Claims:CLAIMS

We Claim:

1. A botanical acaricide composition for controlling the plant acari comprising synergistically effective combination of leaf extract of Menthapiperitaor phytoconstituents such as cineole, menthol, limonene, carvone extracted from any botanical source or chemical synthesized; leaf extract of Cymbopogoncitratus or phytoconstituents such as cis and trans- citral , limonene, caryophyllene,neral, ß-myrecene, geraniol extracted from any botanical source like species of Cymbopogon or chemical synthesized; seed extract of Brassica napus; dry fruit extract of Piper nigrum or phytoconstituents such as ß-caryophyllene, 3-carene , eugenol , D-limonene , zingiberene extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized; dry rhizomes extract of Acoruscalamus or phytoconstituents such as ß asarone , camphene , ß ocimene, camphor extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized; dry bulb extract of Allium sativumor phytoconstituents such as diallylsulphate, alliin, ajoene, allicin extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized; adjuvant, non-ionic emulsifier, anionic emulsifier and carrier oil at defined concentrations.

2. The botanical acaricide composition according to claim 1, wherein the leaf extract of Menthapiperitaor phytoconstituents such as cineole, menthol, limonene, carvone extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized ranges from 0.001% to 35%; leaf extract of Cymbopogoncitratus or phytoconstituents such as cis and trans- citral , limonene, caryophyllene,neral, ß-myrecene , geraniol extracted from any botanical source like species of Cymbopogon or chemically synthesized ranges from 0.001% to 40%; seed extract of Brassica napus ranges from 0.001% to 25%; dried fruit extract of Piper nigrumor phytoconstituents such as ß-caryophyllene, 3-carene , eugenol , D-limonene , zingiberene extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized ranges from 0.001% to 25%; dry rhizomes extract of Acoruscalamus or phytoconstituents such as ß asarone , camphene , ß ocimene, camphor extracted from botanical source or chemically synthesized ranges from 0.001% to 25%; dry bulb extract of Allium sativumor phytoconstituents such as diallylsulphate, alliin, ajoene, allicin extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized ranges from 0.001% to 25%;adjuvant ranges from 0.001% to 75%; non-ionic emulsifier ranges from 0.001% to 20%; anionic emulsifier ranges from 0.001% to 25%; and carrier oil ranges from 0.001% to 75% respectively.

3. The botanical acaricide composition according to claim 1, wherein the plant acari includes mites of Tetranychidae family such as spider mites, red mites, yellow mites of Tetranychus genera.

4. The botanical acaricide composition according to claim 1, wherein the adjuvant includes but not limited to silicone polyether, amine surfactant or amine surfactant ingredient, lecithin, polyethylene oxide, polyethylene and the like.

5. The botanical acaricide composition according to claim 1, wherein the carrier oil includes but not limited to seed oil of Anethumgraveolens, Pongamaiapinnata oil, Azadirachtaindica oil, castor oil, fish oil, Sesamumindicumoil, Brassica junceaoil and the like.

6. The botanical pesticide composition according to claim 1, wherein the said composition is used to control different species of mites such as but not limited to Tetranychusurticae, Tetranychuscinnabarinus, Tetranychusneocoledonicus, Oligonicusmagniferus, Oligonicuspunicae and Eutetranychusorientalis.

7. The botanical acaricide composition according to claim 1, wherein the said composition exhibiting synergism at specific concentration is useful for controlling plant acari and to protect agriculture,olericulture, floriculture, horticulture, medicinal and economic plants.

8. The botanical acaricide composition according to claim 1, wherein the mode of application of said composition consist of spraying such as foliar sprays and sprays to be applied to the plant shoots.

9. The botanical acaricide composition according to claim 1, wherein the plant-based chemicals including alkaloids, phytosterols, polyphenols, terpenoids, organosulfur compounds, glycosides are not isolated and hence a holistic approach of phytochemicals from plant to control the plant acari in particular mites is thus employed.

10. A method of preparation of botanical acaricide composition for controlling the plant acari comprising:

a. Extracting 0.001% to 35% of leaf extract of Menthapiperitaor phytoconstituents such as cineole, menthol, limonene, carvone extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized; 0.001% to 40% of leaf extract of Cymbopogoncitratus or phytoconstituents such as cis and trans- citral , limonene, caryophyllene,neral, ß-myrecene , geraniol extracted from any botanical source like species of Cymbopogon or chemically synthesized;0.001% to 25% of seed extract of Brassica napus;0.001% to 25% of dried fruit extract of Piper nigrumor phytoconstituents such as ß-caryophyllene, 3-carene , eugenol , D-limonene , zingiberene extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized; 0.001% to 25% of dry rhizomes extract of Acoruscalamus or phytoconstituents such as ß asarone , camphene , ß ocimene, camphor extracted from botanical source or chemically synthesized; 0.001% to 25% of dry bulb extract of Allium sativumor phytoconstituents such as diallylsulphate, alliin, ajoene, allicin extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesizedby using plurality of extraction techniques;
b. mixing the obtained extracts at given proportion along with 0.001% to 75% of adjuvant, 0.001% to 25% of anionic emulsifier and 0.001% to 20 % of non-ionic emulsifier;
c. blending the obtained mixture with 0.001% to 75% of carrier oils;
d. stirring the obtained mixture at 200RPM to 800 RPM at 350 C to 650 C in closed mixing vessel made up of stainless steel 316 grade with outer jacket for maintaining temperature, stirrersuch as blade stirrer, propeller stirrer, turbine stirrer, anchor stirrer or universal stirrer for continuous stirring, vessel homogenizer towards the bottom with the speed of 2800 RPM to reduce the particle size under very high pressure, sheer, turbulence, acceleration and impact to make more stable and effective;
e. passing the obtained mixture through in line shear pump with the speed of 1800RPM to 3600 RPM to reduce the particle size to nano, thereby achieving nano emulsion with particle size ranging from 10 to 900 nm;
f. passing the material thus obtained through the filter consisting seven layers of membrane filters with pore size less than 10 µm in order to achieve proper filtration; and
g. Finally, the product thus obtained is used for commercialization and field trails.

11. The method of preparation of botanical acaricide composition according to claim 10, wherein the extraction techniques includes such as not limited to solvent extraction, oleoresin, steam distillation, super critical carbon-dioxide extraction and the like.

12. The method of preparation of botanical acaricide composition according to claim 11, wherein the solvent used in the solvent extraction consist of methanol, Hexane, Acetone, Ethyl acetate, butanol and ethanol.

DATED THIS 06thday of June, 2020

GARGI AMOL PHADATARE (IN/PA/2209)
PATENT AGENT OF APPLICANT

, Description:
FORM – 2

THE PATENTS ACT, 1970
(39 of 1970)

&

THE PATENTS RULES, 2003

COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(See section 10 and rule 13)

A BOTANICAL ACARICIDE COMPOSITION AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF

KAY BEE BIO ORGANICS PVT LTD
An Indian Company of
At Post- Sastewadi, Khunte Road,
Taluka:Phaltan, District: Satara, State: Maharashtra,
Country: India, Pin Code: 415523

The following specification particularly describes the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed.

A) TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention generally relates to eco-friendly botanical acaricide compounds, formulations, methods of preparation and application and utilities thereof. In particular the present invention relates to botanical acaricide exhibiting synergism at specific concentration to control the plant acari and thereby to protect the agriculture, horticulture, olericulture and floricultural crops. Specifically, the present invention relates to botanical acaricides containing no level or substantially lower levels of chemicals. More specifically, the present invention provides for botanical acaricide composition, process of preparing botanical acaricides that are relatively inexpensive to prevent the plant acari.

B) BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Pesticides are chemical compounds that are used to kill pests which include insects, rodents, fungi, bacteria and unwanted plants (weeds). These pests can cause damage to crops which can ultimately lead to decrease in food production throughout the world, reduction in crop quality and increase in harvesting cost. Therefore, the current practice to control the destructive pest is application of pesticides containing synthetic chemical compounds.

[0003] Synthetic chemical pesticides are highly toxic and lethal for pest as well as the person, who is exposed directly or indirectly, if not handled with almost care. However, in race of obtaining maximum productivity from crops, one is extensively using the chemical pesticides which results in detrimental environmental effects that are harmful to humans and other animals. Initially the chemical pesticide was effective in controlling or killing the pests on crops. However, with repeated application of the chemical pesticides leads to develop tolerance and resistance to the pesticides by the pests. Hence, the current scenario is, if any chemical pesticide loses its effectiveness, other synthetic chemical pesticide that the pest has not developed resistance are utilized. Therefore, the cycle of adding constant new synthetic chemicals to control the pests leads to release of toxic chemicals in the environment which are hazardous to human and environment. Non selective way of action also makes the pesticides undesirable. Moreover, the synthetic chemicals can frequently persist in environment almost indefinitely.

[0004] Furthermore, though it has been over 80 years since the first discovery of a major agricultural pest becoming resistant to a pesticide, it was not until the 1950s that most growers became familiar with pesticide resistance as a result of the widespread development of insect resistance to DDT which later was banned due to its severe toxicity to human ( Reference : ANKERSMIT, GW: "DDT resistance in Plutella maculipennis (Curt.) (Lepidoptera) in Java", BULL. ENTOMOL. RES., vol. 44, 1953, pages 421 – 425).Since then, growers have come to expect the eventual loss of pesticide effectiveness because of resistance. By the mid-1980s, there were records of about 450 resistant species of insects and mites. Examples of resistance to chemical insecticides can be found for any given pest.

[0005] However, the plant feeding mites are amongst the most ravenous phytophagous pests of crops. Synthetic insecticides or acaricides have been used to control these pests, however, resistance to these products has developed with every new product available in the market. Although resistance follows a highly complex genetic and biochemical process, the resistance can normally progress quickly with synthetic products because of the active ingredients, rely on one or more molecules of the same class.

[0006] In particular, the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, is a species of plant- feeding mite that is generally considered as pest. The two-spotted spider mite is the most widely known member of the family Tetranychidae or spider mites. The T. urticae is extremely polyphagous; wherein the T. urticae can feed on hundreds of plants. Hence, the rapid development of resistance in T. urticae is favored by high reproductive potential, extremely short life cycle and arrhenotokous mating system( Refrence:VAN LEEUWEN T ET AL.: "Acaricide resistance mechanisms in the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae and other important Acari: A review", INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, vol. 40, no. 80, 2010, pages 563 - 572).

[0007] Furthermore, a recent study revealed that most of the resistance mutations are spread worldwide, with remarkably variable frequencies. Hence, by sequencing a 1540 bp ace fragment, encompassing the resistance mutations and downstream introns in 139 T. urticae individuals from 27 countries, 6 susceptible and 31 resistant alleles which have arisen from at least three independent mutation events were identified. Therefore, the frequency and distribution of the ace haplotypes varied geographically, suggesting interplay between different mutational events, gene flow and local selection (Refrence: ILIAS A ET AL.: "Global distribution and origin of target site insecticide resistance mutations in Tetranychus urticae", INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, vol. 48, 2014, pages 17 - 28).

[0008] Therefore, the control of spider mites using insecticides has recurrently become challenging because usage of many synthetic insecticides stimulated mite reproduction. For instance, mites reproduce many times faster when exposed to carbaryl, methyl parathion, or dimethoate in the laboratory than untreated populations (Flint 1990). Certainly, it is recognized that spider mites are extremely difficult to control with pesticides and that many pesticides worsen the pest infestation by destroying the natural predators thereof (US 5,839,224). Moreover, Tetranychus urticae has known to be accumulated with considerable number of genes conferring resistance to all major classes of acaricides. Therefore, Tetranychus urticae belongs to number of especially critical cases in which nearly all of the affordable, previously effective pesticides have been depleted.

[0009]In view of the foregoing, there is anongoing need for an alternative measure which are safe to the eco-system, capable of bio-degradable, having multi-mechanism action and are less prone to the development of resistance. There is also a need for an alternative pesticide which comprises reduced utilization of synthetic chemical compounds and is eco-friendly, safe for agriculture and humans.

[0010] The above-mentioned shortcomings, disadvantages and problemsare addressed herein and which will be understood by reading and studying thefollowing specification.

C) OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
[0011] The primary object of the present invention is to provide a synergistic botanical acaricide composition which obviates the limitations as stated above.

[0012] Another object of the present invention is to provide an uniquebotanical acaricide composition consisting of synergistically effective various combination of Mentha piperita or related biomarkers thereof, Cymbopogon citratus or related biomarkers thereof, Brassica napus or related biomarkers thereof, Piper nigrum or related biomarkers thereof, Acorus calamus or related biomarkers thereof, Allium sativum or related biomarkers thereof, adjuvant, non-ionic emulsifier, anionic emulsifier and carrier oil at defined concentrations.

[0013] Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a botanical acaricide composition comprising of various plants extracts exhibiting synergism at specific concentration thereby controls the plant acari and protects agriculture, horticulture, olericulture and floricultural crops.

[0014] Yet another object of the present invention is to provide botanical acaricide, wherein the plant-based chemicals including alkaloids, phytosterols, polyphenols, terpenoids, organosulfur compounds and glycosides are not isolated and have used the holistic approach of phytochemicals from plant to control the plant acari in particular spider mites, red mites, yellow mites more specifically mites from the Tetranychus genera which can be disastrous if not controlled.

[0015] Yet another object of the present invention is to provide botanical acaricide, wherein the botanical extract used as ingredients in formulation are standardized and phyto profile has been explored. Thus, the resultant formulation is been standardized for selected phytochemicals in order to assure quality, as most of the botanical pesticides lacks the standardization.

[0016] Yet another object of the present invention is to provide method of preparation of botanical acaricide and the mode of application of the botanical acaricide.

[0017] Yet another object of the present invention is to provide botanical acaricide comprising natural ingredients such as extracts of plants, used in single or combination or modified to be used as an alternative to synthetic chemical pesticides.

[0018] Yet another object of the present invention is to provide an organic botanical acaricide formulation having a holistic defense approach to control Tetranychidae (mites) family. However, the risk of resistance development is minimized wherein the resistance development is high for synthetic chemical pesticides.

[0019] Yet another object of the present invention is to provide an eco-friendly, non-toxic, bio-degradable and residue free botanical acaricide safe for agriculture and humans.

[0020] These and other objects and advantages of the present inventionwill become readily apparent from the following detailed description taken inconjunction with the accompanying drawings.

D) SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0021] The present invention relates to a botanical acaricide composition for controlling the plant acari in particular spider mites, red mites, yellow mites more specifically mites from the Tetranychus genera. In particular the invention relates to botanical acaricide composition of organic origin prepared by using various botanical extracts from different plant sources, which provide synergistic control against plant infesting acari, more specifically Tetranychidae (mites) family including spider mites, red mites, yellow mites, from the Tetranychus genera which can be disastrous if not controlled. Mites are members of the order Trombidiformes, which consists of large number of genera and species. The present invention is more particularly related to the botanical acaricide compositions, method of making the botanical acaricide compositions, and methods of applying such compositions to plants to control the plant infesting acari in particular Tetranychidae (mites) family including spider mites, red mites, yellow mites from Tetranychus genera.

[0022] According to one embodiment of the present invention provides a botanical acaricide composition for controlling plant acari comprising synergistically effective combination of leaf extract of Mentha piperita or phytoconstituents such as cineole, menthol, limonene, carvone extracted from any botanical source or chemical synthesized; leaf extract of Cymbopogon citratus or phytoconstituents such as cis and trans- citral , limonene, caryophyllene, neral, ß-myrecene, geraniol extracted from any botanical source like species of Cymbopogon or chemical synthesized; seed extract of Brassica napus; dry fruit extract of Piper nigrum or phytoconstituents such as ß-caryophyllene, 3-carene , eugenol , D-limonene , zingiberene extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized; dry rhizomes extract of Acorus calamus or phytoconstituents such as ß asarone , camphene , ß ocimene, camphor extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized; dry bulb extract of Allium sativum or phytoconstituents such as diallyl sulphate, alliin, ajoene, allicin extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized; adjuvant, non-ionic emulsifier, anionic emulsifier and carrier oil at defined concentrations.

[0023] According to one embodiment herein, the botanical acaricide composition comprises by volume approximately from 0.001% to 35% of leaf extract of Mentha piperita or phytoconstituents such as cineole, menthol, limonene, carvone extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized;0.001% to 40% of leaf extract of Cymbopogon citratus or phytoconstituents such as cis and trans- citral , limonene, caryophyllene, neral, ß-myrecene , geraniol extracted from any botanical source like species of Cymbopogon or chemically synthesized;0.001% to 25% of seed extract of Brassica napus;0.001% to 25% of dried fruit extract of Piper nigrum or phytoconstituents such as ß-caryophyllene, 3-carene , eugenol , D-limonene , zingiberene extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized; 0.001% to 25% of dry rhizomes extract of Acorus calamus or phytoconstituents such as ß asarone , camphene , ß ocimene, camphor extracted from botanical source or chemically synthesized; 0.001% to 25% of dry bulb extract of Allium sativum or phytoconstituents such as diallyl sulphate, alliin, ajoene, allicin extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized; 0.001% to 75% of adjuvant, 0.001% to 20% of non-ionic emulsifier, 0.001% to 25% of anionic emulsifier and 0.001% to 75% of carrier oilrespectively.

[0024] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the botanical acaricide is used against plant acari which includes Tetranychidae (mites) family such as spider mites, red mites, yellow mites of Tetranychus genera.

[0025] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the botanical acaricide is used against different species of mites such as but not limited to Tetranychus urticae, Tetranychus cinnabarinus, Tetranychus neocoledonicus, Oligonicus magniferus, Oligonicus punicae and Eutetranychus orientalis. The Eutertranychus orientalis is found causing damage to grape vine.

[0026] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the botanical acaricide exhibiting synergism at specific concentration is useful for controlling plant acari and to protect agriculture, olericulture, floriculture, horticulture, medicinal and economic plants.

[0027] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the mode of application of botanical acaricide incudes spraying such as foliar sprays and sprays to be applied to the plant shoots.

[0028] According to one embodiment of the present invention, provides a method of preparation of botanical acaricide for controlling the plantacari comprising extracting 0.001% to 35% of leaf extract of Mentha piperita or phytoconstituents such as cineole, menthol, limonene, carvone extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized;0.001% to 40% of leaf extract of Cymbopogon citratus or phytoconstituents such as cis and trans-citral, limonene, caryophyllene, neral, ß-myrecene , geraniol extracted from any botanical source like species of Cymbopogon or chemically synthesized;0.001% to 25% of seed extract of Brassica napus;0.001% to 25% of dried fruit extract of Piper nigrum or phytoconstituents such as ß-caryophyllene, 3-carene, eugenol, D-limonene, zingiberene extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized; 0.001% to 25% of dry rhizomes extract of Acorus calamus or phytoconstituents such as ß asarone , camphene , ß ocimene, camphor extracted from botanical source or chemically synthesized; 0.001% to 25% of dry bulb extract of Allium sativum or phytoconstituents such as diallyl sulphate, alliin, ajoene, allicin extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized by using plurality of extraction techniques; mixing the obtained extracts at given proportion along with 0.001% to 75% of adjuvant, 0.001% to 25% of anionic emulsifier and 0.001% to 20% of non-ionic emulsifier; followed by blending the obtained mixture with 0.001% to 75% of carrier oils; stirring the obtained mixture at 200 to 800 RPM at 350 C to 650 C in closed mixing vessel made up of stainless steel 316 grade with outer jacket for maintaining temperature, stirrer such as blade stirrer, propeller stirrer, turbine stirrer, anchor stirrer or universal stirrer for continuous stirring, vessel homogenizer towards the bottom with the speed of 2800 RPM to reduce the particle size under very high pressure, sheer, turbulence, acceleration and impact to make more stable and effective; passing the obtained mixture through in line shear pump with the speed of 1800 RPM to 3600 RPM to reduce the particle size to nano, thereby achieving nano emulsion with particle size ranging from 10 to 900 nm. Further the material obtained is passed through the filter consisting seven layers of membrane filters with pore size less than 10 µm in order to achieve proper filtration. Finally, the product obtained is used for commercialization and field trails.

[0029] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the extraction techniques of the various parts of plurality of plant extracts are carried out by using various extraction techniques such as not limited to solvent extraction, oleoresin, steam distillation and super critical carbon-dioxide extraction. Further, the solvent extraction includes various solvents such as but not limited to methanol, Hexane, Acetone, Ethyl acetate, butanol and ethanol.

[0030] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the adjuvant used in the preparation of botanical acaricide includes but not limited to silicone polyether, amine surfactant or amine surfactant ingredient, lecithin, polyethylene oxide or polyethylene.

[0031] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the carrier oil used in the preparation of botanical acaricide includes but not limited to Seed oil of Anethum graveolens, Pongamaia pinnata oil, Azadirachta indica oil, castor oil, fish oil, Sesamum indicum oil or Brassica juncea oil.

[0032] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the botanical acaricide consisting of plant-based chemicals such as phytochemicals which includes alkaloids, phytosterols, polyphenols, terpenoids, organosulfur compounds and glycosides are not isolated. Hence a holistic approach of phytochemicals from plant to control the mites is thus employed. The mites include mites of the Tetranychus genera such as spider mites, red mites, yellow mites which can be disastrous if not controlled. Hence, the plant extracts used as ingredients in composition are standardized, as well as phyto profile is thus explored. Moreover, the composition is standardized for selected phytochemicals in order to assure the quality, as most of the botanical based acaricides lack the standardization.

[0033] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the in vitro and in vivo trials have been conducted in order to conform the potential outcome of the botanical acaricide to control the mites attack, in competing with the leading commercial synthetic chemical pesticides which are toxic and are not safe to the environment and humans.

[0034] These and other aspects of the embodiments herein will be betterappreciated and understood when considered in conjunction with the followingdescription and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however,that the following descriptions, while indicating the preferred embodiments andnumerous specific details thereof, are given by way of an illustration and not of alimitation. Many changes and modifications may be made within the scope ofthe embodiments herein without departing from the spirit thereof, and theembodiments herein include all such modifications.

E) BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0035] The other objects, features, and advantages will occur to thoseskilled in the art from the following description of the preferred embodiment andthe accompanying drawings in which:
[0036] FIG. 1 illustrates a bio-efficacy of botanical acaricide againstmite infestation on Brinjal plant under field condition, according to an embodimentof the present invention;
[0037] FIG. 1A illustrates an effectiveness of botanical acaricide against mite infestation on Brinjal plant in terms of marketable yield, according to an embodiment of thepresent invention;
[0038] FIG. 2 illustrates bio-efficacy of botanical acaricide against mite infestation on Okra plant under field condition, according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0039] FIG. 2A illustratesan effectiveness of botanical acaricide against mite infestation on Okra plant in terms of marketable yield, according to anembodiment of the present invention;
[0040] FIG. 3 illustrates a bio-efficacy of botanical acaricide against mite infestation on carnation under polyhouse condition, according to an embodiment of the presentinvention; and
[0041] FIG. 4 illustrates a bio-efficacy of botanical acaricide against mite infestation under laboratory condition, according to an embodiment of the presentinvention;

[0042] The specific features of the present invention are shownin some drawings and not in others. This is done for convenience only as eachfeature may be combined with any or all of the other features in accordance withthe present invention.

F) DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0043] The present invention relates to a botanical acaricide composition for controlling the plant acari in particular spider mites, red mites, yellow mites more specifically mites from the Tetranychus genera. In particular the invention relates to botanical acaricide composition of organic origin prepared by using various botanical extracts from different plant sources, which provide synergistic control against plant infesting acari, more specifically Tetranychidae (mites) family including spider mites, red mites, yellow mites, from the Tetranychus genera which can be disastrous if not controlled. Mites are members of the order Trombidiformes, which consists of large number of genera and species. The present invention ismore particularly related to the botanical acaricide compositions, method of making the botanical acaricide compositions, and methods of applying such compositions to plants to control the plant infesting acari in particular Tetranychidae (mites) family including spider mites, red mites, yellow mites from Tetranychus genera.

[0044] Before the present invention is disclosed and described, it is to be understood that this invention is not limited to the particular process steps and materials disclosed herein, as such process steps and materials may vary to some degree. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is used for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting as the scope of the present invention will be limited only by appended claims and equivalents thereof.

[0045] In order to more clearly and concisely describe and point out the subject matter of the claimed invention, the following definitions are provided for specific terms which are used in the following written description.

[0046] The term “acari” when used herein refers to plant infesting acari or phytophagous acari. Similarly, the term “mite” when used herein refers to broadly plant acari.

[0047] The term “botanical” when used herein refers to substance obtained from plants.

[0048] The term “acaricide” and “pesticide” as employed in the specification and claims of the application is confined to the means, which adversely affects the existence, growth of the target organism. Such means may comprise a complete killing action, eradicate, arresting growth, inhibition, reducing in number or any combination thereof.

[0049] The term “emulsion” when used herein refers to a stable mixture of two or more immiscible held in suspension.

[0050] The term “emulsifier” when used herein refers to a substance that stabilizes an emulsion.

[0051] The term “control” and “controlling” when used herein refers to alleviating or abrogating a disorder, disease, or condition, or one or more of the symptoms associated with the disorder, disease, or condition; or alleviating or eradicating the cause(s) of the disorder, disease, or condition itself.

[0052] According to one embodiment of the present invention provides a botanical acaricide composition for controlling plant acari comprising synergistically effective combination of leaf extract of Mentha piperitaor phytoconstituents such as cineole, menthol, limonene, carvone extracted from any botanical source or chemical synthesized; leaf extract of Cymbopogon citratus or phytoconstituents such as cis and trans- citral , limonene, caryophyllene, neral, ß-myrecene, geraniol extracted from any botanical source like species of Cymbopogon or chemical synthesized; seed extract of Brassica napus; dry fruit extract of Piper nigrum or phytoconstituents such as ß-caryophyllene, 3-carene , eugenol , D-limonene , zingiberene extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized; dry rhizomes extract of Acorus calamus or phytoconstituents such as ß asarone , camphene , ß ocimene, camphor extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized; dry bulb extract of Allium sativum or phytoconstituents such as diallyl sulphate, alliin, ajoene, allicin extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized; adjuvant, non-ionic emulsifier, anionic emulsifier and carrier oil at defined concentrations.

[0053] According to one embodiment herein, the botanical acaricide composition comprises by volume approximately from 0.001% to 35% of leaf extract of Mentha piperita or phytoconstituents such as cineole, menthol, limonene, carvone extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized;0.001% to 40% of leaf extract of Cymbopogon citratus or phytoconstituents such as cis and trans- citral , limonene, caryophyllene, neral, ß-myrecene , geraniol extracted from any botanical source like species of Cymbopogon or chemically synthesized;0.001% to 25% of seed extract of Brassica napus;0.001% to 25% of dried fruit extract of Piper nigrum or phytoconstituents such as ß-caryophyllene, 3-carene , eugenol , D-limonene , zingiberene extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized; 0.001% to 25% of dry rhizomes extract of Acorus calamus or phytoconstituents such as ß asarone , camphene , ß ocimene, camphor extracted from botanical source or chemically synthesized; 0.001% to 25% of dry bulb extract of Allium sativum or phytoconstituents such as diallyl sulphate, alliin, ajoene, allicin extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized; 0.001% to 75% of adjuvant, 0.001% to 20% of non-ionic emulsifier, 0.001% to 25% of anionic emulsifier and 0.001% to 75% of carrier oilrespectively.

[0054] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the botanical acaricide is used against plant acari which includes mites of Tetranychidae family such as spider mites, red mites, yellow mites of Tetranychus genera.

[0055] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the botanical acaricide is used against different species of mites such as but not limited to Tetranychus urticae, Tetranychus cinnabarinus, Tetranychus neocoledonicus, Oligonicus magniferus, Oligonicus punicae and Eutetranychus orientalis. The Eutertranychus orientalis is found causing damage to grape vine.

[0056] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the botanical acaricide exhibiting synergism at specific concentration is useful for controlling plant acari and to protect agriculture, olericulture, floriculture, horticulture, medicinal and economic plants.

[0057] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the mode of application of botanical acaricide incudes spraying such as foliar sprays and sprays to be applied to the plant shoots.

[0058] According to one embodiment of the present invention, provides a method of preparation of botanical acaricide for controlling the plant acari comprising extracting 0.001% to 35% of leaf extract of Mentha piperita or phytoconstituents such as cineole, menthol, limonene, carvone extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized;0.001% to 40% of leaf extract of Cymbopogon citratus or phytoconstituents such as cis and trans- citral , limonene, caryophyllene, neral, ß-myrecene , geraniol extracted from any botanical source like species of Cymbopogon or chemically synthesized;0.001% to 25% of seed extract of Brassica napus;0.001% to 25% of dried fruit extract of Piper nigrum or phytoconstituents such as ß-caryophyllene, 3-carene , eugenol , D-limonene , zingiberene extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized; 0.001% to 25% of dry rhizomes extract of Acorus calamus or phytoconstituents such as ß asarone , camphene , ß ocimene, camphor extracted from botanical source or chemically synthesized; 0.001% to 25% of dry bulb extract of Allium sativum or phytoconstituents such as diallyl sulphate, alliin, ajoene, allicin extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized; by using plurality of extraction techniques; mixing the obtained extracts at given proportion along with 0.001% to 75% of adjuvant, 0.001% to 25% of anionic emulsifier and 0.001% to 20% of non-ionic emulsifier; followed by blending the obtained mixture with 0.001% to 75% of carrier oils; stirring the obtained mixture at 200 to 800 RPM at 350 C to 650 C in closed mixing vessel made up of stainless steel 316 grade with outer jacket for maintaining temperature, stirrer such as blade stirrer, propeller stirrer, turbine stirrer, anchor stirrer or universal stirrer for continuous stirring, vessel homogenizer towards the bottom with the speed of 2800 RPM to reduce the particle size under very high pressure, sheer, turbulence, acceleration and impact to make more stable and effective; passing the obtained mixture through in line shear pump with the speed of 1800 RPM to 3600 RPM to reduce the particle size to nano, thereby achieving nano emulsion with particle size ranging from 10 to 900 nm. Further the material obtained is passed through the filter consisting seven layers of membrane filters with pore size less than 10 µm in order to achieve proper filtration. Finally, the product obtained is used for commercialization and field trails.

[0059] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the extraction techniques of the various parts of plurality of plant extracts are carried out by using various extraction techniques such as not limited to solvent extraction, oleoresin, steam distillation and super critical carbon-dioxide extraction. Further, the solvent extraction includes various solvents such as but not limited to methanol, Hexane, Acetone, Ethyl acetate, butanol and ethanol.

[0060] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the adjuvant used in the preparation of botanical acaricide includes but not limited to silicone polyether, amine surfactant or amine surfactant ingredient, lecithin, polyethylene oxide or polyethylene.

[0061] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the carrier oil used in the preparation of botanical acaricide includes but not limited to Seed oil of Anethum graveolens, Pongamaia pinnata oil, Azadirachta indica oil, castor oil, fish oil, Sesamum indicum oil or Brassica juncea oil.

[0062] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the botanical acaricide consisting of plant-based chemicals such as phytochemicals which includes alkaloids, phytosterols, polyphenols, terpenoids, organosulfur compounds and glycosides are not isolated. Hence a holistic approach of phytochemicals from plant to control the mites is thus employed. The mites include mites of the Tetranychus genera such as spider mites, red mites, yellow mites which can be disastrous if not controlled. Hence, the plant extracts used as ingredients in composition are standardized, as well as phyto profile is thus explored. Moreover, the composition is standardized for selected phytochemicals in order to assure the quality, as most of the botanical based acaricides lack the standardization.

[0063] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the in vitro and in vivo trials have been conducted in order to conform the potential outcome of the botanical acaricide to control the mites attack, in competing with the leading commercial synthetic chemical pesticides which are toxic and are not safe to the environment and humans.

[0064] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the FIG.1 illustrates a bio-efficacy of botanical acaricide againstmite infestation on Brinjal plant under field condition. Further the Table 1 provides that the botanical acaricide offers 47.68% to 54.29% of mites mortality after firstday of treatment at dosage of 1 ml to 1.5 ml respectively; 72.39% to 79.40% of mites mortality after third day of treatment at dosage of 1 ml to 1.5 ml respectively; 67.59% to 73.77% of mites mortality after fifth day of treatment at dosage 1 ml to 1.5 ml respectively; and 63.95% to 69.77% of mites mortality after tenth day of treatment at dosage 1ml to 1.5 ml respectively when compared to other pesticides available in the market.

[0065] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the FIG. 1A illustrates an effectiveness of botanical acaricide against mite infestation on Brinjal plant in terms of marketable yield. Further the Table 1 provides the effectiveness of botanical acaricide against mite infestation on Brinjal plant in terms of yield. The Table 1 provides that the botanical acaricide provides 78.5 (52.23) b to 81.2(58.13) a quintals/acre-1 against various pesticides available in the market.
Table 1: Bio-efficacy of botanical acaricide against mites of Brinjal plant under field condition


*DAS: Days after spray
[0066] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the FIG.2 illustrates a bio-efficacy of botanical acaricide against mite infestation on Okra plant under field condition. Further the Table 2 provides the percentage mortality of mite against botanical acaricide vs various pesticides available in the market. The Table 2 provides that the botanical acaricide offers 70.93% to 75.73% of mites mortality after third day of treatment at dosage and 1 ml to 1.5 ml respectively; 67.96% to 69.29% of mites mortality after fifth day of treatment at dosage 1 ml to 1.5 ml respectively; and 63.95% to 65.76% of mites mortality after tenth day of treatment at dosage 1ml to 1.5 ml respectively when compared to other pesticides available in the market.

[0067] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the FIG. 2A illustrates an effectiveness of botanical acaricide against mite infestation on Okra plant in terms of marketable yield. Further the Table 2 provides the effectiveness of botanical acaricide against mite infestation on Brinjal crop in terms of yield. The Table 2 provides that the botanical acaricide provides 8.45 (24.24) a to 8.95 (24.65) a t/ha-1 against various pesticides available in the market.
Table 2 Bio-efficacy of botanical acaricide against mite infestation on Okra plant under field condition

* DAS:Days after spray

[0068] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the FIG.3 illustrates a bio-efficacy of botanical acaricide against mite infestation on carnation under polyhouse condition. Further the Table 3 provides the percentage mortality of mites against botanical acaricide vs various pesticides available in the market. The Table 3 provides that the botanical acaricide offers 57% to 62% of mites mortality after thirdday of treatment at dosage of 1 ml to 1.5 ml respectively; 72% to 75% of mites mortality after fifth day of treatment at dosage of 1 ml to 1.5 ml respectively; and 68% to 70% of mites mortality after seventh day of treatment at dosage 1 ml to 1.5 ml respectively when compared to other pesticides available in the market.

Table 3: Bio-efficacy of botanical acaricide against Mite infestation on Carnation under polyhouse condition
Treat. No. Treatment Dose (per L) Pre-treatment Per cent Mortality
3rd DAS 5th DAS 7th DAS
T1 Botanical acaricide 25% EC 1 ml 15.35 57 72 68
T2 Botanical acaricide 25% EC 1.5 ml 15.65 62 75 70
T3 Propargite 57% EC 1 ml 14.25 35 55 51
T4 Dicofol 18.5% EC 5.4 ml 16.05 38 58 52
T5 Imidacloprid 17.3% SC 0.05 ml 15.25 31 48 42
T6 Profenophos 50% EC 1.5 ml 15.15 29 45 39
T7 Fipronil 5 % SC 1 ml 14.5 29 46 41
T8 Abamectin 1.8% EC 2.5 g 16.25 28 46 42
T9 Dimethoate 30% EC 2 ml 15.25 27 45 41
T10 Sulfur 80 % WDG 1.5 g 14.95 41 57 51
T11 Ethion 50% EC 3 ml 15.25 32 45 40
T12 Fenpyroximate 5% EC 1 ml 14.85 27 42 37
T13 Spiromesifen 22.9% SC 1 ml 15.13 26 43 38
T14 Control (Water spray) - 15.35 0 0 0
* Days after spray

[0069] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the FIG. 4 illustrates a bio-efficacy of botanical acaricide against mite infestation under laboratory condition. Further the Table 4 provides the percentage mortality of mites against botanical acaricide vs various pesticides available in the market. The Table 4 provides that the botanical acaricide offers 70% to 77% of mite mortality after 24 hours of treatment at dosage of 0.5 ml to 1 ml respectively; and 85% to 90% of mite mortality after 48 hours of treatment at dosage of 0.5 ml to 1 ml respectively when compared to other pesticides available in the market.
Table 4: Bio-efficacy of botanical acaricide against Mite infestation under laboratory conditions
Treat. No. Treatment Dose
(per L) Per cent Mortality
After 24 hrs. After 48 hrs.
T1 Botanical acaricide 25% EC 0.5 ml 70 85
T2 Botanical acaricide 25% EC 1 ml 77 90
T3 Propargite 57% EC 1 ml 65 70
T4 Dicofol 18.5% EC 3 ml 67 77
T5 Profenophos 50% EC 1.5 ml 63 68
T6 Fipronil 5 % SC 1 ml 60 67
T7 Abamectin 1.8% EC 2.5 g 58 65
T8 Dimethoate 30% EC 2 ml 67 73
T9 Sulfur 80 % WDG 1.5 g 65 78
T10 Ethion 50% EC 2.5 ml 63 68
T11 Fenpyroximate 5% EC 1 ml 55 63
T12 Spiromesifen 22.9% SC 1 ml 57 65
T13 Control (Water spray) 0 0
SEM ± 0.20 0.15
CV 11.16 14.84
CD (0.05) 2.51 3.07

[0070] The present invention may be more clearly understood with reference to the following examples of the invention which are given by way of example only. One has to consider that the following examples are included to demonstrate certain non-limiting aspects of the invention. It should be appreciated by those of skill in the art that the techniques disclosed in the examples which follow represent techniques discovered by the inventor to function well in the practice of the invention. However, those of skilled in the art should, in light of the present disclosure, appreciate that many changes can be made in the specific embodiments which are disclosed and still obtain a like or similar result without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
[0071] Example 1
Representative botanical acaricide composition 1 and the corresponding method of preparation
An exemplary composition 1 in accordance with the principle of the present invention comprises
Sr No. Ingredient Actual Percent Percent Range
1. Mentha piperita 20% 0.00 1 to 35 %
2. Acorus calamus 5 % 0.001 to 25 %
3. Allium sativum 10 % 0.001 to 25 %
4. Adjuvant 25 % 0.001 to 75 %
5. Non-Ionic Emulsifier 5 % 0.001 to 20 %
6. Anionic Emulsifier 5 % 0.001 to 25 %
7. Carrier oil 30 % 0.001 to 75 %

Method of preparation of botanical acaricide composition 1 comprises the following steps:
1. Extracting leaf extract of Mentha piperita or phytoconstituents such as cineole, menthol, limonene, carvone extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesizedof percentage range about 0.001% to 35% by using various extraction techniques such as but not limited to solvent (methanol, hexane, acetone, ethyl acetate, butanol, ethanol) extract, oleoresin, steam distillation or super critical carbon dioxide extraction.
2. Similarly extracting dry rhizomes of Acorus calamusor phytoconstituents such as ß asarone , camphene , ß ocimene, camphor extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized of percentage range about 0.001% to 25%; and dry bulb extract of Allium sativum or phytoconstituents such as diallyl sulphate, alliin, ajoene, allicin extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized of percentage range of 0.001% to 25% by using various extraction techniques such as but not limited to solvent (methanol, hexane, acetone, ethyl acetate, butanol, ethanol) extract, oleoresin, steam distillation or super critical carbon dioxide extraction.
3. Mixing the obtained extracts with one or more than one adjuvant such as silicone polyether, amine surfactant or amine surfactant ingredient, lecithin, polyethylene oxide or polyethylene in percentage range of 0.001% to 75%.
4. Further, mixing the obtained extracts with anionic emulsifier in percentage range of 0.001% to 25% and non-ionic emulsifier in percentage range 0.001% to 20% respectively.
5. Further blending the obtained mixture with carrier oil such as but limited to seed oil of Anethum graveolens, Pongamaia pinnata oil, Azadirachta indica oil, castor oil, fish oil, Sesamum indicum oil or Brassica juncea oil in a percentage range 0.001% to 75%.
6. Stirring the obtained mixture at 200RPM to 800RPM speed and subjecting to 350C to 650C temperature in closed mixing vessel, wherein the vessel is made up of stainless steel 316 grade consisting of outer jacket for maintaining temperature, connected with stirrer such as blade stirrer, propeller stirrer, turbine stirrer, anchor stirrer or universal stirrer for continuous stirring of the mixture. Further the vessel also comprises homogenizer towards the bottom which runs at a speed of 2800 RPM is attached to reduce the particle size under very high pressure, sheer, turbulence, acceleration and impact to make the particles more stable and effective.
7. Further the obtained mixture is then subjected to line shear pump working at a speed of 1800 RPM to 3600 RPM in order to reduce the particle size of the mixture to nano, so as to achieve the nano emulsion with particle size ranging from 10 nm to 900 nm.
8. After shearing the material is then passed through the filter consisting of seven layers of membrane filters with pore size less than 10 µm to achieve proper filtration.
9. Finally, the product is recovered and is used for commercialization and field trails.
[0072] Example 2
Representative botanical acaricide composition 2 and the corresponding method of preparation
Sr No. Ingredient Actual Percent Percent Range
1. Cymbopogon citratus 10 % 0.001 to 40 %
2. Brassica napus 6 % 0.001 to 25 %
3. Piper nigrum 4 % 0.001 to 25 %
4. Acorus calamus 5 % 0.001 to 25 %
5. Adjuvant 30 % 0.001 to 75 %
6. Non-Ionic Emulsifier 5 % 0.001 to 20 %
7. Anionic Emulsifier 5 % 0.001 to 25 %
8. Carrier oil 35 % 0.001 to 75 %

Method of preparation of botanical acaricide composition 2 comprises the following steps:
1. Extracting leaf extract of Cymbopogon citratus or phytoconstituents such as cis and trans- citral , limonene, caryophyllene, neral, ß-myrecene , geraniol extracted from any botanical source like species of Cymbopogon or chemically synthesizedof percentage range about 0.001% to 40% by using various extraction techniques such as but not limited to solvent (methanol, hexane, acetone, ethyl acetate, butanol, ethanol) extract, oleoresin, steam distillation or super critical carbon dioxide extraction.
2. Similarly extracting seed extract of Brassica napus of percentage range about 0.001% to 25%; dry fruit extract of Piper nigrum or phytoconstituents such as ß-caryophyllene, 3-carene , eugenol , D-limonene , zingiberene extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized of percentage range of 0.001% to 25%; and dry rhizomes extract of Acorus calamus or phytoconstituents such as ß asarone , camphene , ß ocimene, camphor extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized of percentage range of 0.001% to 25% by using various extraction techniques such as but not limited to solvent (methanol, hexane, acetone, ethyl acetate, butanol, ethanol) extract, oleoresin, steam distillation or super critical carbon dioxide extraction.
3. Mixing the obtained extracts with one or more than one adjuvant such as silicone polyether, amine surfactant or amine surfactant ingredient, lecithin, polyethylene oxide or polyethylene in percentage range of 0.001% to 75%.
4. Further, mixing the obtained extracts with anionic emulsifier in percentage range of 0.001% to 25% and non-ionic emulsifier in percentage range 0.001% to 20% respectively.
5. Further blending the obtained mixture with carrier oil such as but limited to seed oil of Anethum graveolens, Pongamaia pinnata oil, Azadirachta indica oil, castor oil, fish oil, Sesamum indicum oil or Brassica juncea oil in a percentage range 0.001% to 75%.
6. Stirring the obtained mixture at 200RPM to 800RPM speed and subjecting to 350C to 650C temperature in closed mixing vessel, wherein the vessel is made up of stainless steel 316 grade consisting of outer jacket for maintaining temperature, connected with stirrer such as blade stirrer, propeller stirrer, turbine stirrer, anchor stirrer or universal stirrer for continuous stirring of the mixture. Further the vessel also comprises homogenizer towards the bottom which runs at a speed of 2800 RPM is attached to reduce the particle size under very high pressure, sheer, turbulence, acceleration and impact to make the particles more stable and effective.
7. Further the obtained mixture is then subjected to line shear pump working at a speed of 1800 RPM to 3600 RPM in order to reduce the particle size of the mixture to nano, so as to achieve the nano emulsion with particle size ranging from 10 nm to 900 nm.
8. After shearing the material is then passed through the filter consisting of seven layers of membrane filters with pore size less than 10 µm to achieve proper filtration.
9. Finally, the product is recovered and is used for commercialization and field trails.

[0073] Example 3
Representative botanical acaricide composition 3 and the corresponding method of preparation
An exemplary composition 3 in accordance with the principle of the present invention comprises
Sr No. Ingredient Actual Percent Percent Range
1. Mentha piperita 23 % 0.00 1 to 35 %
2. Cymbopogon citratus 20 % 0.001 to 40 %
3. Acorus calamus 7 % 0.001 to 25 %
4. Non-Ionic Emulsifier 5 % 0.001 to 20 %
5. Anionic Emulsifier 5 % 0.001 to 25 %
6. Carrier oil 40 % 0.001 to 75 %

Method of preparation of botanical acaricide composition 3 comprises the following steps:
1. Extracting leaf extract of Mentha piperita or phytoconstituents such as cineole, menthol, limonene, carvone extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized of percentage range about 0.001% to 35% by using various extraction techniques such as but not limited to solvent (methanol, hexane, acetone, ethyl acetate, butanol, ethanol) extract, oleoresin, steam distillation or super critical carbon dioxide extraction.
2. Similarly extracting leaf extract of Cymbopogon citratus or phytoconstituents such as cis and trans- citral , limonene, caryophyllene, neral, ß-myrecene , geraniol extracted from any botanical source like species of Cymbopogon or chemically synthesizedof percentage range about 0.001% to 40%; and dry rhizomes extract of Acorus calamus or phytoconstituents such as ß asarone , camphene , ß ocimene, camphor extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized of percentage range of 0.001% to 25% by using various extraction techniques such as but not limited to solvent (methanol, hexane, acetone, ethyl acetate, butanol, ethanol) extract, oleoresin, steam distillation or super critical carbon dioxide extraction.
3. Mixing the obtained extracts with anionic emulsifier in percentage range of 0.001% to 25% and non-ionic emulsifier in percentage range 0.001% to 20% respectively.
4. Further blending the obtained mixture with carrier oil such as but limited to seed oil of Anethum graveolens, Pongamaia pinnata oil, Azadirachta indica oil, castor oil, fish oil, Sesamum indicum oil or Brassica juncea oil in a percentage range 0.001% to 75%.
5. Stirring the obtained mixture at 200RPM to 800RPM speed and subjecting to 350C to 650C temperature in closed mixing vessel, wherein the vessel is made up of stainless steel 316 grade consisting of outer jacket for maintaining temperature, connected with stirrer such as blade stirrer, propeller stirrer, turbine stirrer, anchor stirrer or universal stirrer for continuous stirring of the mixture. Further the vessel also comprises homogenizer towards the bottom which runs at a speed of 2800 RPM is attached to reduce the particle size under very high pressure, sheer, turbulence, acceleration and impact to make the particles more stable and effective.
6. Further the obtained mixture is then subjected to line shear pump working at a speed of 1800 RPM to 3600 RPM in order to reduce the particle size of the mixture to nano, so as to achieve the nano emulsion with particle size ranging from 10 nm to 900 nm.
7. After shearing the material is then passed through the filter consisting of seven layers of membrane filters with pore size less than 10 µm to achieve proper filtration.
8. Finally, the product is recovered and is used for commercialization and field trails.

[0074] Example 4
Representative botanical acaricide composition 4 and the corresponding method of preparation
An exemplary composition 4 in accordance with the principle of the present invention comprises
Sr No. Ingredient Actual Percent Percent Range
1. Mentha piperita 15 % 0.00 1 to 35 %
2. Cymbopogon citratus 10 % 0.001 to 40 %
3. Acorus calamus 4 % 0.001 to 25 %
4. Allium sativum 1 % 0.001 to 25 %
5. Adjuvant 55 % 0.001 to 75 %
6. Non-Ionic Emulsifier 8 % 0.001 to 20 %
7. Anionic Emulsifier 7 % 0.001 to 25 %

Method of preparation of botanical acaricide composition 4 comprises the following steps:
1. Extracting leaf extract of Mentha piperita or phytoconstituents such as cineole, menthol, limonene, carvone extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized of percentage range about 0.001% to 35% by using various extraction techniques such as but not limited to solvent (methanol, hexane, acetone, ethyl acetate, butanol, ethanol) extract, oleoresin, steam distillation or super critical carbon dioxide extraction.
2. Similarly extracting leaf extract of Cymbopogon citratus or phytoconstituents such as cis and trans- citral , limonene, caryophyllene, neral, ß-myrecene , geraniol extracted from any botanical source like species of Cymbopogon or chemically synthesizedof percentage range about 0.001% to 40%; dry rhizomes extract of Acorus calamus or phytoconstituents such as ß asarone , camphene , ß ocimene, camphor extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized of percentage range of 0.001% to 25%; and dry bulb extract of Allium sativum or phytoconstituents such as diallyl sulphate, alliin, ajoene, allicin extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized of percentage range of 0.001% to 25% by using various extraction techniques such as but not limited to solvent (methanol, hexane, acetone, ethyl acetate, butanol, ethanol) extract, oleoresin, steam distillation or super critical carbon dioxide extraction.
3. Mixing the obtained extracts with one or more than one adjuvant such as silicone polyether, amine surfactant or amine surfactant ingredient, lecithin, polyethylene oxide or polyethylene in percentage range of 0.001% to 75%.
4. Further, mixing the obtained extracts with anionic emulsifier in percentage range of 0.001% to 25% and non-ionic emulsifier in percentage range 0.001% to 20% respectively.
5. Stirring the obtained mixture at 200RPM to 800RPM speed and subjecting to 350C to 650C temperature in closed mixing vessel, wherein the vessel is made up of stainless steel 316 grade consisting of outer jacket for maintaining temperature, connected with stirrer such as blade stirrer, propeller stirrer, turbine stirrer, anchor stirrer or universal stirrer for continuous stirring of the mixture. Further the vessel also comprises homogenizer towards the bottom which runs at a speed of 2800 RPM is attached to reduce the particle size under very high pressure, sheer, turbulence, acceleration and impact to make the particles more stable and effective.
6. Further the obtained mixture is then subjected to line shear pump working at a speed of 1800 RPM to 3600 RPM in order to reduce the particle size of the mixture to nano, so as to achieve the nano emulsion with particle size ranging from 10 nm to 900 nm.
7. After shearing the material is then passed through the filter consisting of seven layers of membrane filters with pore size less than 10 µm to achieve proper filtration.
8. Finally, the product is recovered and is used for commercialization and field trails.

[0075] Example 5
Representative botanical acaricide composition 5 and the corresponding method of preparation
An exemplary composition 5 in accordance with the principle of the present invention comprises
Sr No. Ingredient Actual Percent Percent Range
1. Mentha piperita 20 % 0.00 1 to 35 %
2. Cymbopogon citratus 10 % 0.001 to 40 %
3. Adjuvant 50 % 0.001 to 75 %
4. Non-Ionic Emulsifier 13 % 0.001 to 20 %
5. Anionic Emulsifier 7 % 0.001 to 25 %

Method of preparation of botanical acaricide composition 5 comprises the following steps:
1. Extracting leaf extract of Mentha piperita or phytoconstituents such as cineole, menthol, limonene, carvone extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized of percentage range about 0.001% to 35% by using various extraction techniques such as but not limited to solvent (methanol, hexane, acetone, ethyl acetate, butanol, ethanol) extract, oleoresin, steam distillation or super critical carbon dioxide extraction.
2. Similarly extracting leaf extract of Cymbopogon citratus or phytoconstituents such as cis and trans- citral , limonene, caryophyllene, neral, ß-myrecene , geraniol extracted from any botanical source like species of Cymbopogon or chemically synthesizedof percentage range about 0.001% to 40% by using various extraction techniques such as but not limited to solvent (methanol, hexane, acetone, ethyl acetate, butanol, ethanol) extract, oleoresin, steam distillation or super critical carbon dioxide extraction.
3. Mixing the obtained extracts with one or more than one adjuvant such as silicone polyether, amine surfactant or amine surfactant ingredient, lecithin, polyethylene oxide or polyethylene in percentage range of 0.001% to 75%.
4. Mixing the obtained extracts with anionic emulsifier in percentage range of 0.001% to 25% and non-ionic emulsifier in percentage range 0.001% to 20% respectively.
5. Stirring the obtained mixture at 200RPM to 800RPM speed and subjecting to 350C to 650C temperature in closed mixing vessel, wherein the vessel is made up of stainless steel 316 grade consisting of outer jacket for maintaining temperature, connected with stirrer such as blade stirrer, propeller stirrer, turbine stirrer, anchor stirrer or universal stirrer for continuous stirring of the mixture. Further the vessel also comprises homogenizer towards the bottom which runs at a speed of 2800 RPM is attached to reduce the particle size under very high pressure, sheer, turbulence, acceleration and impact to make the particles more stable and effective.
6. Further the obtained mixture is then subjected to line shear pump working at a speed of 1800 RPM to 3600 RPM in order to reduce the particle size of the mixture to nano, so as to achieve the nano emulsion with particle size ranging from 10 nm to 900 nm.
7. After shearing the material is then passed through the filter consisting of seven layers of membrane filters with pore size less than 10 µm to achieve proper filtration.
8. Finally, the product is recovered and is used for commercialization and field trails.

[0076] Example 6
Representative botanical acaricide composition 6 and the corresponding method of preparation
An exemplary composition 6 in accordance with the principle of the present invention comprises
Sr No. Ingredient Actual Percent Percent Range
1. Brassica napus 15 % 0.001 to 25 %
2. Piper nigrum 10 % 0.001 to 25 %
3. Acorus calamus 5 % 0.001 to 25 %
4. Allium sativum 5 % 0.001 to 25 %
5. Adjuvant 25 % 0.001 to 75 %
6. Non-Ionic Emulsifier 5 % 0.001 to 20 %
7. Anionic Emulsifier 5 % 0.001 to 25 %
8. Carrier oil 30 % 0.001 to 75 %

Method of preparation of botanical acaricide composition 6 comprises the following steps:
1. Extracting seed extract of Brassica napus of percentage range about 0.001% to 25% by using various extraction techniques such as but not limited to solvent (methanol, hexane, acetone, ethyl acetate, butanol, ethanol) extract, oleoresin, steam distillation or super critical carbon dioxide extraction.
2. Similarly extracting dry fruit extract of Piper nigrum or phytoconstituents such as ß-caryophyllene, 3-carene , eugenol , D-limonene , zingiberene extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized of percentage range of 0.001% to 25%; dry rhizomes extract of Acorus calamus or phytoconstituents such as ß asarone , camphene , ß ocimene, camphor extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized of percentage range of 0.001% to 25%; and dry bulb extract of Allium sativum or phytoconstituents such as diallyl sulphate, alliin, ajoene, allicin extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized of percentage range of 0.001% to 25% by using various extraction techniques such as but not limited to solvent (methanol, hexane, acetone, ethyl acetate, butanol, ethanol) extract, oleoresin, steam distillation or super critical carbon dioxide extraction.
3. Mixing the obtained extracts with one or more than one adjuvant such as silicone polyether, amine surfactant or amine surfactant ingredient, lecithin, polyethylene oxide or polyethylene in percentage range of 0.001% to 75%.
4. Mixing the obtained extracts with anionic emulsifier in percentage range of 0.001% to 25% and non-ionic emulsifier in percentage range 0.001% to 20% respectively.
5. Further blending the obtained mixture with carrier oil such as but limited to seed oil of Anethum graveolens, Pongamaia pinnata oil, Azadirachta indica oil, castor oil, fish oil, Sesamum indicum oil or Brassica juncea oil in a percentage range 0.001% to 75%.
6. Stirring the obtained mixture at 200RPM to 800RPM speed and subjecting to 350C to 650C temperature in closed mixing vessel, wherein the vessel is made up of stainless steel 316 grade consisting of outer jacket for maintaining temperature, connected with stirrer such as blade stirrer, propeller stirrer, turbine stirrer, anchor stirrer or universal stirrer for continuous stirring of the mixture. Further the vessel also comprises homogenizer towards the bottom which runs at a speed of 2800 RPM is attached to reduce the particle size under very high pressure, sheer, turbulence, acceleration and impact to make the particles more stable and effective.
7. Further the obtained mixture is then subjected to line shear pump working at a speed of 1800 RPM to 3600 RPM in order to reduce the particle size of the mixture to nano, so as to achieve the nano emulsion with particle size ranging from 10 nm to 900 nm.
8. After shearing the material is then passed through the filter consisting of seven layers of membrane filters with pore size less than 10 µm to achieve proper filtration.
9. Finally, the product is recovered and is used for commercialization and field trails.
[0077] Example 7
Representative botanical acaricide composition 7 and the corresponding method of preparation
An exemplary composition 7 in accordance with the principle of the present invention comprises
Sr No. Ingredient Actual Percent Percent Range
1. Mentha piperita 10 % 0.00 1 to 35 %
2. Brassica napus 6 % 0.001 to 25 %
3. Piper nigrum 4 % 0.001 to 25 %
4. Allium sativum 4 % 0.001 to 25 %
5. Adjuvant 25 % 0.001 to 75 %
6. Non-Ionic Emulsifier 5 % 0.001 to 20 %
7. Anionic Emulsifier 5 % 0.001 to 25 %
8. Carrier oil 27 % 0.001 to 75 %

Method of preparation of botanical acaricide composition 7 comprises the following steps:
1. Extracting leaf extract of Mentha piperita or phytoconstituents such as cineole, menthol, limonene, carvone extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized of percentage range about 0.001% to 35% by using various extraction techniques such as but not limited to solvent (methanol, hexane, acetone, ethyl acetate, butanol, ethanol) extract, oleoresin, steam distillation or super critical carbon dioxide extraction.
2. Similarly seed extract of Brassica napus of percentage range about 0.001% to 25%; extracting dry fruit extract of Piper nigrum or phytoconstituents such as ß-caryophyllene, 3-carene , eugenol , D-limonene , zingiberene extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized of percentage range of 0.001% to 25%; and dry bulb extract of Allium sativum or phytoconstituents such as diallyl sulphate, alliin, ajoene, allicin extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized of percentage range of 0.001% to 25% by using various extraction techniques such as but not limited to solvent (methanol, hexane, acetone, ethyl acetate, butanol, ethanol) extract, oleoresin, steam distillation or super critical carbon dioxide extraction.
3. Mixing the obtained extracts with one or more than one adjuvant such as silicone polyether, amine surfactant or amine surfactant ingredient, lecithin, polyethylene oxide or polyethylene in percentage range of 0.001% to 75%.
4. Mixing the obtained extracts with anionic emulsifier in percentage range of 0.001% to 25% and non-ionic emulsifier in percentage range 0.001% to 20% respectively.
5. Further blending the obtained mixture with carrier oil such as but limited to seed oil of Anethum graveolens, Pongamaia pinnata oil, Azadirachta indica oil, castor oil, fish oil, Sesamum indicum oil or Brassica juncea oil in a percentage range 0.001% to 75%.
6. Stirring the obtained mixture at 200RPM to 800RPM speed and subjecting to 350C to 650C temperature in closed mixing vessel, wherein the vessel is made up of stainless steel 316 grade consisting of outer jacket for maintaining temperature, connected with stirrer such as blade stirrer, propeller stirrer, turbine stirrer, anchor stirrer or universal stirrer for continuous stirring of the mixture. Further the vessel also comprises homogenizer towards the bottom which runs at a speed of 2800 RPM is attached to reduce the particle size under very high pressure, sheer, turbulence, acceleration and impact to make the particles more stable and effective.
7. Further the obtained mixture is then subjected to line shear pump working at a speed of 1800 RPM to 3600 RPM in order to reduce the particle size of the mixture to nano, so as to achieve the nano emulsion with particle size ranging from 10 nm to 900 nm.
8. After shearing the material is then passed through the filter consisting of seven layers of membrane filters with pore size less than 10 µm to achieve proper filtration.
9. Finally, the product is recovered and is used for commercialization and field trails.

[0078] Example 8
Representative botanical acaricide composition 8 and the corresponding method of preparation
An exemplary composition 8 in accordance with the principle of the present invention comprises
Sr No. Ingredient Actual Percent Percent Range
1. Cymbopogon citratus 25 % 0.001 to 40 %
2. Adjuvant 40 % 0.001 to 75 %
3. Non-Ionic Emulsifier 5 % 0.001 to 20 %
4. Anionic Emulsifier 5 % 0.001 to 25 %
5. Carrier oil 25 % 0.001 to 75 %

Method of preparation of botanical acaricide composition 8 comprises the following steps:
1. Extracting leaf extract of Cymbopogon citratus or phytoconstituents such as cis and trans- citral , limonene, caryophyllene, neral, ß-myrecene , geraniol extracted from any botanical source like species of Cymbopogon or chemically synthesizedof percentage range about 0.001% to 40% by using various extraction techniques such as but not limited to solvent (methanol, hexane, acetone, ethyl acetate, butanol, ethanol) extract, oleoresin, steam distillation or super critical carbon dioxide extraction.
2. Mixing the obtained extracts with one or more than one adjuvant such as silicone polyether, amine surfactant or amine surfactant ingredient, lecithin, polyethylene oxide or polyethylene in percentage range of 0.001% to 75%.
3. Mixing the obtained extract with anionic emulsifier in percentage range of 0.001% to 25% and non-ionic emulsifier in percentage range 0.001% to 20% respectively.
4. Further blending the obtained mixture with carrier oil such as but limited to seed oil of Anethum graveolens, Pongamaia pinnata oil, Azadirachta indica oil, castor oil, fish oil, Sesamum indicum oil or Brassica juncea oil in a percentage range 0.001% to 75%.
5. Stirring the obtained mixture at 200RPM to 800RPM speed and subjecting to 350C to 650C temperature in closed mixing vessel, wherein the vessel is made up of stainless steel 316 grade consisting of outer jacket for maintaining temperature, connected with stirrer such as blade stirrer, propeller stirrer, turbine stirrer, anchor stirrer or universal stirrer for continuous stirring of the mixture. Further the vessel also comprises homogenizer towards the bottom which runs at a speed of 2800 RPM is attached to reduce the particle size under very high pressure, sheer, turbulence, acceleration and impact to make the particles more stable and effective.
6. Further the obtained mixture is then subjected to line shear pump working at a speed of 1800 RPM to 3600 RPM in order to reduce the particle size of the mixture to nano, so as to achieve the nano emulsion with particle size ranging from 10 nm to 900 nm.
7. After shearing the material is then passed through the filter consisting of seven layers of membrane filters with pore size less than 10 µm to achieve proper filtration.
8. Finally, the product is recovered and is used for commercialization and field trails.
[0079] Example 9
Representative botanical acaricide composition 9 and the corresponding method of preparation
An exemplary composition 9 in accordance with the principle of the present invention comprises
Sr No. Ingredient Actual Percent Percent Range
1. Mentha piperita 25 % 0.001 to 40 %
2. Adjuvant 40 % 0.001 to 75 %
3. Non-Ionic Emulsifier 5 % 0.001 to 20 %
4. Anionic Emulsifier 5 % 0.001 to 25 %
5. Carrier oil 25 % 0.001 to 75 %

Method of preparation of botanical acaricide composition 9 comprises the following steps:
1. Extracting leaf extract of Mentha piperita or phytoconstituents such as cineole, menthol, limonene, carvone extracted from any botanical source or chemically synthesized of percentage range about 0.001% to 40% by using various extraction techniques such as but not limited to solvent (methanol, hexane, acetone, ethyl acetate, butanol, ethanol) extract, oleoresin, steam distillation or super critical carbon dioxide extraction.
2. Mixing the obtained extracts with one or more than one adjuvant such as silicone polyether, amine surfactant or amine surfactant ingredient, lecithin, polyethylene oxide or polyethylene in percentage range of 0.001% to 75%.
3. Mixing the obtained extract with anionic emulsifier in percentage range of 0.001% to 25% and non-ionic emulsifier in percentage range 0.001% to 20% respectively.
4. Further blending the obtained mixture with carrier oil such as but limited to seed oil of Anethum graveolens, Pongamaia pinnata oil, Azadirachta indica oil, castor oil, fish oil, Sesamum indicum oil or Brassica juncea oil in a percentage range 0.001% to 75%.
5. Stirring the obtained mixture at 200RPM to 800RPM speed and subjecting to 350C to 650C temperature in closed mixing vessel, wherein the vessel is made up of stainless steel 316 grade consisting of outer jacket for maintaining temperature, connected with stirrer such as blade stirrer, propeller stirrer, turbine stirrer, anchor stirrer or universal stirrer for continuous stirring of the mixture. Further the vessel also comprises homogenizer towards the bottom which runs at a speed of 2800 RPM is attached to reduce the particle size under very high pressure, sheer, turbulence, acceleration and impact to make the particles more stable and effective.
6. Further the obtained mixture is then subjected to line shear pump working at a speed of 1800 RPM to 3600 RPM in order to reduce the particle size of the mixture to nano, so as to achieve the nano emulsion with particle size ranging from 10 nm to 900 nm.
7. After shearing the material is then passed through the filter consisting of seven layers of membrane filters with pore size less than 10 µm to achieve proper filtration.
8. Finally, the product is recovered and is used for commercialization and field trails.

[0080] From the foregoing discussion, it is apparent that the botanical acaricide composition prepared from the various plant extracts have a holistic defense approach to control the mites in particular mites of the Tetranychus genera such as spider mites, red mites, yellow mites which can be disastrous if not controlled. However, the risk of resistance development of botanical acaricide against the mites is very low when compared to the synthetic chemical pesticides. Therefore, the botanical acaricide composition thus prepared is safe and non-toxic for the environment, bio-degradable and residue free.

[0081] The foregoing description of the specific embodiments will sofully reveal the general nature of the embodiments herein that others can, byapplying current knowledge, readily modify and/or adapt for various applicationssuch specific embodiments without departing from the generic concept, and,therefore, such adaptations and modifications should and are intended to becomprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosedembodiments.

[0082] It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminologyemployed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation.Therefore, while the embodiments herein have been described in terms ofpreferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that theembodiments herein can be practiced with modifications.