Description:The instant application is a Divisional Patent Application of earlier filed parent patent
application no. 202011043945 dated 08/10/2020 and Title: AGROCHEMICAL COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING OF FLUPYRIMIN

FIELD OF THE INVENTION:

The present invention relates to synergistic pesticidal compositions comprising bioactive amounts of (A) Flupyrimin present in amount of 5.0 to 15% w/w; (B) an insecticide selected from clothianidin, thiamethoxam, Fipronil, Cartap hydrochloride, Thiocyclam hydrogen oxalate, dinotefuran, emamectin benzoate, pymetrozine, flonicamid or mixture thereof present in amount of 3.0 to 20% w/w; (C) a plant health additive selected from humic acid, fulvic acid, amino acid, zinc (zinc sulphate heptahydrate ZnSO47H2O, zinc sulphate mono hydrate ZnSO4.H2O, chelated zinc as Zn-EDTA, zinc oxide, zinc lactate gluconate, zinc polyflavonoid), gibberellic acid (GA3), mepiquat chloride, paclobutrazol, Triacontanol or mixtures thereof present in amount of 2.5 to 5.0% w/w. The present invention further relates to process of preparing said composition along with at least one inactive excipients and formulation thereof.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION:

Combination of insecticides and plant health additives are used to broaden the spectrum of control of insect–pests and mites, to improve the pest control with synergistic effect, reduce dosage, thereby reducing environmental impact, to broaden the spectrum of control, decrease chances of resistance development and to enhance residual control so lesser the number of sprays for crop protections and minimizing the pesticidal load in ecosystem. The combination of insecticides and fungicides at times demonstrate an additive or synergistic effect that results in an improved control on the insect-pests and disease.
Insecticides and plant health additives in combination or pesticides are used widely and very frequently in commercial agriculture and have enabled an enormous increase in crop yields and product quality which ultimately increased the ease to farmers in term of economic advantage as well as ease of farming activities.
There are many combinations of Flupyrimin along with other insecticide known in the art for the control of soil borne pests. For example, CN108849961A relates to a kind of composition pesticides containing pyridine quinazoline, it is A and B containing active constituent, wherein A is selected from pyridine quinazoline, B is selected from one of dinotefuran, Diacloden, Flupyrimin, Ivermectin HCL, composition includes usual auxiliaries, active components A and B, A and B has synergistic effect to target after compounding in certain proportion, suitable for preventing and treating insects pest.
WO2018052136A1 relates to a pesticide composition characterized by comprising a condensed heterocyclic compound comprising insecticidal compounds such Flupyrimin, ipronil, brofuranilide and other insecticides from various groups.
CN109645002A relates to a synergetic pesticide compositions containing D-limonene, and other agent is selected from one or more of compounds such as dinotefuran, Diacloden, clothianidin, fluorine pyrrole furanone, flonicamid, Flupyrimin, pymetrozine, trifluoro-benzene pyrimidine, Nitenpyram, bromine cyanogen insect amide, Rynaxypyr, four chlorantraniliproles, fluorobenzene insect amide, and composition includes usual auxiliaries.
There is however a need for improvement of these combinations. Single active combinations used over a long period of time has resulted in resistance. With the onset of resistance to certain pests, there is a need in the art for a combination of actives that decreases chances of resistance and improves the spectrum of control over insect-pests and mites.
However still there is a need for a composition comprises Flupyrimin; an insecticide selected from various groups or mixture thereof; and a plant health additive selected from bio-stimulants, plant growth regulators, microbial agents and micronutrients or mixture thereof. The present invention further relates to process of preparing said composition along with at least one inactive excipients and formulation thereof which overcomes some of the existing problems and can be prepared easily without much complex manufacturing process.

In general use, the pesticide actives are used in the form of a dilute aqueous composition because it can attain a good interaction with the target organism, such as plants, fungi and insects. However, most active pesticide compounds that are used as pesticides are only sparingly or even insoluble in water. The low solubility of such compounds present the challenges and difficulties to formulator in formulating pesticide compounds in stable formulations that can be easily stored for a long time and which still have a high stability and effective activity until end use. This problem especially occurs and may get worsen if more than one active compound is present in the composition.
Therefore, one object of the present invention is to provide improved combinations of insecticides and plant health additives for the control of insect-pests and mites. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method and a composition for controlling insect-pests and mites.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a stable and synergistic agrochemical composition comprising of Flupyrimin and formulation thereof.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide improved combinations of insecticides and plant health additives that promote plant health and to increase plant or crop yield.
Embodiment of the present invention can ameliorate one or more of the above mentioned problems.
Inventors of the present invention have surprisingly found that the novel synergistic
pesticidal composition of Flupyrimin; an insecticide selected from various groups or mixture thereof; and a plant health additive selected from bio-stimulants, plant growth regulators, microbial agents and micronutrients or mixture thereof. The present invention further relates to process of preparing said composition along with at least one inactive excipients and formulation thereof as described herein which can provide solution to the above mentioned problems.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Therefore an aspect of the present invention provides a synergistic pesticidal composition comprising bioactive amounts of (A) Flupyrimin; (B) an insecticide selected from various groups or mixture thereof; (C) a plant health additive(s) or mixture thereof.
Further aspect of the present invention provides a synergistic pesticidal compositions comprising bioactive amount bioactive amounts of Flupyrimin present in amount of 5.0 to 15% w/w; (B) an insecticide selected from clothianidin, thiamethoxam, Fipronil, Cartap hydrochloride, Thiocyclam hydrogen oxalate, dinotefuran, emamectin benzoate, pymetrozine, flonicamid or mixture thereof present in amount of 3.0 to 20% w/w; (C) a plant health additive selected from humic acid, fulvic acid, amino acid, zinc (zinc sulphate heptahydrate ZnSO47H2O, zinc sulphate mono hydrate ZnSO4.H2O, chelated zinc as Zn-EDTA, zinc oxide, zinc lactate gluconate, zinc polyflavonoid), gibberellic acid (GA3), mepiquat chloride, paclobutrazol, Triacontanol or mixtures thereof present in amount of 2.5 to 5.0% w/w. The present invention further relates to process of preparing said composition along with at least one inactive excipients and formulation thereof.
As per one of the emodiement the agrochemical composition formulated as Water dispersible granule (WG or WDG), and one or more customary formulation adjuvants such as a) dispersing agent b) wetting-spreading-penetrating agent c) anti-foaming agent d) disintegrating agent e) Humectant f) carrier.
Accordingly, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a synergistic pesticidal compositions comprising bioactive amounts of (A) Flupyrimin; (B) an insecticide selected from clothianidin, thiamethoxam, Fipronil, Cartap hydrochloride, Thiocyclam hydrogen oxalate, dinotefuran, emamectin benzoate, pymetrozine, flonicamid or mixture thereof or mixture thereof ; and (C) a plant health additive is selected from humic acid, fulvic acid, amino acid, zinc (zinc sulphate heptahydrate ZnSO47H2O, zinc sulphate mono hydrate ZnSO4.H2O, chelated zinc as Zn-EDTA, zinc oxide, zinc lactate gluconate, zinc polyflavonoid), gibberellic acid (GA3), mepiquat chloride, paclobutrazol, Triacontanol or mixtures thereof.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION:

The term "synergistic", as used herein, refers the combined action of two or more active
agents blended together and administered conjointly that is greater than the sum of their
individual effects.
"Bioactive amounts” as mentioned herein means that amount which, when applied treatment of crops, is sufficient to effect such treatment.
Therefore an aspect of the present invention provides a synergistic pesticidal composition comprising bioactive amounts of (A) Flupyrimin; (B) an insecticide selected from clothianidin, thiamethoxam, Fipronil, Cartap hydrochloride, Thiocyclam hydrogen oxalate, dinotefuran, emamectin benzoate, pymetrozine, flonicamid or mixture thereof or mixture thereof; (C) a plant health additive selected from humic acid, fulvic acid, amino acid, zinc (zinc sulphate heptahydrate ZnSO47H2O, zinc sulphate mono hydrate ZnSO4.H2O, chelated zinc as Zn-EDTA, zinc oxide, zinc lactate gluconate, zinc polyflavonoid), gibberellic acid (GA3), mepiquat chloride, paclobutrazol, Triacontanol or mixtures thereof or mixtures thereof.
In an embodiment of the present invention provides a synergistic pesticidal compositions comprising bioactive amount bioactive amounts of (A) Flupyrimin present in amount of 5.0 to 15% w/w; (B) an insecticide selected from clothianidin, thiamethoxam, Fipronil, Cartap hydrochloride, Thiocyclam hydrogen oxalate, dinotefuran, emamectin benzoate, pymetrozine, flonicamid or mixture thereof present in amount of 3.0 to 20% w/w; (C) a plant health additive selected from humic acid, fulvic acid, amino acid, zinc (zinc sulphate heptahydrate ZnSO47H2O, zinc sulphate mono hydrate ZnSO4.H2O, chelated zinc as Zn-EDTA, zinc oxide, zinc lactate gluconate, zinc polyflavonoid), gibberellic acid (GA3), mepiquat chloride, paclobutrazol, Triacontanol or mixtures thereof present in amount of 2.5 to 5.0% w/w and inactive formulation excipients.
In an embodiment of the present invention an insecticide is clothianidin, thiamethoxam, Fipronil, Cartap hydrochloride, Thiocyclam hydrogen oxalate, dinotefuran, emamectin benzoate, pymetrozine, Flonicamid or mixture thereof.
In an embodiment of the present invention an insecticide is clothianidin, dinotefuran, emamectin benzoate, pymetrozine, flonicamid or mixture thereof.
In an embodiment of the present invention a plant health additive from class of bio-stimulant is selected from humic acid, fulvic acid, amino acids, protein hydrolysates, carboxylic acid, jasmonic acid, chitosan, chitin, silicyclic acid, silicic acid (Orth silicic acid (H4Si04)).
In an embodiment of the present invention a plant health additive from class of plant growth regulator is selected from gibberellic acid (GA3), alpha-naphthyl acetic acid, mepiquat chloride, paclobutrazol, uniconazole-p, chlormequat chloride, trinexapac ethyl, aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG), prohexadione calcium, brassinolide, triacontanol, nitrobenzene, nitrophenolate (sodium para-nitrophenolate).
In an embodiment of the present invention a plant health additive from the class of micronutrient is selected from zinc (zinc sulphate heptahydrate ZnSO47H2O, zinc sulphate mono hydrate ZnSO4.H2O, chelated zinc as Zn-EDTA, zinc oxide, zinc lactate gluconate, zinc polyflavonoid), boron (borax-sodium tetraborate, boric acid (H3BO3), di-sodium octa borate tetra hydrate (Na2B8O13.4H2O), di-sodium tetra borate penta hydrate, anhydrous borax, ) and sulphur (elemental sulphur, boronated sulphur) or mixture thereof.

Flupyrimin is a novel chemotype insecticide flupyrimin has unique biological properties, including outstanding potency to imidacloprid (IMI)-resistant rice pests together with superior safety toward pollinators. Intriguingly, FLP acts as a nicotinic antagonist in American cockroach neurons, and [3H] FLP binds to the multiple high-affinity binding components in house fly nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptor (nAChR) preparation. One of the [3H] FLP receptors is identical to the IMI receptor, and the alternative is IMI-insensitive subtype. Furthermore, FLP is favorably safe to rats as predicted by the very low affinity to the rat a4ß2 nAChR. Structure–activity relationships of FLP analogues in terms of receptor potency, featuring the pyridinylidene and trifluoroacetyl pharmacophores, were examined, thereby establishing the FLP molecular recognition at the Aplysia californica ACh-binding protein, a suitable structural surrogate of the insect nAChR. These FLP pharmacophores account for the excellent receptor affinity, accordingly revealing differences in its binding mechanism from IMI.

Clothianidin is an insecticide similar to thiamethoxam and imidacloprid, it is a neonicotinoid. Neonicotinoids are a class of insecticides that are chemically similar to nicotine. Clothianidin and other neonicotinoids act on the central nervous system of insects as an agonist of acetylcholine, the neurotransmitter that stimulates nAChR, targeting the same receptor site (AChR) and activating post-synaptic acetylcholine receptors but not inhibiting AChE.

Pymetrozine, is a member of the class of 1,2,4-triazines that is 4,5-dihydro-1,2,4-triazin-3(2H)-one substituted by a methyl group at position 6 and a (pyridin-3-ylmethylidene)amino group at position 4. It has a role as an antifeedant, an environmental contaminant, a xenobiotic and a TRPV channel modulator. It is a member of 1,2,4-triazines and a member of pyridines. It hasan IUPAC name as 6-methyl-4-[(E)-pyridin-3-ylmethylideneamino]-2,5-dihydro-1,2,4-triazin-3-one.

Plant growth regulators:
Biostimulants:
Humic acid is a group of molecules that bind to, and help plant roots receive, water and nutrients. It has an IUPAC name as 2-nitro bicyclo [2.2.1] hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid. High humic acid levels can dramatically increase yields. Humic acid deficiency can prevent farmers and gardeners from growing crops with optimum nutrition. Humic acids are vital for increasing cell wall permeability in plants. When cell membranes become more permeable, nutrients can more easily enter through the plant
Silicic acid (Orth silicic acid (H4Si04)) is important, very important. It acts as a bio-stimulant for the growth of the plant and helps the plant to overcome infections and stress factors like heat, drought and salinity. So, when bio-active silicic acid is added, plants show an improved growth, higher yield, reduced mineral toxicities and better disease and insect resistance. Moreover, silicon stimulates the beneficial micro-organisms in the (top) soil resulting in synergistic effects for the uptake of nutrients by the plant. Moreover, application of silicic acid along with half dose of recommended pesticide as foliar spray increased the grain and straw yield.

Plant Growth Additives are defined as small, simple chemicals produced naturally by plants to regulate their growth and development.

Plant Growth Regulators can be of a diverse chemical composition such as gases (ethylene), terpenes (gibberellic acid) or carotenoid derivatives (abscisic acid). They are also referred to as plant growth substances, phytohormones or plant hormones.
Plant growth hormones are organic compounds which are either produced naturally within the plants or are synthesized in laboratories. They profoundly control and modify the physiological processes like the growth, development, and movement of plants.

Gibberellic acid is a simple gibberellin, a pentacyclic diterpene acid promoting growth and elongation of cells. It affects decomposition of plants and helps plants grow if used in small amounts, but eventually plants develop tolerance to it. Gibberellic acid is a very potent hormone whose natural occurrence in plants controls their development. Since GA regulates growth, applications of very low concentrations can have a profound effect while too much will have the opposite effect. Gibberellins have a number of effects on plant development. They can stimulate rapid stem and root growth, induce mitotic division in the leaves of some plants, and increase seed germination rates. Moreover oral toxicity of Gibberellic acid (GA3) has been evaluated in S. littoralis and L.migratoria insect species. Researchers observed that GA3 caused significant reduction in food consumption in both insect species which led to larval weight loss. GA3 toxicity was also demonstrated by larval mortality due to exuviation difficulties.

Mepiquat chloride is a quaternary ammonium salt consisting of equimolar amounts of mepiquat cations and chloride anions. It is having IUPAC name as 1,1-dimethylpiperidin-1-ium;chloride. A plant growth regulator, it is used in agriculture to reduce vegetative growth including sprout suppression in garlic, leeks and onions. It has a role as a plant growth retardant and an agrochemical. It is a quaternary ammonium salt and a chloride salt. It contains a mepiquat.
Brassinolide is a plant hormone. The first isolated brassinosteroid, it was discovered when it was shown that pollen from rapeseed (Brassica napus) could promote stem elongation and cell division. The biologically active component was isolated and named brassinolide.
Triacontanol is a fatty alcohol of the general formula C30H62O, also known as melissyl alcohol or myricyl alcohol. It is found in plant cuticle waxes and in beeswax. Triacontanol has been reported to increase the growth of plants by enhancing the rates of photosynthesis, protein biosynthesis, the transport of nutrients in a plant and enzyme activity, reducing complex carbohydrates among many other purposes. The fatty alcohol appears to increase the physiological efficiency of plant cells and boost the potential of the cells responsible for the growth and maturity of a plant.

Nitrobenzene is a plant energiser and flower stimulant. The main advantages of nitrobenzene it helps the plant to increase CN ratio significantly, it increases plant size and helps for flowering, it enhances the plant canopy and induces flowering and increases the yield, it can be used in all major agriculture crops through foliar application, it is compatible with pesticide and fungicides. It is applicable in foliar spray and other forms of applications also as a plant nutrient.

Micronutrients

Zinc is an essential micronutrient which means it is essential for plant growth and development, but is required in very small quantities. Although zinc requirements vary among crops, zinc leaf concentrations (on a dry matter basis) in the range 20 to 100 mg/kg are adequate for most crops.
Zinc occurs in plants as a free ion, as a complex with a variety of low molecular weight compounds, or as a component of proteins and other macromolecules. In many enzymes, zinc acts as a functional, structural, or regulatory cofactor; a large number of zinc-deficiency disorders are associated with the disruption of normal enzyme activity (including that of key photosynthetic enzymes). Zinc deficiency also increases membrane leakiness as zinc-containing enzymes are involved in the detoxification of membrane-damaging oxygen radicals. Zinc may be involved in the control of gene expression; it appears important in stabilizing RNA and DNA structure, in maintaining the activity of DNA-synthesizing enzymes and in controlling the activity of RNA-degrading enzymes.
Application of zinc may not correct zinc deficiency in alkaline soils because even with the addition of zinc, it may remain unavailable for plant absorption. Foliar applications of zinc as zinc sulphate or as zinc chelate (or other organic complexes) are also widely used, especially with fruit trees and grape vines. Zinc can also be supplied as a seed treatment, or by root-dipping of transplant.
The present inventors believe that the combination of the present invention surprisingly results in a synergistic action. The combination of the present invention allows for a broad spectrum of insect pest and mites control and has surprisingly improved plant vigour and yield. Also providing residual control, i.e. longer duration of control and thereby reducing the number of applications. The broad spectrum of the present combination also provides a solution for preventing the development of resistance.
Therefor the aspect of the present invention provides the pesticide composition of active ingredients comprising (A) Flupyrimin; (B) an insecticide selected from various groups or mixture thereof; (C) a plant health additive selected from bio-stimulants, plant growth regulators, microbial agents and micronutrients or mixture thereof; are present in different preferred combinations.
The synergistic agrochemical composition of specific active ingredient has the special advantage of being highly active against insect pests and mites. The present inventors believe that the combination of the present invention surprisingly results in a synergistic action. The combinations of the present invention allow for a broad spectrum of pest control and has surprisingly improved plant vigour and yield. The broad spectrum of the present combination also provides a solution for preventing the development of resistance.
The synergistic composition has very advantageous pesticidal properties for protecting cultivated plants against insect-pests and mites. As has been mentioned, said active ingredient composition can be used to inhibit or destroy the insect-pests and mites that occur on plants or parts of plants of different crops or useful plants, while at the same time those parts of plants which grow later are also protected from attack by such insect-pests and mites. Active ingredient composition has the special advantage of being highly active against diseases in the soil that mostly occurs due to insect-pests and mites in the early stages of plant development.
The synergistic composition of pesticide are used to protect the crops and plants from insect-pests and mites. The lists of the major crops includes but are not limited to GMO (Genetically Modified Organism) and Non GMO varieties of Cotton (Gossypium spp.), Paddy (Oryza sativa), Wheat (Triticum aestavum), Barley (Hordeum vulgare), Maize (Zea mays), Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), Oat (Avena sativa), Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum), Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) , Sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris), Soybean (Glycin max), Peanut (Arachis hypogaea), Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) , Mustard (Brassica juncea), Rape seed (Brassica napus), Linseed (Linum usitatissimum), Sesame (Sesamum indicum), Green gram (Vigna radiata), Black gram (Vigna mungo), Chickpea (Cicer aritinum), Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), Redgram (Cajanus cajan), Frenchbean (Phaseolus vulgaris), Indian bean (Lablab purpureus), Horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum), Field pea (Pisum sativum), Cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba), Lentils (Lens culinaris), Brinjal (Solanum melongena), Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata), Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis), Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) , Onion (Allium cepa L.), Tomato (Solanum lycopersicun) , Potato (Solanum tuberosum) , Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), Chilly (Capsicum annum), Garlic (Allium sativum), Cucumber (Cucumis sativus), Muskmelons (Cucumis melo), Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), Bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria), Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia), Radish (Raphanus sativus), Carrot (Dacus carota subsp. sativus), Turnip (Brassica rapa subsp rapa), Apple (Melus domestica), Banana (Musa spp.), Citrus groups (Citrus spp.), Grape (Vitis vinifera), Guava (Psidium guajava), Litchi (Litchi chinensis), Mango (Mangifera indica), Papaya (Carica papaya), Pineapple (Ananas comosus), Pomegranate (Punica granatum) , Sapota (Manilkara zapota), Tea (Camellia sinensis), Coffea (Coffea Arabica), Turmeric (Curcuma longa), Ginger (Zingiber officinale), Cumin (Cuminum cyminum), Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum), Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), Coriander (Coriandrum sativum), Ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi), Psyllium (Plantago ovate), Black Pepper (Piper nigrum), Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana), Safed musli (Chlorophytum tuberosum), Drum stick (Moringa oleifera), Coconut (Coco nucifera), Mentha ( Mentha spp.), Rose (Rosa spp.), Jasmine (Jasminum spp.), Marigold ( Tagetes spp.), Common daisy (Bellis perennis), Dahlia (Dahlia hortnesis), Gerbera ( Gerbera jamesonii), Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus), vegetables: solanaceous vegetables such as eggplant, tomato, pimento, pepper, potato, etc., cucurbit vegetables such as cucumber, pumpkin, zucchini, water melon, melon, squash, etc., cruciferous vegetables such as radish, white turnip, horseradish, kohlrabi, Chinese cabbage, cabbage, leaf mustard, broccoli, cauliflower, etc., asteraceous vegetables such as burdock, crown daisy, artichoke, lettuce, etc, liliaceous vegetables such as green onion, onion, garlic, and asparagus, ammiaceous vegetables such as carrot, parsley, celery, parsnip, etc., chenopodiaceous vegetables such as spinach, Swiss chard, etc., lamiaceous vegetables such as Perilla frutescens, mint, basil, etc, strawberry, sweet potato, Dioscorea japonica, colocasia, etc., flowers, foliage plants, turf grasses, fruits: pome fruits such apple, pear, quince, etc, stone fleshy fruits such as peach, plum, nectarine, Prunus mume, cherry fruit, apricot, prune, etc., citrus fruits such as orange, lemon, rime, grapefruit, etc., nuts such as chestnuts, walnuts, hazelnuts, almond, pistachio, cashew nuts, macadamia nuts, etc. berries such as blueberry, cranberry, blackberry, raspberry, etc., grape, kaki fruit, olive, plum, banana, coffee, date palm, coconuts, etc. , trees other than fruit trees; tea, mulberry, flowering plant, trees such as ash, birch, dogwood, Eucalyptus, Ginkgo biloba, lilac, maple, Quercus, poplar, Judas tree, Liquidambar formosana, plane tree, zelkova, Japanese arborvitae, fir wood, hemlock, juniper, Pinus, Picea, and Taxus cuspidate, etc.
The synergistic combination of the present invention used to control the insects-pests and mites.
The major insects pests are belongs to the order Hemiptera, for example, rice leafhopper Nephotettix nigropictus, rice brown plant hopper Nilaparvata lugen, rice white backed plant hopper, Apple Mealy bug Phenococcus aceris, bean aphid Aphis fabae, black citrus aphid Toxoptera aurantii, citrus black scale Saissetia oleae, cabbage aphid Brevicoryne brassicae, Lipaphis erysimi, citrus red scale Aonidiella aurantii, yellow scale Aonidiella citrine, citrus mealybug Planococcus citri, corn leaf aphid Rhopalosiphum maidis, cotton aphid Aphis gossypii, cotton jassid Amrasca biguttula biguttla, cotton mealy bug Planococcus spp. And Pseudococcus spp., cotton stainer Dysdercus suturellus, cotton whitefly Bemisia tabaci, cowpea aphid Aphis crassivora, grain aphid Sitobion avenae, golden glow aphid Uroleucon spp., grape mealybug Pseudococcus maritimus, green peach aphid Myzus persicae, greenhouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum, papaya mealy bug Pracoccus marginatus, pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum, sugarcane mealybug Saccharicoccus sacchari, potato aphid Myzus persicae, potato leaf hopper Empoasca fabae, cotton whitefly Bemisia tabaci, tarnished plant bug Lygus lineolaris, wooly apple aphid Eriosoma lanigerum, mango hopper Amritodus atkinsoni, Idioscopus spp. ; order Lepidoptera, army worm Mythimna unipuncta, asiatic rice borer Chilo suppressalis, bean pod borer Maruca vitrata, beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua, black cutworm Agrotis ipsilon, bollworm Helicoverpa armigera , cabbage looper Trichoplusia ni, codling moth Cydia pomonella, croton caterpillar Achea janata, diamond backmoth Plutella xylostella, cabbage worm Pieris rapae, pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella, sugarcane borer Diatraea saccharalis, tobacco budworm Heliothis virescens, tomato fruitworm Helicoverpa zea, velvet bean caterpillar Anticarsia gemmatalis, yellow stem borer Scirpophaga incertulas, spotted bollworm Earias vittella, rice leaffolder Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, pink stem borer Sesamia spp., tobacco leafeating caterpillar Spodoptera litura; brinjal fruit and shoot borer Leucinodes orbonalis, bean pod borer Maruca vitrata, Maruca testulalis, armyworm Mythimna separata, cotton pinkbollworm Pectinophora gossypiella, citrus leafminer Phyllocnistis citrella, cabbage butterfly Pieris bras-sicae, diamond backmoth Plutella xylostella, paddy stem borer Scirpophaga excerptallis, Scirpophaga incertulas, Scirpophaga innotata, wheat stem borer Sesamia inferens, Sitotroga cerealella, Spilosoma obliqua, Spodoptera frugiperda, Spodoptera littoralis, Spodoptera litura, Trichoplusia ni, Tryporyza novella, Tuta absoluta. from the order Coleoptera, for example, apple twig borer Amphicerus spp., corn root worm Diabrotica virgifera, cucumber beetle diabrotica balteata, boll weevil Anthonomus grandis, grape flea beetle Altica chalybea, grape root worm Fidia viticola, grape trunk borer Clytoleptus albofasciatus, radish flea beetle Phyllotreta armoraciae, maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais, northern corn rootworm Diabrotica barberi, rice water weevil Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus, Anthonomus grandis, Bruchus lentis, Diabrotica semipunctata, Diabrotica virgifera, Dicladispa armigera, Epila-chna varivestis, various species of white grubs are Holotrichia bicolor, Holotrichia consanguinea, Holotrichia serrata, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, Phyllotreta chrysocephala, Popillia japonica etc; from the order Orthoptera, for example, Gryllotalpa spp., Locusta spp., and Schistocerca is spp.; from the order Thysanoptera, for example, Frankliniella spp., Thrips palmi, Thrips tabaci and Scirtothrips dorsalis; termites (Isoptera), e.g. Calotermes flavicollis, Coptotermes formosanus, Heterotermes aureus, Leucotermes flavipes, Microtermes obesi, Odontotermes obesus, Reticulitermes flavipes, Termes natalensis; from the order Heteroptera, for example, Dysdercus spp., Leptocorisa spp., from the order Hymenoptera, for example, Solenopsis spp. ; from the order Diptera, for example, Antherigona soccata, Dacus spp., Liriomyza spp., Melanagromyza spp., from the order Acarina, for example, Aceria mangiferae, Brevipalpus spp., Eriophyes spp., Oligonychus mangiferus, Oligonychus punicae, Panonychus citri, Panonychus ulmi, Polyphagotarsonemus latus, Tarsonemus spp., Tetranychus urticae, Tetranychus cinnabarinus.
The term "health of a plant" or "plant health" is defined as a condition of the plant and/or its products. As a result of the improved health, yield, plant vigor, quality and tolerance to abiotic or biotic stress are increased. Noteworthy, the health of a plant when applying the method according to the invention, is increased independently of the pesticidal properties of the active ingredients used because the increase in health is not based upon the reduced pest pressure but instead on complex physiological and metabolic reactions which result for example in an activation of the plant's own natural defense system. As a result, the health of a plant is increased even in the absence of pest pressure. Accordingly, in an especially preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the health of a plant is increased both in the presence and absence of biotic or abiotic stress factors. The above identified indicators for the health condition of a plant may be interdependent or they may result from each other. An increase in plant vigor may for example result in an increased yield and/or tolerance to abiotic or biotic stress. One indicator for the condition of the plant is the yield. "Yield" is to be understood as any plant product of economic value that is produced by the plant such as grains, fruits in the proper sense, vegetables, nuts, grains, seeds, wood (e.g. in the case of silviculture plants) or even flowers (e.g. in the case of gardening plants, ornamentals). The plant products may in addition be further utilized and/or processed after harvesting.
In an especially preferred embodiment of the invention, the yield of the treated plant is increased.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the yield of the plants treated according to the method of the invention, is increased synergistically.
According to the present invention, "increased yield" of a plant, in particular of an agricultural, silvicultural and/or horticultural plant means that the yield of a product of the respective plant is increased by a measurable amount over the yield of the same product of the plant produced under the same conditions, but without the application of the mixture according to the invention.
Increased yield can be characterized, among others, by the following improved proper-ties of the plant: increased plant, weight, increased plant height, increased biomass such as higher overall fresh weight (FW), increased number of flowers per plant, higher grain yield, more tillers or side shoots (branches), larger leaves, increased shoot growth, increased protein content, increased oil content, increased starch content, increased pigment content, increased leaf are index.
According to the present invention, the yield is increased by at least 5%, preferable by 5 to 10 %, more preferable by 10 to 20 %, or even 20 to 30 % compared to the untreated control plants or plants treated with pesticides in a way different from the method according to the present invention. In general, the yield increase may even be higher.
A further indicator for the condition of the plant is the plant vigor. The plant vigor becomes manifest in several aspects such as the general visual appearance. In another especially preferred embodiment of the invention, the plant vigor of the treated plant is increased. In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the plant vigor of the plants treated according to the method of the invention, is increased synergistically. Improved plant vigor can be characterized, among others, by the following improved properties of the plant: improved vitality of the plant, improved plant growth, improved plant development, improved visual appearance, improved plant stand (less plant verse/lodging), improved emergence, enhanced root growth and/or more developed root system, enhanced nodulation, in particular rhizobial nodulation, bigger leaf blade, bigger size, increased plant weight, increased plant height, increased tiller number, increased number of side shoots, increased number of flowers per plant, increased shoot growth, increased root growth (extensive root system), increased yield when grown on poor soils or unfavorable climate, enhanced photosynthetic activity (e.g. based on increased stomatal conductance and/or increased CO2 assimilation rate), increased stomatal conductance, increased CO2 assimilation rate, enhanced pigment content (e.g. chlorophyll content), earlier flowering, earlier fruiting, earlier and improved germination, earlier grain maturity, improved self-defense mechanisms, improved stress tolerance and resistance of the plants against biotic and abiotic stress factors such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, insects, heat stress, cold stress, drought stress, UV stress and/or salt stress, less non-productive tillers, less dead basal leaves, less input needed (such as fertilizers or water), greener leaves, complete maturation under shortened vegetation periods, less fertilizers needed, less seeds needed, easier harvesting, faster and more uniform ripening, longer shelf-life, longer panicles, delay of senescence, stronger and/or more productive tillers, better extractability of ingredients, improved quality of seeds (for being seeded in the following seasons for seed production), better nitrogen uptake, improved reproduction, reduced production of ethylene and/or the inhibition of its reception by the plant.
The improvement of the plant vigor according to the present invention particularly means that the improvement of any one or several or all of the above mentioned plant characteristics are improved independently of the pesticidal action of the mixture or active ingredients (components).
Another indicator for the condition of the plant is the "quality" of a plant and/or its products.
In an especially preferred embodiment of the invention, the quality of the treated plant is increased.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the quality of the plants treated according to the method of the invention, is increased synergistically.
According to the present invention, enhanced quality means that certain plant characteristics such as the content or composition of certain ingredients are increased or improved by a measurable or noticeable amount over the same factor of the plant produced under the same conditions, but without the application of the mixtures of the present invention. Enhanced quality can be characterized, among others, by following improved properties of the plant or its product: increased nutrient content, increased protein content, increased content of fatty acids, increased metabolite content, increased carotenoid content, increased sugar content, increased amount of essential amino acids, improved nutrient composition, improved protein composition, improved composition of fatty acids, improved metabolite composition, improved carotenoid composition, improved sugar composition, improved amino acids composition, improved or optimal fruit color, improved leaf color, higher storage capacity, higher processability of the harvested products.
Another indicator for the condition of the plant is the plant's tolerance or resistance to biotic and/or abiotic stress factors. Biotic and abiotic stress, especially over longer terms, can have harmful effects on plants. Biotic stress is caused by living organisms while abiotic stress is caused for example by environmental extremes. According to the present invention, "enhanced tolerance or resistance to biotic and/or abiotic stress factors" means (1.) that certain negative factors caused by biotic and/or abiotic stress are diminished in a measurable or noticeable amount as compared to plants exposed to the same conditions, but without being treated with a mixture according to the invention and (2.) that the negative effects are not diminished by a direct action of the mixture according to the invention on the stress factors, e.g. by its insecticidal action which directly destroys the microorganisms or pests, but rather by a stimulation of the plants' own defensive reactions against said stress factors.

Formulation of the present invention is prefereably Water dispersible granule (WG or WDG).
One or more of the active ingredients is encapsulated for various purposes, such as to increase the residual biological activity, or to reduce the acute toxicity, or to obtain a physical or chemically stable water-based formulation. The purpose determines whether the “free” active ingredient and the “release rate” are relevant properties of a specific product.
Further pesticidal composition comprising (A) Flupyrimin; (B) an insecticide selected from various groups or mixture thereof; (C) a plant health additive selected from bio-stimulants, plant growth regulators, microbial agents and micronutrients or mixture thereof are present in the said composition in specific fixed ratio.

In further aspect the present invention relates to the synergistic insecticidal composition comprising bioactive amounts of (A) is 5.0 to 15% w/w of the composition; (B) is 3.0 to 20% w/w of the composition; and (C) is 2.5 to 5.0% w/w of the composition.

Compounds Compound A Compound B Compound C
Composition Flupyrimin One or more insecticides Plant health additives
% Ratio (w/w) 5.0 to 15% w/w 3.0 to 20% w/w 2.5 to 5.0% w/w
The composition of the present invention in addition to bioactive amounts of active ingredients further comprises inactive excipients including but not limited to wetting-spreading-penetrating agent, dispersant or dispersing agent, anti-foaming agent, carriers, disintegrating agent, Humectant.
Examples of Wetting-spreading-penetrating agent for water dispersible granule (WDG) is selected from Organo silicone surfactants includes trisiloxane ethoxylate, polydimethylsiloxane, polyoxyethylene methyl polysiloxane, polyoxyalkylene methyl polysiloxane, polyether polymethyl siloxane copolymer, , may or may not be in modified form, may be liquid or powder form or mixture thereof etc.
A dispersant or a dispersing agent is a substance which adsorbs onto the surface of particles and helps to preserve the state of dispersion of the particles and prevents them from re-aggregating. Dispersants are added to agrochemical formulations to facilitate dispersion and suspension during manufacture, and to ensure the particles re-disperse into water in a spray tank. They are widely used in wettable powders, suspension concentrates and water-dispersible granules. Surfactants that are used as dispersants have the ability to adsorb strongly onto a particle surface and provide a charged or steric barrier to re-aggregation of particles. The most commonly used surfactants are anionic, non-ionic, or mixtures of the two types. For wettable powder formulations, the most common dispersants are sodium lingo sulphonates. In recent years, new types of very high molecular weight polymeric surfactants have been developed as dispersants. These have very long hydrophobic ‘backbones’ and a large number of ethylene oxide chains forming the ‘teeth’ of a ‘comb’ surfactant. These high molecular weight polymers can give very good long-term stability to suspension concentrates because the hydrophobic backbones have many anchoring points onto the particle surfaces.
Examples of dispersants or dispersing agent used herein for WDG (Water Dispersible Granule) formulation includes but not limited to alkylnaphthalene sulfonate sodium salt, sodium polycarboxylate, naphthalene sulfonic acid, sodium salt condensates with formaldehyde, polyalcoxylated alkylphenol, naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate, methyl naphthalene-formaldehyde-condensate sodium salt, naphthalene condensates, lignosulfonates, polyacrylates and phosphate esters, calcium lignosulfonate, lignin sulfonate sodium salt.

Antifoaming agent for the present formulation is selected from various compounds and selectively used according to the formulation. Generally, there are two types of antifoam agents, namely silicones and non-silicones. Silicones are usually aqueous emulsions of dimethyl poly siloxane while the non-silicone anti-foam agents are water- insoluble oils, such as octanol and nonanol, or silica. In both cases, the function of the anti-foam agent is to displace the surfactant from the air-water interface.
Examples of Antifoaming agent used herein for WDG (Water Dispersible Granule) formulation includes but not limited to polydimethylsiloxane.
Examples of Carrier used herein for WDG (Water Dispersible Granule) formulation includes but not limited to china clay, silica, lactose anhydrous, ammonium sulfate, sodium sulfate anhydrous, corn starch, urea, EDTA, urea formaldehyde resin, diatomaceous earth, kaolin, bentonite, kieselguhr, fuller's earth, attapulgite clay, bole, loess, talc, chalk, dolomite, limestone, lime, calcium carbonate, powdered magnesia, magnesium oxide, magnesium sulphate, sodium chloride, gypsum, calcium sulphate, pyrophyllite, silicates and silica gels; fertilizers such as, for example, ammonium sulphate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate and urea; natural products of vegetable origin such as, for example, grain meals and flours, bark meals, wood meals, nutshell meals and cellulosic powders; and synthetic polymeric materials such as, for example, ground or powdered plastics and resins, bentonites, zeolites, titanium dioxide, iron oxides and hydroxides, aluminium oxides and hydroxides, or organic materials such as bagasse, charcoal, or synthetic organic polymers.
Examples of Disintegrating agent used herein for WDG (Water Dispersible Granule) formulation includes but not limited to citric acid, succinic acid or the sodium bicarbonate.
Examples of Humectant used herein for SC (Suspension concentrate) formulation, WDG (Water Dispersible Granule) formulation includes but not limited to Nano polysaccharide, urea, humic acid, glycerol, lactose.
While the foregoing written description of the invention enables one of ordinary skill to make and use what is considered presently to be the best mode thereof, those of ordinary skill will understand and appreciate the existence of variations, combinations, and equivalents of the specific embodiment, method, and examples herein. The invention should therefore not be limited by the above described embodiment, method, and examples, but by all embodiments and methods within the scope and spirit of the invention. The invention shall now be described with reference to the following specific examples. It should be noted that the example(s) appended below illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that those skilled in the art will be able to design many alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention.
These and other aspects of the invention may become more apparent from the examples set forth herein below. These examples are provided merely as illustrations of the invention and are not intended to be construed as a limitation thereof.
EXAMPLE 1:

WG (Water Dispersible Granule) formulation of Flupyrimin 10% + Pymetrozine 20% + Triacontanol 0.05%.
Chemical composition % (w/w) Function
Flupyrimin a.i. 10.00 Active Ingredient
Pymetrozine a.i. 20.00 Active Ingredient
Triacontanol a.i. 0.05 Active Ingredient
Trisiloxane ethoxylate 5.00 Wetting-spreading-penetrating agent
Alkylnaphthalene sulfonate sodium salt 6.00 Dispersing agent
Sodium Polycarboxylate 3.00 Dispersing agent
Sodium sulphate anhydrous 8.00 Disintegrating agent
Polydimethyl siloxane 0.50 Antifoaming agent
Nano polysaccharide 2.50 Humactant
Lactose anhydrous 44.95 Carrier
Total 100.00

Storage stability- Flupyrimin 10%+Pymetrozine 20%+Triacontanol 0.05% WG (Water Dispersible Granule) formulation

Storage stability study in laboratory (at 54±2 C & At 0±2 C temp. for 14 days) and at room temperature (for 12 months) shows that Flupyrimin 10%+Pymetrozine 20%+Triacontanol 0.05% WG formulation complies all the in-house parameters like active ingredients content, suspensibility, wettability, wet sieve percent by mass, pH range and moisture content.

Procedure: Manufacturing Process for Flupyrimin 10% + Pymetrozine 20% + Triacontanol 0.05% WG:

Preparation of WG (Water Dispersible Granule) formulation:
Step 1: The active ingredients, Flupyrimin (10 kg), Pymetrozine (20 kg) and Triacontanol (0.05 kg) were weighed and added in blender. Added required quantity of Trisiloxane ethoxylate (5 kg), Alkylnaphthalene sulfonate sodium salt (6 kg), Sodium Polycarboxylate (3 kg), Sodium sulphate anhydrous (8 kg), Polydimethyl siloxane (0.5 kg), Nano polysaccharide (2.5 kg) & Lactose anhydrous (44.95 kg) and mix it till its complete homogenization.
Step 2: Mill this homogenized Mixture till required wet sieve and post blend again for homogeneity.
Step 3: Make dough of this material by spraying 5 kg of water and mix till water get uniformly distributed into the powder to make dough
Pass the above homogenous material through Extruder for granulation.
Step 4: Now transfer the granules through Fluid Bed Dryer to remove excess 5 kg of moisture added during dough making.
Step 5: Transfer these granules to vibro shifter.
Step 6: Collect the final material from the vibro shifter into drum.
EXAMPLE 2:

Flupyrimin 6% + Thiocyclam hydrogen oxalate 20% + Zinc Oxide 2.5% WG

Components Function Content (%, w/w)
Flupyrimin Active Ingredient 6.00
Thiocyclam hydrogen oxalate Active Ingredient 20.00
Zinc oxide Active Ingredient 2.50
Sodium lignosulfonate Dispersing agent 5.75
Acrylic copolymer Dispersing agent 4.27
Alkyl naphthalene sulfonate Wetting agent 3.81
Polydimethylsiloxane Defoamer 1.00
Silicone dioxide Anticaking agent 2.57
Citric acid pH stabilizer 0.50
Kaoline clay Carrirer 53.60
Total 100.00

EXAMPLE 3:

Flupyrimin 12% + Pymetrozine 20% + amino acid 2.5% WG

Components Function Content (%, w/w)
Flupyrimin Active Ingredient 12.00
Pymetrozine Active Ingredient 20.00
Amino acid Active Ingredient 2.5
sulfonated kraft lignin Dispersing agent 4.73
Sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonate condensate Dispersing agent 7.00
Alpha olefin sulfonate Wetting agent 3.68
Polydimethylsiloxane Defoamer 1.00
Starch Anticaking agent 8.76
Citric acid pH stabilizer 0.50
Kaoline clay Carrirer 39.96
Total 100.00

EXAMPLE 4:

Flupyrimin 15% + Clothianidin 15% + Humic acid (Potassium salt) 5% WG

Components Function Content (%, w/w)
Flupyrimin Active Ingredient 15.00
Clothianidin Active Ingredient 15.00
Humic acid (potassium salt) Active Ingredient 5.00
Sodium polycarboxylate Dispersing agent 5.81
Alkoxylated alcohol Dispersing agent 4.36
Sodium lauryl sulphate Wetting agent 2.12
Polydimethylsiloxane Defoamer 1.00
Hydrated magnesium silicate Anticaking agent 3.72
Oxalic acid pH stabilizer 0.50
Kaoline clay Carrirer 47.49
Total 100.00

EXAMPLE 5:

Flupyrimin 15%+Emamectin benzoate 3% + Gibberellic acid 2.5% WG

Components Function Content (%, w/w)
Flupyrimin Active Ingredient 15.00
Emamectin benzoate Active Ingredient 3.00
Gibberellic acid Active Ingredient 2.50
N-methyl oleyl taurate Dispersing agent 7.21
Potassoum polycarboxylate Dispersing agent 5.34
Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate Wetting agent 4.37
Polydimethylsiloxane Defoamer 1.00
Diatomaceous earth Anticaking agent 7.81
Oxalic acid pH stabilizer 0.50
Kaoline clay Carrirer 53.27
Total 100.00

Biological Examples:

A synergistic effect exists wherever the action of a combination of active ingredient is greater than the sum of the action of each of the components alone. Therefore, a synergistically effective amount or an effective amount of a synergistic composition or combination is an amount that exhibits greater pesticidal activity than the sum of the pesticidal activities of the individual components.
In the field of agriculture, it is often understood that the term “synergy” is as defined by Colby S.R. in an article entitled “ Calculation of the synergistic and antagonistic responses of herbicide combinations” published in the journal Weeds, 1967, 15, p.20-22, incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. The expected action for a given combination of two or three active components can be calculated as follows:


The field studies have been conducted to evaluate the synergism and other benefits of innovative ready-mix combinations in comparison to conventional combinations.
Experiment 1: Control of Rice Leaf folder
Crop : Rice
Pests: Cnaphalocrocis medinalis
Plot size : 7 m x 5 m
Number of Treatments: 7
Application Time : 56 DATP (Days after transplanting)
Method of Application: Foliar spray
Water volume: 400 liters per hectare.
Observation Methods:
Record the damage by leaf folders by observing 10 hills per plot. Count the number of healthy and infested leaflets per hill. Calculate leaf folder incidence/damage and reduction in leaf folder incidence as control. Record the observations at 7 and 14 DAA (days after application).

Table 1: Synergistic control of rice leaf folder.
Treatment details Rate (g.a.i./h) Leaf folder control (%)
7 DAA 14 DAA
Obs. value Exp. value Colby's ratio Synergism (Y/N)
T1-Flupyrimin 15%+Emamectin benzoate 3%+Fulvic acid 2.5% WG 45+9+7.5 93.6 85.83 1.09 Y 90.2
T2-Flupyrimin 15%+Emamectin benzoate 3%+Zinc oxide 5% WG 45+9+15 94.8 86.69 1.09 Y 91.5
T3-Flupyrimin 10% SC 45 48.8 - - - 40.3
T4-Emamectin benzoate 5% SG 9 70.3 - - - 63.4
T5-Fulvic acid 80% WP 7.5 6.8 - - - 2.8
T6-Zinc oxide 80% WP 15 12.5 - - - 6.2
T7-UTC (Untreated Control) - 0.0 - - - 0.0

Both the present compositions (T1 and T2) provides synergistic and residual control of rice leaf folders.

Experiment 2: Control of Jassid infesting Okra crop
Crop : Okra
Pests: Jassid, Amrasca biguttula biguttula
Plot size : 7 m x 5 m
Number of Treatments: 8
Application Time : 65 DATP (Days after Sowing)
Method of Application: Foliar spray
Water volume: 450 liters per hectare.
Observation Methods: Count the number of live insects per leaf, record the observations from 3 leaves per plant and 10 plants per plot. Calculate jassid control and apply colbys formula to judge the synergism.

Table 2: Control Jassid in Okra crop.
Treatment details Rate (g.a.i./h) Jassid control (%) at 7days
Obs. value Exp. value Colby's ratio Synergism (Y/N)
T1-Flupyrimin 15%+Dinotefuran 15%+Fulvic acid 3% WG 37.5+38+7.5 94.8 86.47 1.10 Y
T2-Flupyrimin 15%+Clothianidin 16%+Zinc oxide 4% WG 37.5+40+10 97.4 86.66 1.12 Y
T3-Flupyrimin 10% SC 37.5 56.4 - - -
T4-Dinotefuran 20% SG 38 66.2 - - -
T5-Clothianidin 50% WDG 40 63.6
T6-Fulvic acid 80% WP 7.5 8.2 - - -
T7-Zinc oxide 80% WP 10 9.5 - - -
T8-UTC (Untreated Control) - 0.0 - - -

Both the present compositions (T1 and T2) provides synergistic and residual control of jassid infesting okra crop.

Experiment 3: Control of black bug in sugarcane.
Crop : Sugarcane
Pests : Black bug, Cavelerius excavatus
Plot size : 8 m x 4 m
Number of Treatments: 8
Application Time : 65 DATP (Days after Sowing)
Method of Application: Foliar spray
Water volume: 420 liters per hectare.
Observation Methods: as pe experiment 2.
Table 3: Treatment details.
S.No. Treatment details gai/h
T1 Flupyrimin 6%+Thiocyclam hydrogen oxalate 20%+Zinc Oxide 2.5% WG 75+250+31.25
T2 Flupyrimin 6%+Cartap hydrochloride 20%+Zinc Oxide 2.5% WG 75+250+31.25
T3 Flupyrimin 10% SC 75
T4 Thiocyclam hydrogen oxalate 50% SP 250
T5 Cartap hydrochloride 75% SG 250
T6 Zinc oxide 80% WP 31.25
T7 UTC (Untreated Control) -
T1 and T2-present compositions.

Table 4: Black bug control in sugarcane.
Sr.No. Black bug control (%)
7 DAA 15 DAA
Obs. value Exp. value Colby's ratio Synergism (Y/N) Obs. value Exp. value Colby's ratio Synergism (Y/N)
T1 98.5 84.77 1.16 Y 96.2 76.51 1.26 Y
T2 97.8 85.08 1.15 Y 95.9 76.23 1.26 Y
T3 52.8 - - - 41.8 - - -
T4 65.5 - - - 58.3 - - -
T5 66.2 - - - 57.8 - - -
T6 6.5 - - - 3.2 - - -
T7 0.0 - - - 0.0 - - -

Both the present composition (T1 and T2) provide synergistic and residual control of black bug in sugarcane crop.

Experiment 4: Control of cumin aphid.
Crop : Cumin
Pests : Aphid
Plot size : 5 m x 5 m
Number of Treatments: 8
Application Time : 90 DAS (Days after Sowing)
Method of Application: Foliar spray
Water volume: 400 liters per hectare.
Observation Methods: as pe experiment 2.
Table 5: Treatment details.
S.No. Treatment details gai/h
T1 Flupyrimin 15%+Clothianidin 15%+Humic acid (Potassium salt) 5% WG 75+75+25
T2 Flupyrimin 12%+Pymetrozine 20%+Humic acid (Potassium salt) 4% WG 75+125+25
T3 Flupyrimin 10% SC 75
T4 Clothianidin 50% WG 75
T5 Pymetorizne 50% WG 125
T6 Humic acid (Potassium salt) 50% WP 25
T7 UTC (Untreated Control) -
T1 and T2-present compositions.

Table 6: Cumin aphid control.

Sr.No. Cumin aphid control (%)
7 DAA 14 DAA
Obs. value Exp. value Colby's ratio Synergism (Y/N) Obs. value Exp. value Colby's ratio Synergism (Y/N)
T1 91.2 79.43 1.15 Y 86.5 69.34 1.25 Y
T2 92.8 80.56 1.15 Y 87.8 69.90 1.26 Y
T3 36.8 - - - 27.8 - - -
T4 65.3 - - - 56.4 - - -
T5 67.2 - - - 57.2 - - -
T6 6.2 - - - 2.6 - - -
T7 0.0 - - - 0.0 - - -

Both the present composition (T1 and T2) provide synergistic and residual control of cumin aphid.

Summery of field studies:
The field trials results shows many benefits/advantages of innovative ready mix combinations.
• Synergistic control of insect pests observed.
• Increase in level of insect-pests control (higher % control)
• Residual control
• Increase in yield (increase in healthy and productive tillers, grain yield)
• Increases plant growth, vigor, leaf size, root biomass.
, Claims:CLAIMS
We claim;
[CLAIM 1]. The agrochemical composition in the Water Dispersible Granules (WG) formulation comprising:
i. an insecticide Flupyrimin present in amount of 5.0 to 15% w/w;
ii. an insecticide selected from clothianidin, thiamethoxam, Fipronil, Cartap hydrochloride, Thiocyclam hydrogen oxalate, dinotefuran, emamectin benzoate, pymetrozine, Flonicamid or mixture thereof present in amount of 3.0 to 20.0 % w/w;
iii. a plant health additive selected from Humic acid, Fulvic acid, amino acid, zinc (zinc sulphate heptahydrate ZnSO47H2O, zinc sulphate mono hydrate ZnSO4.H2O, chelated zinc as Zn-EDTA, zinc oxide, zinc lactate gluconate, zinc polyflavonoid), Gibberellic acid, Mepiquat chloride, Paclobutrazol, Triacontanol or mixture thereof present in amount of 2.5 to 5.0 %w/w;
iv. one or more inactive excipients.
[CLAIM 2]. The agrochemical composition as claimed in the claim 1, wherein inactive excipients are selected from dispersing agent (s), wetting-spreading- penetrating agent (s), antifoaming agent (s), disintegrating agent (s), Humectant (s), carrier (s) one or combination thereof.
[CLAIM 3]. The agrochemical composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein dispersing agent is selected from alkylnaphthalene sulfonate sodium salt, sodium polycarboxylate, naphthalene sulfonic acid, sodium salt condensates with formaldehyde, lignosulfonates, polyacrylates and phosphate esters, calcium lignosulfonate, lignin sulfonate sodium salt.
[CLAIM 4]. The agrochemical composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein Wetting-spreading-penetrating agent is selected from Organo silicone surfactants includes trisiloxane ethoxylate, polydimethylsiloxane, polyoxyethylene methyl polysiloxane, polyoxyalkylene methyl polysiloxane, polyether polymethyl siloxane copolymer, , may or may not be in modified form, may be liquid or powder form or mixture thereof etc.
[CLAIM 5]. The agrochemical composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein Antifoaming agent is polydimethylsiloxane.
[CLAIM 6]. The agrochemical composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein carrier is selected from china clay, silica, lactose anhydrous, ammonium sulfate, corn starch, urea, EDTA, urea formaldehyde resin, diatomaceous earth, kaolin, bentonite, kieselguhr, fuller's earth, attapulgite clay, synthetic polymeric materials such as, for example, ground or powdered plastics and resins, bentonites, zeolites, titanium dioxide, iron oxides and hydroxides, aluminium oxides and hydroxides, or organic materials such as bagasse, charcoal, or synthetic organic polymers.
[CLAIM 7]. The agrochemical composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein disintegrating agent is selected from citric acid, succinic acid or the sodium bicarbonate, Sodium sulphate anhydrous.
[CLAIM 8]. The synergistic agrochemical composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein Humectant is selected from Nano polysaccharide, urea, humic acid, glycerol, lactose

Dated this 12th day of April 2025