Description:FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The present invention relates to a safe vision system for a vehicle for enhancing visibility and reducing glare for a user in a vehicle environment. More particularly, the invention pertains to an adaptive means that dynamically control the transmission of light into the driver’s field of view, improving safety, comfort, and overall driving experience under varying environmental and lighting conditions.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0002] In vehicles, driver visibility and glare management are critical factors affecting safety and comfort. Drivers are frequently exposed to intense light from sources such as sunlight, reflections from wet roads, and headlights of oncoming vehicles, which can temporarily impair vision and increase the risk of accidents. Traditional solutions, including tinted windshields, sun visors, and fixed glare shields, provide limited protection and are unable to adapt to rapidly changing lighting conditions or the specific line of sight of the driver. Variable lighting conditions such as tunnels, overpasses, urban areas with mixed artificial illumination, and reflective surfaces further exacerbate this problem, causing sudden changes in brightness that are difficult for the human eye to adjust to quickly.

[0003] Current vehicle means, including driver assistance methods and sensor-based monitoring, improve situational awareness but typically rely on static adjustments or general assumptions about glare. These means do not account for individual driver requirements, which vary due to age, medical conditions, or temporary vision impairments. Continuous exposure to fluctuating light intensity also leads to eye strain, fatigue, and reduced alertness, particularly during long journeys or night driving. Conventional coatings or anti-reflective treatments provide some relief but do not selectively adjust transparency in specific areas based on the driver’s gaze or head position.

[0004] US10377212B2 Systems and methods for dynamic anti-glare for a windshield of a vehicle. One embodiment is a system that includes a camera to capture image data of an environment in front of the vehicle, a projector to display an image on the windshield, and a sensor to monitor light intensity for an area of the windshield. The system also includes a controller that, in response to detecting glare impinging on the area of the windshield via the sensor, analyzes the image data captured for the area of the windshield, determines a location of the glare in the area based on the image data, determines a characteristic of the environment for the area based on the image data, generates a counteracting image based on the characteristic of the environment for the area, and directs the projector to display the counteracting image on the location of the windshield to reduce the glare.

[0005] US11938795B2 discloses about a vehicular vision system includes a forward viewing camera disposed at and viewing through a windshield of a vehicle. A driver viewing camera is disposed in the vehicle and views the driver's eyes. A control, responsive to processing of image data captured by the forward viewing camera to determine a light source ahead of the vehicle, and responsive to processing of image data captured by the driver viewing camera to determine a gaze direction of the eyes of the driver, determines a forward view path between the driver's eyes and the determined light source and determines a location where the determined forward view path intersects the windshield. The control, responsive to the determined light source having an intensity greater than a threshold level, controls the windshield to locally darken a region of the windshield that includes the location where the determined forward view path intersects the windshield.

[0006] Conventionally, many means have been developed to improve visibility and reduce glare for drivers. These means primarily rely on fixed shading methods or static coatings that partially limit light entering the cabin. While they offer some relief under constant lighting conditions, they fail to adapt to sudden changes in environmental brightness or varying positions of the driver’s line of sight. Existing solutions are limited in selectively controlling light intensity in specific regions of the viewing area and do not accommodate individual driver preferences, medical conditions, or changing weather conditions.

[0007] In order to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks, there exists a need in the art to develop a system that requires to be capable of dynamically adjusting the transmission of light into the driver’s field of view. Such a system should be able to respond in real-time to varying intensities and directions of external light sources while considering the position and line of sight of the driver.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION

[0008] The principal object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art.

[0009] An object of the present invention is to develop a system that ensures safe and comfortable vision for a vehicle operator by dynamically reducing visual disturbances caused by external light sources.

[0010] Another object of the present invention is to develop a system that enhance driving safety by automatically identifying and mitigating glare conditions in real-time, without requiring manual intervention from the user.

[0011] Another object of the present invention is to develop a system that offer means to adjusts transparency and visibility parameters based on environmental lighting and user-specific conditions.

[0012] Another object of the present invention is to develop a system that improve visibility under varying weather and illumination scenarios for optimized visual performance.

[0013] Another object of the present invention is to develop a system that minimize driver fatigue and strain resulting from prolonged exposure to intense or fluctuating light while maintaining clear visibility of the road ahead.

[0014] Yet another object of the present invention is to develop a system that enable continuous monitoring of viewing surfaces to ensure their integrity and to automatically alert the user in case of damage or impairment affecting visibility.

[0015] The foregoing and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become readily apparent upon further review of the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0016] The present invention relates to safe vision system for a vehicle designed to enhance the driver’s visibility while minimizing glare and visual discomfort thereby improving driving safety, reducing eye strain, and providing a more comfortable and controlled visual experience under diverse driving conditions.

[0017] In an aspect of the present invention, a safe vision system for a vehicle, comprises of an optically-permeable substrate mounted on the vehicle’s viewing surface and equipped with a spatial light modulator (SLM) film capable of region-wise control of transparency to reduce glare. Inside the cabin, a sensing array consisting of multiple infrared sensors tracks the driver’s head position, and a head tracking module processes this data through a control unit. A sensor suite composed of light-dependent resistors detects the direction and intensity of incoming light, and a determination module interprets this data to identify glare-prone regions. The vision control module integrates information from both the head tracking and determination modules to regulate the SLM film, selectively reducing optical permeability in affected areas.

[0018] To ensure adaptive operation, a factorisation fetching module obtains real-time and forecasted weather data along with the driver’s vision history, while an adjustment module determines safe transparency limits for optimal vision and comfort. The system further incorporates a blocker assembly mounted at the vehicle’s front, featuring robotic arms with translucent panels that automatically position themselves to shield light exceeding a preset intensity. A seat translation unit employing a dual-axis lead screw arrangement adjusts the driver’s seat horizontally and vertically, repositioning the driver’s head away from residual unblocked light. The maintenance unit monitors the substrate for damage through optical sensors and communicates alerts via a communication unit. Additionally, a mapping unit combining LiDAR and RADAR captures spatial data to generate a 3D map of the road ahead, displayed inside the cabin for navigation during poor visibility. A transparent photovoltaic layer integrated on the substrate converts solar energy into electrical power for enhancing system efficiency and sustainability.

[0019] While the invention has been described and shown with particular reference to the preferred embodiment, it will be apparent that variations might be possible that would fall within the scope of the present invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present invention will become better understood with regard to the following description, appended claims, and accompanying drawings where:
Figure 1 illustrates an isometric view of a safe vision system for a vehicle integrated with a vehicle;
Figure 2 illustrates a perspective view of a cabin of the vehicle integrated with the system;
Figure 3 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the system; and
Figure 4 illustrates a flow chart depicting a method for providing safe vision via an optically-permeable substrate mounted with a viewing surface provided with a driver’s cabin of the vehicle.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0021] The following description includes the preferred best mode of one embodiment of the present invention. It will be clear from this description of the invention that the invention is not limited to these illustrated embodiments but that the invention also includes a variety of modifications and embodiments thereto. Therefore, the present description should be seen as illustrative and not limiting. While the invention is susceptible to various modifications and alternative constructions, it should be understood, that there is no intention to limit the invention to the specific form disclosed, but, on the contrary, the invention is to cover all modifications, alternative constructions, and equivalents falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the claims.

[0022] In any embodiment described herein, the open-ended terms "comprising," "comprises,” and the like (which are synonymous with "including," "having” and "characterized by") may be replaced by the respective partially closed phrases "consisting essentially of," consists essentially of," and the like or the respective closed phrases "consisting of," "consists of, the like.

[0023] As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” designate both the singular and the plural, unless expressly stated to designate the singular only.

[0024] The present invention relates to a safe vision system for a vehicle to improve visibility and reducing glare for a user in a vehicle to enhance safety and comfort by selectively managing the intensity and distribution of light entering the viewing area, while also accounting for individual visual requirements and ensuring continuous monitoring of the viewing environment for optimal performance.

[0025] Figure 1, illustrates an isometric view of a safe vision system for a vehicle integrated with a vehicle 100, comprising an optically-permeable substrate 101, an SLM (spatial light modulator) film 102 provided over the substrate 101, a sensor suite 103 installed over the substrate 101, a blocker assembly 104 installed with the front portion of the vehicle 100, the blocker assembly 104 comprises one or more robotic arms 105, each of the arms 105 provided with one of a translucent panels 106 as an end effector, a mapping unit 107 provided at a front portion of the vehicle 100, a seat translation unit 108 connecting seat of the driver with an inner surface of the cabin and a maintenance unit 109 installed in the cabin.

[0026] The invention relates to an optically-permeable substrate 101 that is mounted on the viewing surface of a vehicle’s driver cabin, such as a windshield. The substrate 101 allows light to pass through it while also enabling selective control of visibility or transparency. The primary purpose of the substrate 101 is to protect the driver’s eyes from intense light, reduce glare, and maintain a clear view of the surroundings. The substrate 101 is made from materials that include but not limited to specialized polymers, glass composites, or laminated layers that permit optical modulation. The substrate 101 is positioned in the cabin such that it directly aligns with the driver’s line of sight allowing precise control over which portions of the surface transmit light and which reduce glare.

[0027] Figure 2 illustrates a perspective view of a cabin of the vehicle 100 integrated with the system, comprises a sensing array 201 arranged within the cabin of the vehicle 100 and a display means 202 provided in the cabin.

[0028] Within the cabin, a sensing array 201 is provided to monitor the position of the driver’s head. The sensing array 201 comprises multiple infrared (IR) sensors that continuously scan the thermal signature of the driver. The thermal signature of the driver refers to the pattern of heat naturally emitted from the driver’s body, particularly the face and head, which is detected using infrared (IR) sensors. Every human emits infrared radiation due to body heat, and this emission varies slightly depending on factors such as blood flow, facial features, and movements. By capturing this thermal radiation, the sensing array 201 create a real-time map of the driver’s head and face, enabling precise monitoring of orientation, tilt, and subtle movements. In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, if the driver looks toward the left side of the cabin, the sensing array 201 detects the change in head position and communicates this information to a control unit.

[0029] The sensing array 201 is arranged in several positions inside the cabin, that include but not limited to the overhead console, the sides of the windshield, or near the dashboard. Multiple sensors ensure complete coverage and prevent blind spots caused by objects such as sunglasses, hats, or partial occlusion of the face. In an embodiment of the present invention, the sensing array 201 includes a ring of infrared sensors around the top of the windshield or multiple small arrays integrated into the cabin interior to capture the full motion of the driver’s head. The data collected by these sensors is continuously processed to track head movement in real time for enabling adjustments to the optically-permeable substrate 101 in alignment with the driver’s line of sight.

[0030] A head tracking module is designed to determine the exact position and orientation of the driver’s head by processing data received from the sensing array 201. The sensing array 201 continuously monitors the thermal signature of the driver and provides information about the head’s location, tilt, and rotation. The head tracking module receives this data and calculates the position of the head relative to the vehicle 100 cabin for allowing accurate identification of the driver’s line of sight. This ensures that any adjustments to the viewing surface or other components are made precisely in the areas where the driver is looking.

[0031] In one embodiment, the head tracking module uses machine learning protocols to analyze the thermal maps captured by the infrared sensors in the sensing array 201. These protocols are detecting the center of the head, the orientation of the face, and small movements such as nodding or looking sideways. In an embodiment of the present invention, if the driver looks to the right-side mirror, the module interprets the shift in thermal signature and updates the position of the head in real time. This data is then communicated to the control unit for further processing to adjust the viewing surface or other related features.

[0032] The head tracking module is configured to track head movement in multiple axes, including vertical tilt, horizontal rotation, and slight forward or backward movement. In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, if the driver leans forward to look at the dashboard or tilts the head backward to glance at the rearview mirror, the module calculates these positional changes accurately. This capability is essential for ensuring that any light adjustments or visual enhancements are applied precisely to the areas in the driver’s line of sight.

[0033] In an embodiment of the present invention, the head tracking module operates with sampling intervals of 30 to 120 frames per second, providing continuous updates of the head position. In an embodiment, the module uses predictive modeling to estimate head movement for short intervals when the sensing array 201 data may be partially obstructed, such as when the driver wears a hat or scarf. In this case, the module infers the position based on previous movements and maintains accurate tracking without interruption.

[0034] The head tracking module is also calibrated for individual drivers, taking into account differences in height, seating position, and posture. During initial setup, the module records a baseline head position when the driver is seated comfortably, and subsequent measurements are referenced to this baseline. This ensures that tracking remains accurate and responsive to small adjustments in the driver’s posture or position within the cabin.

[0035] In practical applications, the head tracking module allows the vehicle 100 to dynamically adjust the viewing surface to reduce glare or enhance visibility in the areas the driver is actually looking at. In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, if the driver glances toward an oncoming vehicle with bright headlights, the module ensures that only the portion of the viewing surface in the driver’s line of sight is adjusted, minimizing distraction and maintaining a clear overall view of the road.

[0036] Figure 3 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the system, comprising a transparent photovoltaic layer 301 applied onto the substrate 101.

[0037] A spatial light modulator (SLM) film 102 is applied over the optically-permeable substrate 101, which allows for selective adjustment of the optical permeability of the substrate 101. This means that certain portions of the substrate 101 become more or less transparent depending on the requirements of the driver’s line of sight. The primary purpose of this film 102 is to reduce glare from external light sources, such as headlights of oncoming vehicles or intense sunlight, without affecting the driver’s overall visibility. By controlling which regions of the substrate 101 are dimmed or lightened, the driver experiences improved visual comfort while maintaining a clear view of the surrounding environment.

[0038] In one embodiment, the film 102 is composed of a layered material that alters its light transmission properties when electrically or optically modulated. In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the driver traveling at night on a highway and encounters the vehicle approaching from the opposite direction with bright headlights. The spatial light modulator film 102 reduces the transparency of the portion of the windshield aligned with the driver’s gaze toward those headlights. This ensures that the glare is minimized while other areas of the windshield remain fully transparent, allowing the driver to safely observe lane markings, nearby vehicles, and road signs.

[0039] The film 102 operates in a region-wise selective manner, which means that this independently control different sections across the substrate 101. In practical terms, the driver’s line of sight is continuously monitored, and only the areas requiring glare reduction are adjusted. In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, if the driver glances toward a side mirror or a sunlit portion of the road, the corresponding section of the film 102 become darker while the rest of the viewing surface remains unaffected. This region-wise control enhances safety by preventing unnecessary obstruction of the driver’s view.

[0040] In an embodiment, the film 102 includes materials capable of varying their optical density, such as liquid crystal layers, electrochromic coatings, or other light-modulating polymers. These materials change transparency gradually, allowing smooth transitions in optical permeability that avoid sudden changes in brightness which distract the driver. In an exemplary embodiment, during sunrise or sunset, where sunlight enters the cabin at low angles, the film 102 progressively adjusts to minimize glare without producing abrupt dark patches that interfere with visibility.

[0041] A sensor suite 103 installed over the substrate 101 to capture detailed information about light entering the vehicle 100 cabin from one or more external sources. The sensor suite 103 uses a plurality of light-dependent resistors (LDRs) to detect variations in light intensity across different areas of the viewing surface. These sensors continuously monitor the incoming light, including natural sunlight, headlights from oncoming vehicles, streetlights, or reflections from surrounding surfaces. By collecting this information, the system identifies not only the presence of bright light but also its intensity and the area of the substrate 101 it affects, which is essential for selectively adjusting the viewing surface to improve driver comfort and safety.

[0042] In one embodiment, the sensor suite 103 is able to detect changes in light ranging from very low intensities, such as dim street lighting, to high-intensity sources like direct sunlight or high-beam headlights. In an exemplary embodiment, if the vehicle 100 is driving toward the rising sun in the morning, the sensors detect a strong light source entering the cabin through the windshield. The data collected by the sensors includes information on which portion of the substrate 101 is impacted and how strong the light is in those areas. This information serves as the basis for subsequent adjustments to the optical properties of the viewing surface, ensuring that only the affected areas are darkened or modulated.

[0043] A determination module works in close coordination with the sensor suite 103 by analyzing the data collected to identify both the direction and intensity of the incoming light. The determination calculates which regions of the substrate 101 are exposed to high-intensity light and how much adjustment is needed to reduce glare for the driver. In an exemplary embodiment, when an oncoming vehicle approaches from the left side of the road with bright headlights, the determination module processes the sensor data to determine that the left portion of the viewing surface is receiving light above a safe threshold. This information enables precise control over which portions of the surface need to be dimmed or modulated to maintain clear visibility.

[0044] In an embodiment, the module includes machine learning protocols that differentiate between multiple light sources, such as sunlight and headlight of vehicle 100, and assess their relative intensities. In an exemplary embodiment, if the driver is simultaneously exposed to bright sunlight from one direction and reflective light from a wet road surface, the determination module identifies each source independently. This ensures that the viewing surface is adjusted only where necessary and does not unnecessarily reduce visibility in areas unaffected by glare.

[0045] Additionally, the sensor suite 103 and determination module are calibrated for environmental and seasonal variations. In another exemplary embodiment, during winter months, when sunlight is weaker and glare from snow-covered surfaces is more common, the sensors detect subtle increase in brightness, allowing the determination module to recommend slight adjustments to maintain optimal visibility. Conversely, during bright summer afternoons, the system responds to more intense light sources without overcompensating.

[0046] A vision control module functions as the central decision point for managing the optical properties of the viewing surface. The vision control module receives data from both the head tracking module and the determination module to identify which portions of the substrate 101 require adjustment to reduce glare for the driver. By combining information about the driver’s line of sight with the location and intensity of incoming light, the vision control module determines the exact regions of the viewing surface that need to be dimmed or modulated for ensuring that glare is minimized without compromising overall visibility.

[0047] In an exemplary embodiment, if the driver is looking straight ahead and an oncoming vehicle’s headlights are entering from the right side of the windshield, the head tracking module indicates the driver’s line of sight, while the determination module identifies the high-intensity light region on the substrate 101. The vision control module integrates this information and instructs the spatial light modulator film 102 to reduce optical permeability only in the affected portion. This targeted adjustment prevents the driver from being blinded by glare while keeping the rest of the viewing surface fully transparent, preserving a clear view of the road and surrounding environment.

[0048] In another embodiment, the vision control module responds dynamically to rapid changes in driving conditions. In an exemplary embodiment, during night driving on a highway with multiple vehicles approaching from different directions, the vision control module continuously receives updated data from the head tracking and determination modules. If the driver shifts their gaze slightly toward a vehicle on the left, the vision control module immediately identifies the new portion of the substrate 101 requiring modulation and adjusts the light transmission accordingly. This ensures continuous protection from glare while maintaining full situational awareness.

[0049] The vision control module also considers overlapping light sources and complex lighting scenarios. In an exemplary embodiment, if the driver is exposed to bright sunlight through the top portion of the windshield and headlights of vehicle 100 from the right, the module calculates the combination of these sources and determines which specific areas of the substrate 101 need different levels of adjustment. This region-wise control allows smooth transitions in optical permeability, preventing sudden darkening or lightening that distracts the driver or obscure critical road information.

[0050] Additionally, the vision control module is pre-fed with driver-specific preferences or requirements. In an exemplary embodiment, drivers with heightened light sensitivity or particular vision conditions benefit from slightly stronger dimming in the regions exposed to glare, while other drivers prefer a less pronounced adjustment. By factoring in individual driver needs, the vision control module enhances comfort and safety while accommodating diverse visual requirements.

[0051] The factorisation fetching module is responsible for obtaining external and personal context that affects safe visibility adjustments. The module connects to a weather data source to retrieve current and forecasted environmental conditions for the vehicle’s location, and it accepts a user-provided record of vision-related medical information through a user interface. The weather information includes parameters such as ambient light level, sun position, cloud cover, precipitation, fog density, and visibility range; the medical information includes facts such as known light sensitivity, history of cataracts or glaucoma, presence of corrective lenses, and other clinician-provided recommendations. The module formats and time-stamps these inputs and supplies them to the control unit in a standardized data structure for deciding how much to alter the viewing surface.

[0052] In an embodiment, at ignition, the module queries a connected database for the next six hours of local weather and receives a forecast indicating heavy cloud cover followed by clearing skies in two hours. The module also receives a stored medical note indicating that the primary driver has mild photophobia and prefers conservative light reductions. The module produces a combined profile stating that transient glare risk is moderate and that user sensitivity is elevated.

[0053] The factorisation fetching module supports multiple modes of operation. The module operates in an on-line mode where weather data is retrieved from a cloud service using the vehicle’s telematics connection, or in an off-line mode where cached or locally stored weather information is used if connectivity is lost. For medical data, the module supports direct manual entry via the interface of vehicle 100, import from a secure profile linked to the driver’s account, or selective transfer from an external health record with appropriate consent. All data transfers are logged with time stamps and access controls to meet privacy and audit requirements.

[0054] In an embodiment, when the vehicle 100 enters an area with poor cellular coverage, the module switches to a locally cached forecast and flags the reduced confidence level. When the driver updates their vision profile at a service appointment, the new data is encrypted and uploaded to the module during the next secure connection window.

[0055] An adjustment module receives the contextual profile prepared by the factorisation fetching module and converts that profile into quantitative safe limits for changing the optical permeability of the viewing surface. These limits define maximum and minimum transmissivity levels, permitted rates of change, and allowable spatial extents for modulation under given conditions. The module takes into account both environmental risk (for example, intense short-duration glare versus sustained low contrast) and personal risk (for example, a history of light-induced headaches), and it produces conservative bounds that prevent over-darkening or under-protection that could compromise visibility or welfare.

[0056] In an embodiment, given a forecast of direct low-angle sunlight at dawn and a driver record indicating heightened sensitivity, the module sets a limit that allows only gradual attenuation of the affected region to no darker than 40% transmissivity and restricts the rate of change to avoid rapid transitions that disorient the driver.

[0057] The adjustment module further encodes operational rules to address safety and regulatory considerations. These include minimum visibility requirements for critical road areas (for example, preserving visibility of lane markings and traffic signals), maximum local contrast changes to prevent sudden visual discontinuities, and fallback thresholds to ensure that any modulation never compromises the driver’s ability to detect pedestrians and obstacles. The module outputs numeric constraints and confidence levels to the control unit so that the modulation is applied on the substrate 101 within legally and medically acceptable bounds.

[0058] In an embodiment, in low-visibility weather such as heavy fog, the module tightens limits to prioritize overall forward visibility, allowing only minor localized dimming for headlight glare and prohibiting broader opacity that reduces contrast of the road ahead.

[0059] The adjustment module also supports personalized profiles and adaptive learning. The module stores multiple preference levels (for example, standard, sensitive, and clinical) and switch among them based on driver selection or clinical recommendation. The module similarly adjusts its bounds over time based on feedback, such as the driver manually overriding a modulation or reporting discomfort after a trip. All changes to the safe-limit parameters are recorded and are presented to the driver as a service log or exported for review by an authorised practitioner.

[0060] In an embodiment, after several trips where the driver manually increased dimming, the module offers to adopt a more conservative default for that driver, subject to the driver’s approval and a check that the new settings comply with minimum visibility rules.

[0061] The design includes fail-safe and reporting functions. If the factorisation fetching module is not able to obtain reliable weather data or the medical profile is incomplete, the adjustment module applies predefined conservative defaults and annotates the confidence of its limits. Any critical conflicts between environmental conditions and user medical constraints are flagged to the driver and recorded in a communication log for maintenance or clinical review. This ensures that adjustments to the viewing surface remain within predictable, auditable, and medically respectful boundaries.

[0062] A blocker assembly 104 is a front-mounted arrangement that places one or more translucent panels 106 directly in front of selected regions of the viewing surface when high-intensity light is detected. The translucent panels 106 are carried as end effectors on one or more robotic arms 105 that are fixed to the vehicle 100 structure at the front portion. The blocker assembly 104 is intended to provide an additional, physical reduction of light that cannot be sufficiently reduced by adjusting the viewing surface alone. The blocker assembly 104 is stowed out of the driver’s normal field of view when not required, and it deploys only to intercept and attenuate specific beams or zones of incoming light that exceeds a predetermined intensity threshold.

[0063] In an exemplary embodiment, the blocker assembly 104 uses a single articulated arm with a modest-size panel that pivots into place in front of a narrow vertical strip of the viewing surface. This arrangement is suitable for intercepting a concentrated headlight beam from an oncoming vehicle at night. In another embodiment for larger or more complex glare sources, multiple arms are provided, each carrying a panel that is positioned to cover different lateral sections of the viewing surface. The multiple-arm arrangement permits selective blocking of left, centre or right regions independently, so that only the portions of the viewing surface that are affected by bright light are intercepted while the rest remain unobstructed.

[0064] The panels 106 themselves are translucent rather than fully opaque, so they reduce intensity while preserving some level of transmitted information such as road outlines, lane markings and signal lights. In an embodiment, the materials include but not limited to impact-resistant polymers or laminated glass with controlled translucency properties. Surfaces are treated to resist scratching, icing, and contamination, and panels 106 are shaped (flat, slightly curved, or faceted) to match the curvature of the viewing surface and to provide predictable attenuation characteristics across an expected range of incident angles. A translucent finish ensures that the driver is able to still perceive motion and contrast through the panel 106, which aids situational awareness while glare is being mitigated.

[0065] In an embodiment, a pair of small curved panels are carried on two arms and deployed to shadow the exact portion of the windshield affected by a two-wheeler’ headlight. The panels are deployed to reduce peak brightness to a level that does not obscure a pedestrian outline crossing the road, while still sufficiently attenuating the headlight to prevent temporary visual impairment.

[0066] The arms 105 are mounted with universal joints that permit controlled extension, retraction and angular adjustment, allowing precise placement of the panels 106 relative to the viewing surface. In an embodiment, when retracted, the arms 105 retract into housings that align with the vehicle 100 front to minimize aerodynamic impact. Deployment paths are chosen to avoid contact with the wiper, bonnet/hood, or other external fixtures. In an embodiment, for vehicles 100 susceptible to debris impact or tight parking situations, the blocker assembly 104 uses short-stroke arms with panels 106 that slide out from narrow slots rather than swinging widely, thereby reducing the likelihood of external interference.

[0067] In an embodiment, in a heavy-duty vehicle, the blocker assembly 104 includes three panels on short arms that deploy sequentially from right-to-left so that only one panel is in motion at a time; if a panel encounters an unexpected resistance, the sequence halts and the remaining panels remain stowed to avoid compounding the fault.

[0068] The blocker assembly 104 also considers environmental conditions such as precipitation, icing and high winds; in adverse conditions the blocker assembly 104 may adopt conservative operation limits, for example reducing maximum extension or increasing translucency, and it logs operational events for later review. The blocker assembly 104 provides a physical, targeted, and recoverable means to reduce harmful light exposure while preserving necessary visibility for safe driving.

[0069] A seat translation unit 108 is provided that acts as a controlled means to change the seating position of the driver so that the driver’s head is moved out of the direct path of any remaining light that is not sufficiently attenuated by the viewing surface or the blocker assembly 104. The translation unit 108 couples the driver’s seat to an inner surface of the cabin and is arranged to translate the seat along two orthogonal axes, one vertical and one horizontal so that the head position is adjusted both up/down and fore/aft or left/right as required. The translation unit 108 is intended to operate only when necessary to reduce exposure to intense unblocked light, and it does so while maintaining occupant comfort and compliance with seating and restraint geometry.

[0070] The translation unit 108 comprises a pair of lead screws arranged orthogonally and linked to the seat structure and to the cabin mounting points. Each lead screw is fitted with a nut or carriage that travels along the screw when the screw is rotated. Rotation of one screw provides vertical displacement of the seat carriage, while rotation of the other screw provides horizontal displacement. Motors coupled to each screw provide input, and position feedback monitor the travel of the carriages so that the seat location is known at all times. The lead screws are supported in linear guides or rails to ensure smooth motion and to resist side loads, thereby preserving alignment of the seat relative to the floor of the vehicle 100 and restraints.

[0071] In an embodiment, in a passenger car, the vertical lead screw provides up to 120 mm of travel to adjust eye height, while the horizontal lead screw provides up to 150 mm of fore/aft or lateral travel. The lead screws are enclosed within covers to protect them from contamination and to reduce noise. The seat base connects to the dual-axis carriage assembly with reversible fastenings so that seat removal for service or replacement is straightforward.

[0072] The translation unit 108 is connected electrically and logically to the vehicle 100 control architecture so that seat movement is affected only when the prevailing conditions justify displacement of the driver’s head out of the unblocked light path. The translation unit 108 receives a signal indicating the presence and location of unblocked light and a recommended displacement vector. Upon authorization, the seat moves to a pre-calculated safe position. Redundant position sensing and travel limits prevent motion beyond design bounds, and a manual override allows the driver to halt or reverse any motion immediately.

[0073] In an embodiment, when a concentrated high-beam enters the cabin from the right and is sufficiently reduced by other measures, a small horizontal shift of 50 mm to the left and a 20 mm lowering of eye height is sufficient to move the driver’s sightline outside the beam. The seat translation unit 108 performs this limited move smoothly and within occupant comfort limits so that the driver remains fully restrained and able to operate control of vehicle 100.

[0074] In an exemplary embodiment, the translation unit 108 incorporates a load sensor under the seat cushion, if the occupant is not detected or is out of normal seating range, the translation unit 108 is not actuated. If an obstruction is detected while moving, the drive torque is reduced and the carriage retracts slightly to a safe state, and an indicator is logged to maintenance records.

[0075] A maintenance unit 109 is provided to monitor the viewing surface for any physical damage that impair visibility or the functioning of the optically-permeable substrate 101. The maintenance unit 109 comprises one or more optical sensor disposed within the cabin observes light that passes through the substrate 101 into the cabin and compares measured patterns against expected signatures for an intact surface. Any deviation that matches predefined damage criteria such as sudden localized loss of transmitted light, scattering indicative of cracks, or persistent reduction in transmissivity in a given area is treated as an indication of possible physical impairment of the substrate 101 and recorded for follow-up. The maintenance unit 109 is intended to preserve driving safety by rapidly detecting faults that might reduce the driver’s ability to see clearly.

[0076] In an embodiment, a set of small optical detectors arranged near the instrument panel measures light intensity at multiple points below the viewing surface. If a single detector repeatedly reports a drop of more than 30% in received light in a short time while adjacent detectors remain stable, the maintenance unit 109 interprets this as a likely localized crack or delamination and generates a fault entry.

[0077] The optical sensors within the maintenance unit 109 are selected and arranged to detect a range of optical anomalies. These may include sudden shadows, diffuse scattering caused by micro-cracks, localized dark spots from delamination, or gradual overall loss of transparency due to contamination. The optical sensors are simple photodiodes or photometric arrays, and they sample at rates sufficient to distinguish transient occlusions (for example, a passing hand or object) from persistent damage. Data from multiple sensors is cross-checked so that transient or benign events do not trigger false alarms.

[0078] In an exemplary embodiment, a matrix of low-noise photodiodes samples at 10 Hz and performs a five-sample median filter to ignore momentary occlusions. Persistent deviations that remain beyond a configurable time threshold (for example, three seconds) are escalated as potential damage events.

[0079] Calibration and baseline establishment are an integral part of the maintenance unit’s operation. On installation and periodically during normal use, the maintenance unit 109 captures baseline light transmission patterns under known conditions. These baselines account for manufacturing tolerances, driver seating variations, and normal wear such as minor surface contamination. Subsequent readings are normalized to the baseline so that only meaningful deviations prompt an alert. Calibration procedures are initiated automatically at vehicle 100 start-up or invoked during scheduled maintenance.

[0080] In an exemplary embodiment, during the first ten minutes of vehicle 100 operation each day, the maintenance unit 109 records a baseline profile when the cabin climate is steady, the profile is time-stamped and used to normalize subsequent measurements for that ignition cycle.

[0081] To improve reliability, the maintenance unit 109 is designed with redundancy and health monitoring. Multiple sensors cover overlapping regions so that a sensor failure does not mask a damage event. Self-checks detect stuck or noisy detectors, and the maintenance unit 109 logs sensor health information to maintenance records. If the sensor degrades, the maintenance unit 109 flags the specific sensor for inspection while continuing to monitor using neighboring detectors.

[0082] In an exemplary embodiment: if one sensor shows a constant zero output during a health check, the maintenance unit 109 flags it as faulty and raises a maintenance log entry identifying the sensor location and recommended service action.

[0083] A communication unit works together with the maintenance unit 109 to notify relevant parties when damage is detected. Notifications include a concise description of the detected condition, the affected region of the viewing surface, the time of detection, and a confidence level based on sensor agreement. Notifications are presented to the driver in-cabin as an alert message, recorded in the vehicle 100 maintenance log, and transmitted externally to designated contacts or service providers using available telematics or mobile interfaces. The communication unit ensures that the alert reaches the right recipient and that the incident is logged for subsequent repair action.

[0084] In an exemplary embodiment, upon detection of a delamination signature in the lower-left quadrant of the viewing surface, the communication unit displays an in-cabin message advising inspection, stores the event in the maintenance log, and transmits an encrypted notification to the vehicle 100 manufacturer’s service portal with sensor diagnostics and a recommended urgency level.

[0085] A mapping unit 107 provided at a front portion of the vehicle 100 captures three-dimensional spatial data of the area ahead of the vehicle 100 and produces a map that identifies free paths and obstacles so the driver navigates safely when visual conditions are poor. The mapping unit 107 uses a LiDAR (light detection and ranging) and a RADAR (radio-based ranging) working together to collect complementary information about the forward scene. The LiDAR samples the geometry of nearby objects with high spatial resolution, providing accurate distance measurements to surfaces such as other vehicles, pedestrians, barriers, and roadside features. The RADAR on the other hand provides robust detection of objects at longer ranges and in degraded optical conditions, and it is able to detect and measure moving targets even when visibility is reduced by fog, rain, dust, or glare. Data from these mapping unit 107 is combined to form a time-stamped three-dimensional representation of the forward environment that highlights drivable space and the location, size and motion of potential obstructions.

[0086] In an exemplary embodiment, a forward-mounted light-based unit scans the road to a range of 200 metres with angular resolution sufficient to resolve a pedestrian silhouette at 50 metres, while the radio-based unit reliably detects large reflective objects at 250 metres even in heavy rain. The mapping unit 107 produces consecutive 3D frames at 10 to 20 updates per second, creating a live map that reflects both static features (curbs, guardrails) and dynamic objects (vehicle, cyclists, pedestrians).

[0087] The mapping unit 107 supports path determination by analyzing the 3D map to identify navigable corridors and potential impediments. The map indicates surface contours, lane boundaries, and free space margins so that the available path is presented clearly to the driver. Where visual conditions are suboptimal, the map emphasizes critical elements such as the nearest safe trajectory, the location of obstructions relative to the vehicle 100, and suggested avoidance vectors. The output is presented through a display means 202 provided inside the cabin so the driver easily references the generated map without diverting attention from driving tasks.

[0088] In an exemplary embodiment, when entering a fog bank with limited forward visibility, the display means 202 shows a high-contrast schematic of the road ahead with a highlighted corridor representing the recommended path. Dynamic markers denote moving objects detected by the RADAR, and distance markers provide the driver with straightforward numerical ranges to nearby obstacles.

[0089] The display means 202 in the cabin is designed to convey the 3D map in a clear and legible manner appropriate for driving. Display means 202 include but not limited to a head-up style overlay, a centre-stack screen, or a dedicated instrument cluster element. The presentation prioritises simplicity clear lane corridors, obstacle icons, distance readouts, and colour or contrast coding to indicate urgency so the driver interpret the map quickly. User controls permit selection of display detail levels, map scale and whether the map is shown persistently or only when visibility falls below a configurable threshold.

[0090] A transparent photovoltaic layer 301 applied on the viewing surface converts incident solar radiation into electrical energy while maintaining visual transmission. The layer 301 is formed from transparent or semi-transparent photovoltaic elements designed to balance light harvesting with optical clarity. The photovoltaic layer 301 generates electrical power that is routed to a storage battery provided in the vehicle 100 for later use, providing a renewable energy source to support the low-power electronics, sensors and auxiliary loads of vehicle 100. The layer 301 is engineered to meet optical requirements for visibility, to resist environmental wear, and to integrate electrically with the vehicle 100 power architecture in a safe and isolated manner.

[0091] In an exemplary embodiment, the viewing surface carries patterned thin-film photovoltaic stripes that intercepts a portion of the incident sunlight while leaving the majority of visible light unobstructed; these stripes produce usable power during daylight and contribute to the vehicle’s auxiliary power needs, such as sensor modules and control electronics.

[0092] In another exemplary embodiment, a laminated construction embeds a transparent photovoltaic layer 301 between protective glass layers, producing a finished layer 301 that meets impact and optical standards while delivering a modest power output sufficient for sensor operation and low-voltage accessories.

[0093] Figure 4 illustrates a flow chart depicting a method for providing safe vision via an optically-permeable substrate 101 mounted with a viewing surface provided with a driver’s cabin of the vehicle 100.

[0094] The system encompasses a method that relates to providing safe vision for a driver using a specially designed viewing surface mounted in the cabin of a vehicle 100. The method begins by having 401 a spatial light modulator film 102 over the optically-permeable substrate 101. This film 102 allows selective adjustment of transparency in specific regions, reducing glare from oncoming vehicles. By controlling which portions of the substrate 101 become less permeable, the driver can maintain a clear and comfortable view of the road without being affected by intense or concentrated light sources.

[0095] The method includes tracking 402 the position of the driver’s head to determine exactly where the driver is looking. This ensures that the glare reduction is applied only to regions in the line of sight, improving efficiency and avoiding unnecessary darkening of the entire surface. Simultaneously, sensing 403 incoming light from external sources, and determining 404 direction and intensity. By combining head position and light data, the method establishing 405 which areas of the substrate 101 need optical adjustment to reduce glare reaching the driver. For instance, a bright morning sun at a low angle affects one side of the windshield, and the method targets that specific region. Afterwards, the method causing 406 the SLM film 102 to reduce optical permeability of the determined portions of the substrate 101.

[0096] The method further enhances safety by fetching 407 environmental and personal factors. Instant and forecast weather conditions are retrieved from a connected database, and the driver’s vision history is considered for calculating 408 safe limits for adjusting the optical permeability. This ensures that the reduction of glare does not compromise visibility or comfort. Once safe limits are determined, then modulating 409 the SLM film 102 to adjust transparency of the required regions accordingly. In cases of extremely intense light, positioning 410 the translucent panels 106 in front of specific regions of the substrate 101 to further reduce light intensity, ensuring the driver is not exposed to unsafe glare.

[0097] The driver’s seat is translated to reposition the head outside the line of sight of any unblocked light that cannot be controlled by the SLM film 102 or panels 106. This ensures full protection from direct glare while maintaining a comfortable seating posture. The method also includes monitoring the substrate 101 for physical damage. If damage is detected, a communication unit generates a notification to alert the driver or maintenance personnel, ensuring timely inspection or repair of the viewing surface.

[0098] Although the field of the invention has been described herein with limited reference to specific embodiments, this description is not meant to be construed in a limiting sense. Various modifications of the disclosed embodiments, as well as second embodiments of the invention, will become apparent to persons skilled in the art upon reference to the description of the invention. , Claims:1) A safe vision system for a vehicle, comprising an optically-permeable substrate 101 mountable with a viewing surface provided with a driver’s cabin of the vehicle 100, characterised in that:

i) a sensing array 201 arranged within the cabin of the vehicle 100 for monitoring a head position of the driver;

ii) a head tracking module configured with a control unit, receiving data from the sensing array 201 to determine positon of the head of the user;

iii) an SLM (spatial light modulator) film 102 provided over the substrate 101, facilitating adjustment of optical permeability of the substrate 101 in a region-wise selective manner reducing glare caused by oncoming vehicles;

iv) a sensor suite 103 installed over the substrate 101, capturing parameters of the incoming light from one or more sources;

v) a determination module configured with the control unit, receiving data from the sensor suite 103 to determine direction and intensity of the light incoming via the substrate 101;

vi) a vision control module configured with the control unit, receiving data from the head tracking module and the determination module to determine portions of the substrate 101 required to be optically adjusted for reducing the glare from the incident light reaching the user, to accordingly cause the SLM film 102 to reduce optical permeability of the determined portions of the substrate 101;

vii) a factorisation fetching module fetching instant and forecast weather conditions from a connected data base and a medical history of vision of the user inputted via a user interface;

viii) an adjustment module configured with the control unit, receiving data from the factorisation module, to determine safe limits of adjustment of optical permeability of the substrate 101, to feed into the vision control module for modulation of the SLM film 102 accordingly; and

ix) a blocker assembly 104 installed with the front portion of the vehicle 100, positioning a translucent panel 106 in front of one or more regions of the substrate 101, upon detection by the sensor suite 103, of intensity of incident light exceeding a predetermined threshold intensity.

2) The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sensing array 201 comprises a plurality of IR (infrared) sensors positioned in the cabin continuously scanning a thermal signature of the driver.

3) The system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a transparent photovoltaic layer 301 applied onto the substrate 101, converting incident solar radiation into the electrical energy to store in a battery provided in the vehicle 100.

4) The system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a mapping unit 107 provided at a front portion of the vehicle 100, capturing spatial data of a region in front of the vehicle 100 to create a 3D map for determination of available path along with obstructions for navigation in suboptimal vision.

5) The system as claimed in claim 4, wherein the mapping unit 107 comprises a LiDAR (light detecting and ranging) unit and a RADAR (radio detection and ranging) unit.

6) The system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a display means 202 provided in the cabin displaying the 3D map generated by the mapping unit 107 for a viewing of the user.

7) The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sensor suite 103 comprises a plurality of LDRs (light dependent resistors).

8) The system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a maintenance unit 109 installed in the cabin monitoring the substrate 101 for detection of physical damage.

9) The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the maintenance unit 109 comprises one or more optical sensors provided in the cabin detecting light transmitted across the substrate 101 into the cabin.

10) The system as claimed in claim 8, further comprising a communication unit installed with the control unit, transmitting a notification upon detection of damage via the maintenance unit 109.

11) The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the blocker assembly 104 comprises one or more robotic arms 105, each of the arms 105 provided with one of the panels 106 as an end effector, the robotic arms 105 regulated in accordance with the view control module.

12) The system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a seat translation unit 108 connecting seat of the driver with an inner surface of the cabin, translating the seat to move head of the user outside line of sight of light unblocked by the SLM film 102 and the blocker assembly 104.

13) The system as claimed in claim 11, wherein the seat translation unit 108 comprises a dual-axis lead screw arrangement connecting the seat with the inner surface of the cabin translating the seat along a vertical axis and a horizontal axis, regulated in accordance with the sensor suite 103 detecting the unblocked light.

14) A method for providing safe vision via an optically-permeable substrate 101, mounted with a viewing surface provided with a driver’s cabin of the vehicle 100, comprising steps of:
i) having 401 an SLM (spatial light modulator) film 102 over the substrate 101, facilitating adjustment of optical permeability of the substrate 101 in a region-wise selective manner reducing glare caused by oncoming vehicle;
ii) tracking 402 position of head of a driver of the vehicle 100;
iii) sensing 403 incoming light from one or more sources outside the vehicle 100;
iv) determining 404 direction and intensity of the light incoming via the substrate 101;
v) establishing 405 portions of the substrate 101 required to be optically adjusted for reducing the glare from the incident light reaching the user;
vi) causing 406 the SLM film 102 to reduce optical permeability of the determined portions of the substrate 101;
vii) fetching 407 instant and forecast weather conditions from a connected data base and a medical history of vision of the user;
viii) calculating 408 safe limits of adjustment of optical permeability of the substrate 101;
ix) modulating 409 the SLM film 102 accordingly to adjust optical permeability of regions of the substrate 101; and
x) positioning 410 one or more translucent panels 106 in front of one or more regions of the substrate 101 for reducing intensity of incident light exceeding a predetermined threshold intensity.

15) The method as claimed in claim 14, further comprising translating a seat of the cabin for repositioning head of the user away from line of sight of unblocked light.

16) The method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising detecting damage to the substrate 101 for accordingly generating a notification via a communication unit.