PREAMBLE TO THE DESCRIPTION
The present invention relates to a system and method for detecting ovarian cancer using
bioimpedance analysis. More specifically, it introduces an advanced bioimpedance
measurement technique designed to differentiate between normal and cancerous ovarian tissues
based on their distinct electrical properties.
Ovarian cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women, largely due to its
asymptomatic early stages and the lack of effective screening tools. The disease is often
diagnosed at an advanced stage, where treatment options are limited, and survival rates are
significantly lower. Current diagnostic methods, including ultrasound imaging, CA-125
biomarker testing, and biopsy procedures, each have limitations. Ultrasound lacks specificity,
CA-125 is not always reliable, and biopsies are invasive and not suitable for routine screening.
Therefore, there is a strong dini~;al ueed for a non-invasive, cost-effective, and real-time
diagnostic approach that can detect ovarian cancer at an early stage and improve patient
outcomes.
This invention proposes a bioimpedance-based detection system that measures the electrical
properties of ovarian tissue using multi-frequency impedance analysis. The system is designed
with a customized electrode configuration and an optimized signal acquisition method, ensuring
higher measurement accuracy and reproducibility. The bioimpedance data collected can be
analyzed to distinguish between normal and cancerous tissues, making this method a potential
alternative or complementary tool for ovarian cancer screening.
The invention is particularly relevant for early detection, which is critical for improving survival
rates. It can be applied in clinical settings, point-of-care diagnostics, and wearable monitoring
devices, making ovarian cancer detection more accessible and efficient.
DESCRIPTION
The Bio-lmpedance-Based Ovarian Cancer Detection System is a non-invasive, real-time
diagnostic tool designed to assist in the early detection of ovarian cancer by analyzing the
electrical impedance of biological tissues. This system utilizes Ag/AgCI electrodes to apply a
controlled AC signal generated by a signal generator (AD9833/AD5933), allowing for
impedance measurement. The weak signal is amplified using an instrumentation amplifier
(INA128/INA333) and then converted into a digital format by an ADC (ADSIII5) for precise
data processing. A microcontroller manages these operations and displays the impedance values
on an LCD screen, providing instant diagnosticjnsight~.Additionally,~ LED alert _;;ystemis_.
incorporated to indicate abnormal impedance readings, ensuring early intervention.
This system is designed to be portable, cost-effective, and user-friendly, making it suitable for
both clinical and home-based applications. By providing a safe and efficient alternative to
conventional ovarian cancer screening methods, this project aims to improve early diagnosis,
reduce healthcare costs, and enhance accessibility to life-saving medical diagnostics.
Problem Description:
I. Most cases are detected at an advanced stage due to a lack of early screening tools.
2.Biopsies are invasive, expensive, and not feasible for routine screening.
3. Most current methods require waiting for lab results, delaying diagnosis.
4.MRI, PET scans, and biopsies are expensive and not widely available
The objectives of this invention are,
1) Design a bioimpedance-based system to detect ovarian cancer without the need for invasive
procedures like biopsies .
2) Develop a system capable of immediate analysis and results, reducing waiting time for
diagnosis.
3) Increase accessibility in remote and low-resource settings with a portable system.
4) Offer a low-cost diagnostic solution compared to imaging techniques like MRI, CT scans,
and blood biomarker tests.
5) Offer a cost-effective alternative to traditional imaging and biomarker-based tests.
SUMMARY
A bio impedance-based system for detecting ovarian cancer at an early stage. Improve
diagnostic accuracy and reduce the limitations of current screening methods. Bioimpedance
analysis measures how biological tissues conduct electrical signals at different frequencies.
Surface electrodes placed on the abdomen for external screening. Uses a wide range of
frequencies (I kHz- I MHz) to detect differences in extracellular and intracellular properties
of tissues. The system provides instant diagnostic results, unlike traditional methods that
require lab processing. Allows quick decision-making for doctors and reduces the anxiety of
waiting for results. Eliminates the need for repeated costly tests and reduces the financial
burden on ·healthcare systems. Bioimpedance provides a more reliable tissue differentiation
method, reducing unnecessary biopsies.
CONCLUSION
In this project, we developed a bio-impedance-based system for the detection of ovarian
cancer, integrating various biomedical and electronic components to achieve accurate
impedance measurements.
The system operates using a power supply that ensures stable energy distribution to all
components. A signal generator (AD9833/AD5933) produces a controlled AC signal, which
is applied through Ag/AgCI electrodes to measure the electrical impedance of biological
tissues. The instrumentation amplifier (INA 128/INA333) amplifies the weak bio-impedance
signal, ensuring minimal noise and high precision. The amplified signal is then converted into
a digital format using an ADC (ADS 1115), which allows further processing by the
microcontroller. The processed values are displayed on an LCD screen, providing real-time
impedance readings. Additionally, an alert system (LED) is integrated to indicate abnormal
impedance values, assisting in early ovarian cancer detection.
The system successfully outputs quantifiable impedance values, which can help in identifYing
abnormal tissue characteristics associated with ovarian cancer. This approach provides a noninvasive,
cost-effective, and efficient diagnostic tool, potentially aiding in early detection and
improving patient outcomes .
Advantages of creating this are as follows:
!.Non-Invasive Diagnosis- Eliminates the need for surgical or complex procedures, making
it a safer alternative for early detection.
2. Early Cancer Detection- Helps identify abnormal tissue characteristics at an early stage,
improving treatment outcomes.
3. Real-Time Monitoring- Provides immediate impedance values, allowing quick analysis and
decision-making.
4.Cost-Effective Solution - Reduces the need for expensive diagnostic tests, making it
accessible in low-resource settings.
5. High Precision and Sensitivity- Uses advanced signal processing to ensure accurate and
reliable measurements.
6. Portable and User-Friendly- Designed for easy use, making it suitable for both clinical and
home-based screenings.
7. Integration with Digital Systems- Can be linked with health care databases for automated
tracking and medical insights.
8. Minimal Training Required Simplifies the detection process, requiring only basic
knowledge to operate the device.
CLAIMS
I. The bio-impedance-based ovarian cancer detection system incorporates a signal generator
(AD9833/AD5933) to apply an AC signal, Ag/AgCI electrodes for impedance measurement,
and a microcontroller for processing, ensuring real-time and accurate diagnostic results.
2. It features an instrumentation amplifier (INA 128/INA333) that enhances the weak bioimpedance
signal, minimizing noise and improving signal clarity for precise analysis.
3. The system includes an ADC (ADSIII5) to convert the amplified analog signal into a
digital format, allowing efficient data processing and interpretation.
4. An LCD display is integrated to show re·alctirhe-impedance values, providing-immediate
insights for early ovarian cancer detection.
5. The inclusion of an LED Karl system notifies users of abnormal impedance values, enabling
timely medical intervention and improving early diagnosis rates.
6. The system is designed to be portable and cost-effective, making it accessible for both
clinical and home-based screenings.
7. Low power consumption ensures efficient and continuous operation, making the system
suitable for long-term diagnostic applications.
8. Overall, the system promotes early, non-invasive, and accurate detection of ovarian cancer
by leveraging bio-impedance technology, aiding in improved healthcare and patient outcomes.