DESC:FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a synergistic agrochemical composition for controlling pests. Particularly, the present invention relates to a synergistic fungicidal composition based on a combination of trifloxystrobin and at least one more fungicide selected from tricyclazole, mancozeb and chlorothalonil with at least one agriculturally acceptable excipient. The present invention also relates to the process for the preparation of synergistic fungicidal composition thereof and use of this combination for combating plant pathogenic fungi in and on the seeds and plants at different growth stages for crop protection and good yields.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Crop protection is the practice of protecting the crop yields from pests, weeds, plant diseases, and other organisms that damage agricultural crops, which is critical from early stages of crop development. Preventing pests and diseases in the entire crop cycle, i.e., from root development to maturing crops, leads to increased crop quality and yield. The control of plant diseases caused by fungi is extremely important in achieving high crop efficiency. Plant diseases cause significant damage to vegetables, fields, cereal, fruit and other crops, leading to reduction in productivity, yield and quality of the crops. Fungicides help to minimize this damage by controlling plant pathogenic fungi. The use of two or more appropriate active ingredient combinations in specific dose ratios leads to synergism in crop protection. In addition to this, often highly destructive plant diseases can be difficult to control and may develop resistance to commercial fungicides. Many products are commercially available for these purposes, but there is still a continues need to develop new fungicidal combinations which are more effective, less costly, less toxic, environmentally safer and have different sites of action.
The biggest challenge in the field of crop protection is to reduce the dosage rate of active ingredients to diminish or circumvent environmental or toxicological effects without compromising on effective crop protection against pathogenic fungi, in addition to long lasting and broad-spectrum protection from plant diseases. Another challenge is to reduce the excessive application of solo chemical compounds or insecticides which invariably help in rapid selection of pathogenic fungi and aid in developing natural or adapted resistance against the active compound in question.
Therefore, it is indeed necessary to use the fungicidal combination in lower doses, fast acting with the different mode of action that can provide long lasting control against broad spectrum of pathogenic fungi and check the resistance development in fungi. The composition should have high synergistic action, no cross resistance to existing fungicides, avoid excess loading of the toxicant to the environment and negligible impact to environmental safety. Thus, there is a need for synergistic fungicidal combinations which could be physico-compatible formulations in the form of storage stability, safe packaging and ready to use formulations.
Trifloxystrobin belongs to the strobilurin class of fungicides (QoI inhibitors). It inhibits mitochondrial respiration at the cytochrome bc1 complex and is effective against a variety of fungal pathogens including powdery mildews, rusts, and leaf spots. Trifloxystrobin exhibits translaminar and vapor-phase activity, providing extended protection even on untreated leaf areas.
Tricyclazole is systemic fungicide, absorbed rapidly by the roots, with translocation through plants. It controls rice blast (pyricularia oryzae) in transplanted and direct- seeded rice. Can be applied as a drench, Transplant root soak or foliar application. It inhibits melanin biosynthesis in fungal cell walls, which is essential for the infection process of some fungi.
Mancozeb is a broad-spectrum, non-systemic fungicide from the dithiocarbamate group. It acts as a multi-site inhibitor by disrupting multiple enzymatic processes in fungal metabolism. Its broad-spectrum activity, affordability, and resistance management profile make it a preferred choice in integrated disease management programs. Mancozeb is known for its contact protective action against pathogens such as Phytophthora, Downy mildew, Anthracnose, and Alternaria.
Chlorothalonil is a broad spectrum, non-systemic, preventive, and widely used fungicide belongs to the group of chlorinated benzonitriles. It reacts with sulfur-containing amino acids and inhibits thiol enzymes thereby disrupting numerous enzymatic cell processes such as fungal spore germination, glycolysis, and respiration. The synergistic fungicidal composition of thepresent invention controls different groups of fungi selected from ascomycota, deuteromycota, basidiomycota and oomycota on a wide variety of crops.
Although each of the above fungicides is effective against specific fungal targets, their standalone use is often insufficient to achieve comprehensive disease control under diverse agronomic and environmental conditions. Moreover, the overreliance on single-site fungicides such as strobilurins or others has been associated with the rapid development of fungicide-resistant fungal strains.
To address these limitations, synergistic combinations of fungicides with different mechanisms of action are gaining importance. Such combinations not only broaden the spectrum of disease control, but also delay the onset of resistance, and enhance the overall efficacy of the formulation.
The present invention relates to a novel fungicidal composition comprising trifloxystrobin and at least one more fungicide selected from tricyclazole, mancozeb and chlorothalonil in a water dispersible granule (WDG/WG) or Suspension concentrates (SC) formulation, which offers a synergistic effect against a broad range of phytopathogens. This composition combines the systemic and contact activity of its individual components to deliver enhanced protection, prolonged residual activity, and improved field performance. Furthermore, the combination is designed to provide storage stability, and ease of handling, which are essential for practical field applications.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
The primary objective of the invention is to provide synergistic binary fungicidal composition.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide a fungicidal composition with enhanced efficacy and crop yield without phytotoxicity.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide a process for the preparation of synergistic fungicidal composition.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide a synergistic composition comprising trifloxystrobin and at least one more fungicide selected from tricyclazole, mancozeb and chlorothalonil.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide a synergistic composition with broad spectrum control of fungi.
The above and other objectives of the present invention are achieved according to the following embodiments of the present invention. However, the disclosed embodiments are exemplary based on the preferred and best mode of the invention and not limit the scope of the present invention.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention aims to provide a synergistic fungicidal composition comprising trifloxystrobin and at least one more fungicide selected from tricyclazole, mancozeb and chlorothalonil and the process of preparation thereof.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a process for preparing the synergistic composition comprising trifloxystrobin and at least one more fungicide selected from tricyclazole, mancozeb and chlorothalonil
In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a synergistic composition for crop protection management comprising of a) trifloxystrobin in an amount in the range of 1-30% by weight, b) at least one fungicide selected from tricyclazole, mancozeb chlorothalonil in an amount in the range of 10-80% by weight, and c) agriculturally acceptable excipient in an amount in the range of 0.01-80%.
In another aspect, the synergistic composition of the present invention may be formulated as Water dispersible granules (WDG/WG), or Suspension concentrates (SC).
In another aspect of the present invention, the synergistic composition comprises one or more inactive excipients selected from the group comprising of a carrier(s), surfactant(s), binder(s), disintegrating agent(s), dispersants or dispersing agent(s), wetting agent(s), pH modifier(s), thickener(s), biocide(s), preservative(s), anti-freezing agent(s), antifoaming agent (s), solvents, water soluble polymers, and/or stabilizer(s) or a combination thereof.
In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a synergistic composition for crop protection management comprising of a) trifloxystrobin in an amount in the range of 1-30% by weight, b) at least one fungicide selected from tricyclazole, mancozeb chlorothalonil in an amount in the range of 10-80% by weight, and c) agriculturally acceptable excipient in an amount in the range of 0.01-80%., wherein the resultant composition is non-toxic, efficient Water dispersible granules (WDG/WG), or Suspension concentrates (SC) formulation.
These and other objectives and embodiments of the invention will become more fully apparent when the following detailed description is read with the accompanying study details and examples. However, both the foregoing summary of the invention and the following detailed description of it represent one potential experiment and embodiment and are not restrictive of the invention or other alternate embodiments of the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present specification refers to a synergistic fungicidal composition and the process for the preparation for crop protection.
The definitions provided herein below for the terminologies used in the present disclosure are for illustrative purpose only and in no manner limit, the scope of the present invention disclosed in the present disclosure.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention pertains. Other process and materials similar, or equivalent, to those described herein may be used in the practice of the present invention.
As used herein, the terms “comprises”, “comprising”, “includes”, “including”, “has”, “having”, “contains”, “containing”, “characterized by” or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, subject to any limitation explicitly indicated. For example, a composition, mixture, process or method that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such composition, mixture, process or method.
The term “combination” can be replaced with the words “mixture” or “composition” or "formulation" defined or refers to as combining two or more active ingredients formulated in desired formulations.
The term “pesticide” as used in this specification refers to a substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying, repelling, or mitigating any pest or weeds which causes damage to the crop. Herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides are mainly used as pesticides which control weeds and insect pests and disease-causing pathogens, respectively that eventually lead to high yield of crops.
The term “Fungicide” also called Antimycotic, as used in this specification refers to a type of chemical compound or substance specifically designed to protect crops and kill or inhibit the growth of fungi and their spores that cause economic damage to crop, ornamental plants or endanger the health of domestic animals or humans.
The term “synergism” as used in this specification refers to the interaction between two or more active compounds or other factors to produce a combined effect or properties that is greater than the sum of their separate effects or properties. The present invention involves the mixture of two active ingredients which has increased efficacy and broad spectrum of weed control when compared to individual use and admixture of those components.
As used herein, the term “agriculturally acceptable excipients” or “excipients” or "additive(s)" or “agriculturally acceptable additives” or "auxiliaries" or "agriculturally acceptable carrier(s)" can be used interchangeably and refers to inert substances which are commonly used as diluent, to provide stability or to increase the activity profile of the composition or formulation with or without having agrochemical activity.
The expression of various quantities in the terms of “% w/w” means the percentage by weight, relative to the weight of the total composition unless otherwise specified.
The expression of various quantities in the terms of “g.a.i/ha” means the gram active ingredient per hectare. The term “g.a.i/ha” is similar to gm/ha.
The inventors of the present invention conducted extensive study and came up with suitable composition comprising effective amount of specific adjuvants.
As used herein, the term “trifloxystrobin” encompasses its agro-chemically acceptable salt(s), derivative(s) or any other modified form of trifloxystrobin.
As used herein, the term “tricyclazole” encompasses its agrochemically acceptable salt(s), derivative(s) or any other modified form of tricyclazole.
As used herein, the term “mancozeb” encompasses its agro-chemically acceptable salt(s), derivative(s) or any other modified form of mancozeb.
As used herein, the term “chlorothalonil” encompasses its agro-chemically acceptable salt(s), derivative(s) or any other modified form of chlorothalonil.
In one embodiment, the present invention provides a synergistic fungicidal composition comprising of trifloxystrobin and at least one more fungicide selected from tricyclazole, mancozeb and chlorothalonil.
According to the present embodiment, the present invention provides a synergistic fungicidal composition comprising trifloxystrobin and at least one more fungicide selected from tricyclazole, mancozeb and chlorothalonil and at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient.
According to a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a fungicidal SC formulation comprising:
Trifloxystrobin or agrochemically acceptable salt(s) thereof is present in the range of 1-30% by weight; preferably in an amount in the range of 1-10% by weight; furthermore, preferably in an amount in the range of 5.7% by weight
Tricyclazole or agrochemically acceptable salt(s) thereof is present in the range of 10-40% by weight; preferably in an amount in the range of 15-25% by weight; furthermore, preferably in an amount in the range of 19.5% by weight; and
At least one agrochemically acceptable excipient in an amount in the range of 0.01-80% by weight.
According to a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a fungicidal WDG formulation comprising:
Trifloxystrobin or agrochemically acceptable salt(s) thereof is present in the range of 1-30% by weight; preferably in an amount in the range of 1-10% by weight; furthermore, preferably in an amount in the range of 6.5% by weight;
Mancozeb or agrochemically acceptable salt(s) thereof is present in the range of 30-80% by weight; preferably in an amount in the range of 50-75% by weight; furthermore, preferably in an amount in the range of 68.5% by weight; and
At least one agrochemically acceptable excipient in an amount in the range of 0.01-80% by weight..
According to a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a fungicidal WDG formulation comprising:
Trifloxystrobin or agrochemically acceptable salt(s) thereof is present in the range of 1-30% by weight; preferably in an amount in the range of 1-10% by weight; furthermore, preferably in an amount in the range of 7.5% by weight;
Chlorothalonilor agrochemically acceptable salt(s) thereof is present in the range of 30-80% by weight; preferably in an amount in the range of 50-70% by weight; furthermore, preferably in an amount in the range of 65.5% by weight; and
At least one agrochemically acceptable excipient in an amount in the range of 0.01-80% by weight.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, agrochemically acceptable excipients are selected from the group comprising wetting agent(s), emulsifier(s), colorant(s), surfactant(s), thickener(s)/binder(s), antifreeze agent(s), anti-foaming agent(s), antioxidant(s), solvent(s)/carrier, preservative(s), glidant(s), anticaking agent(s), pH regulating agent(s), buffering agent(s), filler(s), formulation aid(s), disintegrant(s), or combinations thereof.
According to the present embodiment, the suitable wetting agent is selected from the group comprising but are not limited to sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, sodium di-isopropyl naphthalene sulphonates, sodium dioctyl sulphosuccinate, and naphthalene sulfonic acid and phenol sulphonic acid sodium salt.
According to an embodiment, wetting agents that can be added to the agrochemical formulation of the present invention include, but are not limited to Oxirane, 2-methyl-, polymer with oxirane, block (Atlas G 5000), polyarylalkoxylated phosphate esters and their potassium salts (e.g., Soprophor FLK, Stepfac TSP PE- K. Other suitable wetting agents include sodium dioctylsulfosuccinates (e.g., Geropon SDS, Aerosol OT) and ethoxylated alcohols (e.g., Trideth-6; Rhodasurf BC 610; Tersperse 4894; Soprophor BSU).
In another embodiment, emulsifier(s) which can be advantageously employed herein can be readily determined by those skilled in the art and include various nonionic, anionic, cationic, and amphoteric emulsifiers, or a blend of two or more emulsifiers. Examples of non-ionic emulsifiers useful in preparing the emulsifiable concentrates include the polyalkylene glycol ethers and condensation products of alkyl and aryl phenols, aliphatic alcohols, aliphatic amines or fatty acids with ethylene oxide, propylene oxides such as the ethoxylated alkyl phenols and carboxylic esters solubilized with the polyol or polyoxyalkylene. Cationic emulsifiers include quaternary ammonium compounds and fatty amine salts.
Anionic emulsifiers include the oil-soluble salts (e.g., calcium) of alkylaryl sulfonic acids, oil-soluble salts or sulfated polyglycol ethers, appropriate salts of phosphated polyglycol ether, or combinations thereof.
In an embodiment, colorant(s) may be selected from iron oxide, titanium oxide and Prussian Blue, and organic dyestuffs, such as alizarin dyestuffs, azo dyestuffs or metal phthalocyanine dyestuffs, and trace elements, such as salts of iron, copper, manganese, boron, cobalt, molybdenum and zinc, or combinations thereof.
In an embodiment, thickener(s) or gelling agent(s) may be selected from but not limited to molasses, granulated sugar, alginates, karaya gum, jaguar gum, tragacanth gum, polysaccharide gum, mucilage, xanthan gum, or combinations thereof.
According to the present embodiment, the suitable stabilizer is selected from the group comprising but not limited to lignosulfonates, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), casein, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), modified starches, and hexamethylenetetramine.
In another embodiment, the binder(s) may be selected from silicates such as magnesium aluminium silicate, polyvinyl acetates, polyvinyl acetate copolymers, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinyl alcohol copolymers, celluloses, including ethylcelluloses and methylcelluloses, hydroxymethyl celluloses, hydroxypropylcelluloses, hydroxymethylpropyl-celluloses, polyvinylpyrolidones, dextrins, malto-dextrins, polysaccharides, fats, oils, proteins, gum arabics, shellacs, vinylidene chloride, vinylidene chloride copolymers, calcium lignosulfonates, acrylic copolymers, starches, polyvinylacrylates, zeins, gelatin, carboxymethylcellulose, chitosan, polyethylene oxide, acrylimide polymers and copolymers, polyhydroxyethyl acrylate, methylacrylimide monomers, alginate, ethylcellulose, polychloroprene and syrups or mixtures thereof; polymers and copolymers of vinyl acetate, methyl cellulose, vinylidene chloride, acrylic, cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone and polysaccharide; polymers and copolymers of vinylidene chloride and vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymers; combinations of polyvinyl alcohol and sucrose; plasticizers such as glycerol, propylene glycol, polyglycols, or combinations thereof.
In another embodiment, antifreeze agent(s) added to the composition may be alcohols selected from the group comprising but not limited to ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,2-propylenediol, 1,2-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,4-pentanediol, 3-methyl-1,5pentanediol, 2,3-dimethyl-2,3-butanediol, trimethylol propane, mannitol, sorbitol, glycerol, pentaerythritol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, xylenol, bisphenols such as bisphenol A or the like. In addition, ether alcohols such as diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, polyoxyethylene or polyoxypropylene glycols of molecular weight up to about 4000, diethylene glycol monomethylether, diethylene glycol monoethylether, triethylene glycol monomethylether, butoxyethanol, butylene glycol monobutylether, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, tetrapentaerythritol, diglycerol, triglycerol, tetraglycerol, pentaglycerol, hexaglycerol, heptaglycerol, octaglycerol, or combinations thereof.
According to an embodiment, anti-foaming agent(s) may be selected from silicone defoamers, polydimethoxysiloxane, polydimethylsiloxane, alkyl poly acrylates, castor oil, fatty acids, fatty acids esters, fatty acids sulfate, fatty alcohol, fatty alcohol esters, fatty alcohol sulfate, foot olive oil, mono & di glyceride, paraffin oil, paraffin wax, poly propylene glycol, silicones oil, vegetable fats, vegetable fats sulfate, vegetable oil, vegetable oil sulfate, vegetable wax, vegetable wax sulfate, agents based on silicon or magnesium stearate, or combinations thereof.
The present invention may further include a rheology modifier. The preferred rheology modifier includes xanthan gum, Palygorskite and clay.
In an embodiment, thickener(s) or gelling agent(s) may be selected from but not limited to molasses, xanthan gum (Rhodopol G), granulated sugar, alginates, karaya gum, jaguar gum, tragacanth gum, polysaccharide gum, mucilage, or combinations thereof.
The formulations according to the present invention may additionally comprise a biocide selected from Preservatives/biocide used may be benzothiazoles, benzisothiazolinone (Proxel GXL) or phenols, 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol (Bioban BP 30), 5-chloro-2-methyl-4- isothiazolin-3-one & 2 methyl-4-isothiazolin -3 one (Kathon CG/ICP).
According to the present embodiment, the suitable dispersing agent is selected from the group comprising of butylated naphthalene sulphonic acid and dioctyl sulphosuccinate, sodium salt of naphthalene sulphonates formaldehyde condensate, modified styrene acrylic polymer, sodium salt of polycarboxylates, modified polyacrylate, acrylate co-polymer, and mixture of salt of naphthalene sulphonic acid and phenol sulphonic acid condensation product, and combination thereof.
According to the present embodiment, the composition of the present invention contains a disintegration agent selected from sodium sulphate, ammonium sulphate, and sodium sulphate (anhydrous).
According to the present embodiment, the anti-caking agent suitable for the purpose of the present invention is precipitated silica (silicon dioxide).
According to the present embodiment, the suitable filler is selected from lactose monohydrate, china clay, starch, aluminium hydroxide, and combination thereof, present in Q.S.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the composition is formulated as water dispersible granule (WDG/WG), or Suspension concentrates (SC).
The process for preparing the present agrochemical composition may be adapted or modified by a person skilled in the art using routine knowledge and standard practices in formulation science. However, all such adaptations and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the composition is formulated as Suspension concentrates (SC) comprising of trifloxystrobin in an amount in the range of 1-10% by weight, tricyclazole in an amount in the range of 15-25% by weight, wetting agent in an amount in the range of 1-8%, emulsifier in an amount in the range of 1-8%, dispersing agent in an amount in the range of 1-8%, disintegrating agent in an amount in the range of 0.5-20%, antifoaming agent in an amount in the range of 0.1-2%, anti-caking agent in an amount in the range of 0.1-2%, rheology modifier in an amount in the range of 0.1-2%, biocide in an amount in the range of 0.1-2% and Filler Q.S by weight of the composition.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the composition is formulated as water dispersible granule (WDG/WG) comprising of trifloxystrobin in an amount in the range of 1-10% by weight, mancozeb in an amount in the range of 50-75% by weight, wetting agent in an amount in the range of 1-3%, dispersing agent in an amount in the range of 1-6%, disintegrating agent in an amount in the range of 0.5-20%, antifoaming agent in an amount in the range of 0.1-2%, anti-caking agent in an amount in the range of 0.1-2% and Filler Q.S by weight of the composition.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the composition is formulated as water dispersible granule (WDG/WG) comprising of trifloxystrobin in an amount in the range of 1-10% by weight, chlorothalonil in an amount in the range of 50-70% by weight,, wetting agent in an amount in the range of 1-3%, dispersing agent in an amount in the range of 1-6%, disintegrating agent in an amount in the range of 0.5-20%, antifoaming agent in an amount in the range of 0.1-2%, anti-caking agent in an amount in the range of 0.1-2% and Filler Q.S by weight of the composition.
The synergistic fungicidal composition of the present invention controls wide verity of fungi including Ascomycota, Deuteromycota, Basidiomycota and the Oomycota on a wide variety of crops.
The synergistic fungicidal composition of the present invention is also used in seed treatment to protect against diseases which impair good seed germination and seedling development.
The synergistic fungicidal composition of the present invention controls many diseases in plants which include but not limited to anthracnose, leaf spot, dollar spot, rusts, scab, powdery mildew, sheath blight downy mildew, net blotch, late blight, early blight summer patch, brown patch and rot.
Another embodiment of the present invention, the fungicidal composition of the present invention used to control fungal diseases in various crops like but not limited to rice, wheat, maize, paddy, chilli, potato, tomato, barley, sugarcane, cotton, chickpea, citrus, grapes and various other crops for general pest control.
Another embodiment of the present invention, the fungicidal composition of the present invention shows synergistic effects of better pest control with minimum fungal resistance and improved crop yield and quality.
Another embodiment of the present invention, synergistic fungicidal combination decreases the natural hazardous effect of single active ingredients and minimizes residue deposition in environment.
It is to be understood that this disclosure is not limited to a particular composition or specific constituents, which can, of course, vary and that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting the scope of the invention. As used in this specification, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the content clearly dictates otherwise, and equivalents thereof known to those skilled in the art and so forth.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this disclosure pertains. Although any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in practice for testing of the disclosure(s), of appropriate materials and methods are described herein.
In another embodiment, alternative or multiple embodiments of the disclosure disclosed herein are not to be construed as limitations. Each embodiment can be referred to and claimed individually or in any combination with other embodiments of the disclosure. One or more embodiments of the disclosure can be included in, or deleted from, the disclosure for reasons of convenience and/or patentability.
The disclosure will now be described in more details with reference to the following examples. While the foregoing written description of the disclosure enables one of ordinary skill to make and use what is considered presently to be the best mode thereof, those of ordinary skill will understand and appreciate the existence of variations, combinations, and equivalents of the specific embodiment, method, and examples herein. The disclosure should therefore not be limited by the above-described embodiment, method, and following examples, but by all embodiments and methods within the scope and spirit of the disclosure.
EXAMPLES:
Example 1: Suspension Concentrates (SC) of Trifloxystrobin and Tricyclazole
Ingredients Quantity (% w/w)
Trifloxystrobin 5.7
Tricyclazole 19.5
Sodium salt of naphthalene sulphonate condensate 3
Ethoxylated alcohols 3
Benzisothiazolinone (BIT) 0.20
Silica 0.25
Silicone emulsion 0.30
Propylene glycol 6
Xanthan gum 20
Distilled water Q. S
Total 100
Manufacturing Process:
Premix slurry preparation: Charge required quantity of Propylene Glycol. Under continue stirring charge required quantity of the defoamer followed by required quantity of sodium salt of naphthalene sulphonate condensate, ethoxylated alcohols, benzisothiazolinone (BIT), silica, silicone emulsion, propylene glycol, xanthan gum. After homogenizing the above solution add required quantity of DM water slowly. After homogenizing the above solution, add lot wise required quantity of trifloxystrobin and tricyclazole.
Wet milling: The resulting premix slurry was subjected to a wet milling process. The milling was performed under controlled conditions, with the slurry temperature maintained below 25°C. Milling was continued until the average particle size (D90) of the active ingredients was reduced to less than 10 µm, as determined by laser diffraction particle size analysis.
Gel preparation: In a separate clean vessel, Propylene Glycol and benzisothiazolinone (BIT) were mixed. To this mixture, xanthan gum was added slowly under high-speed stirring to ensure uniform dispersion. The gum mixture was then transferred into DM water, pre-warmed to a temperature not exceeding 50°C, and stirred continuously until complete hydration and gel formation was achieved.
Finished good preparation: In a separate clean reactor, the milled slurry from Step 2 was charged and agitation was started. To this slurry, 1.0 part by weight of hydrophobic fumed silica was added and mixed until a uniform dispersion was obtained. Finally, a calculated quantity of the 2% xanthan gum gel prepared in Step 3 was added gradually under stirring to achieve the desired rheological properties and viscosity suitable for suspension concentrate formulations. The final formulation was homogenized and filled into containers for storage and field evaluation.
Example 2: Water Dispersible Granule (WDG/WG) of Trifloxystrobin and Mancozeb
Composition Charge in (%)
Trifloxystrobin 6.5
Mancozeb 68.5
Sodium dioctyl sulphosuccinate 1.26
Sodium lignosulfonate 7.34
Hexamethylenetetramine 0.50
Silicon emulsion 0.3
Polyethylene glycol 0.5
Cellulose Q.S
Total 100
Manufacturing Process:
Charged required quantity of trifloxystrobin and mancozeb technical in ribbon blender. Then added Sodium dioctyl sulphosuccinate, Sodium lignosulfonate, Hexamethylenetetramine, Silicon emulsion, Polyethylene glycol and finally added Cellulose in required quantity and homogenize it for 30 minutes. Pre-blended material was then ground through Jet mill/ air classifier mills. Finely ground material was blended in post blender till it became homogeneous (for approx. 1.5 hr).
Example 3: Water Dispersible Granule (WDG/WG) of Trifloxystrobin and Chlorothalonil
Composition Charge in (%)
Trifloxystrobin 7.5
Chlorothalonil 65.5
Ammonium sulphate 11.5
Sodium dioctyl sulphosuccinate 3
Sodium salt of naphthalene sulphonate condensate 8
Silicon emulsion QS
Total 100
Manufacturing Process:
Charged required quantity of trifloxystrobin and chlorothalonil technical in ribbon blender. Then added sodium dioctyl sulphosuccinate, sodium salt of naphthalene sulphonates condensate, ammonium sulphate, silicone emulsion, in required quantity and homogenize it for 30 minutes. Pre-blended material was then ground through Jet mill/ air classifier mills. Finely ground material was blended in post blender till it became homogeneous (for approx. 1.5 hr).
Example 4: Bio-Efficacy Study
The different combinations of Trifloxystrobin have been evaluated among various pathogens of different crops. The fungicidal combinations and the same solo molecules as individual were taken into note and the efficacy of all the molecules are evaluated and the synergistic effect of the combinations were drawn out using Colby ratio. The treatment details are mentioned in Table 1a and 1b along with the pathogen against which were tested. The evaluated crops are first divided into plots for each treatment and replicated following Randomized Block Design. The spraying method followed was foliar application with the help of a knapsack sprayer and three sprays are with an interval of 10 Days.
General Information
Crops Potato, Tomato, Grape and Paddy
Irrigated / Rainfed Irrigated
Design RBD
No. of treatments 6
No. of replications 4
Plot size 5 m x 5 m
No. of Sprays Three sprays
Spray interval 10 days
Water volume 500 l/ha
Equipment used Knapsack sprayer
Table 1a. Treatment Details (Potato / Tomato / Grape)
T.No Treatment Combination Dose (gm ai/ha)
T1 Trifloxystrobin 25% WG 87.5
T2 Mancozeb 75% WP 1500
T3 Chlorothalonil 75% WP 937(1.5 gm a.i/Lit water grape)
T4 Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 68.5% WDG 937.5
T5 Trifloxystrobin 7.5% + Chlorothalonil 65.5% WDG 912.5
T6 Untreated Check -
Table 1b. Treatment Details (Paddy)
T.No Treatment Combination Dose (gm ai/ha)
T1 Trifloxystrobin 25% WG 87.5
T2 Mancozeb 75% WP 1500
T3 Tricyclazole 75% WP 300
T4 Trifloxystrobin 5.7% + Tricyclazole 19.5% SC 252
T5 Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 68.5% WDG 937.5
T6 Untreated Check -
Method of Observations:
Disease observations: select 5 random plants in the plot and the disease symptoms are scored based on disease rating scale and then the percentage disease index will be calculated.
The observations were taken 1 day before spraying and at 10 Days after spraying.
Take the observation on the crop safety of the fungicide i.e., Phytotoxicity / softener observation of fungicide after application at 5 and 10 Days after application.
Parameters of Observations:
The disease severity is measured by an index, measured as –
Percent disease index (PDI) will be calculated by using following formula –
PDI = (Sum of all disease ratings)/(Total no.of leaves x Maximum disease grade) x 100
The percent reduction is calculated by the following formula –
% Reduction = ( PDI in control plot-PDI in treated plot )/(PDI in control plot)× 100
Colby’s Method: The combined effect of Pesticidal combinations is the sum of their individual effects. Colby’s method is an approach to evaluate the synergistic, additive, or antagonistic effects due to the interactions of two pesticides as a combination.
Colby’s method calculates expected response and a ratio is calculated between expected response and observed response.
The formula for expected response is as follows-
two-way combination -
E = (A+B) - ((A*B)/100)
A represents pesticide 1, B represents pesticide 2
The observed response is the actual percent control achieved
Colby’s ratio = Observed response (O)/Expected response (E).
If the ratio is,
< 1 = Antagonistic effect
= Additive effect
> 1 = Synergistic effect
Results:
The fungicide combinations of Trifloxystrobin 5.7% + Mancozeb 68.5% WDG, Trifloxystrobin 7.5% + Chlorothalonil 65.5% WDG and Trifloxystrobin 5.7% + Tricyclazole 19.5% SC formulations applied at 937.5 gm a.i/ha as 1250 gm/ha, 912.5 gm a.i/ha as 1250 gm/ha and 252 gm a.i/ha as 1000 ml/ha in formulation were effective against wide range of diseases, so the different diseases controlled in different crops in the field experiments were enlisted below,
Potato -Late Blight (Phytophthora infestans)
Tomato -Early Blight (Alternaria solani)
Grape - Downy Mildew (Plasmopara viticola)
Paddy - Sheath Blight (Rhizoctonia solani); Blast (Pyricularia oryzae)

Example - 4.1: Potato - Late Blight
Table 2. Synergistic Effect of Trifloxystrobin Combinations against Late Blight Disease Incidence on Potato Crop
T.No Treatment Combination Dose (gm ai/ha) % PDI
Expected (E) Observed (O)
T1 Trifloxystrobin 25% WG 87.5 49.11
T2 Mancozeb 75% WP 1500 53.24
T3 Chlorothalonil 75% WP 937 51.22
T4 Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 68.5% WDG 937.5 76.2 86.54
(O/E) 1.14
T5 Trifloxystrobin 7.5% + Chlorothalonil 65.5% WDG 912.5 75.18 86.23
(O/E) 1.15
The efficacy of Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 68.5% WDG and Trifloxystrobin 7.5% + Chlorothalonil 65.5% WDG formulations were evaluated against Phytophthora infestans (late blight) in potato crops through percent disease incidence (PDI). The study was conducted in a randomized block design with net plot size of 5m x 5m. The crop was raised by following all the agronomic practices, three consecutive sprays were done with knapsack sprayer with 10 days spray interval (Table 2).
The percent disease index was calculated at the end of each spray, the percent reduction in PDI at the end of third spray has been presented in Table 2. The results indicate that the fungicidal combinations were highly effective against Late blight in potato when applied in combination than when applied alone. The results revealed 86.54%, 86.23% disease suppression (percent reduction in PDI) in the Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 68.5% WDG and Trifloxystrobin 7.5% + Chlorothalonil 65.5% WDG treatments. The percent disease index in solo treatments did not record any satisfactory or considerable control. The present combination Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 68.5% WDG and Trifloxystrobin 7.5% + Chlorothalonil 65.5% WDG formulations were highly promising in control of late blight of potato by recording a synergistic effect with a colby ratio of 1.14 and 1.15 respectively.
Table 3. Phytotoxicity of Trifloxystrobin Combinations and other Fungicides on Potato
Treatments Days Visual Rating Scale
Yellowing Necrosis Wilting Vein Leaf Tip / Margin Dying Stunting / Dwarfing
Clearing
Trifloxystrobin 25% WG @ 87.5 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mancozeb 75% WP @ 1500 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chlorothalonil 75% WP @ 937 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 68.5% WDG @ 937.5 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Trifloxystrobin 7.5% + Chlorothalonil 65.5% WDG @ 912.5 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Untreated Check 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
The phytotoxicity effect of the fungicide Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 68.5% WDG and Trifloxystrobin 7.5% + Chlorothalonil 65.5% WDG formulations and other fungicides showed no signs of phytotoxicity in the potato crop. Hence, the combination is safe for the usage of Late Blight control in Potato crop (Table 3).

Example - 4.2: Tomato - Early Blight:
Table 4. Synergistic Effect of Trifloxystrobin Combinations against Early Blight Disease Incidence on Tomato Crop
T.No Treatment Combination Dose (gm ai/ha) % PDI
Expected (E) Observed (O)
T1 Trifloxystrobin 25% WG 87.5 47.31
T2 Mancozeb 75% WP 1500 51.37
T3 Chlorothalonil 75% WP 937 49.44

T4 Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 68.5% WDG 937.5 74.38 87
(O/E) 1.17
T5 Trifloxystrobin 7.5% + Chlorothalonil 65.5% WDG 912.5 73.36 83
(O/E) 1.13
The efficacy of Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 68.5% WDG and Trifloxystrobin 7.5% + Chlorothalonil 65.5% WDG formulations were evaluated against Alternaria solani (early blight) in tomato crops through percent disease incidence (PDI). The study was conducted in a randomized block design with net plot size of 5m x 5m. The crop was raised by following all the agronomic practices, three consecutive sprays were done with knapsack sprayer with 10 days spray interval (Table 4).
The percent disease index was calculated at the end of each spray, the percent reduction in PDI at the end of third spray has been presented in Table 4. The results indicate that the fungicidal combinations were highly effective against Early blight in tomato when applied in combination than when applied alone. The results revealed 87%, 83% disease suppression (percent reduction in PDI) in the Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 68.5% WDG and Trifloxystrobin 7.5% + Chlorothalonil 65.5% WDG treatments. The percent disease index in solo treatments did not record any satisfactory or considerable control. The present combination Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 68.5% WDG and Trifloxystrobin 7.5% + Chlorothalonil 65.5% WDG formulations were highly promising in control of early blight of tomato by recording a synergistic effect with a colby ratio of 1.17 and 1.13 respectively.
Table 5. Phytotoxicity of Trifloxystrobin Combinations and other Fungicides on Tomato
Treatments Days Visual Rating Scale
Yellowing Necrosis Wilting Vein Leaf Tip / Margin Dying Stunting / Dwarfing
Clearing
Trifloxystrobin 25% WG @ 87.5 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mancozeb 75% WP @ 1500 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chlorothalonil 75% WP @ 937 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 68.5% WDG @ 937.5 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Trifloxystrobin 7.5% + Chlorothalonil 65.5% WDG @ 912.5 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Untreated Check 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
The phytotoxicity effect of the fungicide Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 68.5% WDG and Trifloxystrobin 7.5% + Chlorothalonil 65.5% WDG formulations and other fungicides showed no signs of phytotoxicity in the tomato crop. Hence, the combination is safe for the usage of Early Blight control in Tomato crop (Table 5).
Example 4.3 Grape – Downy Mildew (Plasmopara viticola)
Table 6. Synergistic Effect of Trifloxystrobin Combinations on Downy Mildew Disease Incidence of Grape Crop
T.No Treatment Combination Dose (gm ai/ha) % PDI
Expected (E) Observed (O)
T1 Trifloxystrobin 25% WG 87.5 52.13
T2 Mancozeb 75% WP 1500 50.67
T3 Chlorothalonil 75% WP 1.5 gm a.i/Lt water 53
T4 Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 68.5% WDG 937.5 76.39 87
(O/E) 1.14
T5 Trifloxystrobin 7.5% + Chlorothalonil 65.5% WDG 912.5 77.50 86.78
(O/E) 1.12
The efficacy of Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 68.5% WDG and Trifloxystrobin 7.5% + Chlorothalonil 65.5% WDG formulations were evaluated Plasmopara viticola (Downy Mildew) in grape crop through percent disease incidence (PDI). The study was conducted in a randomized block design with net plot size of 5m x 5m. The crop was raised by following all the agronomic practices, three consecutive sprays were done with knapsack sprayer with 10 days spray interval (Table 6).
The percent disease index was calculated at the end of each spray. The target pathogen – Downy mildew and its results conclude that the fungicidal combination is highly effective against Downy mildew in grape when applied in combination than when applied alone. The results revealed 87%, 86.78% in disease suppression in the Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 68.5% WDG and Trifloxystrobin 7.5% + Chlorothalonil 65.5% WDG treatments. The percent disease index in solo treatments did not record any satisfactory control. The present combination Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 68.5% WDG and Trifloxystrobin 7.5% + Chlorothalonil 65.5% WDG formulations were highly promising in control of downy mildew of grape by recording a synergistic effect with a colby ratio of 1.14 and 1.12 respectively.
Table 7. Phytotoxicity of Trifloxystrobin Combinations and other Fungicides on Grape
Treatments Days Visual Rating Scale
Yellowing Necrosis Wilting Vein Leaf Tip / Margin Dying Stunting / Dwarfing
Clearing
Trifloxystrobin 25% WG @ 87.5 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mancozeb 75% WP @ 1500 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chlorothalonil 75% WP @ 1.5 g a.i/Lit water 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 68.5% WDG @ 937.5 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Trifloxystrobin 7.5% + Chlorothalonil 65.5% WDG @ 912.5 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Untreated Check 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
The phytotoxicity effect of the fungicide Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 68.5% WDG and Trifloxystrobin 7.5% + Chlorothalonil 65.5% WDG formulations and other fungicides showed no signs of phytotoxicity in the grape crop. Hence, the combination is safe for the usage of Downy mildew control in Grape crop (Table 7).
Example 4.4 : Paddy – Sheath Blight (Rhizoctonia solani); Blast (Pyricularia oryzae)
Table 8. Synergistic Effect of Trifloxystrobin Combinations on Sheath Blight Disease Incidence of Paddy
T.No Treatment Combination Dose (gm ai/ha) % PDI
Expected (E) Observed (O)
T1 Trifloxystrobin 25% WG 87.5 46
T2 Tricyclazole 75% WP 300 51
T3 Mancozeb 75% WP 1500 49.65
T4 Trifloxystrobin 5.7% + Tricyclazole 19.5% SC 252 73.54 84.32
(O/E) 1.15
T5 Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 68.5% WDG 937.5 72.81 82
(O/E) 1.13
The efficacy of Trifloxystrobin 5.7% + Tricyclazole 19.5% SC and Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 68.5% WDG formulations was evaluated Rhizoctonia solani (Sheath Blight) in paddy crop through percent disease incidence (PDI). The study was conducted in a randomized block design with net plot size of 5m x 5m. The crop was raised by following all the agronomic practices, three consecutive sprays were done with knapsack sprayer with 10 days spray interval (Table 8).
The percent disease index was calculated at the end of each spray. The target pathogen – Sheath Blight and its results conclude that the fungicidal combination is highly effective against Sheath Blight in paddy when applied in combination than when applied alone. The results revealed 84.32% and 82% in disease suppression in the Trifloxystrobin 5.7% + Tricyclazole 19.5% SC and Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 68.5% WDG treatments. The percent disease index in solo treatments did not record any satisfactory control. The present combination Trifloxystrobin 5.7% + Tricyclazole 19.5% SC and Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 68.5% WDG formulations were highly promising in control of sheath blight of paddy by recording a synergistic effect with a colby ratio of 1.15 and 1.13 respectively.
Table 9. Synergistic Effect of Trifloxystrobin Combinations on Blast Disease Incidence of Paddy
T.No Treatment Combination Dose (gm ai/ha) % PDI
Expected (E) Observed (O)
T1 Trifloxystrobin 25% WG 87.5 45
T2 Tricyclazole 75% WP 300 48
T3 Mancozeb 75% WP 1500 47
T4 Trifloxystrobin 5.7% + Tricyclazole 19.5% SC 252 71.40 84
(O/E) 1.18
T5 Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 68.5% WDG 937.5 70.85 81
(O/E) 1.14
The efficacy of Trifloxystrobin 5.7% + Tricyclazole 19.5% SC and Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 68.5% WDG formulations was evaluated Pyricularia oryzae (Blast) in paddy crop through percent disease incidence (PDI). The study was conducted in a randomized block design with net plot size of 5m x 5m. The crop was raised by following all the agronomic practices, three consecutive sprays were done with knapsack sprayer with 10 days spray interval (Table 9).
The percent disease index was calculated at the end of each spray. The target pathogen – Blast and its results conclude that the fungicidal combination is highly effective against Blast in paddy when applied in combination than when applied alone. The results revealed 84% and 81% in disease suppression in the Trifloxystrobin 5.7% + Tricyclazole 19.5% SC and Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 68.5% WDG treatments. The percent disease index in solo treatments did not record any satisfactory control. The present combination Trifloxystrobin 5.7% + Tricyclazole 19.5% SC and Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 68.5% WDG formulations were highly promising in control of sheath blight of paddy by recording a synergistic effect with a colby ratio of 1.18 and 1.14 respectively.
Table 10. Phytotoxicity of Trifloxystrobin Combinations and other Fungicides on Paddy
Treatments Days Visual Rating Scale
Yellowing Necrosis Wilting Vein Leaf Tip / Margin Dying Stunting / Dwarfing
Clearing
Trifloxystrobin 25% WG @ 87.5 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mancozeb 75% WP @ 1500 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tricyclazole 75% WP @ 300 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Trifloxystrobin 5.7% + Tricyclazole 19.5% SC @ 252 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 68.5% WDG @ 937.5 g a.i/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Untreated Check 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
The phytotoxicity effect of the fungicide Trifloxystrobin 5.7% + Tricyclazole 19.5% SC and Trifloxystrobin 6.5% + Mancozeb 68.5% WDG formulations and other fungicides showed no signs of phytotoxicity in the paddy crop. Hence, the combination is safe for the usage of Sheath Blight and Blast disease control in Paddy crop (Table 10).
The above examples and results are intended to illustrate certain specific embodiments of the invention and should not be construed as limiting its broader applicability. It is understood that:
The invention is not limited to the precise compositions or constituent concentrations disclosed herein. Variations in formulation components and ratios may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the essence of the invention.
The terminology used throughout this specification is for descriptive purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of the claims. Unless context dictates otherwise, singular terms include their plural equivalents, and vice versa.
All technical and scientific terms used herein carry their commonly accepted meanings as understood by practitioners skilled in the relevant field.
While specific materials, methods, and field conditions have been described, substitutes and equivalents that achieve substantially similar results are considered within the purview of this disclosure. Any modifications, adaptations, or substitutions of the formulations, test protocols, or crop sequences that are apparent to a person skilled in the art are considered to fall within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
All patents, published applications, and other references cited in this disclosure are incorporated herein by reference and are considered to indicate the level of ordinary skill in the art relevant to this invention. ,CLAIMS:CLAIMS
We Claim:
1. A synergistic fungicidal composition comprising:
Trifloxystrobin or agrochemically acceptable salt(s) thereof;
At least one fungicide selected from tricyclazole, mancozeb and chlorothalonil or agrochemically acceptable salt(s) thereof; and
one or more agriculturally acceptable excipients.
2. The synergistic fungicidal composition as claimed in claim 1, comprising
Trifloxystrobin in an amount in the range of 1-30% by weight;
at least one fungicide selected from tricyclazole, mancozeb and chlorothalonil in an amount in the range of 10-80% by weight; and
at least one agriculturally acceptable excipient in the range of 0.01-80% by weight.
3. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the agrochemically acceptable excipients are selected from the group comprising wetting agent(s), emulsifier(s), colorant(s), surfactant(s), thickener(s)/binder(s), antifreeze agent(s), anti-foaming agent(s), antioxidant(s), solvent(s)/carrier, preservative(s), glidant(s), anticaking agent(s), pH regulating agent(s), buffering agent(s), filler(s), formulation aid(s), disintegrant(s), or combinations thereof.
4. The synergistic fungicidal composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the formulation for the said composition is selected from Capsule suspension (CS), Dispersible concentrate (DC), Powder for dry seed treatment (DS), Emulsifiable concentrate (EC), Emulsion, water in oil (EO), Emulsion for seed treatment (ES), Emulsion, oil in water (EW), Flowable suspension/concentrate for seed treatment (FS), Granule/ soil applied (GR), Controlled (Slow or Fast) release granules (CR), Solution for seed treatment (LS), Micro-emulsion (ME), Oil dispersion (OD), Oil miscible flowable concentrate (oil miscible suspension (OF), Oil miscible liquid (OL), Suspension concentrate (= flowable concentrate) (SC), Suspo-emulsion (SE), Water soluble granule (SG), Soluble concentrate (SL), Water soluble powder (SP), Water dispersible granule (WG or WDG), Wettable powder (WP), Water dispersible powder for slurry treatment (WS), A mixed formulation of CS and SC (ZC), A mixed formulation of CS and SE (ZE), A mixed formulation of CS and EW (ZW).
5. The synergistic fungicidal composition as claimed in claim 4, wherein, the preferred composition and formulation thereof comprises Suspension concentrate (SC) and Water dispersible granule (WG or WDG).
6. The synergistic fungicidal composition as claimed in claims 1-5, wherein, the preferred composition and formulation thereof comprises: i) trifloxystrobin and tricyclazole in SC formulation; ii) trifloxystrobin and mancozeb in WDG formulation; iii) trifloxystrobin and chlorothalonil in WDG formulation.
7. The composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein, the wetting agent is selected from the group comprising of sodium naphthalene sulfonate condensates, sodium di-isopropyl naphthalene sulphonates, sodium dioctyl sulphosuccinate, and naphthalene sulfonic acid and phenol sulphonic acid sodium salt, Oxirane, 2-methyl-, polymer with oxirane, block (Atlas G 5000), polyarylalkoxylated phosphate esters and their potassium salts (e.g., Soprophor FLK, Stepfac TSP PE- K. Other suitable wetting agents include sodium dioctylsulfosuccinates (e.g., Geropon SDS, Aerosol OT) and ethoxylated alcohols (e.g., Trideth-6; Rhodasurf BC 610; Tersperse 4894; Soprophor BSU).
8. The composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the dispersing agent is selected from the group comprising of butylated naphthalene sulphonic acid and dioctyl sulphosuccinate, sodium salt of naphthalene sulphonates formaldehyde condensate, modified styrene acrylic polymer, sodium salt of polycarboxylates, modified polyacrylate, acrylate co-polymer, and mixture of salt of naphthalene sulphonic acid and phenol sulphonic acid condensation product, and combination thereof.
9. The composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein anti-foaming agent(s) may be selected from silicone defoamers, polydimethoxysiloxane, polydimethylsiloxane, alkyl poly acrylates, castor oil, fatty acids, fatty acids esters, fatty acids sulfate, fatty alcohol, fatty alcohol esters, fatty alcohol sulfate, foot olive oil, mono & di glyceride, paraffin oil, paraffin wax, poly propylene glycol, silicones oil, vegetable fats, vegetable fats sulfate, vegetable oil, vegetable oil sulfate, vegetable wax, vegetable wax sulfate, agents based on silicon or magnesium stearate, or combinations thereof.
10. The composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the anti-caking agent is precipitated silica (silicon dioxide).
11. The composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein said fillers are selected from one or more of precipitated silica, china clay, lactose monohydrate, starch, aluminium hydroxide, and combination thereof.
12. The composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the disintegrating agent is selected from sodium sulphate, ammonium sulphate, and sodium sulphate (anhydrous).
13. The composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the emulsifier(s) which can be advantageously employed herein can be readily determined by those skilled in the art and include various nonionic, anionic, cationic, and amphoteric emulsifiers, or a blend of two or more emulsifiers. Examples of non-ionic emulsifiers useful in preparing the emulsifiable concentrates include the polyalkylene glycol ethers and condensation products of alkyl and aryl phenols, aliphatic alcohols, aliphatic amines or fatty acids with ethylene oxide, propylene oxides such as the ethoxylated alkyl phenols and carboxylic esters solubilized with the polyol or polyoxyalkylene. Cationic emulsifiers include quaternary ammonium compounds and fatty amine salts.
14. The composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the rheology modifier includes xanthan gum, Palygorskite and clay
15. The composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the thickener(s) or gelling agent(s) may be selected from but not limited to molasses, xanthan gum (Rhodopol G), granulated sugar, alginates, karaya gum, jaguar gum, tragacanth gum, polysaccharide gum, mucilage, or combinations thereof.
16. The composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the suitable stabilizer is selected from the group comprising but not limited to lignosulfonates, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), casein, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), modified starches, and hexamethylenetetramine.
17. The composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the preservatives/biocide used may be benzothiazoles, benzisothiazolinone (Proxel GXL) or phonols, 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol (Bioban BP 30), 5-chloro-2-methyl-4- isothiazolin-3-one & 2 methyl-4-isothiazolin -3 one (Kathon CG/ICP)