FORM 2
THE PATENTS ACT, 1970
(39 of 1970)
&
THE PATENTS RULES, 2003
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
[See section 10, rule 13]
TITLE: “A BIPOLAR PLATE FOR A FUEL CELL”
NAME AND ADDRESS OF THE APPLICANT:
TATA MOTORS LIMITED of Bombay House, 24 Homi Mody Street, Hutatma Chowk, Mumbai 400 001 Maharashtra, India.
Nationality: Indian
The following specification particularly describes the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed.

TECHNICAL FIELD
Present disclosure generally relates to a field of renewable energy. Particularly, but not exclusively the present disclosure relates to a fuel cell. Further, embodiments of the present disclosure disclose a bipolar plate for the fuel cell.
BACKGROUND
A fuel cell is an electrochemical cell which converts chemical energy of a fuel into an electrical energy. Unlike a conventional battery, the fuel cell continuously produces electricity as long as fuel in the form of hydrogen and air are supplied thereto. The fuel cell system generally comprises a fuel cell stack for generating electricity. Further, the fuel cell includes a fuel supply system for supplying fuel like hydrogen to the fuel cell stack and air supply system for supplying oxygen. The oxygen may act as an oxidizing agent required for an electrochemical reaction, in the fuel cell stack.
With the continuing depletion of non-renewable energy, fuel cells are expected to play a major role as a sustainable technology for power generation in wide variety of applications. One such fuel cell application may be automotive applications. The fuel cell which may be considered as future automotive propulsion applications is a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC). The PEMFC system is an energy system that can convert hydrogen and oxygen (or air) to electricity with water as by-product, and hence is of interest from an environmental point of view. A significant part of the PEMFC stack are bipolar plates, which are designed to carry out functions, such as distribution of reactants uniformly over the active areas, remove heat from the active areas, carry current from cell to cell and prevent leakage of reactants and coolant. Furthermore, the bipolar plates must be of inexpensive, lightweight materials and must be easily and inexpensively manufactured. Many efforts have been made to develop bipolar materials that satisfy these demands. The main materials used for bipolar plates may include electro graphite, sheet metal (coated and uncoated) and graphite polymer composites.
Delivery of reactants, removal of products and efficient heat removal from the PEMFC stack is crucial for optimum performance and durability. Flow-field design of bipolar plate is also considered as one of factor for these processes. Power capacity value of a PEMFC may be greatly influenced by the flow field design. Homogeneous current density and temperature distribution along with effective water removal are crucial tasks, and thus require a careful flow field design in a PEMFC. The main task of designing a flow field network is to achieve the

maximum possible homogeneity over the cells active area, which means using the hydrogen effectively, with respect to temperature, gas concentration, and humidity. The stoichiometry and composition of the reactants and the stack’s operating conditions have to be accurately accounted for it.
With the ongoing developments many configurations of bipolar plates have been developed, and such bipolar plates may have own advantages and disadvantages. Some of the conventional bipolar plates and the flow-field designs of such plate are discussed below. The bipolar plate generally uses parallel channel for fluid flow or a crisscross form of flow is induced in one bipolar plate in order for the gas to coalesce with water droplets. Further, bipolar plates with single serpentine flow path are also available, in which the fluid flow through a continuous path from start to end. However, the conventional bipolar plates have some associated disadvantages, and such disadvantages may include uneven current density, water blockage in channels resulting in obstructed flow, unstable voltage after extended usage, low channel velocity, uneven reactant distribution and corrosion issues, which are undesired.
The present disclosure is directed to overcome one or more limitations stated above, or any other limitation associated with the prior arts.
SUMMARY
The one or more shortcomings of the prior art are overcome by a bipolar plate as claimed and additional advantages are provided through the provision of the bipolar plate as claimed in the present disclosure. Additional features and advantages are realized through the techniques of the present disclosure. Other embodiments and aspects of the disclosure are described in detail herein and are considered a part of the claimed disclosure.
In a non-limiting embodiment of the disclosure, a bipolar plate for a fuel cell is disclosed. The bipolar plate includes a chamber and an inlet which is defined at one end of the chamber to receive fluid. Further, the bipolar plate includes an outlet which is defined at another end opposite to the inlet to dispense the fluid out of the chamber. Furthermore, the bipolar plate includes a plurality of projections that are defined on a surface of the chamber and positioned in a spaced apart configuration from each other. The plurality of projections are defined with a tapered profile which extend from the surface of the chamber and are configured to deflect the fluid around and over the tapered profile. The configuration of the plurality of projections on the surface of the chamber prevent water blockage in the bipolar plate and the tapered

configuration of the plurality of projections divert fluids towards a gas diffusion layer and a proton exchange membrane of the fuel cell to increase reactant concentration and the current density of the fuel cell.
In an embodiment, the plurality of projections and a space between each of the plurality of projections are at a ratio of 1:1.
In an embodiment, the plurality of projections are defined with a leading edge oriented towards the inlet to receive fluid from the surface of the chamber and a trailing edge opposite to the leading edge oriented towards the outlet.
In an embodiment, the leading edge of the plurality of projections is flush with the surface of the chamber and the trailing edge of the plurality of projections is tapered from the leading edge away from the surface of the chamber.
In an embodiment, the plurality of projections are defined with a curved profile between the leading edge and the trailing edge.
In an embodiment, the plurality of projections are defined with an increasing surface area from the leading edge towards the trailing edge.
In an embodiment, the bipolar plate includes at least one porous matrix which is positioned in at least one of a downstream of the inlet and an upstream of the outlet for humidifying air.
In another non-limiting embodiment of the disclosure, a fuel cell is disclosed. The fuel cell includes a proton exchange membrane and a gas diffusion layer, which is positioned on either side of the proton exchange membrane. Further, the fuel cell includes a bipolar plate which may be positioned adjacent to the gas diffusion layer and away from the proton exchange membrane. The bipolar plate includes a chamber and an inlet which is defined at one end of the chamber to receive fluid. Furthermore, the bipolar plate includes an outlet which is defined at another end opposite to the inlet to dispense the fluid out of the chamber. Additionally, the bipolar plate includes a plurality of projections that are defined on a surface of the chamber and positioned in a spaced apart configuration from each other. The plurality of projections are defined with a tapered profile which extend from the surface of the chamber and are configured to deflect the fluid around and over the tapered profile.

It is to be understood that the aspects and embodiments of the disclosure described above may be used in any combination with each other. Several of the aspects and embodiments may be combined together to form a further embodiment of the disclosure.
The foregoing summary is illustrative only and is not intended to be in any way limiting. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further aspects, embodiments, and features will become apparent by reference to the drawings and the following detailed description.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING FIGURES
The novel features and characteristic of the disclosure are set forth in the appended claims. The disclosure itself, however, as well as a preferred mode of use, further objectives and advantages thereof, will best be understood by reference to the following detailed description of an illustrative embodiment when read in conjunction with the accompanying figures. One or more embodiments are now described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying figures wherein like reference numerals represent like elements and in which:
Fig. 1 illustrates a perspective view of a fuel cell, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 illustrates a schematic top view of a bipolar plate of the fuel cell, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3a illustrates a magnified top view of a portion ‘A’ of Fig. 2, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3b illustrates a magnified perspective view of the portion ‘A’ of Fig. 2, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 4a illustrates a top view of flow characteristics around and over a projection on a chamber of the bipolar plate, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 4b illustrates a side view of the flow characteristics over the projection on the chamber of the bipolar plate, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

The figures depict embodiments of the disclosure for purposes of illustration only. One skilled in the art will readily recognize from the following description that alternative embodiments of the structures and methods illustrated herein may be employed without departing from the principles of the disclosure described herein.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The foregoing has broadly outlined the features and technical advantages of the present disclosure in order that the detailed description of the disclosure that follows may be better understood. Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be described hereinafter which form the subject of the claims of the disclosure. It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the conception and specific embodiment disclosed may be readily utilized as a basis for modifying or designing other mechanism for carrying out the same purposes of the present disclosure. It should also be realized by those skilled in the art that such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of the disclosure as set forth in the appended claims. The novel features which are believed to be characteristic of the disclosure, both as to its organization and method of operation, together with further objects and advantages will be better understood from the following description when considered in connection with the accompanying figures. It is to be expressly understood, however, that each of the figures is provided for the purpose of illustration and description only and is not intended as a definition of the limits of the present disclosure.
The terms “comprises”, “comprising”, or any other variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that an assembly, device or method that comprises a list of components or steps does not include only those components or steps but may include other components or steps not expressly listed or inherent to such setup or device or method. In other words, one or more elements in a system or apparatus proceeded by “comprises… a” does not, without more constraints, preclude the existence of other elements or additional elements in the system or apparatus.
Henceforth, the present disclosure is explained with the help of figures of bipolar plate for a fuel cell. However, such exemplary embodiments should not be construed as limitations of the present disclosure. A person skilled in the art can envisage various such embodiments without deviating from scope of the present disclosure. Further, it is to be noted that the bipolar plate assembly may be used in any fuel cell stack.

Fig. 1, is an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure illustrating a perspective view of a fuel cell (200). The fuel cell (200) may include a proton exchange membrane (102) which may facilitate electrochemical reactions. Further, the fuel cell (200) may include a gas diffusion layer (101) which may be positioned on either sides of the proton exchange membrane (102). In an embodiment, the gas diffusion layer (101) may be made of a porous material which may be capable of receiving fluids. Additionally, the fuel cell (200) may include a bipolar plate (100) which may be positioned adjacent to the gas diffusion layer (101) and away from the proton exchange membrane (102). In an embodiment, the bipolar plate (100) may be positioned adjacent to both the gas diffusion layers (101) which may be positioned on both sides of the proton exchange membrane (102). The bipolar plate (100) may be configured to operate as either an anode or a cathode when positioned adjacent to the gas diffusion layer (101). For illustrative purpose and for understanding, the fuel cell (200) depicted in Fig. 1, may be considered as a hydrogen fuel cell (200), which may be capable of producing current with supply of hydrogen and air. In an embodiment, the anode of the fuel cell (200) may be configured to receive hydrogen and the cathode of the fuel cell (200) may be configured to receive air. The fuel cell (200) may be configured to transform chemical energy liberated during the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen to electrical energy. Also, the bipolar plate (100) of the present disclosure may be employed in a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell for use in vehicle applications. However, one should not consider such application as limitation to the present disclosure.
Further, Fig. 2 illustrates schematic view of the bipolar plate (100). The bipolar plate (100) may include a chamber (3) which may define a flow surface for the fluid [as seen in Fig. 4a]. Additionally, the bipolar plate (100) may be include an inlet (1) which may be defined at one end of the chamber (3) to receive fluid. In an embodiment, the fluid may be including but not limited to hydrogen, air and any other fluid which may be capable of producing chemical reactions in the fuel cell (200). Furthermore, the bipolar plate (100) may include an outlet (2) which may be defined at another end of the chamber (3) which may be opposite to the inlet (1). The outlet (2) may be adapted to dispense fluid out of the chamber (3). In an embodiment, a gasket may be positioned in bipolar plate (100) to prevent unwanted material from entering the chamber (3). Further, the bipolar plate (100) may include a plurality of projections (4) which may be defined on a surface of the chamber (3). The plurality of projections (4) may be configured to distribute the fluid throughout the chamber (3). The plurality of projections (4)

may be positioned in a spaced apart configuration. The spaced apart configuration of the plurality of projections (4) allows un-obstructed flow of fluid flowing over the surface of the chamber (3). In an embodiment, the spaced apart configuration of the plurality of projections (4) aids in preventing blockage of the chamber (3) upon formation of water in the cathode of the fuel cell (200). For example, when the hydrogen ions from the gas diffusion layer (101) after electrolysis interacts with the oxygen molecules in the air fed into the bipolar plate (100), water may be formed and the water may be dispensed out of the bipolar plate (100) without obstructions out of the chamber (3) through the outlet (2), thereby preventing flooding of the bipolar plate (100). In an embodiment, the plurality of projections (4) and a space defined between each of the plurality of projections (4) which may be formed on the surface of the chamber (3) may be defined in dimensional ratio of 1:1. The configuration of the plurality of projections (4) positioned spaced apart from each other enables production of maximum current density in the bipolar plate (100), and in-turn the fuel cell (200).
Referring now to Figs. 3a and 3b, which illustrate a magnified view of the plurality of projections (4) over the surface of the chamber (3). The plurality of projections (4) may be defined with a tapered profile. The tapered profile may extend from the surface of the chamber (3) and may be configured to deflect the fluid around the plurality of projections (4) and also over the plurality of projections (4). In an embodiment, the plurality of projections (4) may extend from the surface of the chamber (3) towards the gas diffusion layer (101) when the bipolar plate (100) may be positioned in the fuel cell (200). In an embodiment, the plurality of projections (4) may be formed by including but not limited to machining, bonding, forming, casting and the like. Further, the plurality of projections (4) may be made of a material which may be similar to the material of the bipolar plate (100) or may be formed by any other material suitable for fuel cell (200) operation. Additionally, as seen in Figs. 3a and 3b, the wherein the plurality of projections (4) may be defined with a leading edge (4a) which may be oriented towards the inlet (1) to receive fluid from the surface of the chamber (3). Further, the plurality of projections (4) may be defined with a trailing edge (4b) opposite to the leading edge (4a), which may be oriented towards the outlet (2). For example, the fluid flowing through the chamber (3) is adapted to come in contact with the leading edge (4a) of the plurality of projections (4) and may be adapted to flow over the leading edge (4a) and/or around the leading edge (4a) [as seen in Fig. 4a]. The fluid flowing over the plurality of projections (4) may be forced into the gas distribution layer of the fuel cell (200), thereby increasing the chemical

reactions at the proton exchange membrane (102). Therefore, the configuration of the plurality of projections (4) aids in increasing the current density and production of the fuel cell (200).
In an embodiment, the leading edge (4a) of the plurality of projections (4) may be defined substantially level or flush with the surface of the chamber (3) and the trailing edge (4b) of the plurality of projections (4) may be tapered from the leading edge (4a) away from the surface of the chamber (3). Further, in an embodiment, the plurality of projections (4) may be defined with a curved profile between the leading edge (4a) and the trailing edge (4b), however, this should not be construed as a limitation as the plurality of projections (4) may be defined with a straight profile between the leading edge (4a) and the trailing edge (4b). Additionally, in an embodiment, the plurality of projections (4) may be defined with an increasing surface area or a tapering surface area from the leading edge (4a) towards the trailing edge (4b). For example, in the illustrative embodiment, as seen in Figs. 3a-4b, the plurality of projections (4) may be defined with a profile which may be similar to a teardrop profile. The leading edge (4a) of the plurality of projections (4) may be defined with a pointed edge or may be defined as a diverging edge and the trailing edge (4b) may be defined with a bulge portion or may be defined as a blunt/chamfered end. However, the profile of the plurality of projections (4) should not be limited to the profile depicted in the Figs as the plurality of projections (4) may be defined with any other profile which may be aid in forming a flow path for the fluid to traverse around and also over the plurality of projections (4). The configuration of the plurality of projections (4) facilitates increased turbulence of the fluid flowing in the chamber (3) which in-turn increases the current density of the fuel cell (200). Additionally, the plurality of projections (4) aid in uniform supply of fluid (that is, hydrogen or air) over the entire area of the chamber (3).
It is to be understood that, the configuration of the tapered and curved shaped plurality of projections (4) are exemplary configurations. One skilled in the art may make the projections (4) in a substantially oval, conical, triangular and substantially rhombus shape. Such modifications and variations may be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, it is intended that the present disclosure covers such modifications and variations provided they come within the ambit of the appended claims and their equivalents. In an embodiment, the plurality of projections (4) may be defined with any profile which may resemble an aerofoil profile suitable for diverting fluid over and around the profile body.
In an embodiment, the bipolar plate (100) may include at least one porous matrix (5) which may be positioned in at least one of a downstream of the inlet (1) and an upstream of the outlet

(2) for humidifying air in the bipolar plate (100). The at least one porous matrix (5) may be configured to capture water generated in the chamber (3) of the bipolar plate (100) and may humidify the air passing through the at least one porous matrix (5) when the air enters through the inlet (1) or the air flowing proximal to the outlet (2). The humidification is essential in the bipolar plate (100) as humidified air may be better suited for generation of current. Thus, the at least one porous matrix (5) positioned in the bipolar plate (100) eliminates requirement for a humidifier and additional water in the fuel cell (200). In an embodiment, the self-humidification of the air, saves energy required for humidifying the air thereby increasing the efficiency of the fuel cell (200).
In an operational embodiment, the bipolar plate (100) may be considered as a cathode in a hydrogen fuel cell (200). During operation of the fuel cell (200), air may be fed into the bipolar plate (100) through the inlet (1). The air entering the chamber (3) may be humidified, as the air passes through the at least one porous matrix (5) positioned downstream of the inlet (1). In an embodiment, the at least one porous matrix (5) may capture water generated in the bipolar plate (100) during operation and may be configured to humidify the air entering the chamber (3) for increased electrical efficiency. Further, referring now to Figs. 4a and 4b, upon the air entering the chamber (3), the air may come in contact with the plurality of projections (4). The teardrop profile of the plurality of projections (4) with the leading edge (4a) being a diverging edge of the plurality of projections (4) may divert a portion of the air around the plurality of projection. Further, the profile of the plurality of projection may allow a portion of air not diverted to flow over the plurality of projections (4). The air flowing over the plurality of projections (4) may be forced towards the gas diffusion layer (101) of the fuel cell (200), such that the air enters the gas diffusion layer (101). This configuration of the plurality of projections (4) on the surface of the chamber (3) increases the volume of air entering the gas diffusion layer (101), thereby increasing the electrical efficiency of the fuel cell (200).
In an embodiment, the chamber (3) of the bipolar plate (100) may be defined with plurality of stampings which may be defined along the inlet (1) and the outlet (2) which prevent choking of flow of fluid.
In an embodiment, the configuration of the plurality of projections (4), the inlet (1) and the outlet (2) enables manufacturing of the bipolar plate (100) with low thickness. The bipolar plate (100) is simple in construction and easy to manufacture. Further, the configuration of the

plurality of projections (4) and the at least one porous matrix (5) facilitates effective cooling of the bipolar plate (100) thereby increasing the life of the bipolar plate (100).
In an embodiment, the plurality of projections (4) formed over the surface of the chamber (3) provides structural strength to the bipolar plate (100) and increases stack integrity when employed in a stack of fuel cells (200).
In an embodiment, the configuration of the bipolar plate (100) enables conduction of current from the anode of one fuel cell (200) to the cathode of another fuel cell (200).
In an embodiment, the bipolar plate (100) is less prone for fouling, since high turbulence may be induced in the hydrogen and air distribution chamber (3) by the configuration of the plurality of projections (4).
It should be imperative that the bipolar plate and any other elements described in the above detailed description should not be considered as a limitation with respect to the figures. Rather, variation to such system and method should be considered within the scope of the detailed description.
Equivalents:
With respect to the use of substantially any plural and/or singular terms herein, those having skill in the art can translate from the plural to the singular and/or from the singular to the plural as is appropriate to the context and/or application. The various singular/plural permutations may be expressly set forth herein for sake of clarity.
It will be understood by those within the art that, in general, terms used herein, and especially in the appended claims (e.g., bodies of the appended claims) are generally intended as “open” terms (e.g., the term “including” should be interpreted as “including but not limited to,” the term “having” should be interpreted as “having at least,” the term “includes” should be interpreted as “includes but is not limited to,” etc.). It will be further understood by those within the art that if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is intended, such an intent will be explicitly recited in the claim, and in the absence of such recitation no such intent is present. For example, as an aid to understanding, the following appended claims may contain usage of the introductory phrases “at least one” and “one or more” to introduce claim recitations. However, the use of such phrases should not be construed to imply that the

introduction of a claim recitation by the indefinite articles “a” or “an” limits any particular claim containing such introduced claim recitation to inventions containing only one such recitation, even when the same claim includes the introductory phrases “one or more” or “at least one” and indefinite articles such as “a” or “an” (e.g., “a” and/or “an” should typically be interpreted to mean “at least one” or “one or more”); the same holds true for the use of definite articles used to introduce claim recitations. In addition, even if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is explicitly recited, those skilled in the art will recognize that such recitation should typically be interpreted to mean at least the recited number (e.g., the bare recitation of “two recitations,” without other modifiers, typically means at least two recitations, or two or more recitations). Furthermore, in those instances where a convention analogous to “at least one of A, B, and C, etc.” is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention (e.g., “a system having at least one of A, B, and C” would include but not be limited to systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and/or A, B, and C together, etc.). In those instances where a convention analogous to “at least one of A, B, or C, etc.” is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention (e.g., “a system having at least one of A, B, or C” would include but not be limited to systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and/or A, B, and C together, etc.). It will be further understood by those within the art that virtually any disjunctive word and/or phrase presenting two or more alternative terms, whether in the description, claims, or drawings, should be understood to contemplate the possibilities of including one of the terms, either of the terms, or both terms. For example, the phrase “A or B” will be understood to include the possibilities of “A” or “B” or “A and B.”
In addition, where features or aspects of the disclosure are described in terms of Markush groups, those skilled in the art will recognize that the disclosure is also thereby described in terms of any individual member or subgroup of members of the Markush group.
While various aspects and embodiments have been disclosed herein, other aspects and embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The various aspects and embodiments disclosed herein are for purposes of illustration and are not intended to be limiting, with the true scope.

Referral Numerals:

Reference Number Description
100 Bipolar plate
101 Gas diffusion layer
102 Proton exchange membrane
200 Fuel cell
1 Inlet
2 Outlet
3 Chamber
4 Projections
4a Leading edge
4b Trailing edge
5 Matrix

We claim:
1. A bipolar plate (100) for a fuel cell (200), the bipolar plate (100) comprising:
a chamber (3);
an inlet (1) defined at one end of the chamber (3) to receive fluid;
an outlet (2) defined at another end opposite to the inlet (1) to dispense the fluid out of the chamber (3); and
a plurality of projections (4) defined on a surface of the chamber (3) and positioned in a spaced apart configuration from each other, the plurality of projections (4) are defined with a tapered profile extending from the surface of the chamber (3) and configured to deflect the fluid around and over the tapered profile.
2. The bipolar plate (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of projections (4) and a space between each of the plurality of projections (4) are at a ratio of 1:1.
3. The bipolar plate (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of projections (4) are defined with a leading edge (4a) oriented towards the inlet (1) to receive fluid from the surface of the chamber (3) and a trailing edge (4b) opposite to the leading edge (4a) oriented towards the outlet (2).
4. The bipolar plate (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the leading edge (4a) of the plurality of projections (4) is flush with the surface of the chamber (3) and the trailing edge (4b) of the plurality of projections (4) is tapered from the leading edge (4a) away from the surface of the chamber (3).
5. The bipolar plate (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of projections (4) are defined with a curved profile between the leading edge (4a) and the trailing edge (4b).
6. The bipolar plate (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of projections (4) are defined with an increasing surface area from the leading edge (4a) towards the trailing edge (4b).
7. The bipolar plate (100) as claimed in claim 1 comprises at least one porous matrix (5) positioned in at least one of a downstream of the inlet (1) and an upstream of the outlet (2) for humidifying air.

8. A fuel cell (200), comprising:
a proton exchange membrane (102);
a gas diffusion layer (101), positioned on either side of the proton exchange membrane (102); and
a bipolar plate (100) positioned adjacent to the gas diffusion layer (101) away from the proton exchange membrane (102), the bipolar plate (100) comprising:
a chamber (3);
an inlet (1) defined at one end of the chamber (3) to receive fluid;
an outlet (2) defined at another end opposite to the inlet (1) to dispense the fluid out of the chamber (3); and
a plurality of projections (4) defined on a surface of the chamber (3) and positioned in a spaced apart configuration from each other, the plurality of projections (4) are defined with a tapered profile extending from the surface of the chamber (3) towards the gas diffusion layer (101) and configured to deflect the fluid around and over the tapered profile.
9. The fuel cell (200) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of projections (4) and a space between each of the plurality of projections (4) are at a ratio of 1:1.
10. The fuel cell (200) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of projections (4) are defined with a leading edge (4a) oriented towards the inlet (1) to receive fluid from the surface of the chamber (3) and a trailing edge (4b) opposite to the leading edge (4a) oriented towards the outlet (2).
11. The bipolar plate (100) as claimed in claim 1 comprises at least one porous matrix (5) positioned in at least one of a downstream of the inlet (1) and an upstream of the outlet (2) for humidifying air.