop 19% + Penoxsulam 6% OD 500
T7 Metamifop 19% + Bispyribac sodium 6% WDG 500
T8 Metamifop 19% + Pyrazosulfuron ethyl 4% SC 500
T9 Metamifop 19% + Metsulfuron-methyl 0.75% EC 500
T10 Untreated Check

Method of Observations:
No. of weed / 1 sq meter: Take 4 sticks/pipes of 1 meter each and tie their ends/joints so that they make a square shape which looks like a quadrant. Before taking the weed counts, the square (quadrant) should be placed in the treated plot randomly and the number of weed species in the 1 metre area were counted.
Based on the observations recorded, conclusions were drawn from the parameters like Percent weed control.
For checking the presence of synergism, Colby’s ratio was calculated.
Take the observation on the crop safety of herbicide i.e., Phytotoxicity / softener observation of herbicide after application at 5 and 10 Days after application.
For testing the residual effect on crops, the percent germination, Plant height at 40 days after sowing, and yield were recorded.
Parameters of Observations:
The weeds controlled in each treatment are calculated as percentage weed controlled over untreated check plot. The percent weed control is calculated by the following formula –
% weed control = (No.of weeds in control plot-No.of weeds in treated plot )/(No.of weeds in control plot)× 100
Colby’s Method: The combined effect of Pesticidal combinations is the sum of their individual effects. Colby’s method is an approach to evaluate the synergistic, additive, or antagonistic effects due to the interactions of two or more pesticides as a combination.
Colby’s method calculates expected response, and a ratio is calculated between expected response and observed response.
The formula for expected response is as follows-
Two-way combination -
E = (A+B) - ((A*B)/100)
A represents pesticide 1, B represents pesticide 2
The observed response is the actual percent control achieved
Colby’s ratio = Observed response (O)/Expected response (E).
If the ratio is,
< 1 = Antagonistic effect
= Additive effect
> 1 = Synergistic effect
Results:
The herbicide combinations of Metamifop 19% + Penoxsulam 6% OD, Metamifop 19% + Bispyribac sodium 6% WDG, Metamifop 19% + Pyrazosulfuron Ethyl 4% SC and Metamifop 19.25% + Metsulfuron-methyl 0.75% EC formulation applied at a dose of 500 gm or ml/ha were effective against the weed flora – grasses, broad leaved weeds and sedges, so the crop in the field experiments are enlisted below,
Paddy with a Succeeding Crop of Green Gram
The different types and species of weeds found in this experiment in paddy field were enlisted below,
Grasses
Echinocloa crusgalli
Cyanodon dactylon

Broad Leaved Weeds
Ludwigia parviflora
Monochoria vaginalis
Eclipta alba
Sedges
Cyprus iria
Fimbristylis miliaceae
EXAMPLE 5.1: PADDY
Table 2. Synergistic effect of Metamifop combinations against different weed flora of Paddy crop
T.No Treatment Combination Dose
(gm or ml ai/ha) % Weed Control
(E) (O)
T1 Metamifop 10% EC 1000 56.71
T2 Penoxsulam 2.67% OD 1000 57.14
T3 Bispyribac sodium 10% SC 250 58.44
T4 Pyrazosulfuron ethyl 10% WP 150 54.98
T5 Metsulfuron-methyl 20% WP 20 53.25
T6 Metamifop 19% + Penoxsulam 6% OD 500 81.45 98.70
(O/E) 1.21
T7 Metamifop 19% + Bispyribac sodium 6% WDG 500 82.01 98.80
(O/E) 1.20
T8 Metamifop 19% + Pyrazosulfuron ethyl 4% SC 500 80.51 99.13
(O/E) 1.23
T9 Metamifop 19% + Metsulfuron-methyl 0.75% EC 500 79.76 99.57
(O/E) 1.25
(E) – Expected % (O) – Observed %
The efficacy of Metamifop 19% + Penoxsulam 6% OD, Metamifop 19% + Bispyribac sodium 6% WDG, Metamifop 19% + Pyrazosulfuron Ethyl 4% SC and Metamifop 19.25% + Metsulfuron-methyl 0.75% EC formulations were evaluated against weed flora in paddy through percent weed control. The study was conducted in a randomized block design with net plot size of 5m x 5m. The spraying was done with knapsack sprayer with flat fan nozzle (Table 2).
The percentage weed control was calculated at the end of the spraying. The weed population recorded, drawn percent weed control data concludes that the herbicidal combination is highly effective in managing the weed population in paddy when applied in combination than when applied alone. The results revealed in all the combinations Metamifop 19% + Penoxsulam 6% OD recorded 99.70% weed control, Metamifop 19% + Bispyribac sodium 6% WDG recorded 99.13% weed control, Metamifop 19% + Pyrazosulfuron Ethyl 4% SC recorded 99.13% weed control and Metamifop 19.25% + Metsulfuron-methyl 0.75% EC recorded 99.57% weed control. The colby ratio recorded in all the combinations Metamifop 19% + Penoxsulam 6% OD (1.21), Metamifop 19% + Bispyribac sodium 6% WDG (1.20), Metamifop 19% + Pyrazosulfuron Ethyl 4% SC (1.23) and Metamifop 19.25% + Metsulfuron-methyl 0.75% EC (1.25) indicating a strong syngergy among the molecules.
In case of weed flora population variation, throughout the experiment showed that grassy weeds population ranged between 7.45 to 15.12 weeds/sq.m among the combinations apart from untreated control (57 weeds/sq.m) at 15 days after application, followed by which the population decreased to 0 weeds/sq.m at 30 days after application in the combination treatments compared to untreated control (65 weeds/sq.m) and the grassy weeds population raised to 0-1.78 weeds/sq.m in the combinations apart from untreated control (79 weeds/sq.m). Similarly, in broad leaved weeds the population ranged between 11.77 to 17 weeds/sq.m among the combinations apart from untreated control (64 weeds/sq.m) at 15 days after application, followed by which the population decreased to 0 weeds/sq.m at 30 days after application in the combination treatments compared to untreated control (71 weeds/sq.m) and the population remained to be 0 weeds/sq.m in the combinations apart from untreated control (88 weeds/sq.m). The same trend was observed in sedge (annual grasses) population ranged between 12.09 to 19.11 weeds/sq.m among the combinations apart from untreated control (47 weeds/sq.m) at 15 days after application, followed by which the population decreased to 0 weeds/sq.m at 30 days after application in the combination treatments compared to untreated control (55 weeds/sq.m) and the population raised to 1-2 weeds/sq.m in the combinations apart from untreated control (64 weeds/sq.m) respectively.
By the end of experiment, the crop yield was recorded and the yield varied between 33.82 t/ha to 36.53 t/ha among the combinations Metamifop 19% + Penoxsulam 6% OD (35.92 t/ha), Metamifop 19% + Bispyribac sodium 6% WDG (36.53 t/ha), Metamifop 19% + Pyrazosulfuron Ethyl 4% SC (35.05 t/ha) and Metamifop 19.25% + Metsulfuron-methyl 0.75% EC (33.82 t/ha) which was higher than other treatments (Table 3).
Table 3. Efficacy of Metamifop combinations against different weed flora of Paddy crop
Treatment combination
Dose
(gm or ml/ha) 15 days after application 30 days after application 45 days after application Yield
grasses BLW sedges average %roc grasses BLW sedges average %roc grasses BLW sedges average %roc
Metamifop 10% EC 1000 39.00 32.00 22.00 31.00 44.64 31.00 28.00 18.00 25.67 59.69 35.00 40.00 25.00 33.33 56.71 20.47
Penoxsulam 2.67% OD 1000 41.00 34.00 21.00 32.00 42.86 34.00 27.00 15.00 25.33 60.21 43.00 34.00 22.00 33.00 57.14 18.52
Bispyribac sodium 10% SC 250 44.00 37.00 25.00 35.33 36.90 30.00 30.00 20.00 26.67 58.12 36.00 35.00 25.00 32.00 58.44 19.6
Pyrazosulfuron ethyl 10% WP 150 38.00 60.11 22.27 40.13 28.35 25.00 48.00 16.00 29.67 53.40 32.00 50.00 22.00 34.67 54.98 16.61
Metsulfuron-methyl 20% WP 20 40.09 50.00 23.00 37.70 32.68 31.00 35.00 21.00 29.00 54.45 38.00 42.00 28.00 36.00 53.25 18.92
Metamifop 19% + Penoxsulam 6% OD 500 15.12 17.00 19.11 17.08 69.51 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 1.00 0.00 2.00 1.00 98.70 35.92
Metamifop 19% + Bispyribac sodium 6% WDG 500 13.21 15.23 17.54 15.33 72.63 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 1.78 0.00 1.00 0.93 98.80 36.53
Metamifop 19% + Pyrazosulfuron ethyl 4% SC 500 10.02 13.56 15.66 13.08 76.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 0.67 99.13 35.05
Metamifop 19% + Metsulfuron-methyl 0.75% EC 500 7.45 11.77 12.09 10.44 81.36 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.33 99.57 33.82
Untreated check 57.00 64.00 47.00 56.00 - 65.00 71.00 55.00 63.67 - 79.00 88.00 64.00 77.00 - 13.61
SeM± 4.67 3.45 3.58 0.014
CD 13.99 10.33 10.71 0.041
Succeeding Crop (Green Gram):
The follow up crop for paddy is green gram in this study and the residual effect of the herbicidal applications on the succeeding crop proved that it shows no much effect on the succeeding crop as the germination percentage of the crop did not vary much within the treatments as it commonly ranged between 88% to 98.33% apart from untreated control (63%) and plant height at 40 days after sowing was observed in between 42.05cm to 46.05cm apart from control (36.05cm). Whereas the yield parameters recorded showed that the yield recorded ranged between 13.49 t/ha to 22.28t/ha apart from control 11.38 t/ha (Table 4).
Table 4. Residual Effect of Metamifop Combinations on Succeeding Crop (Green Gram)
T.No Treatment Dose %
germination Plant height 40das (cms) Yield (t/ha)
T1 Metamifop 10% EC 1000 88.00 46.05 15.26
T2 Penoxsulam 2.67% OD 1000 88.67 44.05 13.49
T3 Bispyribac sodium 10% SC 250 90.67 43.05 18.70
T4 Pyrazosulfuron ethyl 10% WP 150 93.33 45.05 19.78
T5 Metsulfuron-methyl 20% WP 20 90.00 42.05 16.05
T6 Metamifop 19% + Penoxsulam 6% OD 500 95.00 43.61 21.83
T7 Metamifop 19% + Bispyribac sodium 6% WDG 500 95.67 44.72 22.28
T8 Metamifop 19% + Pyrazosulfuron ethyl 4% SC 500 96.93 43.93 21.22
T9 Metamifop 19% + Metsulfuron-methyl 0.75% EC 500 98.33 42.92 22.20
T10 Untreated check 63.00 36.05 11.38
SeM± (Standard error of Mean) - 0.59 0.002 0.008
C.D (Critical difference) - 1.78 0.005 0.024

Table 5. Phytotoxicity of Metamifop Combinations & other Herbicides on Paddy
Treatments Days Visual Rating Scale
Yellowing Necrosis Wilting Vein Leaf Tip / Margin Dying Stunting / Dwarfing
Clearing
Metamifop 10% EC @ 1000 ml/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Penoxsulam 2.67% OD @ 1000ml/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bispyribac sodium 10% SC @ 250ml/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pyrazosulfuron ethyl 10% WP @ 150 g/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Metsulfuron-methyl 20% WP @ 20 g/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Metamifop 19% + Penoxsulam 6% OD @ 500 ml/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Metamifop 19% + Bispyribac sodium 6% WDG @ 500 g/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Metamifop 19% + Pyrazosulfuron ethyl 4% SC @ 500ml/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Metamifop 19% + Metsulfuron-methyl 0.75% EC @ 500ml/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Untreated Check 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
The phytotoxicity effect of the herbicide Metamifop combinations formulations and other herbicides showed no signs of phytotoxicity in the paddy crop. Hence, the combination is safe for the usage of effective weed management in soybean crop (Table 5).
It is to be understood that this disclosure is not limited to a particular compositions or specific constituents, which can, of course, vary and that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting the scope of the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the content clearly dictates otherwise, and equivalents thereof known to those skilled in the art and so forth.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this disclosure pertains. Although any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice for testing of the disclosure(s), specific examples of appropriate materials and methods are described herein. The examples set forth above are provided to give those of ordinarily skilled in the art a complete description of how to make and use the embodiments of the compositions or specific constituents, methods of practice, and are not intended to limit the scope of what the inventors regard as their invention. Modifications of the above-described modes for carrying out the invention that is obvious to persons skilled in the art are intended to be within the scope of the following claims. All patents and publications mentioned in the specification are indicative of the levels of skill of those skilled in the art to which the disclosure pertains.
While specific embodiments of the present invention are explicitly disclosed herein, the above specification and examples herein are illustrative and not restrictive. It will be understood that various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Many variations of the disclosure will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon review of this specification and the embodiments below. The full scope of the invention should be determined by reference to the embodiments, along with their full scope of equivalents and the specification, along with such variations. Accordingly, other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims. ,CLAIMS:CLAIMS
We Claim:
1. A synergistic herbicidal composition comprising:
Metamifop or agriculturally acceptable salts thereof;
At least one ALS inhibiting herbicide selected from penoxsulam, bispyribac sodium, pyrazosulfuron ethyl, and metsulfuron-methyl; and,
one or more agriculturally acceptable excipients
wherein, the composition exhibits synergistic herbicidal activity providing enhanced control of grassy, broadleaf, and sedge weeds compared to individual components.
2. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein, metamifop is present in the range of 4% to 30% by weight; ALS inhibiting herbicide is present in the range of 0.1-15% by weight; and agriculturally acceptable excipients are present in the range of 0.01-90% by weight.
3. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the agriculturally acceptable excipients are selected from the group comprising emulsifiers, carriers, surfactants, colorants, thickeners/binders, anti-freezing agents, anti-foaming agents, antioxidants, solvents, preservatives, glidants, anticaking agents, wetting agents, fillers, pH regulating agents, buffering agents, formulation aids, rheology modifiers, dispersing agents, suspending agents, disintegrants, or combinations thereof.
4. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the formulation for the said composition is selected form Oil Dispersion (OD), Water Dispersible Granules (WDG), Suspension Concentrate (SC) or Emulsifiable Concentrate (EC).
5. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the preferred combinations of active ingredients in the composition for the Oil Dispersion (OD) formulation comprises: i) Metamifop 19% + Penoxsulam 6%; ii) Metamifop 19% + Bispyribac Sodium 6%; iii) Metamifop 19% + Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl 4%; and iv) Metamifop 19.25% + Metsulfuron-methyl 0.75%.
6. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the preferred combinations of active ingredients in the composition for the Water dispersible granule (WDG) formulation comprises: i) Metamifop 19% + Penoxsulam 6%; ii) Metamifop 19% + Bispyribac Sodium 6%; iii) Metamifop 19% + Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl 4%; and iv) Metamifop 19.25% + Metsulfuron-methyl 0.75%.
7. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the preferred combinations of active ingredients in the composition for the Suspension concentrate (SC) formulation comprises: i) Metamifop 19% + Penoxsulam 6%; ii) Metamifop 19% + Bispyribac Sodium 6%; iii) Metamifop 19% + Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl 4%; and iv) Metamifop 19.25% + Metsulfuron-methyl 0.75%.
8. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the preferred combinations of active ingredients in the composition for the Emulsifiable concentrate (EC) formulation comprises: i) Metamifop 19% + Penoxsulam 6%; ii) Metamifop 19% + Bispyribac Sodium 6%; iii) Metamifop 19% + Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl 4%; and iv) Metamifop 19.25% + Metsulfuron-methyl 0.75%.
9. A method for controlling grassy, broadleaf, and sedge weeds in an agricultural crop field, the method comprising the step of applying to a locus in need thereof an effective amount of a synergistic herbicidal composition, wherein the composition comprises:
metamifop or an agriculturally acceptable salt or ester thereof;
at least one acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibiting herbicide selected from penoxsulam, bispyribac sodium, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, and metsulfuron-methyl; and
one or more agriculturally acceptable excipients;
wherein, the composition is applied during the early post-emergence or post-emergence stage, and the herbicidal effect is synergistic, providing enhanced weed control compared to the individual components when used alone.
10. The method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the crop is selected from rice, wheat, maize, sugarcane, tubers, vegetables, or other field crops.
11. The method as claimed in claim 9, wherein, the composition is applied during the early post-emergence stage, between 5 to 20 days after sowing.
12. The method as claimed in claim 9 wherein the application is carried out using foliar spraying with agricultural spray equipment selected from knapsack sprayers, boom sprayers, or tractor-mounted sprayers fitted with flat fan nozzles.
13. The method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the herbicidal composition is applied at a dose ranging from herbicidal com200 to 700 grams or milliliters per hectare, preferably 250 - 500 g or mL/ha, depending on the formulation type.
14. The method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the target weeds are selected from Echinochloa crus-galli, Ludwigia parviflora, Monochoria vaginalis, Eclipta alba, Cyperus iria, and Fimbristylis miliacea.
15. The method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the herbicidal composition exhibits synergistic activity as determined by Colby’s method, with a synergy ratio greater than 1.0.