DESC:FIELD
The present disclosure relates to a coating composition and a process for its preparation.
DEFINITIONS
As used in the present disclosure, the following terms are generally intended to have the meaning as set forth below, except to the extent that the context in which they are used to indicate otherwise.
Volatile organic compounds: (VOCs) The term “Volatile organic compounds” refers to a class of organic compounds which have a low boiling point and high vapour pressure at room temperature. Consequently, a large number of molecules of the volatile organic compound are present in a gaseous state at room temperature.
Antimicrobial log reduction: The term “Antimicrobial log reduction” is used to express the relative number of living microbes that are eliminated by antimicrobials. In terms of infection control, ‘Log Reductions’ convey how effective a product is at reducing pathogens. The greater the log reduction the more effective the product is at killing bacteria and other pathogens that can cause infections.
Formula: Log reduction = log10 (A) - log 10 (B)
Percent reduction: (A-B) *100/A
where;
A is the number of viable microbes before treatment; and
B is the number of viable microbes after treatment.
Relationship between log reduction and percent reduction:
• 1 log reduction = 90% reduction
• 2 log reduction = 99% reduction
• 3 log reduction = 99.9% reduction
• 4 log reduction = 99.99% reduction
• 5 log reduction = 99.999% reduction
• 6 log reduction = 99.9999% reduction
BACKGROUND
The background information herein below relates to the present disclosure but is not necessarily prior art.
Air pollution occurs when certain gases and particles build up in the atmosphere to such levels that they can cause harm to the human health, causing breathing and respiratory problems, and even resulting in a premature death, as well as damaging the environment. These gases and particles (known as pollutants) tend to come from the man-made sources, including the burning of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, petrol or diesel, but can also come from the natural sources such as volcanic eruptions and forest fires. The pollutants generated from the man-made sources such as automobile industries, power plant, oil refineries, combustion of fuels, and other human activities have raised the level of dangerous greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrous oxides (NOx), and methane (CH4) and deteriorated the atmospheric air quality. The pollution also results from the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) being emitted from carpets, paints, wood stains, adhesives (in wood and plastic products), typical household chemical cleaners, mold, and most scents/perfumes also contribute to the pollution significantly.
The pollutants present in the surrounding air can cause serious health hazards to humans. The presence of the alarming quantities of CO2, CO, NOx and methane in the surrounding air has led to the phenomena of global warming which has an adverse effect on the quality of human life. Chronic exposure to the pollutants present in the air can cause cancer, liver and kidney damage, central nervous system damage, and lowered immune system functioning.
There is, therefore, felt a need for a coating composition that can abate the pollution in the air.
OBJECTS
Some of the objects of the present disclosure, which at least one embodiment herein satisfies, are as follows:
An object of the present disclosure is to ameliorate one or more problems of the prior art or to at least provide a useful alternative.
Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a coating composition.
Still another object of the present disclosure is to provide an effective coating composition which can abate the air pollution and degrade the organic pollutants.
Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide a process for the preparation of the coating composition.
Other objects and advantages of the present disclosure will be more apparent from the following description, which is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.
SUMMARY
The present disclosure relates to a coating composition comprising: an anti-pollution agent in an amount in the range of 0.1 wt.% to 35 wt.% with respect to the total weight of the composition; at least one binder in an amount in the range of 0.5 wt.% to 30 wt.% with respect to the total weight of the composition; at least one pigment in an amount in the range of 1 wt.% to 20 wt.% with respect to the total weight of the composition; at least one dispersing agent in an amount in the range of 1 wt.% to 4 wt.% with respect to the total weight of the composition; at least one surfactant in an amount in the range of 0.1 wt.% to 1 wt.% with respect to the total weight of the composition; at least one coalescing agent in an amount in the range of 1 wt.% to 4 wt.% with respect to the total weight of the composition; at least one filler in an amount in the range of 15 wt.% to 25 wt.% with respect to the total weight of the composition; at least one thickener in an amount in the range of 0.5 wt.% to 3.5 wt.% with respect to the total weight of the composition; at least one stabilizer in an amount in the range of 0.01 wt.% to 1 wt.% with respect to the total weight of the composition; at least one defoamer in an amount in the range of 0.1 wt.% to 1.5 wt.% with respect to the total weight of the composition; at least one additive; and at least one solvent. The anti-pollution agent is selected from anatase titanium dioxide (TiO2), hydrated lime (calcium hydroxide) and a combination thereof.
The present disclosure further provides a process for the preparation of the coating composition. Firstly, predetermined amounts of at least one solvent, at least one softening agent, at least one dispersing agent, at least one defoamer, at least one coalescing agent, at least one surfactant, at least one stabilizer, at least one anti-agglomeration agent are added under stirring for a first predetermined time period at a first predetermined pH, and at a predetermined temperature to obtain a first slurry. Further, predetermined amounts of at least one pigment and at least one anti-pollution agent is slowly added into the first slurry under a first predetermined stirring speed for a second predetermined time period to obtain second slurry. Further, a predetermined amount of at least one thickener is slowly added into the second slurry under stirring for a third predetermined time period to obtain third slurry. Next predetermined amounts of at least one anti-pollution agent, at least one filler, and at least one solvent are slowly added into the third slurry under a second predetermined stirring speed for a fourth predetermined time period to obtain a fourth slurry. A predetermined amount of at least one solvent is added into fourth slurry to obtain fifth slurry. A predetermined amount of coalescing agent is slowly added to the fifth slurry under stirring at a second predetermined pH to obtain a sixth slurry and the sixth slurry further stirred under a third predetermined stirring speed for a fifth predetermined time period. A predetermined amount of at least one thickener and at least one solvent is added the sixth slurry under stirring at a first predetermined flow rate for a sixth predetermined time period to obtain a seventh slurry. The seventh slurry is filtered to obtain the filtrate and at least one binder and at least one defoamer is slowly added into the filtrate to obtain eighth slurry. Then, at least one solvent is added into the eighth slurry and the eighth slurry is further mixed under stirring for a seventh predetermined time period at a third predetermined pH to obtain a ninth slurry and the ninth slurry is filtered to obtain the product in the form of emulsion paint.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Embodiments are provided so as to thoroughly and fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to the person skilled in the art. Numerous details are set forth, relating to specific components, and methods, to provide a complete understanding of embodiments of the present disclosure. It will be apparent to the person skilled in the art that the details provided in the embodiments should not be construed to limit the scope of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, well-known processes, well-known apparatus structures, and well-known techniques are not described in detail.
The terminology used, in the present disclosure, is only for the purpose of explaining a particular embodiment and such terminology shall not be considered to limit the scope of the present disclosure. As used in the present disclosure, the forms "a,” "an," and "the" may be intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly suggests otherwise. The terms "comprises," "comprising," “including,” and “having,” are open-ended transitional phrases and therefore specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, modules, units and/or components, but do not forbid the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. The particular order of steps disclosed in the method and process of the present disclosure is not to be construed as necessarily requiring their performance as described or illustrated. It is also to be understood that additional or alternative steps may be employed.
As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed elements.
Increased emission of the greenhouse gases (CO2, CO, CH4, and NOx) and VOCs in the atmosphere has severely contaminated the surrounding air which has increased the risk to the human life. The presence of greenhouse gases in alarming quantities in the atmosphere is leading to the global warming, increased temperature which has direct negative impact on the human life. The prolonged exposure to the harmful VOCs, for example, benzene, methyl chloride and formaldehyde can cause cancer, liver and kidney damage, central nervous system damage, and lowered immune system functioning. Additionally, the exposure to the formaldehyde has a strong correlation with childhood asthma, and maternal exposure to VOCs during utero development has been correlated with increased eczema in children.
The present disclosure relates to a coating composition and a process for its preparation.
In a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided with a coating composition.
The present disclosure relates to a coating composition comprising: an anti-pollution agent in an amount in the range of 0.1 wt.% to 35 wt.% with respect to the total weight of the composition; at least one binder in an amount in the range of 0.5 wt.% to 30 wt.% with respect to the total weight of the composition; at least one pigment in an amount in the range of 1 wt.% to 20 wt.% with respect to the total weight of the composition; at least one dispersing agent in an amount in the range of 1 wt.% to 4 wt.% with respect to the total weight of the composition; at least one surfactant in an amount in the range of 0.1 wt.% to 1 wt.% with respect to the total weight of the composition; at least one coalescing agent in an amount in the range of 1 wt.% to 4 wt.% with respect to the total weight of the composition; at least one filler in an amount in the range of 15 wt.% to 25 wt.% with respect to the total weight of the composition; at least one thickener in an amount in the range of 0.5 wt.% to 3.5 wt.% with respect to the total weight of the composition; at least one stabilizer in an amount in the range of 0.01 wt.% to 1 wt.% with respect to the total weight of the composition; at least one defoamer in an amount in the range of 0.1 wt.% to 1.5 wt.% with respect to the total weight of the composition; at least one additive; and at least one solvent. The anti-pollution agent is selected from anatase titanium dioxide (TiO2), hydrated lime (calcium hydroxide) and a combination thereof.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the anti-pollution agent is selected from anatase titanium dioxide (TiO2), hydrated lime (calcium hydroxide), and a combination thereof. In an exemplary embodiment, the anti-pollution agent is a combination of anatase titanium dioxide (TiO2) and hydrated lime (calcium hydroxide).
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the amount of the anti-pollution agent is in the range of 0.1 wt. % to 35 wt. % of the total weight of the coating composition. In an exemplary embodiment, the amount is 13 wt. %.
Anatase TiO2 exhibits photocatalytic property that absorbs light energy and transforms ordinary water vapor into hydroxyl and peroxyl free-radicals at the surface of the TiO2. These free-radicals can break down noxious air pollutants such as nitrogen oxides (NOx) and SOx that come into contact with the TiO2 surface. Harmful NOx gas is converted to nitric acid that is rapidly neutralized by alkaline calcium carbonate particle in the paint, producing harmless quantities of calcium nitrate and negligible amounts of carbon dioxide and water. Calcium nitrate is water soluble and easily removed from the film, leaving a fresh surface ready to engage the next pollutant to come into contact with the film.
A great advantage of this photocatalytic reaction is that the TiO2 is not consumed in the reaction, but is merely a catalyst that continuously generates free radicals as long as there is sufficient light, air and moisture. Additionally, this reaction gives the paint self-cleaning and anti-bacterial properties. Without anatase TiO2, SOx and NOx abatement cannot be achieved.
Hydrated lime (calcium hydroxide) can abate pollutants like formaldehyde, SOX, ammonia, vinegar, CO/CO2. The hydrated lime can also control the humidity, resist development of fungus/mould, and kill variety of bacteria and virus.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the binder is selected from organic binder, inorganic binder, and a combination thereof. In an exemplary embodiment, the binder is a combination of an acrylic emulsion and a silicone resin.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the amount of the binder is in the range of 0.5 wt. % to 30 wt. % of the total weight of the coating composition. In an exemplary embodiment, the amount is 20 wt. %.
The acrylic emulsion of the present disclosure can be specially designed to have high stability at alkaline conditions and high resistance towards hydrolysis. The acrylic emulsion can have high stability in a powdered form and also when applied to the surface and, can keep the anti-pollution agent in a stable dispersed condition. This kind of stability can be achieved by the use of the seed core emulsion polymerization and by choosing the specially designed monomer configuration.
Silicone resin system can prevent chalking tendency of the coating composition due to the photocatalytic action of TiO2 upon exposure to the sunlight. The silicone resin system can have a low tendency to pick up the dirt and show early water resistance. The silicone resin is a modified polysiloxane resin.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the pigment is selected from rutile TiO2 and colored metal oxide pigments (Red, Yellow, Blue, Black, and Green). In an exemplary embodiment, the pigment is rutile TiO2.
Rutile TiO2 provides opacity and whiteness which are prime requirements for paint. Rutile TiO2 does not undergo photocatalytic reaction.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the pigments are prepared with a combination of an extender selected from the group consisting of kaolin, calcined kaolin, talc, calcium carbonate, mica, barium sulphate, zinc oxide, and a combination thereof.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the amount of the pigment is in the range of 1 wt. % to 20 wt. % of the total weight of the coating composition. In an exemplary embodiment, the amount is 7 wt. %.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the dispersing agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium polyacrylate, ammonium polyacrylates, polymeric dispersing agents, polyphosphates, styrene-maleinates, and a combination thereof. In an exemplary embodiment, the dispersing agent is sodium polyacrylate (acrylic dispersing agent 50).
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the amount of the amount of the dispersing agent is in the range of 1 wt. % to 4 wt. % of the total weight of the coating composition. In an exemplary embodiment, the amount is 2 wt. %.
The dispersing agent facilitates the separation of particles and prevents settling or clumping of particles.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the surfactant used in the coating composition of the present disclosure is selected from alkyl aryl non-ionic, alkyl aryl anionic surfactant, and a combination thereof.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the surfactant is at least one selected from the group consisting of alkyl phenol ethoxylate, phosphate esters, and vegetable oil modified ethoxylates. In an exemplary embodiment, the surfactant is octyl phenol ethoxylate (alkyl phenol ethoxylate).
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the amount of the surfactant is in the range of 0.1 wt. % to 1 wt. % of the total weight of the coating composition. In an exemplary embodiment, the amount is 0.6 wt. %.
Surfactant provides better wetting to the coating constituents and provides better stability.
A combination of the surfactant and the binder system of the coating composition of the present disclosure provides high stability to the coating composition before and after the application.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the coalescing agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of texanol, Optifilm enhancer OE300 (2, 2, 4-trimethyl-1, 3-pentanediol diisobutyrate), Optifilm enhancer 400 (triethylene glycol bis-2-ethylhexanoate), and TXIB (Trimethyl Pentanyl Diisobutyrate). In an exemplary embodiment, the coalescing agent is Optifilm enhancer OE 300 (2, 2, 4-trimethyl-1, 3-pentanediol diisobutyrate).

In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the amount of the coalescing agent is in the range of 1 wt. % to 4 wt. % of the total weight of the coating composition. In an exemplary embodiment, the amount is 2.3 wt. %.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the filler is at least one selected from the group consisting of calcined clay, talc, calcium carbonate, kaolin, barium sulphate, and mica. In an exemplary embodiment, the filler is calcined clay.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the amount of the filler is in the range of 15 wt. % to 25 wt. % of the total weight of the coating composition. In an exemplary embodiment, the amount is 21 wt. %.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the thickener is at least one selected from the group consisting of cellulose, cellulose derivative, clay-based hydrogel, and polyurethane solution in a mixture of water/diethylene glycol ether. In an exemplary embodiment, the thickener is a combination of methylhydroxypropyl cellulose, clay-based hydrogel, and polyurethane solution in a mixture of water/diethylene glycol ether.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the amount of thickener is in the range of 0.5 wt. % to 3.5 wt. % of the total weight of the coating composition. In an exemplary embodiment, the amount is 1.35 wt. %.
The thickening agent is added to a paint composition to increase the viscosity of the paint composition without substantially changing its other properties.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the stabilizer is at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium erythorbate, ascorbic acid, and erythorbic acid. In an exemplary embodiment, the stabilizer is sodium erythorbate.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the amount of the stabilizer is present in the range of 0.01 wt. % to 1 wt. % of the total weight of the coating composition. In an exemplary embodiment, the amount is 0.1 wt. %.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the defoamer is at least one selected from the group consisting of mineral oil, modified mineral oil (silica and wax), mineral oil emulsions, siloxane, and silicone resins. In an exemplary embodiment, the defoamer is mineral oil based silica modified defoamer (Dapro DF 7010).
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the amount of defoamer is present in the range of 0.1 wt. % to 1.5 wt. % of the total weight of the coating composition. In an exemplary embodiment, the amount is 0.5 wt. %.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the solvent is at least one selected from the group consisting of water, high boiling glycols, triethylene glycol, 2,2,4 trimethyl 1,3 pentanediol monoisobutyrate, and 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate. In an exemplary embodiment, the solvent is water.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the additive of the present disclosure is selected from at least one softening agent and at least one anti-agglomeration agent.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the softening agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium hexa meta phosphate (SHMP), tetra potassium pyrophosphate (TPPP), and potassium tri poly phosphate (KTPP). In an exemplary embodiment, the softening agent is sodium hexa meta phosphate (SHMP).
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the amount of softening agent is present in the range of 0.01 wt. % to 1 wt. % of the total weight of the coating composition. In an exemplary embodiment, the amount is 0.05 wt. %.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the anti-agglomeration agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of monosodium glutamate, monopotassium glutamate, calcium glutamate, monoammonium glutamate, and magnesium glutamate. In an exemplary embodiment, the anti-agglomeration agent is monosodium glutamate.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the amount of the anti-agglomeration agent is present in the range of 0.01 wt. % to 1 wt. % of the total weight of the coating composition. In an exemplary embodiment, the amount is 0.1 wt. %.
In an exemplary embodiment, the coating composition comprises the anatase titanium dioxide in an amount of 1 wt.%, hydrated lime (calcium hydroxide) in an amount of 12 wt.%, sodium polyacrylate (acrylic dispersing agent 50) in an amount of 2 wt.%, acrylic polymer emulsion (polycryl 1608) in an amount of 19 wt.%, silicone resin (tegophobe 1650) in an amount of 1 wt. %, rutile TiO2 in an amount of 7 wt.%, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate (optifilm enhancer 300) in an amount of 1.3 wt.%, octyl phenol ethoxylate (cresmer NSV 9) in an amount of 0.6 wt.%, polyurethane solution in a mixture of water/diethylene glycol ether (rheolate 278) in an amount of 0.4 wt.%, calcined clay in an amount of 8 wt.%, methylhydroxypropyl cellulose grade (culminal MHPC 3000 P1R) in an amount of 0.45 wt.%, clay-based hydrogel in an amount of 0.5 wt.%, calcium carbonate GCC A-04 in an amount of 13 wt.%, sodium erythorbate in an amount of 0.1 wt.%, sodium hexa meta phosphate (SHMP) in an amount of 0.05 wt.%, monosodium glutamate in an amount of 0.1 wt.%, mineral oil based silica modified defoamer (dapro DF 7010) in an amount of 0.2 wt.% and q.s water. Wherein the composition is for interior use.
In another exemplary embodiment, the coating composition comprises anatase titanium dioxide in an amount of 1 wt.%, calcium hydroxide (hydrated lime) in an amount of 12 wt.%, sodium polyacrylate (acrylic dispersing agent 50) in an amount of 2 wt.%, acrylic polymer emulsion (polycryl 1608) in an amount of 19 wt.%, silicone resin (tegophobe 1650) in an amount of 5 wt. %, rutile TiO2 in an amount of 7 wt.%, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate (optifilm enhancer 300) in an amount of 1.3 wt.%, octyl phenol ethoxylate (cresmer NSV 9) in an amount of 0.6 wt.%, polyurethane solution in a mixture of water/diethylene glycol ether (rheolate 278) in an amount of 0.4 wt.%, calcined clay in an amount of 8 wt.%, methylhydroxypropyl cellulose grade (culminal MHPC 3000 P1R) in an amount of 0.45 wt.%, clay-based hydrogel in an amount of 0.5 wt.%, calcium carbonate GCC A-04 in an amount of 13 wt.%, sodium erythorbate in an amount of 0.1 wt.%, sodium hexa meta phosphate (SHMP) in an amount of 0.05 wt.%, monosodium glutamate in an amount of 0.1 wt.%, mineral oil based silica modified defoamer (dapro DF 7010) in an amount of 0.2 wt.% and q.s water. Wherein the composition is for exterior use.
The coating composition of the present disclosure reduces the amount NOx by 15-25%, SOx by 10-20%, ammonia by 60-70%, carbon monoxide by 15-25%, particulate matter by 25-35%, formaldehyde by 30-35% when compared to the conventional coating composition. The coating composition of the present disclosure has an anti-bacterial property, an anti-fungal property, and an anti-algae property. The coating composition of the present disclosure can control the humidity and absorb the bad smell due to vinegar, ammonia, and formaldehyde.
The coating composition is effective for abating the air pollution and degrading organic pollutants.
In a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a process for the preparation of the coating composition. The process is described in details as follows:
Firstly, predetermined amounts of at least one solvent, at least one softening agent, at least one dispersing agent, at least one defoamer, at least one coalescing agent, at least one surfactant, at least one stabilizer, at least one anti-agglomeration agent, are mixed in a mixer (twin shaft high speed disperser-TSD) under stirring for a first predetermined time period at a first predetermined pH, and a predetermined temperature to obtain a first slurry.
In accordance with the embodiment of the present disclosure, the solvent is at least one selected from the group consisting of water, high boiling glycols, triethylene glycol, 2,2,4 trimethyl 1,3 pentanediol monoisobutyrate, and 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate. In an exemplary embodiment, the solvent is water.
In accordance with the embodiment of the present disclosure, the softening agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium hexa meta phosphate (SHMP), tetra potassium pyrophosphate (TPPP), and potassium tri poly phosphate (KTPP). In an exemplary embodiment, the softening agent is sodium hexa meta phosphate (SHMP).
In accordance with the embodiment of the present disclosure, the predetermined amount of the softening agent is in the range of 0.01 wt. % to 1 wt. %. In an exemplary embodiment, the predetermined amount is 0.05 wt. %.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the dispersing agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium polyacrylate, ammonium polyacrylates, polymeric dispersing agents, polyphosphates, styrene-maleinates, and a combination thereof. In an exemplary embodiment, the dispersing agent is sodium polyacrylate (acrylic dispersing agent 50).
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the amount of the amount of the dispersing agent is in the range of 1 wt. % to 4 wt. % of the total weight of the coating composition. In an exemplary embodiment, the amount is 2 wt. %.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the defoamer is at least one selected from the group consisting of mineral oil, modified mineral oil (silica and wax), mineral oil emulsions, siloxane, and silicone resins. In an exemplary embodiment, the defoamer is mineral oil based silica modified defoamer (Dapro DF 7010).
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the amount of defoamer is present in the range of 0.1 wt. % to 1.5 wt. % of the total weight of the coating composition. In an exemplary embodiment, the amount is 0.5 wt. %.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the coalescing agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of texanol, Optifilm enhancer OE300 (2, 2, 4-trimethyl-1, 3-pentanediol diisobutyrate), Optifilm enhancer 400 (triethylene glycol bis-2-ethylhexanoate), and TXIB (Trimethyl Pentanyl Diisobutyrate). In an exemplary embodiment, the coalescing agent is Optifilm enhancer OE 300 (2, 2, 4-trimethyl-1, 3-pentanediol diisobutyrate).

In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the amount of the coalescing agent is in the range of 1 wt. % to 4 wt. % of the total weight of the coating composition. In an exemplary embodiment, the amount is 1.3 wt. %.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the surfactant used in the coating composition of the present disclosure is selected from alkyl aryl non-ionic, alkyl aryl anionic surfactant, and a combination thereof.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the surfactant is at least one selected from the group consisting of alkyl phenol ethoxylate, phosphate esters, and vegetable oil modified ethoxylates. In an exemplary embodiment, the surfactant is octyl phenol ethoxylate (alkyl phenol ethoxylate).
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the amount of the surfactant is in the range of 0.1 wt. % to 1 wt. % of the total weight of the coating composition. In an exemplary embodiment, the amount is 0.6 wt. %.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the stabilizer is at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium erythorbate, ascorbic acid, and erythorbic acid. In an exemplary embodiment, the stabilizer is sodium erythorbate.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the amount of the stabilizer is present in the range of 0.01 wt. % to 1 wt. % of the total weight of the coating composition. In an exemplary embodiment, the amount is 0.1 wt. %.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the anti-agglomeration agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of monosodium glutamate, monopotassium glutamate, calcium glutamate, monoammonium glutamate, and magnesium glutamate. In an exemplary embodiment, the anti-agglomeration agent is monosodium glutamate.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the amount of the anti-agglomeration agent is present in the range of 0.01 wt. % to 1 wt. % of the total weight of the coating composition. In an exemplary embodiment, the amount is 0.1 wt. %.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the first predetermined time period is in the range of 5 to 10 min.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the first predetermined pH is in the range of 7 to 10.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the predetermined temperature is in the range of 25 to 45 ºC.
The step of mixing refers to the homogenization of the components in the slurry. In addition to homogenization, the particle size reduction is also accomplished. Mixing can be achieved in either a batch mode or continuous circulation mode or combination of both. Mixing under TSD (twin shaft high speed disperser) ensures complete and uniform mixing of additives and dispersion of pigment and extenders.
In the second step, predetermined amounts of at least one pigment and at least one anti-pollution agent into is slowly added into the first slurry under a first predetermined stirring speed for a second predetermined time period to obtain the second slurry.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the pigment is selected from rutile TiO2 and colored metal oxide pigments (Red, Yellow, Blue, Black, and Green). In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the pigments are prepared with a combination of an extender selected from the group consisting of kaolin, calcined kaolin, talc, calcium carbonate, mica, barium sulphate, zinc oxide, and a combination thereof. In an exemplary embodiment, the pigment is rutile TiO2.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the amount of at least one pigment is in the range of 1 wt. % to 20 wt. %. In an exemplary embodiment, the amount is 7 wt. %.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the anti-pollution agent is selected from anatase titanium dioxide (TiO2), hydrated lime (calcium hydroxide), and a combination thereof. In an exemplary embodiment, the anti-pollution agent is a combination of anatase titanium dioxide (TiO2), and hydrated lime (calcium hydroxide).
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the amount of the anti-pollution agent is in the range of 0.1 wt. % to 35 wt. % of the total weight of the coating composition. In an exemplary embodiment, the amount is 13 wt. %.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the first predetermined stirring speed is in the range of 900 to 1400 rpm.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the second predetermined time period is in the range of 20 to 30 min.
In the third step, a predetermined amount of at least one thickener is slowly added into the second slurry under stirring for a third predetermined time period to obtain a third slurry. In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the third slurry is stirred further for 15 to 20 min to obtain the resultant slurry free from lumps/bits.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the thickener is at least one selected from the group consisting of cellulose, cellulose derivative, clay-based hydrogel, and polyurethane solution in a mixture of water/diethylene glycol ether. In an exemplary embodiment, the thickener is a combination of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, clay-based hydrogel, and polyurethane solution in a mixture of water/diethylene glycol ether.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the amount of thickener is in the range of 0.5 wt. % to 3.5 wt. % of the total weight of the coating composition. In an exemplary embodiment, the amount is 1.35 wt. %.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the third predetermined time period is in the range of 25 to 30 min.
In the fourth step, predetermined amounts of at least one anti-pollution agent, at least one filler, and at least one solvent are slowly added into the third slurry under a second predetermined stirring speed for a fourth predetermined time period to obtain a fourth slurry.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the anti-pollution agent is selected from anatase titanium dioxide (TiO2), hydrated lime (calcium hydroxide), and a combination thereof. In an exemplary embodiment, the anti-pollution agent is a combination of anatase titanium dioxide (TiO2), and hydrated lime (calcium hydroxide).
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the amount of the anti-pollution agent is in the range of 0.1 wt. % to 35 wt. % of the total weight of the coating composition. In an exemplary embodiment, the amount is 13 wt. %.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the filler is at least one selected from the group consisting of calcined clay, talc, calcium carbonate, kaolin, barium sulphate, and mica. In an exemplary embodiment, the filler is calcined clay.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the amount of the filler is in the range of 15 wt. % to 25 wt. % of the total weight of the coating composition. In an exemplary embodiment, the amount is 21 wt. %.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the solvent is at least one selected from the group consisting of water, high boiling glycols, triethylene glycol, 2,2,4 trimethyl 1,3 pentanediol monoisobutyrate, and 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate. In an exemplary embodiment, the solvent is water.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the second predetermined stirring speed is in the range of 900 to 1400 rpm.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the fourth predetermined time period is 60 min.
In the fifth step, a predetermined amount of at least one solvent is added into the fourth slurry to obtain a fifth slurry.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the solvent is at least one selected from the group consisting of water, high boiling glycols, triethylene glycol, 2,2,4 trimethyl 1,3 pentanediol monoisobutyrate, and 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate. In an exemplary embodiment, the solvent is water.
In the sixth step, a predetermined amount of coalescing agent is slowly added to the fifth slurry under stirring at a second predetermined pH to obtain a sixth slurry, further stirring the sixth slurry under a third predetermined stirring speed for a fifth predetermined time period.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the coalescing agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of texanol, Optifilm enhancer OE300 (2, 2, 4-trimethyl-1, 3-pentanediol diisobutyrate), Optifilm enhancer 400 (triethylene glycol bis-2-ethylhexanoate), and TXIB (Trimethyl Pentanyl Diisobutyrate). In an exemplary embodiment, the coalescing agent is Optifilm enhancer OE 300 (2, 2, 4-trimethyl-1, 3-pentanediol diisobutyrate).

In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the amount of the coalescing agent is in the range of 1 wt. % to 4 wt. % of the total weight of the coating composition. In an exemplary embodiment, the amount is 1 wt. %.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the second predetermined pH is in the range of 10 to 13.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the third predetermined stirring speed is in the range of 300 to 1400 rpm.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the first and the second predetermined stirring speed is in the range of 900 to 1400 rpm, and said third predetermined stirring speed is in the range of 300 to 1400 rpm.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the fifth predetermined time period is in the range of 5 to 10 min.
In the seventh step, a predetermined amount of at least one thickener and at least one solvent is mixed to the sixth slurry under stirring at a first predetermined flow rate for a sixth predetermined time period to obtain the seventh slurry.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the thickener is at least one selected from the group consisting of cellulose, cellulose derivative, clay-based hydrogel, and polyurethane solution in a mixture of water/diethylene glycol ether. In an exemplary embodiment, the thickener is a combination of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, clay-based hydrogel, and polyurethane solution in a mixture of water/diethylene glycol ether.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the amount of thickener is in the range of 0.5 wt. % to 3.5 wt. % of the total weight of the coating composition. In an exemplary embodiment, the amount is 1.35 wt. %.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the solvent is at least one selected from the group consisting of water, high boiling glycols, triethylene glycol, 2,2,4 trimethyl 1,3 pentanediol monoisobutyrate, and 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate. In an exemplary embodiment, the solvent is water.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the first predetermined flow rate is in the range of 5 to 7 kg/min.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the sixth predetermined time period is in the range of 20 to 25 min.
In the eighth step, further, the seventh slurry is filtered to obtain the filtrate and a predetermined amount of at least one binder and at least one defoamer is slowly added into the filtrate to obtain an eighth slurry.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the binder is selected from organic binder, inorganic binder, and a combination thereof. In an exemplary embodiment, the binder is a combination of an acrylic emulsion and a silicone resin.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the amount of the binder is in the range of 0.5 wt. % to 30 wt. % of the total weight of the coating composition. In an exemplary embodiment, the amount is 20 wt. %.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the defoamer is at least one selected from the group consisting of mineral oil, modified mineral oil (silica and wax), mineral oil emulsions, siloxane, and silicone resins. In an exemplary embodiment, the defoamer is mineral oil based silica modified defoamer.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the amount of defoamer is present in the range of 0.1 wt. % to 1.5 wt. % of the total weight of the coating composition. In an exemplary embodiment, the amount is 0.5 wt. %.
In accordance with the present disclosure, the filtrate is filtered through a 100 number sieve.
In the ninth step, further, at least one solvent is added into the eighth slurry and the eighth slurry is mixed again under stirring for a seventh predetermined time period at a third predetermined pH to obtain a ninth slurry.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the solvent is at least one selected from the group consisting of water, high boiling glycols, triethylene glycol, 2,2,4 trimethyl 1,3 pentanediol monoisobutyrate, and 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate. In an exemplary embodiment, the solvent is water.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the third predetermined pH is in the range of 10 to 13.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the first predetermined pH is in the range of 7 to 10, and the second and the third predetermined pH is in the range of 10 to 13
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the seventh predetermined time period is in the range of 25 to 30 min.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the first predetermined time period is in the range of 5 to 10 min, the second predetermined time period is in the range of 20 to 30 min, the third predetermined time period is in the range of 25 to 30 min, the fourth predetermined time period is 60 min, the fifth predetermined time period is in the range of 5 to 10 min, the sixth predetermined time period is in the range of 20 to 25 min, and the seventh predetermined time period is in the range of 25 to 30 min.
The ninth slurry is filtered to obtain the product.
Filtration aids in removing any skin, foreign particles, impurities, and undispersed pigment particles from the final product. Hence, ensures that the final product is free from above mentioned impurities.

The process for the preparation of the coating composition is simple and economical.

In accordance with the present disclosure, the slurry is filtered through a 20 number sieve to obtain the product.
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for purposes of illustration and not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Individual components of a particular embodiment are generally not limited to that particular embodiment but are interchangeable. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the present disclosure, and all such modifications are considered to be within the scope of the present disclosure.
The present disclosure provides a coating composition and process for its preparation. The coating composition of the present disclosure can abate the pollution, can have anti-bacterial property, anti-fungal and anti-algae property and can control humidity and absorb bad smell.
The present disclosure is further described in light of the following experiments which are set forth for illustration purpose only and not to be construed for limiting the scope of the disclosure. The following experiments can be tested to scale up to industrial/commercial scale and the results obtained can be extrapolated to the industrial scale.
EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS:
Experiment 1: Preparation of the coating composition (anti-pollution paint) for interior use in accordance with the present disclosure
Raw materials required for the preparation of an anti-pollution paint coating composition were procured. 27.5 kg of water, 0.05 kg sodium hexa meta phosphate (SHMP), 2 kg sodium polyacrylate (acrylic dispersing agent 50), 0.2 kg mineral oil based silica modified defoamer (dapro DF 7010), 1.3 kg 2, 2, 4-trimethyl-1, 3-pentanediol diisobutyrate (optifilm enhancer 300), 0.6 kg of octyl phenol ethoxylate (cresmer NSV9), 0.1 kg sodium erythorbate, 0.1 kg monosodium glutamate were mixed in a mixer (twin shaft high speed disperser-TSD) under stirring for 5 to 10 min to obtain the first slurry. The pH and temperature of the slurry were maintained in the range of 7 to 10 and 25-45ºC respectively.
7 kg of titanium dioxide TR-92 and 1 kg of anatase titanium dioxide were slowly added into the first slurry under stirring speed of 900-1400 RPM for 20-30 min to obtain the second slurry. Further, 0.5 kg of hydroxylgel 70 TB and 0.45 kg of methylhydroxypropyl cellulose (culminal MHPC 3000 P1R) was slowly added under stirring for 25-30 min to obtain the third slurry. The third slurry was mixed additionally for 15-20 min if the finish was found to be rough to obtain the third slurry free from the lumps/bits.
12 kg of hydrated lime (calcium hydroxide), 8 kg calcined clay 902, 13 kg of calcined carbonate GCC A-04, and 1 kg of water were slowly added to the third slurry under stirring for 60 min at rpm 900 to 1400 to obtain the fourth slurry. The finish was checked by taking 30 gm slurry and 20 gm of emulsion and thin with 25 gm of water and applied it on a paper panel to check the roughness. 2kg of water was added to the fourth slurry to obtain the fifth slurry at pH in the range of 10 to 13. 1 kg of 2, 2, 4-trimethyl-1, 3-pentanediol diisobutyrate (optifilm enhancer 300) was slowly added to the fifth slurry under stirring and mixed further the slurry under stirring for 5 to 10 min at 300 to 1400 RPM to obtain the sixth slurry. 0.4kg polyurethane solution in a mixture of water/diethylene glycol ether (rheolate 278) and 1 kg of water was mixed under stirring at the flow rate of approx. 5 to 7 kg/min for 20-25 min to obtain the seventh slurry. The finish was checked by appropriate addition of emulsion and water. The seventh slurry was filtered through the sieve no. 100 and 19 kg of acrylic polymer emulsion (polycryl 1608), 1 kg of silicone resin (tegophobe 1650), and 0.3 kg of mineral oil based silica modified defoamer (dapro DF 7010) were slowly added into the resultant filtrate to obtain the eighth slurry. 0.5 kg of water was added into the eighth slurry and mixed for 25 to 30 min at pH 10 to 13 to obtain the ninth slurry. The ninth slurry was filtered through the sieve no. 20 to obtain the coating composition (anti-pollution) product.
Experiment 2: Preparation of an anti-pollution paint coating composition for exterior use in accordance with the present disclosure
The same experimental procedure was repeated as in Example 1, except the amount of water used was (23.5 kg) and the amount of silicone resin (tegophobe 1650) was used (5 kg).
Experiment 3A: Antiviral activity of the coating composition prepared as per the example 1 and 2 against Influenza A virus (H3N2) on leneta paper (ISO 21702: 2019)
Preparation of the Influenza viral suspension:
A host cell named MDCK cell (Madin-Darby Canine Kidney-mammalian cell line) ATCC CCL-34 was taken and Influenza A virus (H3N2) i.e. test virus A/Hong Kong/8/68: ATCC VR-1679 was grown as per the tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50) method and the PFU/ml (plaque forming unit) was measured.
Experimental procedure to measure the anti-viral activity of the coating composition against Influenza virus:
Leneta paper and LDPE (Low-density polyethylene) film were pre-sterilized by ethyl alcohol (ETO). Anti-pollution paint prepared in the examples 1and 2 of the present disclosure was applied on the surface of the leneta paper by using a painting brush. The coating was allowed to dry and the thickness of dried coating was observed to be 60 to 80 microns. Anti-pollution paint coated leneta paper was used as test sample and LDPE (Low-density polyethylene) film with no coating of the anti-pollution paint was used as a control sample.
0.4mL of the above prepared diluted viral suspension (having the infectivity rate of 1.20 × 106 PFU/ml) of Influenza A virus (2.50 × 108 PFU/ml) was inoculated on the surface of a test sample and a control sample. The viral suspension was contacted with the surfaces of the test and the control samples for the period of 24 hours. Number of virus colonies (logarithm and average infectivity titre of virus) was calculated immediately (0 hours) after the contact and after 24 hours of the contacting. After 24 hours, for the accurate measurement of the number of colonies, the viral suspension from the surface of the test and control samples were treated with a neutralizer or growth media of SCDLP broth (soybean casein lecithin polysorbate 80) by incubating at 37ºC for 7 days.
The measurements were taken in triplicates and the result is summarized in the table 1 below:
Table 1: Quantitative assessment of Antiviral activity of coating composition prepared as per example 1 and 2 against Influenza virus
Virus Contact Duration Group Logarithm of infectivity titre of virus (IgTCID50/cm2) Average titre infectivity of virus (IgTCID50/cm2)
Influenza virus suspension: (2.50 × 108 PFU/ml) 0 hours Control (U0) 5.29 5.40
5.55
5.37
24 hours Control (Ut) 5.23 5.38
5.67
5.25
24 hours Test (At) 2.21 2.21
2.58
2.35
Antiviral activity R= Ut- At (24 hours contact) - 3.17 (99.90%)

Where,
R is the Antiviral activity
Uo is the average of common logarithm from three control samples immediately after inoculation
Ut is the average of common logarithm from three control samples after 24 hours
At is the average of common logarithm from three test samples after 24 hours
Inference: It is evident from the Table 1 that, the coating composition prepared as per examples 1 and 2 showed 99.90% reduction of the virus after 24 hours when tested against Influenza A virus (H3N2) as per the ISO 21702: 2019 standard.
Experiment 3B: Antiviral activity of coating composition prepared as per example 1 and 2 against MS 2 bacteriophage virus on leneta paper:
Preparation of the MS 2 bacteriophage viral suspension:
A host cell named Escherichia coli ATCC 15597 was taken on which MS2 Bacteriophage (MS2) is an RNA virus of the family Leviviridae was grown and the PFU/ml (plaque forming unit) was measured.
Experimental procedure to measure the anti-viral activity of the coating composition against MS 2 bacteriophage:
Leneta paper, LDPE (Low-density polyethylene), and LDPE (Low-density polyethylene) cover film were pre-sterilized by ethyl alcohol (ETO). Anti-pollution paint prepared in the examples 1 and 2 of the present disclosure was applied on the surface of leneta paper by using a painting brush. The coating was allowed to dry and the thickness of dried coating was observed to be 60 to 80 microns. Anti-pollution paint coated leneta paper was used as test sample, LDPE (Low-density polyethylene) film with no coating of the Anti-pollution paint was used as a control sample, and LDPE (Low-density polyethylene) cover with no coating of the Anti-pollution paint was used as a cover to fix the LDPE film.
0.4mL of the above prepared diluted viral suspension (having the infectivity rate of 106 PFU/ml) of MS 2 bacteriophage was inoculated on the surface of test sample, and control sample. The viral suspension was contacted with the surfaces of the test and control samples for the period of 2 to 24 hours. Number of virus colonies (logarithm and average infectivity titre of virus) was calculated immediately (0 hours) after the contact and after 24 hours of the contacting. After 24 hours, for the accurate measurement of the number of colonies, the viral suspension from the surface of the test and control samples were treated with a neutralizer DE broth and growth media of Trypticase soya agar by incubating at 37ºC for 3 days.
The measurements were taken in triplicates and the result is summarized in the table 2 below:
Table 2: Quantitative assessment of Antiviral activity of the coating composition prepared as per example 1 and 2 against MS2 Bacteriophage
Control: average no. of plaques recovered at 0 hours (U0): 8.10 × 104 PFU/sq cm Log=4.90
Control: average no. of plaques recovered at 24 hours (Ut): 9.00 × 104 PFU/sq. cm Log=4.95
Sample identification Average no. of plaques recovered from treated (At) Log of plaques recovered from treated (At) Antiviral activity
R= Ut- At Virus reduction percentage
Coating composition prepared as per the example 1 and 2 ?10 ?1 ?3.95 ?99.99

Where,
R is the Antiviral activity
Uo is the average of common logarithm from three control samples immediately after inoculation
Ut is the average of common logarithm from three control samples after 24 hours
At is the average of common logarithm from three test samples after 24 hours
Inference: It is indicated from the table 2 that the coating composition prepared as per examples 1 and 2 showed ?99.99% reduction (as per the log reduction criteria) of the virus when tested as per the ISO 21702: 2019 standard.
Experiment 4: Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of the coating composition prepared as per example 1 and 2 as per Japanese Industrial standards (JIS Z 2801) 2010.
Test species: Bacterial strains: Bordetella pertussis, Cornybacterium diptheriae, Legionella pneumophilia, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Streptococcus pneumonia, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhi.
Source: National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Concentration used for inoculation:
1.7x105 - Bordetella pertussis, Corynebacterium diptheriae, Legionella pneumophila, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Streptococcus pneumonia, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella typhi
1.9x105 - Escherichia coli
Test Procedure to measure the anti-bacterial activity of the coating composition:
Preparation of test surface
Cement surfaces were prepared with the size of 5×5cm (25cm2). 140 gm of coating composition prepared as per examples 1 and 2 was taken in a beaker and 40 mL of water was added and mixed well. The paint emulsion thus prepared above was applied with the help of painting brush on the cement surfaces liberally and dried overnight. Similarly, the second coating was given and air-dried overnight to ensure the complete drying; the same was dried at 30±1ºC at 65±5% RH for 7 days. Paint composition coated cement surfaces were used as test samples and non-coated cement surface was used as a control sample.
Inoculation and incubation
Bacterial suspension/inoculum comprising bacterial cells with a cell density of 1.9x105 for Escherichia coli and 1.7x105 cells/ml for the rest of the bacteria were used for this experiment. A bacterial inoculum volume of 0.4 ml/surface was added on the surface of test and control samples for 0 and 24 hours, separately in order to achieve the bacterial concentration of 6200 to 25000 cells/cm2. The inoculum added in 0-hour surface was washed out immediately with 10 mL of SCDLP (soybean casein lecithin polysorbate 80) broth and the washed-out solutions were further diluted, inoculated in agar plates and incubated at 35±1°C. Similarly, the surfaces meant for 24 hours were incubated for 24 hours at 35±1°C after addition of inoculum on the surface. After 24 hours the surface was washed-out with SCDLP (soybean casein lecithin polysorbate 80) broth, diluted further, the dilutions were inoculated in agar plates and incubated for 24 hours. Control sample was also tested for the anti-bacterial activity.
Summary of the Antibacterial study
The study was conducted to estimate the antibacterial activity of the coating composition prepared as per examples 1 and 2 sample. The efficacy was assessed in ten bacterial strains namely Bordetella pertussis, Corynebacterium diptheriae, Legionella pneumophila, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Streptococcus pneumonia, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhi according to Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS Z 2801), 2010. The Paint emulsion samples were painted on cement surfaces, separately and air-dried. Specific quantity of bacterial cells with known cell density was added to each surface for 0 and 24 hours, separately. The inoculum added in 0-hour surface was washed out immediately with 10 mL of SCDLP broth and the washed-out solutions were further diluted, inoculated in agar plates and incubated at 35±1°C. Similarly, the surfaces meant for 24 hours were incubated for 24 hours at 35±1°C after addition of inoculum on the surface. After 24 hours the surface was washed-out with SCDLP broth, diluted further, the dilutions were inoculated in agar plates and incubated for 24 hours. The number of colonies in each plate for both time points was observed after 24 hours of incubation.
Table: 3 Summary of Result
Antibacterial activity (logarithmic reduction cfu/cm2) *
Treatments B. pertussis C.diptheriae L. pneumophila M.tuberculosis S.pneumoniae S.pyogenes E.Coli S.aureus P. aeruginosa S. typhi
Coating composition prepared as per the examples 1 and 2 4.68 4.88 4.78 4.53 4.87 4.81 5.26 5.21 5.21 5.21
*mean of three replicates
Inference: The results of the study indicated that the coating composition prepared as per examples 1 and 2 exhibited 99.99% bacterial growth reduction (since most of the values are more than 4 log reductions) over control painted on cement surfaces under the test conditions employed.
Experiment 5: Ambient air analysis:
Trials were conducted on a building with a paintable area of around 4500-5000 sq ft area using paint prepared in the examples 1 and 2 and compared against ordinary exterior emulsion paint (Suraksha plus).
New paint i.e. coating composition prepared as per the example 1 and 2 was applied in Oct/Nov 2018 and air quality testing was done. After 1 year of exposure again the air quality testing was done at same site and performance is tabulated as below.
Table 4
Type of Pollutants Average % reduction over Economy Emulsion paint ( Suraksha Plus) Oct-Nov 2018 Average % reduction over Economy Emulsion paint after 1 year of exposure ( Suraksha Plus) Nov-Dec 2019
NOx 19.54 18.19 %
SOx 15.90 31.40%
Ammonia 65.70 24.37 %
Carbon monoxide 21.30 35.05 %
PM 10 (PM10 is particulate matter 10 micrometers or less in diameter) 27.60 6.20%
Formaldehyde In the entire study formaldehyde content is below detectable limit , hence results cannot be tabulated and compared

Inference: From the table 4 it is evident that anti-Pollution/Pollution abatement continues to perform even after 1 year of exposure.
Overall efficacy against pollutants, bacteria, and fungi of the coating composition prepared as per the examples 1 and 2 is measured and tabulated below:
Table 5
Type of Pollutants Average % reduction over Economy Emulsion paint ( Suraksha Plus )
NOx 19.54
SOx 15.90
Ammonia 65.70
Carbon Monoxide (CO) 21.30
PM 10 (PM10 is particulate matter 10 micrometers or less in diameter) 27.60
Formaldehyde Reduces Formaldehyde content in closed room by around 30-35 %
Anti-bacterial test This product can kill following types of diseases causing bacteria when they come in contact with painted surface;
Bordetella pertussis , Corynebacterium diptheriae , Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus influenza , Legionella pneumophila , Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Streptococcus pneumonia , Streptococcus pyogenes , Salmonella typhi , Escherichia coli , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Staphylococcus aureus or Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
Anti-fungal and Anti-algal performance Yes
Controls Humidity Controls Humidity, prevents condensation of moisture due to temperature difference (as seen during monsoon on glass)
Absorb bad smells Vinegar, Ammonia Formaldehyde.

Inference: It is clearly evident from the table 5 that the coating composition prepared as per examples 1 and 2 (anti-pollution paint) exhibits pollution abatement over normal/ordinary emulsion paint (Suraksha plus).
It reduces the pollutants such as NOx 19.54%, SOx 15.90%, ammonia 65.70%, CO 21.30%, PM 27.60%, and formaldehyde by 30 to 35% and has anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and anti-algal activity. Also, the anti-pollution paint absorbs bad smells and controls the humidity.
TECHNICAL ADVANCEMENTS
The present disclosure described hereinabove has several technical advantages including, but not limited to, the realization of a coating composition that:
• abate the pollution;
• have anti-bacterial property, anti-fungal, and anti-algae property; have ability to kill or destroy the non-envelope viruses which is very difficult to kill;
• control humidity and can absorb bad smell.
The embodiments herein and the various features and advantageouss details thereof are explained with reference to the non-limiting embodiments in the following description. Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the embodiments herein. The examples used herein are intended merely to facilitate an understanding of ways in which the embodiments herein may be practiced and to further enable those of skill in the art to practice the embodiments herein. Accordingly, the examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the embodiments herein.
The foregoing description of the specific embodiments so fully reveal the general nature of the embodiments herein that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily modify and/or adapt for various applications such specific embodiments without departing from the generic concept, and, therefore, such adaptations and modifications should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments. It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. Therefore, while the embodiments herein have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments herein can be practiced with modification within the spirit and scope of the embodiments as described herein.
The use of the expression “at least” or “at least one” suggests the use of one or more elements or ingredients or quantities, as the use may be in the embodiment of the disclosure to achieve one or more of the desired objects or results.
Any discussion of documents, acts, materials, devices, articles or the like that has been included in this specification is solely for the purpose of providing a context for the disclosure. It is not to be taken as an admission that any or all of these matters form a part of the prior art base or were common general knowledge in the field relevant to the disclosure as it existed anywhere before the priority date of this application.
The numerical values mentioned for the various physical parameters, dimensions or quantities are only approximations and it is envisaged that the values higher/lower than the numerical values assigned to the parameters, dimensions or quantities fall within the scope of the disclosure, unless there is a statement in the specification specific to the contrary.
While considerable emphasis has been placed herein on the components and component parts of the preferred embodiments, it will be appreciated that many embodiments can be made and that many changes can be made in the preferred embodiments without departing from the principles of the disclosure. These and other changes in the preferred embodiment as well as other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein, whereby it is to be distinctly understood that the foregoing descriptive matter is to be interpreted merely as illustrative of the disclosure and not as a limitation
,CLAIMS:WE CLAIM:
1. A coating composition comprising:
(a) an anti-pollution agent in an amount in the range of 0.1 wt.% to 35 wt.% with respect to the total weight of said composition;
(b) at least one binder in an amount in the range of 0.5 wt.% to 30 wt.% with respect to the total weight of said composition;
(c) at least one pigment in an amount in the range of 1 wt.% to 20 wt.% with respect to the total weight of said composition;
(d) at least one dispersing agent in an amount in the range of 1 wt.% to 4 wt.% with respect to the total weight of said composition;
(e) at least one surfactant in an amount in the range of 0.1 wt.% to 1 wt.% with respect to the total weight of said composition;
(f) at least one coalescing agent in an amount in the range of 1 wt.% to 4 wt.% with respect to the total weight of said composition;
(g) at least one filler in an amount in the range of 15 wt.% to 25 wt.% with respect to the total weight of said composition;
(h) at least one thickener in an amount in the range of 0.5 wt.% to 3.5 wt.% with respect to the total weight of said composition;
(i) at least one stabilizer in an amount in the range of 0.01 wt.% to 1 wt.% with respect to the total weight of said composition;
(j) at least one defoamer in an amount in the range of 0.1 wt.% to 1.5 wt.% with respect to the total weight of said composition;
(k) at least one additive; and
(l) at least one solvent,
wherein said anti-pollution agent is selected from anatase titanium dioxide (TiO2), hydrated lime (calcium hydroxide) and a combination thereof.
2. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said binder is selected from organic binder, inorganic binder, and a combination thereof.
3. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said binder is a combination of an acrylic polymer emulsion, and a silicone resin.
4. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said pigment is selected from rutile TiO2 (titanium dioxide TR-92) and colored metal oxide pigments.
5. The composition as claimed in claim 4, wherein said pigment is added in combination with an extender, wherein the said extender is selected from the group consisting of kaolin, calcined kaolin, talc, calcium carbonate, mica, barium sulphate, zinc oxide, and a combination thereof.
6. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said dispersing agent is selected from the group consisting of sodium polyacrylate, ammonium polyacrylates, polymeric dispersing agents, polyphosphates, styrene-maleinates, and a combination thereof.
7. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said surfactant is selected from alkyl aryl non-ionic, alkyl aryl anionic surfactant, and a combination thereof.
8. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said coalescing agent is selected from the group consisting of texanol, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate, triethylene glycol bis-2-ethylhexanoate, Trimethyl Pentanyl Diisobutyrate (TXIB), and a combination thereof.
9. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said filler is selected from the group consisting of calcined clay, talc, calcium carbonate, kaolin, barium sulphate, mica, and a combination thereof.
10. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said thickener is selected from the group consisting of cellulose, cellulose derivative, clay-based hydrogel, polyurethane solution in a mixture of water/diethylene glycol ether, and a combination thereof.
11. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said stabilizer is selected from the group consisting of sodium erythorbate, ascorbic acid, erythorbic acid, and a combination thereof.
12. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said defoamer is selected from the group consisting of mineral oil, modified mineral oil (silica and wax), mineral oil emulsions, siloxane, silicone emulsions, and a combination thereof.
13. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said solvent is selected from the group consisting of water, high boiling glycols, triethylene glycol, 2,2,4 trimethyl 1,3 pentanediol monoisobutyrate, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate, and a combination thereof.
14. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said additive is selected from a softening agent, an anti-agglomeration agent, and a combination thereof.
15. The composition as claimed in claim 14, wherein said softening agent is selected from the group consisting of sodium hexa meta phosphate (SHMP), tetra potassium pyrophosphate (TPPP), potassium tri poly phosphate (KTPP), and a combination thereof.
16. The composition as claimed in claim 14, wherein said anti-agglomeration agent is selected from the group consisting of monosodium glutamate, monopotassium glutamate, calcium glutamate, monoammonium glutamate, magnesium glutamate, and a combination thereof.
17. The composition as claimed in claim 14, wherein said softening agent is present in an amount in the range of 0.01 wt.% to 1 wt.% with respect to the total weight of said additive.
18. The composition as claimed in claim 14, wherein said anti-agglomeration agent is present in an amount in the range of 0.01 wt. % to 1 wt. % with respect to the total weight of said additive.
19. The coating composition as claimed in claim 1, said coating composition comprises:
(a) anatase TiO2 as an anti-pollution agent in an amount of 1 wt.% with respect to the total weight of said composition;
(b) hydrated lime (calcium hydroxide) as an anti-pollution agent in an amount of 12 wt.% with respect to the total weight of said composition;
(c) acrylic polymer emulsion as a binder in an amount of 19 wt.% with respect to the total weight of said composition;
(d) silicone resin as a binder in an amount of 1 wt.% with respect to the total weight of said composition;
(e) rutile TiO2 as a pigment in an amount of 7 wt.% with respect to the total weight of said composition;
(f) sodium polyacrylate as a dispersing agent in an amount of 2 wt.% with respect to the total weight of said composition;
(g) octyl phenol ethoxylate as a surfactant in an amount of 0.6 wt.% with respect to the total weight of said composition;
(h) 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate as a coalescing agent in an amount of 1.3 wt.% with respect to the total weight of said composition;
(i) calcined clay as a filler in an amount of 8 wt.% with respect to the total weight of said composition;
(j) calcium carbonate GCC A-04 as a filler in an amount of 13 wt.% with respect to the total weight of said composition;
(k) polyurethane solution in a mixture of water/diethylene glycol ether as a thickener in an amount of 0.4 wt.% with respect to the total weight of said composition;
(l) methylhydroxypropyl cellulose as a thickener in an amount of 0.45 wt.% with respect to the total weight of said composition;
(m) clay-based hydrogel as a thickener in an amount of 0.5 wt.% with respect to the total weight of said composition;
(n) sodium erythorbate as a stabilizer in an amount of 0.1 wt.% with respect to the total weight of said composition;
(o) mineral oil based silica modified defoamer in an amount of 0.2 wt.% with respect to the total weight of said composition;
(p) sodium hexa meta phosphate (SHMP) as a softening agent in an amount of 0.05 wt.% with respect to the total weight of said composition;
(q) monosodium glutamate as an anti-agglomeration agent in an amount of 0.1 wt.% with respect to the total weight of said composition; and
(r) q.s water,
wherein said composition is for interior use.
20. A process for preparing the coating composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said process comprising the following steps:
(i) mixing predetermined amounts of at least one solvent, at least one softening agent, at least one dispersing agent, at least one defoamer, at least one coalescing agent, at least one surfactant, at least one stabilizer, at least one anti-agglomeration agent, under stirring for a first predetermined time period at a first predetermined pH, and a predetermined temperature to obtain a first slurry;
(ii) slowly adding predetermined amounts of at least one pigment and at least one anti-pollution agent into said first slurry under a first predetermined stirring speed for a second predetermined time period to obtain a second slurry;
(iii) slowly adding predetermined amounts of at least one thickener into said second slurry under stirring for a third predetermined time period to obtain a third slurry;
(iv) slowly adding predetermined amounts of at least one anti-pollution agent, at least one filler, and at least one solvent into said third slurry under a second predetermined stirring speed for a fourth predetermined time period to obtain a fourth slurry;
(v) adding a predetermined amount of at least one solvent into said fourth slurry to obtain a fifth slurry;
(vi) slowly adding a predetermined amount of coalescing agent to said fifth slurry under stirring at a second predetermined pH to obtain a sixth slurry, further stirring the said sixth slurry under third predetermined stirring speed for a fifth predetermined time period;
(vii) adding at least one thickener and at least one solvent to the said sixth slurry under stirring at a first predetermined flow rate for a sixth predetermined time period to obtain seventh slurry;
(viii) filtering said seventh slurry to obtain filtrate and slowly adding at least one binder and at least one defoamer into said filtrate to obtain an eighth slurry;
(ix) adding at least one solvent into said eighth slurry and further mixing said eighth slurry under stirring for a seventh predetermined time period at a third predetermined pH to obtain a ninth slurry; and
(x) filtering the said ninth slurry to obtain the product.
21. The process as claimed in claim 20, wherein said third slurry is stirred for a time period in the range 15 to 20 min to obtain a resultant slurry free from lumps/bits.
22. The process as claimed in claim 20, wherein said first predetermined time period is in the range of 5 to 10 min, said second predetermined time period is in the range of 20 to 30 min, said third predetermined time period is in the range of 25 to 30 min, said fourth predetermined time period is 60 min, said fifth predetermined time period is in the range of 5 to 10 min, said sixth predetermined time period is in the range of 20 to 25 min, and said seventh predetermined time period is in the range of 25 to 30 min.
23. The process as claimed in claim 20, wherein said first predetermined pH is in the range of 7 to 10, and said second and said third predetermined pH is in the range of 10 to 13.
24. The process as claimed in claim 20, wherein said predetermined temperature is in the range of 25 to 45ºC.
25. The process as claimed in claim 20, wherein said first and said second predetermined stirring speed is in the range of 900 to 1400 rpm, and said third predetermined stirring speed is in the range of 300 to 1400 rpm.
26. The process as claimed in claim 20, wherein said first predetermined flow rate is in the range of 5 to 7 kg/min.
27. The process as claimed in claim 20, wherein said filtrate in step (viii) is filtered through a 100 number sieve and said ninth slurry in step (x) is filtered through a 20 number sieve.