Description:FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to energy storage systems, specifically nanomaterial-based supercapacitors designed for enhanced energy density and rapid charge–discharge performance. It falls within the domains of nanotechnology and electrochemical energy storage.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
References which are cited in the present disclosure are not necessarily prior art and therefore their citation does not constitute an admission that such references are prior art in any jurisdiction. All publications, patents and patent applications herein are incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each individual or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference.
Capacitance based energy storage systems of the present, namely capacitors, have certain drawbacks that include energy density per unit volume/mass, charge/discharge rates and stability. In rapid cycle, supercapacitors are effective, yet, they do not have the energy density of usual batteries. Morphology of currently used materials for supercapacitors is still containing restricted surface areas and conductivity. These problems are this invention aims to solve by using improved nanomaterial that offer higher surface areas, improved conductivity and compelled charge creation to offer better supercapacitors for uses of electric vehicles and renewable energy.
1. Conventional Supercapacitors: The generic supercapacitors integrate activated carbon as the initial electrode component. Although such devices are rated for high power densities as well as high round trip efficiency of charge/discharge cycles, their energy density is compromised by the low surface area and poor electrical conductivity of activated carbon.
2. Graphene-Based Supercapacitors: Among other materials, graphene, characterized by high electrical conductivity and specific surface area, has been considered for the supercapacitor use. Nonetheless, performance may be compromised by problems associated with the costs of creating graphene, its ability to scale up, and the challenges involved in achieving reasonable energy densities in real-life products.
3. Carbon Nanotube (CNT) Supercapacitors: CNTs have been employed in the modification of supercapacitors because of their high electrical conductivity, mechanical properties and surface area. Of the two however, CNTs are not exempt from issues such as low electrode/electrolyte interaction and inability to disperse uniformly within the electrode matrix.
4. Metal Oxide-Based Supercapacitors: Transition metal oxides such as RuO₂ proved to be effective in improving the efficiency of a supacapacitor. However these materials lack the availability, the cost and cycling stability over time are quite poor.
The proposed invention implies the development of a new generations of supercapacitor materials based on nanostructured carbon materials, graphene and transition metal oxide. These give them the highest mass and electrical conductivity; consequently, the energy density, charge/discharge rate, and remarkably cyclability of the supercapacitors are boosted. This invention discusses nanomaterial-based supercapacitors for improved energy storage capacity and the ability to charge / discharge quickly.
This invention provides an ultra-modern concept for supercapacitors through the incorporation of miniaturized carbon-based materials. These materials aim at increasing the surface area of the supercapacitor and the rate at which ions move across the surface, charge/discharge, and cycling stability of the supercapacitor. The supercapacitors are custom made for high power applications like portable electronic gadgets, electric cars, wind turbines and other renewable energy systems.
How It Works:
Electrode Design: The electrodes are designed by using nanomaterial that increases the surface area in order to expand the space for depositing ions and improve the energy density through the use of 3D nano structured materials like graphene, CNTs, and metal oxides to ensure that charges are well spread out across the surface of the electrode.
Electrolyte Optimization: The electrolytes are selected, and their detailed structure is intended to offer the optimum ion conduction properties and minimize internal resistance taking into consideration the nanostructure of the nanomaterials. This increases the overall charge discharge cycles and thus raises the efficiency of the supercapacitor.
Charge/Discharge Cycle: The enhancement of these sophisticated nanomaterials enhances the creation and transportation of ions through the electrodes and electrolyte that enables better perceptions of charge and discharge cycles with appropriate energy density.
A unique approach to developing the high surface area of graphene, CNTs and metal oxides that provide synergistic charging/discharging capabilities with excellent energy density and rates. The developed new supercapacitor offers higher energy density than a conventional supercapacitor. More charge/discharge cycles than graphene-based capacitors or CNT based capacitors. Enhanced cycling performance and durability by incorporating nanomaterials that lower the inherent resistance of a storage device.al oxides) engineered to work synergistically to optimize both energy density and charge/discharge rates. This invention offers: Enhanced energy density compared to traditional supercapacitors. Faster charge/discharge cycles than existing graphene-based or CNT-based capacitors. Improved cycle stability and longevity by using nanomaterials that reduce internal resistance and increase conductivity.
Several patents issued for supercapacitor but none of these are related to the present invention. Patent US20120026643A1 provides supercapacitor comprising a two electrodes, a porous separator disposed between the two electrodes, and an ionic liquid electrolyte in physical contact with the two electrodes, wherein at least one of the two electrodes comprises a meso-porous structure being formed of a plurality of nano graphene platelets and multiple pores having a pore size in the range of 2 nm and 25 nm, wherein the graphene platelets are not spacer-modified or surface-modified platelets. Preferably, the graphene platelets are curved, not flat-shaped. The pores are accessible to ionic liquid molecules, enabling the formation of large amounts of electric double layer charges in a supercapacitor, which exhibits an exceptionally high specific capacitance and high energy density.
Another patent US20220246363A1 relates to lithium-ion hybrid supercapacitor comprising (i) an electrode comprising nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (N-CNTs), and (ii) an electrode comprising an electrically conductive graphene material. The supercapacitor can comprise an electrolyte which is a solution of (i) a lithium salt selected from Li[PF2(C2O4)2], Li[SO3CF3], Li[N(CF3SO2)2], Li[C(CF3SO2)3], Li[N(SO2C2F5)2], LiClO4, LiPF6, LiAsF6, LiBF4, LiB(C6F5)4, LiB(C6H5)4, Li[B(C2O4)2], Li[BF2(C2O4)], and a mixture of any two or more thereof, and (ii) a solvent selected form dimethyl carbonate (DMC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), methyl propyl carbonate (MPC), ethyl propyl carbonate (EPC), ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), and a mixture of any two or more thereof.
Another patent US20190252131A1 provides graphene-enabled hybrid particulate for use as an anode active material in a hybrid supercapacitor or lithium-ion capacitor, wherein the hybrid particulate is formed of a single or a plurality of graphene sheets and a single or a plurality of fine primary particles of a niobium-containing composite metal oxide, having a size from 1 nm to 10 μm, and the graphene sheets and the primary particles are mutually bonded or agglomerated into the hybrid particulate containing an exterior graphene sheet or multiple exterior graphene sheets embracing the primary particles, and wherein the hybrid particulate has an electrical conductivity no less than 10−4 S/cm and said graphene is in an amount of from 0.01% to 30% by weight based on the total weight of graphene and the niobium-containing composite metal oxide combined.
Another patent US8940145B1 discloses supercapacitor electrode mechanism comprising an electrically conductive, porous substrate, having one or more metallic oxides deposited on a first surface and a chemically reduced graphene oxide deposited on a second surface, to thereby provide an electrical double layer associated with the substrate. The substrate may be carbon paper or a similar substance. The layers of the supercapacitor are optionally rolled into an approximately cylindrical structure.
Another patent US11037738B2 provide graphene-enabled hybrid particulate for use as an anode active material in a hybrid supercapacitor or lithium-ion capacitor, wherein the hybrid particulate is formed of a single or a plurality of graphene sheets and a single or a plurality of fine primary particles of a niobium-containing composite metal oxide, having a size from 1 nm to 10 μm, and the graphene sheets and the primary particles are mutually bonded or agglomerated into the hybrid particulate containing an exterior graphene sheet or multiple exterior graphene sheets embracing the primary particles, and wherein the hybrid particulate has an electrical conductivity no less than 10−4 S/cm and said graphene is in an amount of from 0.01% to 30% by weight based on the total weight of graphene and the niobium-containing composite metal oxide combined.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
Main object of the present invention is to develop high-performance supercapacitors using nanostructured materials such as graphene, CNTs, and metal oxides.
Another object of the present invention is to enhance the energy density of supercapacitors beyond that of conventional carbon-based systems.
Another object of the present invention is to improve charge and discharge rates through optimized nanomaterial electrode design.
Another object of the present invention is to increase the surface area and electrical conductivity of electrode materials for efficient ion transport.
Another object of the present invention is to reduce internal resistance and improve the overall efficiency of the energy storage device.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts, in a simplified format, that are further described in the detailed description of the invention.
This summary is neither intended to identify key or essential inventive concepts of the invention and nor is it intended for determining the scope of the invention.
To further clarify advantages and features of the present invention, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof, which is illustrated in the appended drawings.
The present invention discloses a novel design and fabrication of nanomaterial-based supercapacitors that overcome the limitations of conventional energy storage systems, such as low energy density, limited charge/discharge rates, and poor cycling stability. By incorporating advanced nanostructured materials—including graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and transition metal oxides—this invention significantly enhances surface area, electrical conductivity, and ion transport efficiency within the electrodes.
The invention provides an integrated approach to synthesizing, fabricating, and optimizing high-performance supercapacitor components, enabling rapid charge/discharge cycles, superior energy density, and enhanced lifecycle durability. These supercapacitors are tailored for high-demand applications such as electric vehicles, renewable energy systems, and portable electronics, and offer scalable, cost-effective manufacturing advantages over existing technologies.
Herein enclosed a nanomaterial-based supercapacitor comprising of:
nanostructured electrode materials selected from a group consisting of graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and transition metal oxides, wherein said materials are configured to provide increased surface area and enhanced electrical conductivity, thereby improving the energy density, charge/discharge rate, and cycling stability of a supercapacitor.
A method for manufacturing a nanomaterial-based supercapacitor comprising the steps of comprising the steps of:
synthesizing nanomaterials selected from the group consisting of graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and transition metal oxides;
fabricating electrodes using said nanomaterials;
assembling said electrodes with an electrolyte to form a nano supercapacitor;
performing charge and discharge cycle testing on the assembled device; and
evaluating the performance of the supercapacitor based on energy density, cycling stability, and charge/discharge rate.
The synthesis of nanomaterials includes chemical vapor deposition, sol-gel synthesis, or hydrothermal methods to obtain high-purity, high-surface-area nanostructures.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The illustrated embodiments of the subject matter will be understood by reference to the drawings, wherein like parts are designated by like numerals throughout. The following description is intended only by way of example, and simply illustrates certain selected embodiments of devices, systems, and methods that are consistent with the subject matter as claimed herein, wherein:
Fig. 1 diagram of the nanomaterial-based supercapacitor
Fig. 2 Flow chart
Fig. 3 Properties of supercapacitors
The figures depict embodiments of the present subject matter for the purposes of illustration only. A person skilled in the art will easily recognize from the following description that alternative embodiments of the structures and methods illustrated herein may be employed without departing from the principles of the disclosure described herein.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The detailed description of various exemplary embodiments of the disclosure is described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments are described herein in such details as to clearly communicate the disclosure. However, the amount of details provided herein is not intended to limit the anticipated variations of embodiments; on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.
It is also to be understood that various arrangements may be devised that, although not explicitly described or shown herein, embody the principles of the present disclosure. Moreover, all statements herein reciting principles, aspects, and embodiments of the present disclosure, as well as specific examples, are intended to encompass equivalents thereof.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a",” “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises,” “comprising,” “includes” and/or “including,” when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and/or groups thereof.
It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions/acts noted may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two figures shown in succession may, in fact, be executed concurrently or may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality/acts involved.
In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", “third”, and the like in the present invention are used for the purpose of description only, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defining "first" and "second" may include at least one of the features, either explicitly or implicitly.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which example embodiments belong. It will be further understood that terms, e.g., those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
In some embodiments of the present invention, discloses a novel design and fabrication of nanomaterial-based supercapacitors that overcome the limitations of conventional energy storage systems, such as low energy density, limited charge/discharge rates, and poor cycling stability.
In some embodiments of the invention, by incorporating advanced nanostructured materials—including graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and transition metal oxides—this invention significantly enhances surface area, electrical conductivity, and ion transport efficiency within the electrodes.
In some embodiments of the invention, the invention provides an integrated approach to synthesizing, fabricating, and optimizing high-performance supercapacitor components, enabling rapid charge/discharge cycles, superior energy density, and enhanced lifecycle durability.
In some embodiments of the invention, these supercapacitors are tailored for high-demand applications such as electric vehicles, renewable energy systems, and portable electronics, and offer scalable, cost-effective manufacturing advantages over existing technologies.
Herein enclosed a nanomaterial-based supercapacitor comprising of:
nanostructured electrode materials selected from a group consisting of graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and transition metal oxides, wherein said materials are configured to provide increased surface area and enhanced electrical conductivity, thereby improving the energy density, charge/discharge rate, and cycling stability of a supercapacitor.
A method for manufacturing a nanomaterial-based supercapacitor comprising the steps of comprising the steps of:
synthesizing nanomaterials selected from the group consisting of graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and transition metal oxides;
fabricating electrodes using said nanomaterials;
assembling said electrodes with an electrolyte to form a nano supercapacitor;
performing charge and discharge cycle testing on the assembled device; and
evaluating the performance of the supercapacitor based on energy density, cycling stability, and charge/discharge rate.
The synthesis of nanomaterials includes chemical vapor deposition, sol-gel synthesis, or hydrothermal methods to obtain high-purity, high-surface-area nanostructures.
EXAMPLE 1
BEST METHOD
The proposed invention implies the development of a new generations of supercapacitor materials based on nanostructured carbon materials, graphene and transition metal oxide. These give them the highest mass and electrical conductivity; consequently, the energy density, charge/discharge rate, and remarkably cyclability of the supercapacitors are boosted. This invention discusses nanomaterial-based supercapacitors for improved energy storage capacity and the ability to charge / discharge quickly.
This invention provides an ultra-modern concept for supercapacitors through the incorporation of miniaturized carbon-based materials. These materials aim at increasing the surface area of the supercapacitor and the rate at which ions move across the surface, charge/discharge, and cycling stability of the supercapacitor. The supercapacitors are custom made for high power applications like portable electronics gadgets, electric cars, wind turbines and other renewable energy systems.
Synthesis of Nanomaterials: This is done in the first step, and some of the key materials include graphene, CNTs and metal oxides.
Fabrication of Electrodes: These synthesized nanomaterials are integrated into the electrode design at either the macroscopic level or the microscopic level depending on the design. This is in order to enhance the surface area of charge storage, the conductivity of the electrodes as well as the design of the electrodes that enables the ions to migrate.
Assembly of the Supercapacitor: Here in this step, the developed electrodes are combined with another factor known as optimized electrolyte, which is selected based on its compatibility with the nanomaterial electrodes and in order to minimize the internal reistance affecting the charge-discharge cylces effectively.
Charging and Discharging Cycle Testing: The supercapacitor is also subjected to charge and discharge tests with the purpose of determining the performance of the supercapacitor. This step ensures that the supercapacitor charge response is as required when operating under different conditions which include charging, and discharging.
Evaluation of Performance: Lastly, the applicability of the supercapacitor is assessed in terms of energy density, charge-discharge rate, and cycling efficiency. These results are then employed to assure that the developed supercapacitor has characteristics necessary for high efficiency, stability, and rate capabilities.
ADVANTAGES:
The proposed supercapacitors based on nanomaterials have therefore numerous remarkable merits over the available superrcapacitor technologies:
Enhanced Energy Density: Incorporation of high surface area nanomaterials like graphene, CNTs and metal oxides are responsible for greater energy density than supercapacitors as active materials like activated carbon has lower surface area and conductivity.
Faster Charge/Discharge Cycles: When the contexts involve the latest nanomaterials, the ions move much faster, thus providing faster charge/discharge rate. It is especially favorable for the load profiles that need short and powerful energy impulses, say, electric automobiles and portable consumer devices.
Improved Cycle Stability: The integration of advanced nanomaterials with good conductivity and low internal impedance leads to better cycles’ stability. This implies that the cycling stability of the supercapacitor is increased and the degradation observed in ordinary supercapacitors is displaced to a higher cycle number.
Lower Internal Resistance: The novel electrolyte and nanostructural electrode design also serve to lower the internal impedance of the capacitor, to promote better energy throughput and improved performance resulting from this strategy.
Scalability and Cost Efficiency: Graphene and CNTs have some limitations such as scalability and costs for the past invention, and this invention presents new manufacturing processes of scalability and reduced manufacturing costs thus opening new doors for commercial applications.
Differences Compared to Previous and Current Solutions
Feature Traditional Super-capacitors Graphene-based Super-capacitors CNT-based Super-capacitors Nanomaterial-Based Super-capacitors
(Proposed)
Surface Area Low to moderate High, but limited by manufacturing methods Moderate to high Extremely high due to nanostructuring
Conductivity Moderate High High Extremely high due to improved nanomaterial properties
Energy Density Low Moderate to high Moderate Significantly higher with optimized nanomaterials
Charge/Discharge Speed Moderate Fast Moderate to fast Very fast due to reduced internal resistance
Cycling Stability Moderate Low
(due to graphene agglomeration) Low
(due to poor electrode/electrolyte interaction) High, improved by engineered nanomaterial interface
Manufacturing Cost Low High
(due to graphene costs) High
(due to CNT processing costs) Moderate to low (due to scalable nanomaterial production methods)

 
, Claims:1. A nanomaterial-based supercapacitor comprising of:
nanostructured electrode materials selected from a group consisting of graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and transition metal oxides, wherein said materials are configured to provide increased surface area and enhanced electrical conductivity, thereby improving the energy density, charge/discharge rate, and cycling stability of a supercapacitor.
2. A method for manufacturing a nanomaterial-based supercapacitor as claimed in claim 1, wherein said method comprising the steps of:
a) synthesizing nanomaterials selected from the group consisting of graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and transition metal oxides;
b) fabricating electrodes using said nanomaterials;
c) assembling said electrodes with an electrolyte to form a nano supercapacitor;
d) performing charge and discharge cycle testing on the assembled device; and
e) evaluating the performance of the supercapacitor based on energy density, cycling stability, and charge/discharge rate.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the synthesis of nanomaterials includes chemical vapor deposition, sol-gel synthesis, or hydrothermal methods to obtain high-purity, high-surface-area nanostructures.