Description:FORM-2
THE PATENTS ACT, 1970
(39of 1970)
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(See section 10 and rule 13)
1. TITLE OF THE INVENTION
Biogel formulation and its process of preparation
2. APPLICANT:
1.
NAME
Dr. Kiran
2.
NATIONALITY
INDIAN
3.
ADDRESS
Assistant Professor cum Scientist, Department of Botany, Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Basic Science and Humanities, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar -848125
3. PREAMBLE TO THE DESCRITION
COMPLETE
The following specification particularly describes the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical technology field. In a preferred aspect the biogel is a tissue adhesive. Specifically, the disclosure provide snovel biogel formulation utilizing the blue flower extract of Clitoria ternatea (commonly known as butterfly pea, Shankhpushpi, Aparajita etc.). More particularly, the biogel is formulated for skin care and therapeutic applications. The biogel formulation provides anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, and moisturizing benefits while being biocompatible and eco-friendly. The formulation is suitable for use in cosmetic, dermatological, and wound-healing products.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION:
Biogels, versatile biomaterials made from natural or synthetic polymers, have gained significant attention in medical and biotechnological applications due to their multifunctional properties. Among these, their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial effects make them particularly valuable in healthcare and therapeutics.
Biogels can incorporate natural antioxidants, such as polyphenols, vitamins, and enzymes, or be chemically modified to exhibit antioxidant activity. These properties are essential for scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are responsible for oxidative stress and associated cellular damage. Oxidative stress is implicated in various chronic conditions, including cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and skin aging. Biogels loaded with antioxidants can protect tissues, enhance wound healing, and reduce oxidative damage, making them useful in applications like wound dressings, drug delivery systems, and cosmetic formulations.
Inflammation is a natural defense mechanism, but chronic inflammation contributes to various diseases. Biogels with anti-inflammatory agents—such as curcumin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), or bioactive peptides—help modulate the inflammatory response. By releasing these agents in a controlled manner, biogels can reduce inflammatory cytokines, promote tissue repair, and alleviate pain. These properties are particularly beneficial
in the treatment of arthritis, skin irritations, and postoperative recovery. For example, biogels used in wound management can create a moist environment that soothes inflammation and accelerates healing. The antimicrobial activity of biogels is another critical feature, especially in preventing infections in wound care, surgical implants, and drug delivery systems. Biogels can incorporate antimicrobial agents such as silver nanoparticles, essential oils, chitosan, or antibiotics. These agents either kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria, fungi, and other pathogens. Additionally, biogels made from inherently antimicrobial materials like chitosan exhibit sustained antimicrobial effects without relying on external additives. This property is particularly crucial in combating antibiotic-resistant microbes and maintaining sterility in medical applications.
Plant-based biogels are biomaterials derived from natural plant polymers such as cellulose, alginate, pectin, carrageenan, and starch. These biogels are gaining traction due to their sustainability, biocompatibility, and versatile applications, particularly in healthcare and biotechnology. Their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties further enhance their value.
Key Components of Plant-Based Biogels
Cellulose: Derived from plant cell walls, cellulose is often modified into derivatives like carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) or hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) to form hydrogels.
Alginate: Extracted from brown seaweed, alginate gels in the presence of divalent cations (e.g., calcium), making it useful for drug delivery and wound dressings.
Pectin: Found in fruits like apples and citrus, pectin forms gels under acidic conditions or in the presence of calcium ions.
Carrageenan: Obtained from red seaweed, carrageenan forms thermo-reversible gels used in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical applications.
Starch: A polysaccharide from plants like corn, potato, or cassava, starch-based hydrogels are biodegradable and inexpensive.
Clitoriaternatea is well-known for its vivid blue flowers, which are rich in bioactive compounds. Traditionally used in Ayurvedic medicine, these flowers are valued for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. Despite the extensive traditional
use, there is limited commercialization of Clitoria ternatea extracts in modern skincare products, particularly in biogel formulations.
WO2015002574A1 discloses a method of obtaining a biogel, which is a water-peat gel with particle sizes of dispersed peat no more than 40-60 nm, which consists in the fact that: - load peat of a predetermined moisture content in a mixture with a predetermined volume of water into a dispersion chamber; - sealing said dispersion chamber; - a predetermined static pressure is fed into the sealed dispersion chamber;
-process the contents of the said dispersion chamber by ultrasonic vibrations with a sound density of at least 50 W / cm, providing for a predetermined time the sound pressure on said peat-water mixture exceeding the said static pressure by a predetermined value.
CN105778126Adiscloses genipin cross-linked biogel as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The genipin cross-linked biogel comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0.05wt%-0.2wt% of genipin, 1wt%-10wt% of matrix and the balance of water. By carrying out crosslinking by virtue of optimized genipin concentration, the obtained biogel has the properties of low toxicity, good water-absorbing property and mechanical property and the like. The biogel can be directly used for protecting and isolating the surfaces of various wounds, bedsores and ulcers, can be used as a dressing carrier to load antibacterial drugs, paregorics, growth factors and the like, and can be applied to the treatment of wound infection, wound analgesia or promotion of wound healing and the like. According to the genipin cross-linked biogel, the matrix, a crosslinking agent and the components are all derived from natural organisms, so that the biogel is safe and non-toxic and can be widely applied to the treatment and repair of clinical acute and chronic wounds.
Wee Sim Choo, 2022aimed to determine an efficient column chromatography method to obtain the anthocyanin-rich fraction from this flower and characterise its composition, antioxidant, antibacterial, and cytotoxic activities. Amberlite XAD-16 column chromatography was more efficient in enriching the total anthocyanin content (TAC) of the fraction with the highest TAC to total phenolic content (TPC) ratio of 1:6 than that using C18-OPN. A total of 11 ternatin anthocyanins were characterised in the anthocyanin-rich fraction
by LC–MS analysis. The antioxidant activity of the anthocyanin-rich fraction was more potent in the chemical-based assay with an IC50 value of 0.86 ± 0.07 mg/mL using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay than cellular antioxidant assay using RAW 264.7 macrophages. In vitro cytotoxicity assay using human embryonic kidney HEK-293 cell line showed the anthocyanin-rich fraction to be more toxic than the crude extracts. The anthocyanin-rich fraction had more potent antibacterial activity than the crude extracts against Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli. The anthocyanin-rich fraction of C. ternatea has the potential to be used and developed as a functional food ingredient or nutraceutical agent.
The development of a biogel utilizing Clitoria ternatea (butterfly pea) extract addresses a significant need for innovative, plant-based skincare and therapeutic solutions. Rich in anthocyanins, flavonoids, and antioxidants, the extract offers exceptional anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties, making it ideal for combating oxidative stress, reducing inflammation, and preventing infections. Despite its traditional medicinal use, the commercial integration of C. ternatea in advanced formulations, like biogels, remains underexplored. This biocompatible and eco-friendly biogel formulation leverages the flower's phytochemical profile to provide anti-aging, moisturizing, and healing benefits, positioning it as a multifunctional product for cosmetics, dermatology, and wound care. By addressing the growing demand for sustainable, natural alternatives in healthcare and personal care, the C. ternatea-based biogel represents a transformative step toward bridging traditional knowledge with modern pharmaceutical technology, offering safe and effective solutions for skin health and therapeutic applications.
OBJECTIVES OF THE INVENTION:
The present invention has been developed in response to the present state of the art, and in particular, in response to the problems and needs in the art that have not yet been fully solved by currently available techniques and processes.
Accordingly, the present invention has been developed to provide a novel biogel formulation utilizing the blue flower extract of Clitoria ternatea (commonly known as butterfly pea,
Shankhpushpi, Aparajita etc.).
Therefore, the current invention successfully overcoming all of the above-discussed shortcomings present in the art.
1. It is an object of the invention to develop a novel and blue colored Biogel with natural herbs i.e. Clitoria ternatea which have rich in bioactive compounds such as good antioxidant potential.
2. It is an object of the invention to make use of the natural, non-toxic, cost-effective biogel and apply easy processing techniques to formulate the same.
3. It is an object of the invention to evaluate the anti-bacterial and anti-microbial constituents and its use in pharmaceuticals industries as herbal medicine.
4. It is an object of the invention to demonstrate the skin Sensitivity Test of Biogel.
How the foregoing objects are achieved will be clear from the following brief description. In this context, it is clarified that the description provided is non-limiting and is only by way of explanation. Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent as the foregoing description proceeds, taken together with the accompanying drawings and the appended claims.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The qualitative and quantitative properties of various plant parts like root, leave, flower and seed of Clitoria ternatea were analyzed. From the findings of research it was observed that flower has more content of secondary metabolites (flavonoids, phenols, tannins, anthocyanin etc.), antioxidants activities (DPPH, ABTs, Super Oxide anions and FRAP) and antioxidant enzymes (peroxidase, SOD, PPO and Guaiacol peroxidase). Therefore, this attributed to choose flowers for biogel preparation rather choosing the other parts of the plant or taking whole plant for this purpose. Also, the genotype of blue flower of CT plant is easily available in tropical region, therefore, blue flower was taken for biogel preparation in the research study. However, process to make biogel from the flower extract by exact formulation and use of biogel as a medicinal product is still lacking in the previous research study since 20 years
data, therefore, the same has been taken for research and development using new process for the formulation which may be commercialized.
The invention formulated a biogel with an ideal consistency, ideal PH, Viscosity, clarity with attractive transparent blue color and assessed it according to several criteria in order to investigate the possible applications of floral extract in a gel basis for therapeutic, pharmacological, and cosmetic purposes. Thus the objective of present study was to formulate biogel from blue flowers of Clitoria ternatea with good consistency, viscosity, PH, transparency, and tested it by different physical parameters at different temperature up to three months regular with relative humanity. Besides this investigation, biogel was also tested by skin sensitivity test (upto seven days in twice a day regular), toxicity test (certified lab by ICP-MS) and antimicrobial property.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES
These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present invention will become better understood when the following detailed description is read with reference to the accompanying figures in which like characters represent like parts throughout the figures, wherein:
Figure 1, illustrates a view of Effect of Inhibition of Biogel on S. aureus at different concentration for the present invention.
Figure 2, illustrates a view of Effect of Inhibition of Biogel on E. coli at different concentration for the present invention.
Figure 3, illustrates a view of Effect of Inhibition of Biogel on B. cereus at different concentration for the present invention.
Figure 4, illustrates a view of Effect of Inhibition of Biogel on C. albicans at different concentration for the present invention.
Further, skilled artisans will appreciate that elements in the figures are illustrated for simplicity and may not have been necessarily been drawn to scale. For example, the flowcharts illustrate the method in terms of the most prominent steps involved to help to improve understanding of aspects of the present invention. Furthermore, in terms of the
construction of the device, one or more components of the device may have been represented in the figures by conventional symbols, and the figures may show only those specific details that are pertinent to understanding the embodiments of the present invention so as not to obscure the figures with details that will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art having benefit of the description herein.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION:
Source of biological material-
The Clitoriaternatea flower was obtained from nursery of Central works Public Department , Mehrauli, New Delhi, India
Example 1
Extraction:
The Clitoria ternatea flower is obtained from nursery of Central works Public Department , Mehrauli, New Delhi. The petals of the blue flower are dried naturally in shade at room temperature (37°C). Once dried, 200 mg of the dried petals are homogenized with 100 ml of 95% ethanol in an Erlenmeyer flask. The mixture is kept using an automatic shaker at room temperature (37°C) for 15 minutes at 250 rpm. Afterward, the crude mixture is centrifuged at 5000 rpm for 10 minutes. Collect the supernatant in the beaker and cover it with aluminum foil. To concentrate the extract, reduced pressure is applied using a rotary vacuum evaporator. The resulting product is a crude extract weighing dry matter of flower extract. This dry extract is stored at 20°C for further observation.
Table-1
Ingredients of Biogel:
Ingredients
Quantity
Clitoria ternatea Extract
30 ml
Carbopol 940
1.0 gm
Triethanolamine
2.0 ml
Citric acid
0.1 gm
Disodium EDTA
0.01 gm
Methylparaben
0.1gm
(Permissible limit)
Propylparaben,
0.1gm
(Permissible limit)
Propylene glycol
15.0 gm
Glycerine
1.0 gm
Distilled water
600 ml
Example 2
Method of preparation of Biogel:
A gel base is mixed by adding 1.0 g of Carbopol 940 to 40 mL of distilled water. The mixture is left to stand for one hour. After that, 2 mL of triethanolamine and 200 mg dry blue flower power of Clitoria ternatea are mixed with 30 ml of distilled water.
Thereafter, 30 mL of flower extract, 0.1 g of citric acid, 0.01 g of disodium EDTA, 0.1 g of concentrated methylparaben, 0.1 g of Propylparaben, and 15 g of propylene glycol are mixed and cooled. Then 1g of glycerin is added and mixed thoroughly.
The volume is brought to 100 mL by adding distilled water. It is ensured that Carbopol 940 is properly mixed with the mixture by continuously stirring, and triethanolamineis added gradually to adjust the pH of the formulation to the desired range of 6.8 to 7 and achieve the desired consistency of the biogel.
Characteristics of the Biogel:
(a) Appearance is found smooth, non-greasy gel with a deep blue hue.
(b) pH value: Neutral to slightly acidic, suitable for skin application having pH 6.8 to 7
(c) Spreadability Test: The spreadability of the gel is determined using an apparatus consisting of a wooden block attached to a pulley at one end. This method measured spreadability based on the slip and drag characteristics of the gels. Approximately 0.5 g of the gel under study is placed on a ground slide. The gel is then sandwiched between this slide and another glass slide, which had the same dimensions as the fixed ground slide and was equipped with a hook. A 1kg weight is placed on top of the two slides for 5 minutes to remove air and ensure a uniform film of gel between the slides. The excess gel is removed from the edges. The top slide is then pulled with a force of 80 grams using a string attached to the hook. The time (in seconds) taken by the top slide to cover a distance of 7.5 cm is recorded. Spreadability is calculated using the following formula:
S = W × L / T
Where,
S = Spreadability,
W = Weight in the pan (tied to the upper slide)
L = Length Stretch by a glass slide
T = Time (sec.) interval of separation of the two slides.
The spreadability and viscosity of biogel are observed good with range (18.2 and 25.4 gm.cm/sec against control) and (2100 and 2200 cps(centipoise) against the control) respectively (Table 2, 3 and 4).
.
(d) Skin Sensitivity Test of Biogel:
40 persons are selected as volunteers. Informed Consent is obtained from volunteers with personal details (name, gender, age, education, address, Aadhar number, contact
number and signature). (Table 5 and 6) and Personal details are collected, but confidentiality is likely maintained .Volunteers are fully informed about the test and provided consent form. Consent criteria is also mentioned on consent forms. It is ensured that they have no reported prior skin diseases. (Table 7)
The consented people were of the following age group:
Table 5
Age Group(Years)
18-30
31-40
41-50
51-60
Grand Total
Male
9
6
3
3
21
Female
11
5
2
1
19
Total
20
11
5
4
40
Also, the volunteers have the following Qualifications:
Table 6
Educational qualification* of Volunteers
10th Pass
12th Pass
Graduation
Post-graduation
Total
Male
1
4
13
3
21
Female
0
5
12
2
19
1
9
25
5
40
*They were from Science/Commerce and Arts background.
Result of Skin Sensitivity Test: Test Duration: 7 days, twice a day
Table 7
Treatment
1st day
2nd day
3rd day
4th day
5 day
6th day
7th day
Control
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
F1 (0.1%)
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
F2 (0.2%)
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Where:
F1=1stconcentration(100 mg dried extract),
F2=2ndconcentration(200 mg dried extract) of C.ternatea
N – No reaction and non irritant, A – Slightly patchy erythema, B – moderate erythema,
C-Severe erythema
Observations: No adverse reactions were observed. Rather, skin were found smooth and glowing.
(e) Microbial Activity Test:
The antibacterial and antifungal activities are performed by zone of inhibition at three different biogel concentration i.e. 10%, 20% and 30% w/v. For antibacterial activity, the most common micro-organism for skin infection i.e. Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus are selected. Also, for antifungal activity, the most common fungus for skin infection is selected as Candida albicans (Table 8, Fig 1, 2, 3, 4).
The result is found very positive and biogel was found sensitive towards the microorganism.
Observation of Antimicrobial activity of Biogel:
Table 8
S.
No
Category
Microorganisms
Biogel -Sample Concentration (%) (Diameter mm)
Positive control
DSMO
10%
20%
30%
1
Antibacterial activity
Staphloccocusaureus
9.0
11.1
13.2
16.0
2
Escherichia coli
7.8
12.0
14.5
16.5
3
Bacillus cereus
7.1
11.3
13.1
15.1
4
Antifungal
Activity
Candida albicans
7.5
11.5
13.3
14.8
(f) Toxicity test of Clitoriaternatea’sBiogel:
The biogelis analyzed through ICP-MS instrument for the detection of heavy metals. The result is observed that negligible presence of Arsenic (As) and Lead (Pb) in the biogel i.e. 0.01 mg/kg for each. It indicated that biogelis free from heavy toxic metals and could be used as medicated gel. As per World Health Organisation (WHO), the maximum permissible limit is fixed 0.01 mg/kg for Arsenic and 0.05 mg/kg for lead for the cosmetics. The formulated biogel of C. ternatea is found within the permissible limit of As and Pb. Hence, it is safe for use.
Claims:
Claim 1. A biogel formulation having anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and moisturizing properties, making it suitable for use in skin care and therapeutic products comprising
Clitoriaternatea Extract -30 ml
Carbopol 940- 1.0 gm
Triethanolamine- 2.0 ml
Citric acid- 01. gm
Disodium EDTA-0.01 gm
Methylparaben-0.1gm
Propylparaben-0.1 gm
Propylene glycol- 15 gm
Glycerine-1.0 gm
Distilled water-60 ml
Claim 2. The biogel formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the formulation is stabilized with a citric acid buffer to maintain the pH and prevent degradation of the active compounds.
Claim 3. The biogel formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein said biogel has negligible presence of Arsenic(As) and Lead (Pb) i.e. 0.01 mg/kg for each as analyzed through ICP-MS instrument.
Claim 4. The biogel formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein spreadability and viscosity of biogel are observed with range (18.2 and 25.4 gm.cm/sec against control) and (2100 and 2200 cps(centipoise) against the control) respectively
Claim 5. The biogel formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein said biogel shows antimicrobial activity against Staphloccocus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Candida albicans.
Claim 6. A process of preparation of biogel formulation claimed in claim1, comprising the steps of
(i) Preparation of Carbopol Gel Base:
a. Weigh 1.0 g of Carbopol 940.
b. Gradually add Carbopol 940 to 40 mL of distilled water while stirring.
c. Let the mixture stand for 1 hour to allow complete hydration of the Carbopol.
(ii) Preparation of Flower Extract Mixture:
a. Weigh 200 mg of dry blue flower powder of Clitoria ternatea.
b. Mix the flower powder with 30 mL of distilled water.
c. Add 2 mL of triethanolamine to the mixture and stir thoroughly.
(iii) Preparation of Additive Solution:
a. Combine the following ingredients:
30 mL of flower extract.
0.1 g of citric acid.
0.01 g of disodium EDTA.
0.1 g of concentrated methylparaben.
0.1 g of propylparaben.
15 g of propylene glycol.
b. Mix the solution thoroughly and allow it to cool.
(iv) Incorporation of Glycerin:
a. Add 1 g of glycerin to the cooled additive solution.
b. Mix thoroughly to ensure homogeneity.
(v) Combining All Components:
a. Gradually add the flower extract mixture (from Step ii) to the Carbopol gel base (from Step 1).
b. Add the cooled additive solution (from Step iii) to the combined mixture.
(vi) Final Adjustment:
a. Gradually add distilled water to bring the total volume to 100 mL while stirring continuously.
b. Ensure the Carbopol 940 is fully incorporated into the mixture.
c. Gradually add triethanolamine to adjust the pH to the desired range of 6.8 to 7.
d. Continue stirring until the desired consistency of the biogel is achieved.
Date: 01-02-2025
(Dr. KIRAN)
Applicant
Assistant professor cum Scientist
Department of Botany, Plant Physiology and and Biochemistry,
College of Basic Science and Humanities,
Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar-848125
Email: kirandivij@gmail.com
Mob: +91-8178157023
Abstarct
Biogel formulation and its process of preparation
The present invention relates to a novel biogel formulation is developed with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and moisturizing properties, suitable for skincare and therapeutic applications. The formulation comprises Clitoria ternatea extract (30 mL) as the primary active ingredient, combined with Carbopol 940 (1.0 g), triethanolamine (2.0 mL), citric acid (0.1 g), disodium EDTA (0.01 g), methylparaben (0.1 g), propylparaben (0.1 g), propylene glycol (15 g), glycerin (1.0 g), and distilled water (60 mL). Stabilized with a citric acid buffer,it maintains pH and prevents compound degradation. Heavy metals, such as arsenic and lead, are negligible at 0.01 mg/kg. The biogel demonstrates excellent spreadability (18.2–25.4 gm·cm/sec) and viscosity (2100–2200 cps) with potent antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, and Candida albicans. The preparation process includes forming a hydrogel base, incorporating the flower extract, and blending humectants and preservatives to achieve a stable, effective biogel. , Claims:Claim 1. A biogel formulation having anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and moisturizing properties, making it suitable for use in skin care and therapeutic products comprising
Clitoriaternatea Extract -30 ml
Carbopol 940- 1.0 gm
Triethanolamine- 2.0 ml
Citric acid- 01. gm
Disodium EDTA-0.01 gm
Methylparaben-0.1gm
Propylparaben-0.1 gm
Propylene glycol- 15 gm
Glycerine-1.0 gm
Distilled water-60 ml
Claim 2. The biogel formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the formulation is stabilized with a citric acid buffer to maintain the pH and prevent degradation of the active compounds.
Claim 3. The biogel formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein said biogel has negligible presence of Arsenic(As) and Lead (Pb) i.e. 0.01 mg/kg for each as analyzed through ICP-MS instrument.
Claim 4. The biogel formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein spreadability and viscosity of biogel are observed with range (18.2 and 25.4 gm.cm/sec against control) and (2100 and 2200 cps(centipoise) against the control) respectively
Claim 5. The biogel formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein said biogel shows antimicrobial activity against Staphloccocus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Candida albicans.
Claim 6. A process of preparation of biogel formulation claimed in claim1, comprising the steps of
(i) Preparation of Carbopol Gel Base:
a. Weigh 1.0 g of Carbopol 940.
b. Gradually add Carbopol 940 to 40 mL of distilled water while stirring.
c. Let the mixture stand for 1 hour to allow complete hydration of the Carbopol.
(ii) Preparation of Flower Extract Mixture:
a. Weigh 200 mg of dry blue flower powder of Clitoria ternatea.
b. Mix the flower powder with 30 mL of distilled water.
c. Add 2 mL of triethanolamine to the mixture and stir thoroughly.
(iii) Preparation of Additive Solution:
a. Combine the following ingredients:
30 mL of flower extract.
0.1 g of citric acid.
0.01 g of disodium EDTA.
0.1 g of concentrated methylparaben.
0.1 g of propylparaben.
15 g of propylene glycol.
b. Mix the solution thoroughly and allow it to cool.
(iv) Incorporation of Glycerin:
a. Add 1 g of glycerin to the cooled additive solution.
b. Mix thoroughly to ensure homogeneity.
(v) Combining All Components:
a. Gradually add the flower extract mixture (from Step ii) to the Carbopol gel base (from Step 1).
b. Add the cooled additive solution (from Step iii) to the combined mixture.
(vi) Final Adjustment:
a. Gradually add distilled water to bring the total volume to 100 mL while stirring continuously.
b. Ensure the Carbopol 940 is fully incorporated into the mixture.
c. Gradually add triethanolamine to adjust the pH to the desired range of 6.8 to 7.
d. Continue stirring until the desired consistency of the biogel is achieved.