CLIAMS:We Claim:
1) A composition for an earthing compound, wherein the composition comprises:
a. at least one ionic chemical in 15%-35% by weight;
b. at least one hygroscopic and expansion chemical in 65%-85% by weight; and
c. a dispersion chemical in 0.2%-0.5% by weight of the composition.
2) The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ionic chemical is a combination of one or more ionic chemicals.
3) The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ionic chemical is a combination of sodium chloride and potassium chloride, wherein the sodium chloride is in 4%-6% by weight and potassium chloride 19%-31% by weight.
4) The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hygroscopic and expansion chemical is bentonite.
5) The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dispersion chemical is carbon.
6) A method for installing an earthing system horizontally, wherein the method includes step of:
? excavating the earth to build a trench;
? laying an earthing conductor at the bottom of the trench;
? filling approximately 10-12.5 kg of earthing compound slurry in 1m every 4m of the trench; and
? pouring approximately 17-20 litres of water into the filled earthing composition.
7) The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the depth of trench is 1 meter.

8) A method for installing an earthing system with vertical electrodes, wherein, the method includes step of:
? boring the earth to make a pit;
? filling the pit with a slurry, wherein the slurry is made of 12.5-25 kg of earthing compound and 35-40 litres of water; and
? hammering the earthing rod in the middle of the pit.
9) The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the dimension of the pit is0.8m ×0.8m×0.8metre.
10) The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the method further includes the step of filling the pit with agricultural soil in the remaining portion of the pit after filling the slurry.
,TagSPECI:[001] DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION:
[002] The following specification particularly describes the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed:

[003] FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[004] The present invention generally relates to an earthing system. More particularly, the invention relates to a composition for an earthing compound and method of installing an earthing system using the earthing compound.

[005] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[006] An earthing system provides a drain path to all kinds of faults that may develop in an electrical system comprising of power circuits, control circuits etc. The nature of these faults is varied with respect to frequency, amplitude and time. Therefore, the earthing system of any installation needs to be thoroughly designed to handle all such faults effectively.
[007] Generally, an earthing system installation consists of an elaborate system of earth grid comprising of earth rods of electrodes, tapes or strips, and pipes that are connected to the electrical resistance property of the surrounding ground that helps to absorb and dissipate the fault currents from the carrier grid to the earth mass.
[008] If the soil resistivity of this earth mass is high, the penetration of the charges into the earth becomes poorer. The concentration of charges in the vicinity of the earth grid thus becomes high and creates high voltage. The presence of high voltage in the vicinity of the grid and its neighbouring area is a matter of concern and a serious hazard to the safety of human life and livestock.
[009] Many times, direct earthing of the electrical system may lead to the corrosion of the earth rods or electrodes, which causes failure in earthing itself. There are many existing earthing compounds used but most of them cause environmental hazard because of usage or certain chemicals. Many existing systems don’t provide satisfactory results due to presence of electrical noises, which reduce the efficiency of the earthing system. This compound also enhances soil conductivity to counter faults like electrical noise, which reduce the efficiency of the Earthing System.
[010] Therefore, while designing the earthing systems, one of the main concerns is to have an earthing compound, which effectively reduces the soil resistivity of the earth without leaching any harmful substance to the surrounding soil.
[011] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[012] To overcome the shortcomings in the prior art, the present invention provides an earthing compound composition which is environment friendly and corrosion resistant. The composition comprises at least one ionic chemical in 15%-35% by weight. The composition also includes at least one hygroscopic and expansion chemical in 65%-85% by weight and the composition has a dispersion chemical in 0.2%-0.5% by weight of the composition.
[013] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the ionic chemical is a combination of one or more ionic chemicals. The ionic chemical is a combination of sodium chloride and potassium chloride. The sodium chloride is in 4%-6% by weight and potassium chloride 19%-31% by weight. The hygroscopic and expansion chemical is bentonite and the dispersion chemical is carbon.
[014] The present invention also discloses a method for installing an earthing system using the earthing compound. There are two methods for installing the earthing system, first one is for horizontal installation and the second one is for vertical installation. According to an embodiment of the invention, the method for installing an earthing system horizontally includes the steps of excavating earth to build a trench and laying an earthing conductor at the bottom of the trench. The method further includes step of filling approximately 10-12.5 kg of earthing compound slurry in 1 meter of every 4 meters of the trench. The method also includes step of pouring approximately 17-20 litres of water into the filled earthing composition and covering the trench.
[015] According to another embodiment of the invention, the method for installing an earthing system with vertical electrodes includes steps of boring the earth with a hand augur to make a pit and filling the pit with slurry. Preferably, the slurry may be made of 12.5-25 kg of earthing compound and 35-40 litres of water. The method also includes step of hammering the earthing rod in the middle of the pit. In most preferred embodiment, the dimension of the pit may be of 0.8m ×0.8m×0.8m. The method further includes step of filling the pit with agricultural soil in the remaining portion of the pit after filling slurry.
[016] The present composition of earthing compound may be environment friendly as all the chemicals such as copper, cadmium, iron, lead, zinc, nickel, manganese, total chromium and hexavalent chromium are below the standard values. The present methods for installation of the earthing system along with the earthing compounds do not allow the soil to corrode the conducting materials.
[017] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[018] Figure 1 illustrates a table of composition of earthing compound in 1kg of weight in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
[019] Figure 2 illustrates a flow chart of the method for installing an earthing system horizontally, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
[020] Figure 3 illustrates a flow chart of the method for installing an earthing system with vertical electrodes, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
[021] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[022] In order to make the matter of the invention clear and concise, the following definitions are provided for specific terms used in the following description.
[023] The term “Ionic chemical” means chemicals that are capable to create ions for easy conduction of electrical charges.
[024] The term “Dispersion Chemicals” means chemicals that help in spreading the salts inside the earth pit.
[025] The term “Expansion chemicals” means chemicals that may expand up to 18-20 times and thus helps in removing the entrapped air.
[026] The term “Hygroscopic Chemicals” means chemicals that absorb atmospheric and surrounding moisture and retain it in the soil.
[027] It may be not that ‘m’ is used to denote metrics in meters and ‘kg’ is used to represent kilogram.
[028] The present invention provides an earthing compound composition. The composition essentially uses organic chemicals, which are environmentally safe and do not cause any health hazards. The earthing compound depending on soil condition, helps to entrap ions in required percentage of moisture to achieve 30-35% reduction in soil resistivity.
[029] According to an embodiment of the invention, the composition for an earthing compound includes at least one ionic chemical in 15%-35% by weight. These ionic chemicals help in conducting electricity easily. The composition also includes at least one hygroscopic and expansion chemical in 65%-85% by weight and has a dispersion chemical in 0.2%-0.5% by weight of the composition.
[030] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the ionic chemical may be a combination of one or more ionic chemicals. The ionic chemical may be a combination of sodium chloride and potassium chloride. The sodium chloride may be 4-6% by weight and potassium chloride may be 19%-31% by weight. In preferred embodiments, the hygroscopic and expansion chemical used may be bentonite and the dispersion chemical used may be carbon.
[031] Figure 1 illustrates a table of composition of earthing compound in 1kg of weight in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. An earthing compound of 1 kg of weight is made by mixing sodium chloride by 0.05 kg of weight and potassium chloride by 0.2475 kg of weight. The combination of sodium chloride and potassium chloride acts as ionic chemical, which assists in conducting electricity. The earthing compound further contains 0.7 kg of bentonite, which acts as hygroscopic and expansion chemical. The compound also includes 0.0025 kg of carbon, which acts as dispersion chemical. All the ingredients are powdered to 0.8 milli mete granules. The earthing compound composition is partially miscible in water.
[032] The present invention also discloses a method for installing an earthing system using the earthing compound. There are two methods for installing the earthing system, the first one is for horizontal installation and the second one is for vertical installation. Figure 2 illustrates a flow chart of the method for installing an earthing system horizontally, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. The method for installing an earthing system horizontally includes the step (201) of excavating the earth to build a trench. The method also includes the step (202) of laying an earthing conductor at the bottom of the trench. The method further includes the step (203) of filling approximately 10-12.5 kg of earthing compound slurry in 1 meter of every 4 meters of the trench. It may be noted that amount for filling earthing compound, described above, may be used and the amount may be 12.5 kg of earthing compound in 1m every 4m. The method also includes step (204) of pouring approximately 17-20 litres of water into the filled earthing composition. It may be noted that if 12.5 kg of earthing compound is used then the quantity of water required may be 20 litres. After water is added to the earthing compound, the trench is covered.
[033] Figure 3 illustrates a flow chart of the method for installing an earthing system with vertical electrodes, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. The method for installing an earthing system with vertical electrodes includes the step (301) of boring the earth with a hand augur to make a pit and step (302) of filling the pit with slurry, wherein the slurry may preferably be made of 12.5-25 kg of earthing compound and 35-40 litres of water. The method also includes step (304) of hammering the earthing rod or earthing electrodes in the middle of the pit. In most preferred embodiment, the dimension of the pit may be 0.8m × 0.8m × 0.8m. The method further includes step of filling the pit with agricultural soil in the remaining portion of the pit after filling the slurry.
[034] The present composition of earthing compound is environment friendly. As all the chemicals such as copper, cadmium, iron, lead, zinc, nickel, manganese, total chromium and hexavalent chromium are below the standard safe values. The present methods for installation of the earthing system along with the earthing compounds do not allow the soil to corrode the conducting materials. Thus, the invention provides an organic chemical earthing compound composition which is environmental safe. Moreover, the earthing compound is capable of entrapping ions depending on soil condition in required percentage of moisture to achieve 30-35% reduction in soil resistivity. The present invention helps in effectively reducing the soil resistivity of the earth without leaching any harmful substance to the surrounding soil.