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"A Bio Pesticidal Composition For Protection Of Seeds & Grains From Storage Insects Pests"

Abstract: A bio pesticidal composition for protection of seeds & grains from storage insects pests comprising the plant parts of:

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Patent Information

Application #
Filing Date
09 May 2012
Publication Number
46/2015
Publication Type
INA
Invention Field
TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE BIOTECHNOLOGY
Status
Email
Parent Application

Applicants

NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
20-22, ZAMROODPUR COMMUNITY CENTRE, KAILASH COLONY EXTENSION, NEW DELHI-110048.

Inventors

1. SURENDRA NATH TIWARI
DEPPTT. OF ENTOMOLOGY, G.B. PANT UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL & TECHNOLOGY, PANTNAGAR-263 145, UTTARANCHAL
2. ANIL KUMAR
DEPPTT. OF ENTOMOLOGY, G.B. PANT UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL & TECHNOLOGY, PANTNAGAR-263 145, UTTARANCHAL
3. NILANJAN DUTTA
DEPPTT. OF ENTOMOLOGY, G.B. PANT UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL & TECHNOLOGY, PANTNAGAR-263 145, UTTARANCHAL
4. DIWAKAR SINGH
DEPPTT. OF ENTOMOLOGY, G.B. PANT UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL & TECHNOLOGY, PANTNAGAR-263 145, UTTARANCHAL
5. RAKESH KUMAR SINGH
DEPPTT. OF ENTOMOLOGY, G.B. PANT UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL & TECHNOLOGY, PANTNAGAR-263 145, UTTARANCHAL

Specification

Field of the Invention The invention relates to novel synergistic pesticidal composition of some phytogenic seed protectants useful for protection of organic or non-organic seeds and grain of cereals from infestation of Rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae). Lesser Grain Borer {Rhyzopertha dominica). Red Rust Flour Beetle (Tribolium castaneum) and Grain Moth (Sitotroga cerealella) under storage conditions. The invention also provides a method for preparation of the said composition. ' Background of the Invention During storage cereal seed and grain are infested by Rice weevil {Sitophilus oryzae), Lesser Grain Borer {Rhyzopertha dominica). Red Rust Flour Beetle {Tribolium castaneum) and Grain Moth {Sitotroga cerealella) the damage of which severely reduce the germination, vigor and vitality of seed. The infested kernel also become unfit for human consumption due to various reasons. Through out the world, protection of seed/grain under storage condition is heavily dependent on different insecticides, which are used for prophylactic or curative treatment, hi prophylactic treatments, some organophosphates such as malathion, chloipyriphos methyl, pirimiphos methyl or pyrethroids such as deltamethrin are directly mixed in the seed before storage or sprayed in the godown or warehouse. In hidia and so many other countries, mixing of any insecticide is permitted only in non-organic seed while their use in organic seed or any type of food grain is completely banned. These two groups of insecticides have been used so injudiciously that vidthin a very short period, most insects have developed resistance against it. Malathion, an organophosphate that was introduced under storage system to manage the insect-pest problem at 2 ppm, has now.become ineffective even at 125 ppm within a few years. Similarly, the newly introduced, pyrethroid, deltamethrin, which controls the insect- 1 pest problem a( I ppjn in most parts of the world, has now become useless even at 4X1 ppm in some parts of our country. Most surprisingly, these ins^ticides are also mixed in the food grain which is not permitted iit India. Presently we do not have any non-insecticidal product which can be used effectively and economicatly for the control of a!! four storage pest : Rice weevil, Lesser Grain Borer, Red Rust Flour Beeiie and Grain Modi, in the organic cereal seed. Although, some planis have been reported \o possess the pesticida! property, tlieir activity is restricted to some specific species due to which they are not much useful for ihe treatment of organic seed which may be infested by all the four species during storage. As the rate of growth of insect population is very high in case of stored grain insects, the product may also prove to be inefYective unless it siippresses 90-100 per cent feeding and breeding of insects. The product should also be highly efTectivc for longer duration as in most of the conditions grains are stored for one year i.e. from one harvest to the next fo be economicaUy viable, it should be effective against all major pests at lower concentration, as the cost of treatment will increase tremendously with the increase in tiic concentration. Presently we do not have such products. to the prior art the investigation of this inventor, Tiwari [Tiw-ari, S.N. 1994, Iruernmiomil J. Pest Managemenh 40, I, 94-97] the root powder of Rauwolfia serpenma was highly effective against Lesser Grain Borer Rhyzopenim dominica as it completely suppressed Ihe feeding ajtd breeding of this insect even at 0.25 per cent Unrevealed studies made by this inventor group indicate tliai it is highly efTective against this insect even at 0.05 0.10 per cent. AJthough, in one of the attempt it was not effective against Smphilus ory'zae in further teste which are not reported, it has suppressed 47-53 per cent progeny of this insect at 0.25 per cent. Unrevealed tests indicate that this product is also effective against Triholitm casUmeum by suppressing 61-91 per cent progeny and 52 per cent infestation, Unrevealed test indicate that tliis product is eflective against Sitoiraga cereaMta as it suppressed 73-94 per cent progeny producdon at 0.05-0.20 per cent. 2 Jii (he prior art Subramanya et al J994 fSubramanya, S,; Babu, C.K.; Krishnappa, C. and Murthy, K.C.K. 1994. Mysore J. Agric. ScL, 28, 325-345.] have reported the efficacy of leaf powder of Eucalyptus citriodora against CaUosobruchus chinensis which infest stored pulses. No one have reported its efficacy against insect pests of stored cereal which are the subject of present invention. Furthermore, the form in which it has been used in present invention is unrevealed. In the prior art Islam et al. 1994 [Islam, N.; Bhuiyah, M.I.M.; Begum A. and Karira, M.A. 1989. Bangladesh J. Zool, 11 y 175-178.J have reported the efficacy of Lantana camara against Sitophilus oryzae at 2% in maize. No one have reported its efficacy against other insect pests of cereals studied in the presait invention. Also, the efficacy of this plant at lower level against insect pests of cereals is xmrevealed. In the prior art Atal et al. 1978 [Atal, C.K.; Srivastava, J.B.; Wali, B.K.; Chakravarty, R.B.; Dhawan, B.N. and Rastogi, R.P. 1978. Indian J. Exp. Biol, 16, 330-349] have studied the mortality of Tribolium castaneum treated with extract of Ageratum conyzoides which is not the subject of present invention. In the prior art Miguel et al 2003 [ Miguel, E. A. A.; Marisabel, A.; Lianne, A. and Jorge, L.A. 2003.CIENCIA 11(1) 61-76.] have studied the rqjellency and feeding deterrent activity of some extracts of Ageratum conyzoides which is not &e subject of present invention. Our unrevealed studies have indicated that acetone, carbon tetra chloride, chloroform, ethanol, ethyl acetate, hexane, methanol, petroleimi ethpr and water extract of Ageratum conyzoides leaf are not much ejBFective against Rhyzopertha dominica and Sitophilus oryzae. No one have studied the efficacy of powders of diJBferent plant parts of Ageratum conyzoides against insect pests of cereals such as Rhyzopertha dominica, Sitophilus oryzae, Sitotroga cerealella and Tribolium castaneum which is the subject of presait investigation. Furthermore, the form in which.it has been used in present invention is unrevealed. -5-OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION The main object of the present invention is to provide broad spectrum synergistic pesticidal compositions of plant origin useful for protection of organic or non-organic cereal seed or grain from insect infestation under storage condition. Another object is to provide pesticidal composition of organic seed protectants, which are commercially viable, eco-friendly, biodegradable, and non-toxic to non-target organisms. Yet another object is to provide a composition which is highly effective against all the major insects pests of cereals like Rhyzopertha dominica, Sitophilus oryzae, Sitotroga cerealella and Tribolium castaneum under storage conditions. Still another object is to provide a pesticidal composition having long shelf life and easily applicable. A further object of this invention is to propose a process for the preparation of broad spectrum synergistic pesticidal compositions of plant origin useful for protection of organic or non-organic cereal seed or grain from insect infestation under storage condition. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INENTION According to this invention there is provided a bio pesticidal composition for protection of seeds 85 grains from storage insects pests comprising the plant parts of: a) Ageratum conyzoides and b) Eucalyptus citriodora and c) Roof powder of Rauwolfla serpentine present in a ratio of 2:1:1 According to the practice of the invention, any aerial parts of Ageratum conyzoides can be used, however, best results are obtained when new leaf powder is used. In case of Eucalyptus citriodora the leaves or saw dust are not effective due to which best result is obtained when ash of woody parts or saw dust are used in composition. The Rauwolfia serpentine root powder is incorporated in the composition. Invention have revealed that parts of the plant and form in which they are used is very important for adequate efficacy against storage insect pests. ri)c [iropoilion in wliioli llic phiiil pails ol Af^eni/uin coiiyzoulcs, I'McoIypius ciuiixloni, Lantana canuirn, and Jiauwo/fiti xerpenthui jiro cojnhinod can be readily delcrniincd by a person skilled in (he art. However, the use of Ageratuni conyzoides and Eucalyptus ciiriodora in the ratio of 1:1; Agcralum conyzoides. Eucalyptus cittiodora and Lantana camara in (he ratio of 1:1:1 and Ageratum conyzoides. Eucalyptus and Rauwolfia serpentina in the ratio of 2:1:1 provide best results. The resultant composition is found to exhibit surprising and unexpected properties and is eflfective against pests such as Rhyzopertha dominica, Sitophilus oryzae, Sitoiroga cerealella and Tribolium castaneum. In a further aspect, the invention provides a method for preparation of the composition which comprises the steps of pulverizing the plant parts of Ageratum conyzoides, Eucalyptus citriodora, Lantana camara, and Rauwolfia serpentina and mixing Ageratum conyzoides and Eucalyptus citriodora in the ratio of 1:1; Ageratum conyzoides. Eucalyptus citriodora and Lantana camara in the ratio of 1:1:1 and Ageratum conyzoides. Eucalyptus and Rauwolfia serpentina in the ratio of 2:1:1. The compositions so prepared can be formulated in the physical forms of powders. The composition containing Ageratum conyzoides and Eucalyptus citriodora in the ratio of 1:1; Ageratum conyzoides. Eucalyptus citriodora and Lantana camara in the ratio of 1:1:1 and Ageratum conyzoides. Eucalyptus and Rauwolfia serpentina in the ratio of 2:1:1, can be mixed in the organic or non-organic cereal seeds at the rate of 2,2 and 1 per cent (w/w), respectively, to protect the seed from insect infestation. To describe in detail, the phytogenic pesticidal composition is prepared by (a) grinding dry Ageratum conyzoides and Lantana camara leaves to fine powder, (b) grinding dry root of Rauwolfia serpentina to fine powder (c) burning of Eucalyptus citriodora woody parts or saw dust to obtain black ash and grinding it to fine powder, (d) sieving the dry powders separately through 15-20 mesh sieve (e) mixing the above mentioned sieved powders of Ageratum conyzoides aad Eucalyptus citriodora in the ratio of 1:1; Ageratum conyzoides. Eucalyptus citriodora and Lantana camara in the ratio of 1:1:1 and Ageratum conyzoides. Eucalyptus and Raitwolfia serpentina in the ratio of 2:1:1.to get pesticidal compositions. 6 li)r iiiflJidd ioi piokx liiij'. (Ii<- ui;'.;iim- oi i)nii(>i|>;tiiic seed or /',i;iin liom uilcsdidoii oT Miser) pcsls iiiulci s(()i;if,c coixliljon nivolvcj; jiiixinj', (he coiiijwxsition containing; A^craium ronyzoules am] Eucalyptus cifriodoni in (lie ratio of 1:1; Agcratum couyzoidcs, Eucalyptus cUriodora and Eanlami canuira in Uic ratio of 1:1:1 and Ageratum conyzoides. Eucalyptus and Rauwolfia serpentina in the ratio of 2:1:1, at the rate of 2,2 and 1 per cent (w/w), respectively, uniformly flirougli out the seed/grain so that their surfaces arc coated with the powdery formulation. For Uiis purpose, the formulation is mixed manually by spreading the seed/grain on polyethylene sheets. Manually operated seed dressers/mixers may also be used for this purpose. The treated seed may be stored in jute, polyethylene or poly lined jute bags or different types of bins. The formulation may be used for prophylactic treatment of grain/seed, to protect the same from insect infestation rmder storage conditions. To protect the grains from infestation of Rhyzopertha dominica and Sitophiltis oryzae, the leaf powder of Ageratum conyzoides may be mixed alone at the rate of 1 per cent. Similarly, mixing of Eucalyptus cUriodora powder at the rate of 1 per cent will protect the grains from infestation of Sitophilus oryzae and Tribolium castaneum. Dry leaf powder of Ageratum conyzoides is highly effective against Rhyzopertha dominica at 0.50-1.50 per cent (w/w) as it reduces 98-100 per cent progeny production and 82-98 per cent infestation of tliis insect pest (Table I). It is also highly effective against Sitophilus oryzae, the progeny and infestation of which are reduced by 90-100 and 91 per cent, respectively, at 1,00 per cent. The efficacy of this plant is reduced considerably with lowering dose to 0.25%. Ageratum conyzoides is, however, not effective against Tribolium castaneum commonly knovra as the Red rust flour beetle. The efficacy of this plant has also been found to vary with plant parts(Tabie 1). At 0.50 % new and mature leaf of Ageratum conyzoides suppressed 100 % progeny of Rhyzopertha dominica while only 90 per cent inhibition was achieved by whole plant powder. However, at 1.00 and 1.50% new leaf, matiu-e leaf and whole plant were equally effective against Rhyzopertha dominica. Against Sitophilus oryzae new leaf was more effective as compared to mixed leaf, mature leaf and whole plant at 0.50%, however, at I.OO per cent mixed, new and mature leaf were highly effective while whole plant powder was very less effective. At 1.50% also whole plant powder is less effective against Sitophilus oryzae as compared to new leaf and mature leaf 7 i he Ic.il f)ow(.lci of I.an tana annara iuhiiixed wilh whcnl iU liic nilc of 1% xway profcc! i! from infcstalion of SUophilus oryzoe. where as il lias mild cffccl at 0.25-0.50%. I'liis planl is not cficclivc against Rhyzopertha dominica and 'JYiboHum castaneum. Dry root powder of Jtauwol/ia serpentina is highly effective against Rhyzopertha dominica at 0.05-1.00 per cent (w/w) as it completely checks the progeny production and infestation of this insect pest (Table 1). However, it is not much effective against Sitophilus oryzae Tribolium castaneum and Sitotroga cerealella. At 1.00 per cent this root powder is highly effective against Rhyzopertha dominica and Tribolium castaneum. The acetone, chloroform, ethanol, ethyl acetate, methanol or propanol extract of Rauwolfia serpentina root is also highly effective agmnsi Rhyzopertha dominica at the rate of 0.25 % equivalent Eucalyptus citriodora ash , on the other hand, is not much effective against Rhyzopertha dominica si 1 per cent. However, it is highly effective against Sitophilus oryzae and Tribolium castaneum. It reduces 95-100 per cent progeny and 92-99 per cent infestation of these two pests (Table 1) at this level. More surprisingly the saw dust of Eucalyptus citriodora wood do not have any effect against any of these four insect pest while leaf powder of this plant is moderately effective against Tribolium castaneum. lyry seed powder of Azadirachta indica is also not much effective against Rhyzopertha dominica at 0.25-1.00 per cent. However, it is highly effective against Sitophilus oryzae and Tribolium castaneum at 1.00 per cent. It reduces 92-93 per cent progeny and 94 per cent infestation of Sitophilus oryzae. It also reduces 93-100 per cent progeny and 92 per cent infestation oi Tribolium castaneum(Tablc 1). The above mentioned results indicate that none of the plants described above are effective against all the four insect pests of stored cereals due to which it is necessary to formulate some products with broad spectrum activity. The composition of invention containing equal proportion of dry leaf powder of Ageratum conyzoides and ash powder of Eucalyptus citriodora at 2.00 percent is highly effective against all the four major insect pests of stored 8 ('i'ir;tl.s, R/iyyojir/f/ui ilnimiiica, Silophilus oryiac, Sitolrojiti ccn-d/i'l/a and Tnholium casiaiH'wii. Tlic coiiil)in;itioi) of the ahovc-nicnlioiicd ingredients was syncrj;islic as il suj:»prcsscd 96-100, 98, 92 and 92 per cent progeny of Rhyzopertha dominica, Siiophilus oryzac, TriboUum castuncum and SitoSroga cerealella, respectively. K may also acliicvc 95, 99 and 91 per cent suppression of infestation oiRhyzopertha dominica, Sitophilus oryzae aiid Tribolium castaneum, respectively. The formulation containing Ageratum conyzoides, Eucalyptus citriodora and Lantana camara in the ratio of 1:1:1 was effective against Rhyzopertha dominica, Sitophilus oryzae and Sitotroga cerealella at 2.00% when it suppressed 100,88 and 92 per cent progeny of these insects, respectively. The composition of invention containing Ageratum conyzoides. Eucalyptus and Rauwolfia serpentina in the ratio of 2:1:1 suppressed 100,99 and 88 per cent progeny and 100,99 and 87 per cent infestation of Rhyzopertha dominica, Sitophilus oryzae and Tribolium castaneum when it was mixed in the wheat seed at 1.00 per cent(w/w). The effects of above mentioned ingredients have been found to be synergistic, and the formulation is not mere combination of two or three ingredients in some proportion, as other combinations have failed to show such synergistic effect. Although, Ageratum conyzoides was effective against Rhyzopertha and Sitophilus and Rauwolfia serpentina was effective against Rhyzopertha dominica and Tribolium castaneum, their combination in the ratio of 4:1 failed to show adequate activity against TriboUum indicating that combination was not synergistic for this insect(Table 1). The proportion of these the ingredients in the prqjaration and the rate at which the formulation is mixed to the grain/seed, are highly specific and devised after careful consideration and study to minimize their dosages. At lower concentration the efficacy of the product is reduced significantly. During 6-month storage, the insect infestation in treated seed varied fi-om 0.0 to 21.6 % where as untreated seed recorded 6.9 to 88.7% infestation. Similarly the loss in the weight of treated seed varied from 0.0 to 7.1% while untreated seed recorded 0.6 to 28.8% loss in weight(Table 2). The data indicated that the SG^ protectant is effective even in most Susceptible storage structurfe and higher protection may be achieved in grain stored in polythene bag, polythene lined jute bag or different types of bin. In the seed stored in metal 9 10 1)1:1 nhrr 1ic;ifii)f> willi s<'<-(>wphilus oryzae, Triholium castaiwum and Sitotroga ccrcalclhi, !cs])cc(ivcly. It may :ilso achieve 95, 99 aiid 91 per cen( suppression of infestation oHRhyzopertha dominica, Sitophilus oryzae and Tribolium castaneum, respectively. The formulation containing Ageratum conyzoides. Eucalyptus citriodora and Lantana camara in the ratio of 1:1:1 was effective against Rhyzopertha dominica, Sitophilus oryzae and Sitotroga cerealella at 2.00% when it suppressed 100,88 and 92 per cent progeny of these insects, respectively. The composition of invention containing Ageratum conyzoides. Eucalyptus and Rauwolfia serpentina in the ratio of 2:1:1 suppressed 100,99 and 88 per cent progeny and 100,99 and 87 per cent infestation of Rhyzopertha dominica, Sitophilus oryzae and Tribolium castaneum when it was mixed in the wheat seed at 1.00 per cent(w/w). The effects of above mentioned ingredients have been found to be synergistic, and the formulation is not mere combination of two or three ingredients in some proportion, ns other combinations have failed to show such synergistic effect. Although, Ageratum conyzoides was effective against Rhyzopertha and Sitophilus and Rauwolfia serpentina was effective against Rhyzopertha dominica and Tribolium castaneum, their combination in the ratio of 4:1 failed to show adequate activity against Tribolium indicating that combination was not synergistic for this insect. The proportion of these the ingredients in the preparation and the rate at which the formulation is mixed to the grain/seed, are highly specific and devised after careful consideration and study to minimize their dosages. At lower concentration the efficacy of the product is reduced significantly. Table 2. Table describes the per cent infestation and weight loss of grain stored in jute bag after treating with herbal seed protectant (Ageratum conyzoides leaf powder + Eucalyptus citriodora ash) St the rate of 2% (w/w). During 6-month storage, the insect infestation in treated seed varied fi-om 0.0 to 21.6 % wha:e as untreated seed recorded 6.9 to 88.7% infestation. Similarly the loss in the weight of treated seed varied fi-om 0.0 to 7.1% while untreated seed recorded 0.6 to 28.8% loss, in weight. The data indicated that the seed protectant is effective even in most susceptible storage structure and higher protection may 15 IS be ;uliicvutl ill ;;i;iii) .vloraJ lu j)()Iy(lu:iic l);i;'„ |ioly(li

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# Name Date
1 1418-DEL-2012-AbandonedLetter.pdf 2018-08-06
1 1418-del-2012-Form-18-(16-05-2012).pdf 2012-05-16
2 1418-DEL-2012-FER.pdf 2017-11-29
2 1418-del-2012-Correspondence-Others-(16-05-2012).pdf 2012-05-16
3 1418-del-2012-Form-5.pdf 2013-05-03
3 1418-del-2012-Correspondence Others-(18-11-2013).pdf 2013-11-18
4 1418-del-2012-Abstract.pdf 2013-05-03
4 1418-del-2012-Form-3.pdf 2013-05-03
5 1418-del-2012-Form-2.pdf 2013-05-03
5 1418-del-2012-Claims.pdf 2013-05-03
6 1418-del-2012-Form-1.pdf 2013-05-03
6 1418-del-2012-Correspondence-others.pdf 2013-05-03
7 1418-del-2012-Description (Complete).pdf 2013-05-03
8 1418-del-2012-Form-1.pdf 2013-05-03
8 1418-del-2012-Correspondence-others.pdf 2013-05-03
9 1418-del-2012-Form-2.pdf 2013-05-03
9 1418-del-2012-Claims.pdf 2013-05-03
10 1418-del-2012-Abstract.pdf 2013-05-03
10 1418-del-2012-Form-3.pdf 2013-05-03
11 1418-del-2012-Correspondence Others-(18-11-2013).pdf 2013-11-18
11 1418-del-2012-Form-5.pdf 2013-05-03
12 1418-DEL-2012-FER.pdf 2017-11-29
12 1418-del-2012-Correspondence-Others-(16-05-2012).pdf 2012-05-16
13 1418-del-2012-Form-18-(16-05-2012).pdf 2012-05-16
13 1418-DEL-2012-AbandonedLetter.pdf 2018-08-06

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