Description:TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of medical devices. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a device and method of measurement of plantar pressure of a user.

BACKGROUND
[0002] Background description includes information that may be useful in understanding the present disclosure. It is not an admission that any of the information provided herein is prior art or relevant to the presently claimed disclosure, or that any publication specifically or implicitly referenced is prior art.
[0003] Plantar pressure refers to the pressure exerted by the foot on the ground during standing, walking, or running. It is an essential parameter for evaluating the distribution of body weight across the foot. Measuring plantar pressure helps identify abnormal pressure patterns that may indicate conditions such as diabetic foot ulcers, plantar fasciitis, or gait abnormalities. Early detection of these issues allows for timely intervention, reducing the risk of complications and improving patient outcomes. Further, accurate plantar pressure data is valuable in designing customized orthotics, rehabilitation plans, and sports performance optimization.
[0004] Existing technologies for plantar pressure measurement face several limitations. Electrical sensors commonly used in these devices are prone to electromagnetic interference (EMI), reducing accuracy in medical environments. Many systems are bulky and non-portable, making them unsuitable for home use. Poor sensor longevity and frequent recalibration requirements increase maintenance costs. Inadequate sensitivity in detecting minor pressure variations limits the accuracy of foot pressure analysis. Electrical sensors are also prone to signal drift and noise, resulting in unreliable data. Further, uneven pressure distribution caused by rigid sensor placements leads to inaccurate readings. Lack of real-time monitoring in many existing devices delays diagnosis and treatment adjustments. Most systems offer limited compatibility with AI-based foot classification algorithms, preventing personalized treatment recommendations. Lastly, invasive or semi-invasive designs can cause patient discomfort, reducing their applicability in continuous monitoring scenarios.
[0005] To address these limitations, the present invention provides a novel device and method that overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

OBJECTS OF THE PRESENT DISCLOSURE
[0006] Some of the objects of the present disclosure, which at least one embodiment herein satisfies are as listed herein below.
[0007] It is a primary object of the present disclosure to provide a device that enables precise and real-time measurement of plantar pressure distribution using Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors for effective diagnosis and monitoring of foot-related conditions.
[0008] It is another object of the present disclosure to provide a device that enables enable early detection of abnormal pressure patterns that may indicate foot disorders such as diabetic foot ulcers, plantar fasciitis, or post-surgical complications, facilitating timely intervention.
[0009] It is yet another object of the present disclosure to provide a device that implements an AI-powered classification system that analyses foot pressure data and accurately identifies foot types, aiding in personalized treatment and rehabilitation.
[0010] It is yet another object of the present disclosure to provide a device that overcomes the limitations of electrical sensors by using FBG-based optical sensors that are immune to electromagnetic interference, ensuring reliable and consistent data.
[0011] It is yet another object of the present disclosure to provide a device that offers real-time graphical representation of foot pressure distribution on a user interface and allows remote data access for healthcare professionals, ensuring continuous patient monitoring and efficient treatment management.

SUMMARY
[0012] This section is provided to introduce certain objects and aspects of the present disclosure in a simplified form that are further described below in the detailed description. This summary is not intended to identify the key features or the scope of the claimed subject matter.
[0013] The present disclosure relates to the field of medical devices. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a device and method of measurement of plantar pressure of a user.
[0014] In an aspect of the present disclosure, a device for measurement of plantar pressure of a user is disclosed. The device includes a platform embedded with a plurality of FBG sensors. The device further includes a silicone gel layer positioned above the plurality of FBG sensors for even pressure distribution. The device further includes a fibre patch cord connecting the plurality of FBG sensors to an optical interrogator. Further, the device includes a processor, operatively coupled with the plurality of FBG sensors and the optical interrogator. The processor is configured to receive wavelength shift data from the optical interrogator connected to the plurality of FBG sensors. The processor is further configured to convert the wavelength shift data into corresponding pressure values by using a calibration factor. The processor is further configured to generate a graphical pressure map by interpolating the pressure values across a foot soles, representing areas of high and low pressure. The processor is further configured to analyse the graphical pressure map by applying AI techniques to classify a foot type of a user.
[0015] In an embodiment, the plurality of FBG sensors is multiplexed using Wavelength-Division Multiplexing (WDM), allowing simultaneous pressure measurements at multiple locations on the foot.
[0016] In an embodiment, the processor is configured to monitor plantar pressure patterns and provide vital data for diagnosis and management of diabetic foot ulcer, plantar fasciitis, and post-surgical rehabilitation.
[0017] In an embodiment, each FBG sensor of the plurality of FBG sensors is configured to detect pressure changes by measuring shifts in reflected wavelengths within a C-band range of 1528 nm to 1568 nm.
[0018] In an embodiment, the processor is configured to apply an AI-based classification model trained to analyse foot pressure patterns and categorize foot types into normal, flatfoot, or high-arched structures.
[0019] In an embodiment, the processor is configured to generate alerts if the detected pressure values exceed normal thresholds, supporting early intervention and personalized treatment adjustments.
[0020] In an embodiment, the number and placement of the plurality of FBG sensors can be customized based on specific requirements of the user, ensuring tailored monitoring and treatment.
[0021] In an aspect of the present disclosure, a method of measurement of plantar pressure of a user is disclosed. The method begins with receiving, by the processor, wavelength shift data from the optical interrogator connected to the plurality of FBG sensors. The method proceeds with converting, by the processor, the wavelength shift data into corresponding pressure values by using a calibration factor. The method proceeds further with generating, by the processor, the graphical pressure map by interpolating the pressure values across a foot sole, representing areas of high and low pressure. The method proceeds further with analysing, by the processor, the graphical pressure map by applying AI techniques. The method ends with classifying, by the processor, a foot type of a user based on the analysed graphical pressure map.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0022] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and are incorporated in, and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.
[0023] In the figures, similar components, and/or features may have the same reference label. Further, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference label with a second label that distinguishes among the similar components. If only the first reference label is used in the specification, the description applies to any one of the similar components having the same first reference label irrespective of the second reference label.
[0024] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary block diagram representation of the proposed device for measurement of plantar pressure of a user, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0025] FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary representation of the proposed device for measurement of plantar pressure of a user, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0026] FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary representation of a FBG calibration experimental setup of the proposed device for measurement of plantar pressure of a user, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0027] FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary representation of an FBG sensor of the proposed device for measurement of plantar pressure of a user, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0028] FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary representation of a prototype of the proposed device for measurement of plantar pressure of a user, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0029] FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary flowchart representation of the proposed method for measurement of plantar pressure of a user, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] The following is a detailed description of embodiments of the disclosure depicted in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments are in such detail as to communicate the disclosure. However, the amount of detail offered is not intended to limit the anticipated variations of embodiments. On the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit, and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.
[0031] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary block diagram representation of the proposed device for measurement of plantar pressure of a user, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0032] Illustrated in Fig. 1 is a block diagram representation of the device for measurement of plantar pressure of a user 100 (hereafter referred to as the device 100). The device includes a processor 102.
[0033] In an embodiment, the processor 102 is operatively coupled with a plurality of Fibre Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors 104. The plurality of FBG sensors 104 provides real-time wavelength shift data based on the plantar pressure applied by the user.
[0034] In an embodiment, the processor 102 is operatively coupled with an optical interrogator 106. The optical interrogator 106 converts the wavelength shift data from the FBG sensors 104 into electrical signals for processing.
[0035] In an embodiment, the processor 102 is operatively coupled with a calibration unit 108. The calibration unit 108 assists in applying a calibration factor to convert wavelength shifts into pressure values.
[0036] In an embodiment, the processor 102 is operatively coupled with a database 110. The database 110 is configured to store processed data for future analysis, diagnostics, and treatment tracking.
[0037] In an embodiment, the processor 102 is operatively coupled with a user interface 112. The user interface 112 is configured to display real-time pressure distribution maps and foot classification results on connected devices like laptops, tablets, or mobile phones.
[0038] In embodiment, the processor 102 is operatively coupled with a communication unit 114. The communication unit 114 is configured to facilitate remote data access for healthcare providers using cloud connectivity.
[0039] In embodiment, the processor 102 is operatively coupled with a power supply unit 116. The power supply unit 116 supplies power to the processor 102, the optical interrogator 106, and other electronic components of the device 100.
[0040] FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary representation of the proposed device for measurement of plantar pressure of a user, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0041] Illustrated in Fig. 2 is a representation of the device 100.
[0042] In an embodiment, the device 100 is integrated with a platform 202 with the plurality of FBG sensors 104. The platform 202 serves as the base for the device 100, providing structural support for the plurality of FBG sensors 104. The platform 202 is configured to hold the plurality of FBG sensors 104 in a fixed arrangement, ensuring proper positioning beneath the foot to capture pressure data accurately. The platform 202 is typically made from durable materials like wood or composite materials to withstand repeated use without compromising sensor accuracy. By securing the plurality of FBG sensors 104 in place, the platform 202 ensures consistent contact with the foot, which is essential for obtaining reliable readings. Further, the platform 202 is configured to minimize vibrations and external disturbances, further enhancing measurement precision. The platform 202 also features a flat and even surface to simulate natural standing and walking conditions. The platform 202 ensures that the pressure distribution is accurately represented and useful for clinical analysis. The number and placement of the plurality of FBG sensors 104 on the wooden platform 202 can be customized based on specific requirements of the user, ensuring tailored monitoring and treatment.
[0043] In an embodiment, the device 100 is integrated with a silicone gel insole 204 is placed on top of the platform 202 with the plurality of FBG sensors 104 to ensure a comfortable and natural foot placement during pressure measurement. The silicone gel insole 204 acts as a cushioning layer, distributing pressure evenly across the sensors and preventing direct contact between the foot and the sensors. This helps in capturing accurate pressure data while preventing sensor damage caused by excessive force or sharp objects. The silicone gel insole 204 mimics the natural softness and elasticity of human skin, enhancing the accuracy of the readings by simulating real-life foot conditions. Further, the silicone gel insole 204 improves user comfort, making the device 100 suitable for extended monitoring sessions. The silicone gel insole 204 also reduces localized pressure points, ensuring even load distribution and minimizing sensor misreading of sensor data. The durability and flexibility of the silicone gel insole 204 further contribute to the long-term usability of the device 100.
[0044] In an embodiment, the device 100 is integrated with the optical interrogator 106 that is a crucial component responsible for converting the optical signals from the plurality of FBG sensors 104 into usable data. When the plurality of FBG sensors 104 experiences pressure, the plurality of FBG sensors 104 produces wavelength shifts that are sent to the optical interrogator 106 through fibre optic cables. The optical interrogator 106 then detects the shifts using specialized algorithms and converts the shifts into digital signals. By analysing the changes in the reflected wavelengths, the optical interrogator 106 accurately calculates the corresponding pressure values. This real-time data conversion allows for immediate visualization and analysis on a connected computer. The optical interrogator 106 also performs noise reduction and signal conditioning to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the results. The optical interrogator 106 is essential for maintaining the precision and efficiency of the device 100.
[0045] In an embodiment, the device 100 is integrated with a fibre patch cord 204 that serves as the communication medium between the plurality of FBG sensors 104 and the optical interrogator 106. The fibre patch cord 204 is a flexible optical fibre cable configured to transmit light signals with minimal loss or distortion. By efficiently carrying the reflected light from the plurality of FBG sensors 104 to the optical interrogator 106, the fibre patch cord 204 ensures that the data remains accurate and reliable. The high-quality construction of the fibre patch cord 204 minimizes signal attenuation, which is crucial for precise wavelength shift detection. Further, the fibre patch cord 204 is resistant to electromagnetic interference, maintaining the integrity of the optical signals in medical environments. The fibre patch cord 204 is also designed to be durable and flexible, allowing for easy installation and adjustments within the device 100. The fibre patch cord 204 plays a vital role in ensuring the accurate transfer of optical data, contributing to the overall reliability of the device 100.
[0046] In an embodiment, the device 100 is integrated with a power cable 206 that is responsible for delivering electrical power from the external power supply to various components of the device. The power cable 206 connects the optical interrogator 106 and the processor 102 to ensure they function without interruption. Configured to handle stable and consistent power delivery, the power cable 206 minimizes voltage fluctuations that could impact device performance. The power cable 206 also features protective shielding to prevent electromagnetic interference, ensuring the integrity of the data collected and processed. Proper insulation and durable construction provide long-term reliability and user safety. Further, the power cable 206 is typically configured with flexible materials for easy installation and secure connections. The power cable 206 is fundamental in maintaining the operational stability of the device 100.
[0047] In an embodiment, the device 100 is integrated with the power supply unit 116 that serves as the primary source of electrical energy for the device 100. The power supply unit 116 converts the standard electrical voltage from a wall outlet into the appropriate voltage and current required for the device components. By providing a steady and regulated power output, the power supply unit 116 ensures that the optical interrogator 106, the processor 102, and other components of the device 100 operate efficiently. The power supply unit 116 may be equipped with protection features like overload protection and short-circuit prevention, safeguarding the device 100 against electrical faults. In cases of portable or remote use, the device 100 may incorporate a battery-powered supply to ensure uninterrupted data collection. The reliability of the power supply unit 116 is critical for maintaining the accuracy of the sensor readings and data processing. Without a stable power source, the overall performance and effectiveness of the device 100 could be compromised.
[0048] In an embodiment, the device 100 includes the processor 102 that is the core of the device 100, responsible for analysing and interpreting the data collected from the plurality of FBG sensors 104. Once the optical interrogator 106 converts the wavelength shift data into digital signals, the processor 102 applies calibration factors to translate them into precise pressure values. The processor 102 uses advanced algorithms to filter out noise, ensuring accurate and reliable results. Further, the processor 102 enables visualization of the foot pressure distribution in real-time using graphical representations, allowing healthcare professionals to monitor and assess foot health effectively. An integrated AI-based model within the processor 102 further analyses the data to classify foot types and detect abnormalities. This comprehensive data analysis helps in early diagnosis and the formulation of personalized treatment plans. The processor 102 also facilitates data storage and remote access, enhancing the utility of the device 100 in both clinical and home-based settings.
[0049] In an embodiment, the device 100 monitors plantar pressure patterns by capturing real-time data from sensors embedded in a platform. The plurality of FBG sensors 104 detects pressure variations under different areas of the foot, providing accurate insights into pressure distribution. This data is essential for diagnosing and managing conditions like diabetic foot ulcers, plantar fasciitis, and post-surgical rehabilitation. By analysing the pressure patterns, the device 100 helps healthcare professionals detect abnormal pressure points, preventing complications and guiding treatment. Further, the real-time monitoring and AI-based analysis by the device 100 support personalized therapy plans and track patient progress effectively.
[0050] In an embodiment, the plurality of FBG sensors 104 is affixed to the wooden platform 202. Five FBG sensors 104 are positioned beneath the right foot, while an additional five sensors are situated beneath the left foot. The silicone gel sole 204 is positioned on the plurality of FBG sensors 104 to ensure that the person does not make direct contact with the plurality of FBG sensors 104 while standing on the platform 202. The plurality of FBG sensors 104 is multiplexed by Wavelength-Division Multiplexing (WDM), allowing simultaneous pressure measurements at multiple locations on the foot, and linked to the optical interrogator 106 via the fibre patch cord 206. The optical interrogator 106 is linked to the power supply unit 116 via a power connection. The optical interrogator 106 is linked to a computing device to observe the wavelength change that occurs when the person stands on the platform 204.
[0051] In an embodiment, the device 100 has been developed for physiotherapy applications, providing a non-invasive, precise, and real-time approach to monitoring foot pressure distribution. The device 100 uses the plurality of FBG sensors 104 integrated into the wooden platform 202 to assess pressure fluctuations at various locations on the foot. The plurality of FBG sensors 104 operates by reflecting particular wavelengths of light that vary with strain, ensuring exceptional sensitivity and precision. The device 100 monitors pressure patterns while standing, providing vital data for the diagnosis and management of illnesses such as diabetic foot ulcers, plantar fasciitis, and post-surgical rehabilitation. The device 100 is lightweight, robust, and user-friendly, rendering it appropriate for both clinical and home physiotherapy applications. Real-time data facilitates personalised treatment regimens, enhancing patient outcomes through early intervention and the optimisation of rehabilitation methods. The device 100 may be integrated with sophisticated data analytics tools to augment therapy efficacy and provide continuous monitoring.
[0052] The device 100 is unique as optical sensor technology is used which overcomes the limits of electrical sensors in the field of medical science. The Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG)-based optical pressure sensors 104 are configured to operate in the C-band wavelength range of 1528 nm to 1568 nm. The device 100 shows good sensitivity, possess no electromagnetic interference, have distributed sensing capability and quick response. An AI model is developed to classify the foot type along with graphical illustration of foot pressure distribution.
[0053] FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary representation of an FBG calibration experimental setup of the proposed device for measurement of plantar pressure of a user, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0054] Illustrated in Fig. 3 is a representation 300 of an FBG calibration experimental setup of the device 100. The representation 300 depicts the calibration of the plurality of FBG sensors 104 in relation to load.
[0055] In an embodiment, calibration is a crucial process to ensure the accurate measurement of plantar pressure using the plurality of FBG sensors 104 by using weights 302. Calibration involves determining a calibration factor that converts the shift in wavelength response from the plurality of FBG sensors 104 into a corresponding load in kilograms. During calibration, known loads are systematically applied to a single FBG sensor 104 placed on a stable surface. The sensor 104 is connected to the optical interrogator 106 using the fibre patch cord 204, which facilitates the transmission of light signals. As pressure is applied, the sensor 104 experiences strain, causing a shift in the reflected wavelength of light. The optical interrogator 106 detects this wavelength shift and sends the data to the processor 102 for real-time monitoring.
[0056] In an embodiment, the relationship between the applied load and the wavelength shift is carefully recorded to establish a correlation. This correlation is used to derive the calibration factor, which represents how much wavelength shift corresponds to a specific load. Multiple loads are applied in a stepwise manner, typically ranging from low to high values, to capture a comprehensive set of data points. The calibration process also ensures the accuracy of the device 100 by identifying any non-linear behaviour or anomalies in the sensor response.
[0057] Once sufficient data is collected, a linear or polynomial regression is applied to derive a calibration curve. The calibration curve provides a mathematical model to convert future wavelength shift readings into precise load measurements. Calibration may be repeated periodically to account for sensor aging or environmental changes. Calibration also ensures that the device 100 maintains reliable and consistent performance during prolonged use. The accuracy of the calibration factor directly influences the quality of pressure measurements, making calibration an essential step in the practical implementation of the device. By applying this calibrated factor, the device 100 can accurately assess foot pressure distribution in both clinical and home settings.
[0058] FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary representation of an FBG sensor of the proposed device for measurement of plantar pressure of a user, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0059] Illustrated in Fig. 4 is a representation 400 of an FBG sensor 104 of the device 100.
[0060] In an embodiment, the single FBG sensor 104 is a specialized optical fibre sensor that contains periodic variations in its refractive index, known as gratings 402. The gratings 402 are typically inscribed within the fibre core using ultraviolet light, creating a reflective structure that selectively reflects a specific wavelength of light while transmitting others. When external pressure or strain is applied to the fibre, the physical deformation causes a shift in the reflected wavelength, known as the Bragg wavelength. This shift is directly proportional to the applied strain or pressure, making the plurality of FBG sensors 104 highly effective for precise measurements. The optical fibre acts as both the transmission medium and the sensing element, eliminating the need for additional external sensors. Due to their small size and flexibility, the plurality of FBG sensors 104 may be embedded into various materials and applications, including the device 100. Unlike electrical sensors, the plurality of FBG sensors 104 is immune to electromagnetic interference, ensuring reliable and accurate data even in complex environments.
[0061] In an embodiment, the plurality of FBG sensors 104 supports multiplexing, allowing multiple sensors to be placed along a single fibre and monitored simultaneously. The high sensitivity, durability, and ability to provide real-time data make the plurality of FBG sensors 104 particularly suitable for medical and biomechanical applications. In the device 100, the plurality of FBG sensors 104 is crucial for capturing accurate foot pressure distribution data for diagnosis and treatment planning.
[0062] FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary representation of a prototype of the proposed device for measurement of plantar pressure of a user, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0063] Illustrated in Fig. 5 is a representation 500 of the device 100.
[0064] In an embodiment, the plurality of FBG sensors 104 is carefully positioned onto the wooden platform 202, providing a stable and durable base for accurate pressure measurement. The plurality of FBG sensors 104 is strategically placed to cover key areas beneath the foot, ensuring comprehensive plantar pressure analysis. The silicone gel insole 204 is placed over the plurality of FBG sensors 104 to provide cushioning and ensure even pressure distribution while preventing direct contact with the plurality of FBG sensors 104 is. This also enhances user comfort and protects the sensors from physical damage.
[0065] In an embodiment, the plurality of FBG sensors 104 is multiplexed, meaning multiple sensors are embedded along a single optical fibre, allowing simultaneous data acquisition from different pressure points. The fibre optic connections are routed to the optical interrogator 106 using the fibre patch cord 204, which efficiently transmits the light signals with minimal loss. The optical interrogator 106 detects the reflected light from each of the plurality of FBG sensors 104 and measures the shifts in the Bragg wavelength caused by the applied pressure. The optical interrogator 106 then converts these optical signals into digital data that represents the magnitude of the pressure.
[0066] In an embodiment, the power supply unit 116 provides a consistent and stable source of electrical energy to the optical interrogator 106, ensuring uninterrupted data processing. The optical interrogator 106is further connected to the processor 102, where specialized algorithms capture, process, and visualize the data in real time. The processor 102 applies the calibration factor to convert the wavelength shifts into accurate pressure values displayed as graphical pressure maps. The real-time monitoring allows healthcare professionals to assess foot pressure distribution for diagnosing foot abnormalities or monitoring rehabilitation progress. Further, the processor 102 is configured to store the data for long-term analysis and comparison. The device 100 ensures accurate diagnostics and supports personalized treatment plans in both clinical and home environments.
[0067] FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary flowchart representation of the proposed method for measurement of plantar pressure of a user, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0068] Illustrated in Fig. 6 is a representation 600 of the proposed method of measurement of plantar pressure of the user by the device 100. The method 600 begins with receiving 602, by the processor 102, wavelength shift data from the optical interrogator 106 connected to the plurality of FBG sensors 104. The method 600 proceeds with converting 604, by the processor 102, the wavelength shift data into corresponding pressure values by using a calibration factor. The method 600 proceeds further with generating 606, by the processor 102, the graphical pressure map by interpolating the pressure values across a foot sole, representing areas of high and low pressure. The method 600 proceeds further with analysing 608, by the processor 102, the graphical pressure map by applying AI techniques. The method 600 ends with classifying 610, by the processor 102, the foot type of the user based on the analysed graphical pressure map.
[0069] In an embodiment, the method 600 of operation of the device 100 begins with the processor 102 receiving the wavelength shift data from the optical interrogator 106, which is connected to the plurality of FBG sensors 104 embedded in the platform 202. The plurality of FBG sensors 104 detect pressure variations caused by the user standing or walking on the silicone gel sole positioned above them. The plurality of FBG sensors 104 produce wavelength shifts that are transmitted through the fibre patch cord to the optical interrogator 106, which then converts the optical signals into digital data.
[0070] In an embodiment, the processor 102 subsequently uses a pre-determined calibration factor to convert the wavelength shift data into accurate pressure values, ensuring that the measurements are expressed in units like kilograms or Pascals. Once the pressure values are obtained, the processor 102 applies interpolation techniques to generate a graphical pressure map representing the pressure distribution of the foot. The map visually highlights areas of high and low pressure across the foot sole, offering a detailed representation of the foot mechanics of the user. The graphical representation is continuously updated to reflect real-time changes, enabling healthcare professionals to monitor pressure dynamics effectively.
[0071] In an embodiment, the processor 102 further analyses the map by applying an artificial intelligence (AI) model trained to recognize distinct pressure patterns associated with different foot types. The AI model classifies the foot type of the user into categories such as normal, flatfoot, or high-arched, providing valuable insights for diagnosis and treatment planning. Further, the processor 102 can detect any abnormalities or irregular pressure patterns, assisting in the early identification of foot-related conditions. The analysed data is displayed on the user interface 112, allowing for easy interpretation by clinicians or researchers.
[0072] In an embodiment, the processor 102 is configured to generate alerts if the detected pressure values exceed normal thresholds, supporting early intervention and personalized treatment adjustments.
[0073] In an embodiment, the comprehensive and automated process ensures that accurate, real-time foot pressure analysis is available for clinical diagnosis, rehabilitation monitoring, or customized footwear recommendations. The combination of precise pressure measurement, real-time visualization, and AI-based classification makes the device 100 a reliable solution for foot health assessment.
[0074] In an embodiment, the Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG)-based optical pressure sensors 104 are configured to operate in the C-band wavelength range of 1528 nm to 1568 nm. The smart scan interrogator operates in the 1528 nm to 1568 nm.
[0075] A use case of the device 100 is described herein for management of diabetic foot ulcers. Diabetic patients often suffer from peripheral neuropathy, which reduces their ability to sense pressure or pain in their feet, increasing the risk of ulcers. By using the device 100, a patient can stand on the platform with the plurality of FBG sensors 104, and the device 100 will capture real-time foot pressure distribution data. The silicone gel insole 204 ensures even pressure distribution and user comfort during the measurement process. The optical interrogator 106 converts the wavelength shift data into pressure values, and the processor 102 generates a graphical pressure map displaying areas of high and low pressure. The device 100 then analyses the map to detect abnormal pressure patterns, particularly identifying regions with excessive pressure that could lead to ulcer formation. Healthcare professionals can use this information to recommend personalized interventions, such as custom orthotics or therapeutic footwear, to offload pressure from vulnerable areas. Continuous monitoring using the device 100 allows clinicians to track the effectiveness of treatments over time and adjust plans accordingly. Furthermore, the data may be stored for long-term analysis to identify trends and predict potential complications. This proactive approach enhances patient care, reduces the risk of severe foot injuries, and improves the overall quality of life for diabetic patients.
[0076] While the foregoing describes various embodiments of the invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof. The scope of the invention is determined by the claims that follow. The invention is not limited to the described embodiments, versions, or examples, which are comprised to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make and use the invention when combined with information and knowledge available to the person having ordinary skill in the art.

ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION
[0077] The device 100 offers exceptional accuracy in measuring foot pressure using FBG sensors, which provide precise wavelength shift data even for minor pressure variations.
[0078] Unlike electrical sensors, FBG sensors are immune to electromagnetic interference, making the device 100 reliable for use in medical environments with various electronic equipment.
[0079] The silicone gel insole ensures user comfort by providing cushioning and even pressure distribution, making the device 100 suitable for continuous use without causing discomfort.
[0080] The device 100 provides real-time graphical representations of foot pressure distribution, allowing clinicians to monitor changes instantly and make timely treatment decisions.
[0081] Integrated AI algorithms analyse the pressure data to classify foot types and detect abnormalities, facilitating early diagnosis and personalized treatment planning.
[0082] The compact nature of the device 100 allows for easy transportation and setup, making it ideal for both clinical settings and home-based physiotherapy applications.
, Claims:1. A device (100) for measurement of plantar pressure, the device (100) comprising:
a platform (202) embedded with a plurality of FBG sensors (104);
a silicone gel insole (204) positioned above the plurality of FBG sensors (104) for even pressure distribution;
a fibre patch cord (204) connecting the plurality of FBG sensors (104) to an optical interrogator (106); and
a processor (102), operatively coupled with the plurality of FBG sensors (104) and the optical interrogator (106), the processor (102) being configured to:
receive wavelength shift data from the optical interrogator (106) connected to the plurality of FBG sensors (106);
convert the wavelength shift data into corresponding pressure values by using a calibration factor;
generate a graphical pressure map by interpolating the pressure values across a foot sole, representing areas of high and low pressure;
analyse the graphical pressure map by applying AI techniques; and
classify a foot type of a user based on the analysed graphical pressure map.

2. The device (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of FBG sensors (104) is multiplexed using Wavelength-Division Multiplexing (WDM), allowing simultaneous pressure measurements at multiple locations on the foot.

3. The device (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the processor (102) is configured to monitor plantar pressure patterns and provide vital data for diagnosis and management of diabetic foot ulcer, plantar fasciitis, and post-surgical rehabilitation.

4. The device (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein each FBG sensor of the plurality of FBG sensors (104) is configured to detect pressure changes by measuring shifts in reflected wavelengths within a C-band range of 1528 nm to 1568 nm.

5. The device (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the processor (102) is configured to apply an AI-based classification model trained to analyse foot pressure patterns and categorize foot types into normal, flatfoot, or high-arched structures.

6. The device (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the processor (102) is configured to generate alerts if the detected pressure values exceed normal thresholds, supporting early intervention and personalized treatment adjustments.

7. The device (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein number and placement of the plurality of FBG sensors (104) can be customized based on specific requirements of the user, ensuring tailored monitoring and treatment.

8. A method (600) of measurement of plantar pressure, the method (600) comprising steps of:
receiving (602), by a processor (102), wavelength shift data from the optical interrogator (106) connected to the plurality of FBG sensors (106);
converting (604), by the processor (102), the wavelength shift data into corresponding pressure values by using a calibration factor;
generating (606), by the processor (102), a graphical pressure map by interpolating the pressure values across a foot sole, representing areas of high and low pressure;
analysing (608), by the processor (102), the graphical pressure map by applying AI techniques; and
classifying (610), by the processor (102), a foot type of a user based on the analysed graphical pressure map.