FORM 2 THE PATENTS ACT 1970 [39 OF 1970] 8B THE PATENTS RULES, 2003 as amended by THE PATENTS (AMENDMENT) RULES, 2006 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION [See Section 10; rule 13] "A compound of Formula VII and the salts thereof with inorganic or organic acids" SANOFI-SYNTHELABO, a French company, of 174 Avenue de France, F-75013, Paris, France. The following specification particularly describes the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed: WO 00/47572 PCT/FR00/Q0284 (1-PHENACY-3-PHENYL-3-PIPERIDYLETHYL): PIPERIDINE DERIVATIVES, PROCESS FOR OBTAINING THEM AND PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING THEM 5 The present invention relates to noVel piperidine derivatives, to a process for preparing them and to pharmaceutical compositions containing them as active principle. More particularly, the present invention 10 relates to novel piperidine derivatives for therapeutic use in pathological phenomena involving the tachykinin system, such as, in a non-limiting manner: pain (L. Urban et al. f TINS, 1994, J/7, 432-438; L. Seguin et al., Pain, 1995, 62., 325-343; S.H. Buck, 1994, The 15 Tachykinin Receptors, Humana Press, Totowa, New~Jersey), allergy and inflammation (S.H. Buck, 1994, The Tachy¬kinin Receptors, Humana Press, Totowa, New-Jersey), gastrointestinal disorders (P. Holzer and U. Holzer-Petsche, Pharmacol. Ther., 1997, 13_, 173-217 and 219-20 263), respiratory disorders (J. Mizrahi et.al., Pharmacology, 1982, 2_5, 39-50; C. Advenier et al., Eur. Respir. J., 1997, 1_0, 1892-1906; C. Advenier and X. Emonds-Alt, Pulmonary Pharmacol., 1996, % 329-333), urinary disorders (S.H. Buck, 1994, The Tachykinin 25 Receptors, Humana Press, Totowa, New-Jersey; C.A. Maggi, Progress in Neurobiology, 1995, 4_5, 1-98), neurological . ^ disorders and neuropsychiatry disorders (C.A. Maggi et al., J. Autonomic Pharmacol., 1993, JL3, 23-93; M. Otsuka and K. Yoshioka, Physiol. Rev. 1993, T3, 229-308). Many research studies have been carried out in 5 recent years on tachykinins and their receptors. Tachy¬kinins are distributed both in the central nervous system arid in the peripheral nervous system. The tachy¬kinin receptors have been recognized and are classified into three types: NKlf NK2 and NK3. Substance P CSP) is 10 the endogenous ligand of the NKi receptors, neurokinin A (NKA) is that of the NK2 receptors and neurokinin B (NKB) is that of the NK3 receptors. The NKi, NK2 and NK3 receptors have been demonstrated in various species. 15 A review by C.A." Maggi et al. (J. Autonomic Pharmacol-, 1993, 1_3, 23-93) and a review by D. Regoli et" al. (Pharmacol. Rev., 19 94, 46_, 551-599) discuss tachykinin receptors and their antagonists and present the pharmacological studies and the applications in 20 human therapy. Many patents and patent applications describe compounds that are active on tachykinin receptors. Thus, European patent application 0 512 901 relates to the compounds of formula: in which, in particular: - Q' represents an oxygen atom or two hydrogen atoms, - T' = -C<0)- or -CH2-, and - Y, Ar\ V, m\ n', p' and q have different values. Patent application EP 0 714 891 relates to the compounds of formula: W N (B) in which: 10 - p" is 1/ 2 or 3; - m" and h" are independently 0 to 6"; - w, Ra, Rb, Re, Ra and Re have different values. Novel compounds have now been found which have very strong affinity and great selectivity for the human 15 NKi receptors of substance P and which are antagonists of the said receptors. Furthermore, the compounds according to the present invention have good bioavailability when they are administered orally. 20 These compounds can be used to prepare medicinal products that are useful in the treatment of any pathology in which substance P and the NKL receptors are involved, in particular in the treatment of path¬ologies of the respiratory, gastrointestinal, urinary, 5 immune, cardiovascular and central nervous systems as well as in the treatment of pain, migraine, inflam¬mations, nausea and vomiting, and skin diseases. Thus, according to one of its aspects, a subject of the present invention is compounds of 10 formula: in which: - Ar represents a phenyl monosubstituted or disubstituted with a halogen atom; a (C1-C3) allcyl; / S 15 - X represents a group R,-N ; a group R2-CH ; - Ri represents a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, a (C1-C3) alkyl or a trifluoromethyl; - R2 represents a group -CR3R4CONR5R5; - R3 and R4 represent the same radical chosen from a 2 0 methyl, an ethyl, an n-propyl or an n-butyl; - or alternatively R3 and R4, together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, constitute a (C3-C5) cycloalkyl; - R5 and R6 each independently represent a hydrogen; a (Ci-C3)alkyl; - or alternatively R5 and R6, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, constitute a hetero- 5 cyclic radical chosen from l-azetidinyl, 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-piperidyl, 4-morpholinyl, 4-thiomorpholinyl or perhydro-1-azepinyl; as well as the possible salts thereof with inorganic or organic acids, and the solvates- and/or hydrates thereof. 10 The compounds of formula (I) according to the invention comprise both optically pure isomers and mixtures thereof in any proportion. Salts of the compounds of formula (I) can be formed. These salts comprise both those with inorganic 15 or organic acids which allow a suitable separation or crystallization of the compounds of formula (I), such as picric acid or oxalic acid or an optically active acid, for example a mandeiic or camphorsulphonic acid, and those which form pharmaceutically acceptable salts, such 20 as the hydrochloride, hydrobromide, sulphate, hydrogen sulphate, dihydrogen phosphate, methanesulphonate, methyl sulphate, oxalate, maleate, fumarate, succinate; 2-naphthalenesulphonate, gluconate, citrate, benzene- sulphonate ox para-toluenesulphonate- 25 The term "halogen" means a chlorine, bromine, fluorine or iodine atom. In the present description, the alkyl groups are straight or branched. According to the present invention, the preferred compounds are those of formula: in which X and Ri are as defined for a compound of formula (I), as well as the salts thereof with inorganic or organic acids, and the solvates and/or hydrates thereof. 10 According to the present invention, the preferred compounds of formula (I) are those in.which Ar represents a 3,4-dichlorophenyl or a 3,4-dimethylphenyl. According to the present invention, the preferred compounds of formula (I) are those in which 15 the substituents Ri represent a chlorine atom, a methyl, an ethyl or a trifluoromethyl. According to the present invention, the preferred compounds of formula {I) are those in which X represents a group R2-N in which R- represents a group 2 0 -CR3R4CONR5R6. Particularly, the preferred compounds are those in which Rj and R4 each represent a methyl or alternatively, together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, constitute'a cyclohexyl. Particularly, the compounds which are also preferred are 5 those in which R5 and Re each represent hydrogen or a methyl. According to the present invention, the preferred compounds of formula (I) are those in which'X represents a group R _CH i-n which R2 represents a group 2 ^. 10 -CR3R4CON^sR6- Particularly, the preferred compounds are those in which R3 and R4 each represent a methyl or alternatively, together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, constitute a cyclopropyl or a cyclo- 15 hexyl. Particularly, the compounds which are also pr^ler^^d ax^ t_b^se. is\ tiKicb, &=, a.u»ctively. R3 and R4 each represent a-linear (Ci-C^alkyl or, together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, constitute a (C3-Cs) cycloalkyl. The nitrile derivative (XXII) thus obtained is 5 hydrolysed in step b3r according to the methods known to those skilled in the art, to give the carboxamide derivative (XXIII) . Optionally, in step c_3, the pyridine ring is hydrogenated, in the presence of a catalyst such as platinum oxide, according to the known methods, to 10 give a compound of formula (VII) in which R5 and R6 = H. In step dj>, alkylation reaction, according to the conventional methods described previously, of the compound of formula (XXIII), followed by reduction, by means of conventional catalytic hydrogenation, of the 15 compound (XXIV) thus obtained §ives a compound of formula (VII) in which R5 and/or R6 * H. The compounds of formula (VII) in which X -CH-CR^CONRjRs represents a group can also be obtained according to SCHEME 4 below. SCHEME 4 10 In step a_4 of SCHEME 4, reaction of compound 3_ with a suitable organolithium or organomagnesium derivative such as, for example, methyllith-ium, ethyl-magnesium chloride, propylmagnesiurn chloride or pentane-1,5-di(magnesium chloride), according to the methods described in EP-A-0 625 509, gives the alcohol of formula (XXV). The alcohol (XXV) thus obtained is oxidized in step b4_ into the acid of formula (XXVI) according to the method described in Helvetica Chimica Acta, 1972, .^5 (7), 2439. The acid (XXVI) is reacted in step c^ with an amine of formula (XIX) according to the conventional 5 methods of peptide coupling, to give compound (XXVII). Compound (XXVII) is deprotected in step d4, according to the known methods, to give the expected compound (VII). Compound _3 is prepared by reacting ethyl 10 isonipecotate with benzylbromide, in the presence of a base, according to the conventional alkylation methods. The compounds of formula (VII) are novel and form part of the invention. Thus, according to another of its aspects, a 15 subject of the invention is a compound of formula: in wnicn: - X represents a group a group - R2 represents a group -CR3FUCONR5FU; - R3 and Rfl represent the same radical chosen from a 0 20 methyl, an ethyl, an n-propyl or an n-butyl; - or R3 and R4, together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, constitute a (C3-C6)cycloalkyl; - R5 and R6 each independently represent a hydrogen; a (Ci-C3)alkyl; - or alternatively R5 and R6, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, constitute a hetero- 5 cyclic radical chosen from 1-azetidinyl, 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-piperidyl, 4-morpholinyl, 4-thiomorpholinyl or perhydro-1-azepinyl; and the salts thereof with inorganic or organic acids. The resolution of the racemic mixtures of the 0 compounds of formula (I) makes it possible to isolate the enantiomers of formula in which: - "*" means that the carbon atom thus labelled has the determined (S) or (R) absolute configuration; - X, Ar and R» are as defined for a compound of formula (I); as well as the possible salts thereof with inorganic or organic acids, and the solvates and/or hydrates thereof. However, it is preferable to carry out the resolution of the racemic mixtures from the intermediate compound of formula (II, E=H), which is useful for preparing the compound of formula (I) as described in the patent applications: EP-A-0 512 901, EP-A-0 612 716 and EP-A-0 591 040. According to another of its aspects, the present invention relates to a stereospecific process for preparing the compounds of formula (I) having the (S) configuration, the salts thereof and the solvates and/or hydrates thereof, characterized in that: Id) the (S) isomer of a compound of formula: in which Ar is as defined for a compound of formula (I), is treated with a functional derivative of the acid of formula: in which Ri is as defined for a compound of formula (I), to give a compound of formula: 2d) the compound of formula (IV*) is oxidized to give a compound of formula: .N-C-CHHQ 3d) the compound of formula (Viri*) is reacted with a compound of formula: X NH (VO) ; in which X is as defined for a compound of formula (I), in the presence of an acid, followed by reduction of the 5 intermediate iminium salt formed by means of a reducing ' agent; 4d) and, optionally, the compound thus obtained is converted into one of the salts thereof with an inorganic or organic acid. 10 The compounds of formula (I) above also comprise those in which one or more hydrogen or carbon atoms have been replaced with their radioactive isotope, for example tritium or carbon-14. Such labelled compounds are useful in research studies, of metabolism 15 or of pharmacokinetics, in biochemical tests as receptor ligands. The compounds according to the invention , underwent biochemical tests. The affinity of the compounds for the tachy-20 kinin receptors was evaluated in vitro by means of several biochemical tests using radio ligands; 1) The binding of [125IJ BH-SP (substance P labelled with iodine-125 using the Bolton-Hunter reagent) to the NKi receptors of human Iymphoblast cells (D.G. Payan'et al., 5 J. Immunol., 1984, 13_3' 3260-3265). 2) The binding of [L25I] His-NKA to human NK2 cloned receptors expressed by CHO cells (Y. Takeda et al., J. Neurochem., 1992, 5jJ, 740-745). 3) The binding of [125I] His [MePhe7] NKB to the NK3 10 receptors of rat cerebral cortex, of guinea pig cerebral cortex and of gerbil cerebral cortex as well as to the human NK3 cloned receptors expressed by CHO cells (Buell et al., FEBS Letters, 1992, 2^9, 90-95). The tests were carried out according to X. 15 Emonds-Alt et al., (Eur. J. Pharmacol., 1993, 250, 403-413; Life Sci., 1995, >6, PL 27-32). The compounds according to the invention . strongly inhibit the binding of substance P to the UKX receptors of human IM9 Iymphoblast cells. The inhibition 20 constant Ki for the human iymphoblast cell receptors is of the order of 10"llM. The inhibition constants Ki for the human NK-cloned receptors are of the order of 10~8M and the inhibition constants Ki for the human NK3 cloned 25 receptors are greater than 10'7M. The compounds of formula (I) are powerful and selective antagonists of substance P for the human NKi receptors. Thus, the compounds of formula (I) were also evaluated in vivo on animal models. 5 In guinea pig striatum, the local application of an agonist which is specific for the NK* receptors, for example [Sar9, Met(O2)u]substance P, increases the release of acetylcholine. This release is inhibited by oral or intraperitoneal administration of the compounds 10 according to the present invention. This test was adapted from the method described by R. Steinberg et al., J. Neurochemistry, 1995, 65, 2543-2548. These results show that the compounds of formula (I) are active orally, that they cross the 15 blood-brain barrier and that they are capable of blocking the action specific to the NKi receptors in the central nervous system. The compounds of formula (I) were evaluated in the test of bronchoconstriction in guinea pigs, 20 according to the method described by X. Emonds-Alt et al., European Journal of Pharmacology, 1993, 250, 403-413. The compounds of formula (I) administered intravenously strongly antagonize the broncho¬constriction induced by intravenous administration of 25 septide to guinea pigs under these experimental conditions. The in vivo pharmacological activity of the compounds of formula (I) was also evaluated in the mod-el of hypotension in dogs, according to the method described by X. Emonds-Alt et al., Eur. J. Pharmacol., 5 1993, 250, 403-413. The compounds of formula (I) administered intravenously strongly inhibit the hypo¬ tension induced by intravenous administration of.[Sar9, Met (O2)3i] substance P in anaesthetized dogs under these experimental conditions. 10 These results show that the compounds of formula (I) block the action specific to the NKi receptors in the peripheral nervous system. The compounds of the present invention are, in particular, active principles of pharmaceutical 15 compositions, whose toxicity is compatible with their use as medicinal products. The compounds of formula (I) above can be used at daily doses of from 0.01 to 100 mg per kilo of body weight of the mammal to be treated, preferably at daily 20 doses of from 0.1 to 50 mg/kg. In human beings, the dose can preferably range from 0.1 to 4000 mg per day, more particularly from 0.5 to 1000 mg depending on the age of the individual to be treated or the type of treatment; prophylatic or curative. 25 For their use as medicinal products, the compounds of formula (I) are generally administered in dosage units. The said dosage units are preferably formulated in pharmaceutical compositions in which the active principle is mixed with one or more pharmaceutical excipients. 5 Thus, according to another of its aspects, the present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing, as active principle, a compound of formula (I) or one of the pharmaceutical^ acceptable salts, solvates and/or hydrates thereof. 10 In the pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention for oral, sublingual, inhaled, subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous, transdermal, local or rectal administration, the active principles can be administered in unit forms of administration, 15 mixed with conventional pharmaceutical supports, to animals and to human beings. The appropriate unit forms of administration comprise oral-route forms such as tablets, gel capsules, powders, granules and oral solutions or suspensions, sublingual and buccal adminis-20 tration forms, aerosols, topical administration forms, implants, subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous, intranasal or intraocular administration forms and rectal administration forms. When a solid composition is prepared in the 25 form of tablets or gel capsules, a mixture of pharma¬ceutical excipients which can be composed of diluents such as, for example, lactose, miQrocrystalline cell¬ ulose, starch, dicalcium phosphate, binders such as, for example, polyvinylpyrrolidone, hy^roxypropylmethyl- cellulose, crumbling agents such as crosslinked poly- 5 vinylpyrrolidone, crosslinked carboxvmethyl- cellulose,' flow agents such as silica or talc, and lubricants such as magnesium stearate, stearic aci^i, glyceryl tri- ■ behenate or sodium stearyl fumarat^, is added to the micronized or non-micronized activ^ principle. 10 Wetting agents or surfact:ants such as sodium lauryl sulphate, polysorbate 80 or poloxamer 188 can be added to the formulation. The tablets can be prepared by various techniques: direct tabletting, dry granulation, wet 15 granulation, hot-melt. The tablets may be naked or sugar-coated (for example with sucrose) or coated witn various polymers or other suitable materials. The tablets can have a flash, delayed or 20 sustained release by preparing polymer matrices or by using specific filming polymers. The gel capsules can be s<3ft or hard, and coated with film or otherwise, so a% to have flash, sustained .or delayed activity (for.Example via an 25 enteric form). They can contain not only a solid formulation formulated as above for the tablets, but also liquid or semi-solid formulations. A preparation in the form of a syrup or elixir can contain the active principle together with a 5 sweetener, preferably a calorie-free sweetener, methyl paraben and propyl paraben as antiseptic agent, as well ' as a flavouring agent and a suitable colorant. The water-dispersible powders or granules can contain the active principle as a mixture with 10 dispersants, wetting agents or suspending agents, such as polyvinylpyrrolidone, as well as with sweeteners or flavour enhancers. For rectal administration, use is made of. suppositories which are prepared with binders that melt 15 at the rectal temperature, for example cocoa butter or polyethylene glycols. Aqueous suspensions, isotonic saline solutions or sterile, injectable solutions which contain pharma¬cologically compatible dispersants and/or solubilizing 20 agents, for example propylene glycol, are used for parenteral, intranasal or intraocular administration. Thus, in order to prepare an aqueous solution which can be injected intravenously, a co-solvent such asr for example, an alcohol such as ethanol or a glycol 25 such as polyethylene glycol or propylene glycol, and a hydrophilic surfactant such as polysorbate 80 or poloxamer 188 can be used. To prepare an injectable oily solution for intramuscular administration, the active principle can be dissolved with a triglyceride or a glycerol ester. 5 Creams, ointments, gels, eye drops and sprays can be used for local administration. Patches in multilaminar or reservoir form in which the active principle can be in alcoholic solution, and sprays can be used for transdermal administration. 10 An aerosol containing, for example, sorbitan trioleate or oleic acid as well as trichlorofluoro-methane, dichlorofluoromethane, dichlorotetrafluoro-ethane, freon substitutes or any other biologically compatible propellent gas is used for administration by 15 inhalation; a system containing the active principle alone or combined with an excipient, in powder form, can also be used. The active principle can also be in the form of a complex "with a cyclodextrin, for example a-, p- or 20 y-cyclodextrin or 2-hydroxypropyl-p-cyclodextrin. The active principle can also be formulated in . the form of microcapsules or microspheres, optionally with one or more supports or additives. Among the sustained-release forms which are 25 useful in the case of chronic treatments, it is possible to use implants. These can be prepared in the form of an oily suspension or in the form of a suspension of microspheres in an isotonic medium. In each dosage unit, the active principle of 5 formula (I) is present in the amounts suited to the daily doses envisaged. In general, each dosage unit is appropriately adjusted according to the dosage and the type of administration envisaged, for example tablets, gel capsules and the like, sachets, ampules, syrups- and 10 the like, or drops, such that a dosage unit contains from 0.1 to 1000 mg of active principle, preferably from 0.5 to 250 mg, which needs to be administered 1 to 4 times a day. Although these doses are examples of average 15 situations, there may be special cases in which higher or lower doses are appropriate, and such doses also form part of the invention. According to the usual practice, the dosage which is appropriate to each patient is determined by the doctor according to the mode of 20 administration, and the age, weight and response of the said patient. According to another of its aspects, the present invention relates to the use of the compounds of formula (I), or of one of the pharmaceutical^ 25 acceptable salts, solvates and/or hydrates thereof,■for the preparation of medicinal products intended for treating any pathology in which substance P and the human NKi receptors are involved. According to another of its aspects, the present invention relates to the use of the compounds of 5 formula (I), or one of the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates and/or hydrates thereof, for the preparation of medicinal products intended for treating pathologies of the respiratory, gastrointestinal, urinary, immune or cardiovascular system and of the 10 central nervous system, as well as for pain, migraine, inflammations, nausea and vomiting, and skin diseases. For example and in a non-limiting manner, the compounds of formula (I) are useful: - as analgesics, in particular in the treatment of 15 traumatic pain such as post-operative pain; neuralgia of the brachial plexus; chronic pain such as arthritic pain caused by osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis or psoriatic arthritis; neuropathic pain such as post¬herpetic neuralgia, trigeminal neuralgia, segmental or 20 intercostal neuralgia, fibromyalgia, causalgia, peripheral neuropathy, diabetic neuropathy, neuropathies induced by a chemotherapy, AIDS-related neuropathies, occipital neuralgia, geniculate neuralgia or glosso¬pharyngeal neuralgia; the illusory pain of amputees; 2 5 various forms of headache such as chronic or acute migraine, temporomandibular pain, maxillary sinus pain, facial neuralgism or odontalgia; pain experienced by cancer sufferers; pain of visceral origin; gastro¬intestinal pain; pain caused by compression of a nerve, pain caused by intensive sporting activity; dysmen-5 orrhoea; menstrual pain; pain caused by meningitis or arachnoiditis; musculoskeletal pain; pain in the lower back caused by a spinal stenosis, a prolapsed disc or sciatica; pain experienced by angina sufferers; pain caused by an ankylosing spondylitis; pain associated 10 with gout; pain associated with burns, cicatrization or pruriginous dermatosis; thalamic pain; - as anti-inflammatory agents, in particular for treating inflammations in asthma, influenza, chronic bronchitis (in particular obstructive chronic bronchitis 15 and COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)), coughing, allergies, bronchospasm and rheumatoid arthritis; inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal system, for example Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, pancreatitis, gastritis, intestinal inflammation, dis- ■ 20 orders caused by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, inflammatory and secretory effects caused by bacterial infections, for example caused by Clostridium difficile; inflammatory skin diseases, for example herpes and eczema; inflammatory bladder diseases such as cystitis 25 and urinary incontinence; ophthalmic inflammations such as conjunctivitis and vitreoretinopathy; dental inflammations such as gingivitis and periodontitis; - in the treatment of allergic diseases, in particular of the skin, such as urticaria, contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis and respiratory diseases such as 5 rhinitis; - in the treatment of diseases of the central nervous system, in particular psychoses such as schizophrenia, mania and dementia; cognitive disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, anxiety, AIDS-related dementia, 10 diabetic neuropathies; depression; Parkinson's disease; drug dependency; substance abuse; consciousness disorders, sleeping disorders, disorders of the circadian rhythm, mood disorders and epilepsy; Down's syndrome; Huntington's chorea; stress-related somatic 15 disorders; neurodegenerative diseases such as Pick's disease or Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease; disorders associated with panic, phobia or stress; - in the treatment of modifications of the permeability of the blood-brain barrier during inflammatory and 20 aut'oimmune processes of the central nervous system, for example during AIDS-related infections; - as a muscle relaxant and antispasmodic agent; - in the treatment of acute or delayed and anticipated nausea and vomiting, for example nausea and vomiting 25- induced by drugs such as the agents used in chemotherapy in the case of cancer; by radiation therapy during irradiation of the thorax or the abdomen in the treatment of cancer or carcinoidosis; by ingestion of poison; by toxins caused by metabolic or infectious disorders such as gastritis, or produced during a 5 bacterial or viral gastrointestinal infection; during pregnancy; during vestibular disorders such as travel sickness, vertigo or Meniere's disease; in post¬operative diseases; the nausea and vomiting induced by dialysis or by prostaglandins; by gastrointestinal 10 obstructions; in reduced gastrointestinal motility; in visceral pain caused by myocardial infarction or peri¬tonitis; in migraine; in altitude sickness; by ingestion of opiate analgesics such as morphine; in gastro-oeso-phageal reflux; in acidic indigestion or overconsumption 15 of food or drink, in gastric acidity or acor, regurgi¬tation, and heartburn, for example episodic or nocturnal heartburn or heartburn induced by a meal and dyspepsia; - in the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal system such as irritable bowel syndrome, gastric and 20 duodenal ulcers, oesophageal ulcers, diarrhoea, hyper¬secretions, lymphomas, gastrites, gastro-oesophageal reflux, faecal incontinence, Hirschsprung's disease and food allergies; - in the treatment of skin diseases such as psoriasis, 25 pruritus and burns, in particular sunburn; - in the treatment of diseases of the cardiovascular . system such as hypertension, the vascular aspects of migraine, oedema, thrombosis, angina pectoris, vascular spasms, circulatory diseases caused by vasodilation, Raynaud's disease, fibrosis, collagen diseases and 5 atherosclerosis; - in the treatment of small-cell lung cancer; cerebral tumours and adenocarcinomas of the urogenital sphere; -. demyelination diseases such as multiple sclerosis or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; 10 - in the treatment of diseases of the immune system associated with suppression or stimulation of the functions of the immune cells, for example rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, Crohn's disease, diabetes, lupus and rejection reactions after transplantation; 15 - in the treatment of miction disorders, in particular pollakiuria; - in the treatment of histiocytic reticulosis, for instance in lymphatic tissues; - as an anorexigenic agent; 20 - in the treatment of emphysema; Reiter's disease; haemorrhoids; - in the treatment of ocular diseases such as glaucoma, ocular hypertension, myosis and excessive lachrymal secretion; 2 5 - in the treatment or prevention of an epileptic fit, cranial trauma, spinal cord trauma, cerebral ischaemic lesions caused by vascular attack or occlusion; - in the treatment of disorders of heart rate and cardiac rhythm, in particular thos® occasioned by pain or stress; 5 - in the treatment of sensitive skin and for preventing or combating irritation of the skiP or mucous membranes, dandruff, erythema or pruritus; - in the treatment of neurological skin disorders such as lichens, prurigo, pruriginous tc^xidermia and severe 10 pruritus of neurogenic origin; - in the treatment of ulcers and ot all diseases caused . by Helicobacter pylori or a urease-'Pos:i-tive gram- negative bacterium; - in the treatment of diseases caused by angiogenesis or 15 in which angiogenesis is a symptom; - in the treatment of ocular and/or palbebral algia and/or ocular or palbebral dysesthesia; - as an antiperspirant. The present invention als® includes a method 20 for treating the said complaints at the doses indicated above. The pharmaceutical compositions according to the present invention can also cont#i-n other active products that are useful for treating the diseases or 25 disorders indicated above,•for example bronchodilators, antitussive agents, antihistamines, anti-inflammatory agents, anti-emetic agents and chemotherapy agents. The following abbreviations are used in the Preparations and in the Examples: DMF: dimethylformamide 5 DMSO: dimethyl sulphoxide DCM: dichloromethane THF: tetrahydrofuran ether: diethyl ether hydrochloric ether: saturated solution of hydrochloric 10 acid in diethyl ether BOP: benzotriazol-l-yloxytris {dimethylamino}phosphonium hexafluorophosphate m.p.: melting point b.p.: boiling point 15 RT: room temperature silica H: 60H silica gel sold by Merck (Darmstadt). The proton nuclear magnetic resonance {XH NMR) spectra are recorded at 200 MHz in DMSO-cU, using the DMSO-de peak as reference.- The chemical shifts 6 are 20 indicated in parts per million (ppm). The signals observed are, expressed as follows: s: singlet; bs: broad singlet; t: triplet; q: quartet; m: multiplet. PREPARATION 1.1 3-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-3-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine, 25 (-) isomer. The preparation of this compound is described in patent application EP-A-0 591 040. PREPARATION 1.2 3- (3,4-Dimethylphenyl)-3-[2-(2-tetrahydropyranyloxy)-5 ethyl]piperidine A) 2-(3,4-Dimethylphenyl)-4-(2-tetrahydropyranyloxy)-butanenitrile. 6.6 g of 60% sodium hydride in oil are added portionwise at RT to a solution of 20 g of 10 3,4-dimethylphenylacetonitrile in 100 ml of anhydrous THF, and the mixture is left stirring at RT for 2 hours. 29 g of l-bromo-2-(2-tetrahydropyranyloxy)ethane are then added dropwise and the mixture is left stirring at RT for 2 days. The reaction mixture is poured onto ice 15 and extracted with EtOAc, the organic phase is washed with water and with saturated NaCl solution and dried over Na2SO^ and the solvent is evaporated off under vacuum. The residue is chromatographed on silica gel, eluting ,with toluene and then with a gradient of a 20 toluene/EtOAc mixture from (99/1; v/v) to (90/10; v/v). 17 g of the expected product are obtained. B) Methyl 4-cyano-4- (3, 4-dimethylr>henyl) -6- (2-tetra- hydropyranyloxy)hexanoate 0.3 ml of a 40% solution of benzyltrimethyl-5 ammonium hydroxide (Triton®B) in M£OH is added to a mixture of 17 g of the compound obtained in the above step and 11 ml of methyl acrylate in 30 ml of dioxane, and the mixture is left stirring at RT for 48 hours. The reaction mixture is concentrated ui^der vacuum, the 10 residue is taken up in aqueous 0.5N HCl solution and extracted with ether, the organic phase is washed with aqueous 10% Na2C03 solution and dried over Na2S04, and the solvent is evaporated off undeif vacuum. 23 g of the expected product are obtained. 15 C) 5-(3,4-Dimethylphenyl)-5-[2-(2-tetrahydropyranyl- oxy)ethyl]-2-piperidone. 40 ml of 20% aqueous ammonia solution are added to a solution of 23 g of the compound obtained in the above step in 250 ml of 95% EtoH, followed by 20 addition of Raneys nickel. This mixture is then hydro-genated for 24 hours at 40°C and at a pressure of 16 bar. The catalyst is filtered off over Celite® and the filtrate is concentrated under vacuum. 22 g of the expected product are obtained. 25 D) 3-(3,4-Dimethylphenyl)-3-[2-(2-t^trahydropyranyloxy)-ethyl]piperidine. 22 . g of the compound obtained in the above step are added to a suspension of 10 g of lithium aluminium hydride in 200 ml of THF, followed by refluxing for 2 hours. After cooling to RT, 10 ml of 5 water and 80 ml of THF are added, followed by 10 ml of 4N NaOH and 30 ml of water. The mineral salts are filtered off over Celite® and the filtrate is concentrated under vacuum. 15 g of the expected product are obtained. 10 PREPARATION 2.1 3,5-Dichlorophenylacetic acid. (Ill): Ri = CI. A) 3,5-Dichlorobenzyl chloride. 15 A solution of 12.5 g of thionyl chloride in 20 ml of chloroform is added dropwise, at RT, to a solution of 14.5 g of 3,5-dichlorobenzyl alcohol in 150 ml of chloroform, followed by heating at 40-50°C for 8 hours and stirring at RT overnight. The mixture is 20 concentrated under vacuum to give 16 g of the expected product, which is used without further processing. B) 3,5-Dichlorophenylacetonitrile. A solution of 6.5 g of potassium cyanide in 50 ml of water is added to a solution of 16 g of the 2 5 compound obtained in the above step in 50 ml of EtOH, and the mixture is refluxed for 4 hours. The resulting mixture is concentrated under vacuum, the residue is taken up in water and extracted with ether, the organic phase is washed with water and dried over Na2SC>4, and the solvent is evaporated off under vacuum. The residue 5 is chromatographed on silica H, eluting with a heptane/toluene mixture (50/50; v/v) and then with toluene. 7 g of the expected product are obtained, which product is used without further processing. C) 3,5-Dichlorophenylacetic acid. 10 A solution of 8.4 g of KOH in 10 ml of water is added to a solution of 7 g of the compound obtained in the above step in 50' ml of EtOH, followed by refluxing for 5 hours. This mixture is concentrated under vacuum, the residue is taken up in water and the 15 aqueous phase is washed with ether, acidified to pH = 1 by addition of concentrated HCl and left stirring at RT overnight. The crystalline product formed is spin-dried, washed with water and dried under vacuum at 60 °C. 7 g of the expected product are obtained; m.p. = 112-114.5°C. 20 PREPARATION 2.2 3,5-Diethylphenylacetic acid. (Ill) : Ri = Et. A) 3,5-Diethylbromobenzene. A mixture of 20 g of 4-bromo-2,6-diethyl-25 aniline, 160 ml of acetic acid, 100 ml of concentrated HCl solution, 30 ml of water and 100 ml of EtOH is cooled to -5°C, a solution of 6.6 g Qf sodium nitrite in 25 ml of water is added dropwise and the mixture is left stirring at RT for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture is poured into 170 ml of 50% H3P02 cooled to 0°C and is 5 left stirring for 2 hours at 0°C and then for 48 hours at RT. The reaction mixture is extracted with ether, the organic phase is washed with watet, with IN NaOH solution, with water and dried ov^r Na2S04, and the solvent is evaporated off under v^cuum. The residue is 10 chromatographed on silica gel, eluting with cyclohexane. 18 g of the expected product are obtained. &) 3,5-Diethylbenzonitrile. A mixture of 24.7 g of the compound obtained in the above step and 12 g of cupr0us cyanide in 70 ml 15 of DMF is refluxed for 15 hours. After cooling to RT, the reaction mixture is poured int$ 50 ml of water and left stirring at RT until a gum fo^ms. The mixture is .Cooled on an ice bath, 150 ml of et;hylenediamine are 3dded and this mixture is left sti^ring at RT for :0 2 hours. The mixture is extracted With EtOAe, the organic phase is washed with water an^ dried over Na2SO< and the solvent is evaporated off Under vacuum. The residue is chromatographed on silica gel, eluting with a cyclohexane/EtOAc mixture (95/5; v/v> . 12 g of the 5 expected product are obtained. C) 3,5-Diethylbenzoic acid. A solution of 22 g of KOH in 15 ml of water is added to a solution of 12 g of the compound obtained in the above step in 60 ml of EtOH, followed by refluxing for 24 hours. The reaction mixture is concentrated under 5 vacuum, the residue is extracted with water, the aqueous phase is washed with ether and acidified to pH = 2 by addition of concentrated HCl, and the precipitate formed is spin-dried, washed with water and dried under vacuum. 13 g of the expected product are obtained. 10 D) Methyl 3,5-diethylbenzoate. A mixture of 13 g of the compound obtained in the above step in 90 ml of MeOH and 10 drops of H2S04 is refluxed for 48 hours. The reaction mixture is concentrated under vacuum, the residue is' taken up in 15 water, neutralized by addition of 10% NaHC03 solution and extracted with ether, the organic phase is■washed with 10% NaHC03 solution, with water and dried over Na3SO^, and the solvent is evaporated off under vacuum. 12 g of the expected product are obtained. 20 E) 3,5-Diethylbenzyl alcohol. A suspension of 2.5 g of lithium aluminium hydride in 50 ml of ThT is cooled to 0°C, a solution of 12 g of the compound obtained in the above step in 50 ml of THE is added dropwise and the mixture is left 25 stirring for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture is hydrolysed by addition of 2.5 ml of water, 2.5 ml of 4N NaOH and 7.5 ml of water. The mineral salts are filtered off and the filtrate is concentrated under vacuum. 10.9 g of the expected product are obtained, which product is used without further processing. 5 F) 3,5-Diethylbenzyl methanesulphonate. A solution of 8.4 g of methanesulphonyl chloride in 50 ml of DCM is added dropwise at RT to a solution of 10.9 g of the compound obtained in the above step and 7.4 g of triethylamine in 100 ml of DCM, and 10 the mixture is left stirring for, 30 minutes. The reaction mixture is concentrated under vacuum, the residue is taken up in water and extracted with ether, the organic phase is washed with water and dried over Na2S04, and the solvent is evaporated off under vacuum. 15 16 g of the expected product are obtained, which product is used without further processing. G). 3,5-Diethylphenylacetonitrile. A solution of 5.15 g of potassium cyanide in 20 ml of water is added to a solution of 16 g of the 20 compound obtained in the above step in 100 ml of DMF and the mixture is heated at 8'0°C for 1 hour. The reaction mixture is concentrated under vacuum, the residue is taken up in water and extracted with ether, the organic phase is washed with water and dried over Na^SO,;, and 25 the solvent is evaporated off under vacuum. The residue is chromatographed on silica H gel, eluting with DCM. 3 g of the expected product are obtained. H) 3,5-Diethylphenylacetic acid. A solution of 7.8 g of KOH in 10 ml of water is added to a solution of 3 g of the compound obtained 5 in the above step in 50 ml of EtOH, followed by refluxing for 5 hours. This mixture is concentrated under vacuum, the residue is taken up in water and the aqueous phase is washed with ether, acidified to pH = 1 by addition of concentrated HCl and left stirring at RT 10 overnight. The crystalline product formed is spin-dried, washed with water and dried under vacuum. 2.5 g of the expected product are obtained. lH NMR: 6 (ppm): 1.1 : t : 6H ; 2.4 : q : 4H ; 3.4 : s : 2H ; 6.8 : m : 3H ; 12.2 : bs : 1H. 15 PREPARATION 3.1 2-(4-Piperidyl)isobutyramide hydrochloride. (VII), HCl: X =-CH-CCCK^JJ-CONHJ. A) 2-Methy1-2-(4-pyridyi)propionitriie. A mixture of 3 g of 4-pyridylacetonitrile 20 hydrochloride in 50 ml of DMF is cooled to 0°C, 2.6 g of 60% sodium hydride in oil are added portionwise and the mixture is left stirring at RT for 2 hours. The reaction mixture is cooled on an ice bath, 6 g of methyl iodide are added dropwise and the mixture is left stirring at 25 RT overnight. The reaction mixture is poured onto a water/ice mixture and extracted with ether, the organic phase is washed with saturated NaCl solution, dried over MgSO^ and filtered, and the solvent is evaporated off under vacuum. The residue is chromatographed on silica H 5 gel, eluting with DCM and then with a DCM/MeOH mixture (98/2; v/v) . 2.39 g of the expected product are obtained in the form an oil which crystallizes. B) 2-(4-Pyridyl)isobutyramide hydrochloride. A mixture of 2.39 g of the compound obtained 10 in the above step and 10 ml of concentrated H2SO4 solution is heated at 100°C for 15 minutes. The reaction mixture is cooled to RT, 50 g of ice are added, this mixture is basified to pH = 1A by addition of concentrated NaOH' solution, the mineral salts are 15 filtered off, the filtrate is extracted with EtOAc and then with DCM, the combined organic phases are dried over MgSOfl and filtered, and the solvents are evaporated off under vacuum (m.p. = 134°C, base). The product obtained is dissolved in acetone and acidified to pH = 1 20 by addition of hydrochloric ether, and the precipitate formed is spin-dried. 2.9 g of the expected product are obtained. C) 2-(4-Piperidyl)isobutyramide hydrochloride. A mixture of 2.9 g of the compound obtained in 25 the above step, 1 g of Pt02 and 50 ml of MeOH is hydrogenated for 3 days at 60°C under a pressure of 60 bar. The catalyst is filtered off over Celite and washed with MeOH, and the filtrate is concentrated under vacuum. The residue is taken up in acetonitrile and the precipitate formed is spin-dried and washed with 5 acetonitrile and then with ether. 2.5 g of the expected product are obtained; m.p. > 260°C. PREPARATION 3.2 2-{1-Piperazinyl)isobutyramide dihydrochloride. IV1I>, 2HC1: X =-N-C(CH,VCONHr 10 A) 2- (4-Benzyl-l-piperazinyl)-2-methylpropionitrile. 4.5 ml of acetone, 20 g of dry MgSO<, 10 g of N,N-dimethylacetamide, 10 g of 1-benzylpiperazine and 9.5 ml of 2-hydroxyisobutyronitrile are mixed together and heated at 45°C for 48 hours with vigorous stirring. 15 The- reaction mixture is poured onto ice and left stirring for 30 minutes. The mixture is extracted with ether, the organic phase is.washed several times with water and dried over Na?S0i, and the solvent is evaporated off under vacuum. 13 g of the expected 20 product are obtained. B) 2~ (4-Benzyl-l-piperazinyl)isobutyramide dihydrochloride A mixture of 13 g of the compound obtained in the above step and 130 ml of 90% H2SO4 solution are 25 heated rapidly at 110°C for 30 minutes. After cooling to RT, the reaction mixture is poured onto ice and basified to pH = 10 by addition of concentrated NH4OH solution, and the crystalline product formed is spin-dried. The product is dissolved in DCM, the organic phase is dried 5 over MgS04 and the solvent is evaporated off under vacuum. The product is taken up in hydrochloric ether and the precipitate formed is spin-dried. 9.5 g of the expected product are obtained. C) 2- (1-Piperazinyl)isobutyramide dihydrochloride. 10 A mixture of 1.3 g of the compound obtained in the above step and 0.18 g of 10% palladium-on-charcoal in 30 ml of 95% EtOH is hydrogenated overnight at RT and at atmospheric pressure. The catalyst is filtered off over Celite® and the filtrate is concentrated under 15 vacuum. 0.6 g of the expected product is obtained. PREPARATION 3.3 1-(1-Piperazinyl)cyclohexanecarboxamide dihydrochloride (VII), 2HC1: X = 20 A) 1-(4-Benzyl-l-piperazinyl)cyclohexanecarbonitrile 5.7 g of cyclohexanone, 20 g of dry MgSO^, 10 g of N,N-dimethylacetamide, 10 g of 1-benzyl- piperazine and 9.5 ml of 2-hydroxyisobutyronitrile are mixed together and heated at 45°C for 48 hours with vigorous stirring. The reaction mixture is ■poured onto ice and left stirring for 30 minutes. The mixture is 5 extracted with ether, the organic phase is washed several times with water and dried over Na2S04, and the solvent is evaporated off under vacuum. 15 g of the expected product are obtained. B) 1-(4-Benzyl-l-piperazinyl)cyclohexanecarboxamide 10 dihydrochloride. This compound is obtained according to the procedure described in step B of Preparation 3.2, starting with 15 g of the compound obtained in the above step and 50 ml of 90% H-SO4 solution. 5.5 g of the 15 expected product are obtained. C) 1-f1-Piperazinyl)cyclohexanecarboxamide dihydrochloride. This compound is obtained according to the procedure described in step C of Preparation 3.2, 20 starting with 2.3 g of the compound obtained in the above step and 0.3 g of 10% palladium-on-charcoal in 30 ml of 95% EtOH. 1.6 g of the expected product are obtained. PREPARATION 3.4 2 5 N,N-Dimethyl-2-(l-piperazihyl)isobutyramide diformate. (VII), 2HC02H: X = -N-C(CH,)2-CON"(Mfi)2. A) N,N-Dimethyl-2-(4-benzyl-l-piperazinyl) isobutyramide. 1.44 g of 60% sodium hydride in oil are added portionwise to a mixture of 2.6 g of the compound 5 obtained in step B of Preparation 3.2 (free base) in 50 ml of anhydrous THF. 1.3 ml of methyl iodide are then added dropwise and this mixture is left stirring at RT for 4 hours. The reaction mixture is poured into water and extracted with ether, the organic phase is dried 10 over MgS04 and the solvents are evaporated off under vacuum. 1.8 g of the expected product are obtained. B) N,N-Dimethyl-2-(l-pipera2inyl)isobutyramide diformate. 2 g of ammonium formate and 0.5 g of 5% .15 palladium-on-charcoal are added to a solution of 1.8 g of the compound obtained in the above step in 30 ml of MeOK, and the mixture is left: stirring at RT for 4 hours. The catalyst is filtered off over Celite" and the filtrate is concentrated under vacuum. The residue 20 is taken up in EtOAc and the precipitate formed is spin-dried, washed with EtOAc and dried. 1.2 g of the expected product are obtained. PREPARATION 3.5 1-(4-Piperidyl)cyclohexanecarboxamide hydrochloride. 25 (VII), HC1: X = A) 1- (4-Pyridyl)eyclohexanecarbonitrile. A mixture of 3 g of 4-pyridylacetonitrile hydrochloride in 50 ml of DMF is cooled to 0°C, 2.6 g of 5 60% sodium hydride in oil are added portionwise and the mixture is left stirring at RT for 1 hour 30 minutes. The reaction mixture is cooled on an ice bath, 2.7 ml of 1,5-dibromopentane are added dropwise and this mixture is left stirring at RT for 48 hours. The reaction 10 mixture is poured into saturated NH4C1 solution and extracted with ether, the organic phase is washed three times with water and dried over MgSO<, and the solvent is evaporated off under vacuum. The residue is chromatographed on silica H gel, eluting with DCM and 15 then with a DCM/MeOH mixture (98/2; v/v). 2.5 g of the expected product are obtained; m.p. = 7 9°C. B) 1-(4-Pyridyl)cyclohexanecarboxamide hydrochloride. A mixture of 2-5 g of the compound obtained in the above step and 15 ml of concentrated H2S04 solution 20 is heated at 100°C for 15 minutes. The reaction mixture is cooled to RT, poured onto ice and basified to pH = 14 by addition of concentrated NaOH solution, and the precipitate formed is spin-dried, washed with water and dried. The product obtained is dissolved in acetone, acidified to pH = 1 by addition of hydrochloric ether and left stirring at RT for 30 minutes, and the precipitate formed is spin-dried. 3 g of the expected 5 product are obtained; m.p. = 224°C (dec.). C) 1-(4-Piperidyl)cyclohexanecarboxamide hydrochloride. A mixture of 2.9 g of•the compound obtained in the above step, 0.5 g of Pt02 and 50 ml of MeOH is hydrogenated for 3 days at 60°C, at a pressure of 10 80 bar. The catalyst is filtered,off over Celite® and the filtrate is concentrated under vacuum. The residue is taken up in acetonitrile and left stirring at RT for 1 hour, and the precipitate formed is spin-dried. 2.7 g of the expected product are obtained; m.p. = 235°C. 15 PREPARATION 3.6 N,N-Dimethy1-2-(4-piperidyl)isobutyramide hydrochloride. (VII), HC1: X = -CH-C(CH3VCON(CH3)2 A) Ethyl 1-benzyl-4-piperidinecarboxylate. 30 g of benzyl bromide are added dropwise to a 20 mixture of 25 g of ethyl isonipecotate and 25 g of K2C03 in 125 ml. of DMF, while maintaining the temperature of the reaction mixture between 25 and 30°C, and the resulting mixture is then stirred at RT for 1 hour. The reaction mixture is poured onto 1 litre of ice-cold 25 water and extracted twice with ether, the organic phase is washed with water and dried over MgS04, and the solvent is evaporated off under vacuum. The resulting oil obtained is distilled off under reduced pressure. 29.2 g of the expected product are obtained; b.p. = 120-5 122°C at 2.1 Pa. B) 2- (l-Benzyl-4-piperidyl)-2-propanol. A solution of 24.73 g of the compound obtained in the above step in 100 ml of benzene is added dropwise, while maintaining the temperature of the 10 medium between 25 and 30°C, to 200 ml of a 1.5M solution of methyllithium, as a complex with lithium bromide, in ether, under an argon atmosphere, followed by refluxing for 48 hours. The reaction mixture is cooled to RT and then poured into 400 ml of saturated NH^Cl solution in 15 water, which has been cooled beforehand on an ice bath. The mixture is extracted three times with ether, the combined organic phases are dried over MgSO^ and the solvent is concentrated under vacuum. The residue is dissolved in 100 ml of acetone, cooled to 10°C and 20 acidified to pH = 1 by addition of hydrochloric ether, and the precipitate formed is spin-dried and washed with an acetone/ether mixture (50/50; v/v). 24.5 g of the expected product are obtained in the form of the hydro¬chloride; m.p. = 204°C. To free' the base, the hydro-25 chloride is taken up in concentrated NaOH solution, extracted with ether and dried over MgSCu, and the solvent is evaporated off under vacuum. 21 g of the expected product are obtained; m.p. = 66°C* C) 2-(l-Benzyl-4-piperidyl)-2-methylpropionic acid. A mixture of 5.98 g of 95% sulphuric acid and 5 4.42 g of fuming sulphuric acid containing 30% SO3 is cooled to 3°C, and a solution of 2 g of the compound obtained in the above step in 1.55 g of 100% formic acid is added dropwise while maintaining the temperature below 1Q°C. The mixture is left stirring for 2 hours at 10 3-5°C and is then allowed to return to RT and is left overnight at RT. The reaction mixture is poured onto ice, the pH is brought to 6.5 by addition of concen¬trated NaOH solution and by addition of concentrated NH46H solution and extracted three times -with DCM, the 15 combined organic phases are dried over MgSO^ and the solvent is concentrated under vacuum. The residue is taken up in acetone and the precipitate is spin-dried and dried. 1.22 g of the expected product are obtained; m.p. - 195°C. 20 D) N,N-Dimethyl-2-(1-benzyl-A-piperidyl)isobutyramide hydrochloride. A mixture of 1.2 g of the compound obtained in the above step, 0.8 ml of triethylamine, 2.8 ml of a 2M solution of dimethylamine in THF and 2.5 g of BOP in 25 20 ml- of DCM is stirred for 1 hour at RT. The reaction-mixture is concentrated under vacuum, the residue is taken up in ether, the organic phase is washed with water, with IN NaOH solution, with saturated NaCl solution and dried over MgS04, and the solvent is concentrated under vacuum. The residue is chromato-5 graphed on silica H gel, eluting with DCM and then with a gradient of a DCM/MeOH mixture from (99/1; v/v) to (95/5; v/v). The product obtained is dissolved in acetone and acidified to pH = 1 by addition of hydrochloric ether, and the precipitate formed is spin-10 dried and dried. 0.8 g of the expected product is obtained; m.p. = 229°C. E) N,N-Dimethyl-2-(4-piperidyl)isobutyramide hydro¬chloride. A mixture of 0.8 g of the compound obtained in 15 the above step and 0.2 g of 10% palladium-on-charcoal in 20 mi of MeOH is hydrogenated overnight at atmospheric pressure and at RT. The catalyst is filtered off over Celite0 and the filtrate is concentrated under vacuum. The residue is dissolved in acetonitriie, ether is added 20 and the precipitate formed is spin-dried and dried. 0.51 g of the expected product is obtained; m.p. = 258°C. PREPARATION 3.7 1-(4-Piperidyl)cyclopropanecarboxamide hydrochloride. (VII), HC1: X = ^CH CONH, 5 A) 1-(4-Pyridyl)cyclopropanecarbonitrile. 3.5 g of 4-pyridylacetonitrile are added to a mixture of 2.5 g of sodium amide in 80 ml of DCM, followed by 2.6 ml of 1,2-dibromoethane, and the mixture is stirred overnight at RT. The reaction mixture is LO poured into water and extracted with EtOAc, the organic phase is washed with water and dried over Na2SOit and the solvents are evaporated off under vacuum. The residue is chromatographed on silica gel, eluting with DCM and then with a DCM/MeOH mixture from (99/1; v/v) to 15 (95/5; v/v). 2.5 g of the expected product are obtained. B) l-(4-Pyridyl)cyclopropanecarboxamide hydrochloride. A mixture of 2.5 g of the compound obtained in' the above step and 20 ml of 96% H2SO^ solution is heated rapidly to 100°C and left stirring for 1 hour at 100°C. 20 After cooling to RT, the reaction mixture is poured onto ice and" neutralized to pH -"7 by addition of 20% WH«]0H solution, and the precipitate formed is spin-dried, washed with water and dried. The precipitate is dissolved in DCM, acidified to pH ~ 1 by addition of hydrochloric ether and the precipitate formed is spin-dried. 1.8 g of the expected product are obtained. C) 1-(4-Piperidyl)cyclopropanecarboxamide hydrochloride. A mixture of 1.8 g of the compound obtained in 5 the above step and 0.6 g of Pt02 in 50 ml of MeOH is hydro'genated for 15 hours at 80°C and at a pressure of 100 bar. The catalyst is filtered off over Celite®, the filtrate is concentrated under vacuum to a volume of 5 ml and acetonitrile is added until crystallization 10 occurs. 1.7 g of the expected product are obtained after spin-drying and then drying. PREPARATION 3.8 2-Methyl-l-(4-morpholinyl)-2-(4-piperidyl)-1-propanone hydrochloride. 15 (VII), HC1: X « ^CH CO-N O A) 2-(1-Benzy1-4-piperidyl)-2-methyl-l-(4-morpholinyl)-1-propanone hydrochloride. A mixture of 1 g of the compound obtained in 20 step C of .Preparation 3.6 and 1.2 ml of thionyl chloride in 20 ml of 1,2-dichloroethane is heated at 80°C for 3 hours. The reaction mixture is concentrated under vacuum, the acid chloride thus obtained is dissolved in 20 ml of DCM, this solution is added to a mixture of 0.7 g of morpholine and 1.6 ml of triethylamine in 20 ml of DCM cooled beforehand to 0°C, and the resulting mixture is stirred at RT for 24 hours. The reaction mixture is concentrated under vacuum, the residue is extracted with 5 ether, the organic phase is washed with IN NaOH solution, with water and dried over MgS04, and the solvent is evaporated off under vacuum. The product obtained is dissolved in acetone and acidified to pH = 1 by addition of hydrochloric ether, and the precipitate 10 formed is spin-dried and dried. 0.7 g of the expected product is obtained. B) 2-Methyl-l-(4-morpholinyl)-2-(4-piperidyl)-1-propanone hydrochloride. A mixture of 0.7 g of the compound obtained in 15 the above step, 0.7 g of ammonium formate and 0.2 g of 10% palladium-on-charcoal in 10 ml of MeOH is stirred at RT for 4 hours. The catalyst is filtered off over Celite'" and the filtrate is concentrated under vacuum. The residue is dissolved in.acetonitrile, ether is added 20 and the precipitate formed is spin-dried and dried. 0.46 g of the expected product is obtained; m.p. = 225DC. EXAMPLE 1 3- [2- [4- (1-Carbamoyl-l-methylethyl)-1-piperidyl]ethyl}-25 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-[2- (3,5- dimethylphenyl)acetyl]piperidine hydrochloride monohydrate, (-) isomer. (I), HC1: X « H^CO-C^H^-CH-, Rj = Ma ; Ar = A) 3- (3, 4-Dichl.orophenyl) -3- (2-hydroxyethyl) -1- [2- (3, 5-5 dimethylphenyl)acetyl]piperidine, single isomer. 2.3 ml of triethylamine are added to a mixture of 2.0 g of 3,5-dimethylphenylacetic acid in 100 ml of DCM at RT, followed by 3 g of the compound obtained in Preparation 1 and 5.3 g of BOP, and this mixture is 10 stirred for 1 hour at RT. The reaction mixture is concentrated under vacuum, the residue is extracted with ether, the organic phase is washed with water, with 2N HC1 solution, with water, with aqueous 10% NaOH solution, dried over Na2S04 and filtered, and the 15 filtrate is concentrated under vacuum. The residue is-chromatographed on silica H gel, eluting with DCM and then with a DCM/MeOH mixture (98/2; v/v). 3.9 g of the expected product are obtained, which product is used in the following step without further processing. 20 B} 3-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-3-(formylmethyl)-1-[2-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)acetyl]piperidine, single isomer. A solution of 0.25 ml of oxalyl chloride in 3 ml of DCM is cooled to -70°C, under a nitrogen atmosphere, a solution of 0.35 ml of DMSO in 3 ml of DCM is added dropwise, followed by a solution of 0.5 g of the compound obtained in the above step in 5 ml of DCM, and the mixture is stirred for 15 minutes at -50°C. 0,9 ml of triethylamine is then added and the mixture is 5 left stirring while allowing it to return to RT. The reaction mixture is washed with water, with IN HC1 solution and with 10% NaHC03 solution, the organic phase is dried over Na2S04 and filtered, and the filtrate is concentrated under vacuum. 0.5 g of the expected product 10 is obtained, which product is used in the following step without further processing. C) 3-[2-[4-(l-Carbamoyl-l-methylethyl)-l-piperidyl]- ethyl-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-[2-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)- acetyljpiperidine hydrochloride monohydrate, (-) isomer. 15 0.08 ml of acetic acid is added at RT and under a nitrogen atmosphere to a solution of 0.24 g of the compound obtained in Preparation 3.1 (free base) in 3 ml of MeOH, followed by a solution of 0.5 g of the compound obtained in the above step in 5 ml of MeOH. 20 After 5 minutes, 0.08 g of sodium cyanoborohydride is added and the mixture is left stirring at RT overnight. The reaction mixture is poured into aqueous 10% NaHC03 solution and extracted with ether, the organic phase is washed with water, dried over N2S04 and filtered, and 25 the filtrate is concentrated under vacuum. The residue is chromatographed on silica H gel, eluting with DCM and then with a gradient of a DCM/MeOH mixture from (99/1; v/v) to (90/10; v/v). The product obtained is dissolved in DCM, acidified to pH = 1 by addition of hydrochloric ether and concentrated under vacuum, 0.5 g of the 5 expected product is obtained after trituration from ether, spin-drying and drying under vacuum. c£ = -27.7° (c = 1; MeOH) LH NMR : 6 (ppm) : 0.7 to 1.2 ; b$ : 6H ; 1.2 to 2.4 ; m : 16H ; 2.5 to 4.8 : m : 12H ,\6.5 to 8.0 : m : 8H ; 10 10.2 : bs : 1H. EXAMPLE 2 3-[2-[4-(1-Carbamoyl-1-methylethyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethyl-3- (3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-[2-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)acetyl]-piperidine dihydrochloride -2.1 H20, (-) isomer. 15 (I), 2HC1: 'a 0.23 g of the compound obtained-in Preparation 3.2 (free base) is added, at RT and under a nitrogen atmosphere, to a solution of 0.5 g of the compound obtained in step B of Example 1 in 20 ml of DCM, 20 followed by 0.1 ml of acetic acid, and the mixture is stirred at RT for 30 minutes. 0.55 g of sodium triacetoxyborohydride is then added and the mixture is left stirring at RT overnight. Aqueous 10% Na2CC>3 solution is added and the reaction mixture is stirred . for 15 minutes at RT. The reaction mixture is extracted with DCM, the organic phase is washed with aqueous 10% 5 Na2C03 solution, dried over Na2S04 and filtered, and the filtrate is concentrated under vacuum. The residue is chromatographed on silica gel, eluting with DCM and then with a gradient of a DCM/MeOH mixture from (99/1; v/v) to (95/5; v/v). The product obtained is dissolved in DCM 10 and acidified to pH = 1 by addition of hydrochloric ether, and the precipitate formed is spin-dried, washed with ether and dried under vacuum. 0.4 g of the expected product is obtained. 20 a = -37 (c = 1; MeOH) 15 lH NMR : 6 .{ppm) : 0. 6 to 2.3 : m ; 18H ; 2.3 to 4.7 : m : 16H ; 6.4 to 8.0 : m : 8H. EXAMPLE 3 3- [2- [4- (l-N,N-Dimethylcarbamoyl~l-rnethylethyl) -1- piperazinyl]ethyl]-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-l-[2-<3,5-20 dimethylphenyl)acetyl]piperidine dihydrochloride . 1.25 H20, (-) isomer. (I), 2HC1: X = 0.6 g of the compound obtained in step B of Example 1, 0.3 g of the compound obtained in Preparation 3.4, 0.1 ml of acetic acid and then 0.12 g of sodium cyanoborohydride are added, at RT, to 20 ml of MeOH and 5 the mixture is stirred overnight at RT. Aqueous 10% Na2C03 solution is added to the reaction mixture and the mixture is left stirring for 15 minutes. The mixture is extracted with EtOAc, the organic phase is washed with aqueous 10% Na2C03 solution, with water, with saturated 10 NaCl solution and dried over Na2S04, and the solvent is evaporated off under vacuum. The residue is chromato-graphed on silica gel, eluting with DCM and then with a gradient of a DCM/MeOH mixture from (99/1; v/v) to (95/5; v/v). The product obtained is dissolved in DCM 15 and acidified to pH - 1 by addition of hydrochloric ether, and -the precipitate formed is spin-dried, washed with ether and dried under vacuum. 0.4 g of the expected product is obtained. 20 a - -28.4° (c = 1; MeOH). D " 20 }H NMR : 5 (ppm) : 0.7 to 2.3 ; m : 18H ; 2.35 to 4.7 ; m : 22H ; 6.5 to 7.8 : m : 6H ; 10.3 : s : 1H. EXAMPLE 4 3-[2-[4-(1-Carbamoyl-l-methylethyl)-1-piperidyl]ethyl]- 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl>-l-[2-<3, 5-25 dichlorophenyl)acetyljpiperidine hydrochloride sesquihydrate, (-) isomer. (I), HCl: A) 3-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-l-[2- (3,5- dichlorophenyl)acetyljpiperidine, single isomer. 5 4.75 g of the compound obtained in Preparation 1, 3.55 g of the compound obtained in Preparation 2.1, 3.6 ml of triethylamine and then 8.4 g of BOP are added, at RT, to 150-ml of DCM and the mixture is left stirring at RT for 2 hours. The reaction mixture is concentrated 10 under vacuum, the residue is extracted with EtOAc, the organic phase is washed with IN HCl solution, with water,, with IN NaOH solution, with water, with saturated NaCl solution and dried over NazSC^, and the solvent is evaporated off under vacuum. 8 g of the expected product 15 are obtained, which product is used without further processing. B) 3- (3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-3-(formylmethyl)-l-[2-(3, 5-dichlorophenyl)acetyl]piperidine, single isomer. This compound is prepared according to the 20 procedure described in step B of Example 1, starting with 0.25 ml of oxalyl chloride in 6 ml of DCM, 0.38 ml of DMSO in 3 ml of DCM, 1 g of the compound obtained in the above step in 6 ml of DCM and then 1.5 ml of triethylamine. 1.0 g of the expected product is obtained, which product is used without.further processing. 5 C) 3- [2-[4-(1-Carbamoyl-l-methylethyl)-1-piperidyl]- ethyl]-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-l-[2-(3, 5-dichlorophenyl)-acetyl]piperidine hydrochloride sesquihydrate, (-) isomer. This compound is prepared according to the 10 procedure described in step C of.Example 1, starting with 0.25 g of the compound obtained in Preparation 3.1 (free base) in 3 ml of MeOH, 0.08 ml of acetic acid, 0.5 g of the compound obtained in the above step in 5 ml of MeOH and then 0.08 g of sodium cyanoborohydride. 15 0.52 g of the expected- product is obtained. 20 aD = -0.6° (c = 1; MeOH) . EXAMPLE 5 3-[2-[4-(1-Carbamoyl-I-methylethyI)-1-piperidylI ethyl]-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-[2-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)-20 phenyl]acetyl]piperidine hydrochloride monohydrate, (+) isomer. (I), HC1: A) 3-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-l-[2-f3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)acetyl]piperidine, single isomer. 1.2 g of the compound obtained in Preparation 5 1, 1-2 g of 3, 5-bis (trifluoromethyDphenylacetic acid, 1.7 ml of triethylamine and then 2.16 g of BOP are added, at RT, to 50 ml of DCM and the mixture is stirred for 15 minutes. The reaction mixture is concentrated under vacuum, the residue is taken up in IN HCl solution 10 and extracted with ether, the organic phase is washed with IN HCl solution, with water, with IN NaOH solution, with water and dried over Na2S04, and the solvent is evaporated off under vacuum. 2.1 g of the expected product are obtained, which product is used without 15 further processing. B) 3-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-3-(formylmethyl)-l-[2-[3,5-bis (trifluoromethyl)phenyl ]acetyl.]piperidine, single isomer. 20 ml of DCM are cooled to -78°C, 1.5 g of the 20 compound obtained in the above step, 0.45 ml of DMSO and then 0.3 ml of oxalyl chloride are added, under a nitrogen atmosphere, and the mixture is then left stirring at -78°C for 30 minutes. 2 ml of triethylamine are then added and the mixture is stirred while allowing 25 it to return to RT. IN HCl solution is added to the reaction mixture, the resulting mixture is extracted with DCM, the organic phase is washed with IN HCl solution, with water, with aqueous 10% Na2COj solution and dried over Na2S0^, and the solvent is evaporated off under vacuum. 1.5 g of the expected product are 5 obtained, which product is used without further processing. C) 3-[2~{4- (1-Carbamoyl-l-methylethyl)-1-piperidyl]-ethyl]-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-[2-[3,5-bis(trifluoro-methyl)phenylJ acetylIpiperidine, hydrochloride mono-10 hydrate, (+) isomer. A mixture of 0.35 g of the compound obtained in Preparation 3.1 and 0.4 g of K2C03 in 10 ml of aceto-nitrile is refluxed for 3 hours. An insoluble material is filtered off and the filtrate is concentrated under 15 vacuum. The product of Preparation 3.1 in the form of the free base thus obtained is dissolved in 3 ml of MeOH, 0.08 ml of acetic acid is added, followed by a solution of 0.5 g of the compound obtained in the above step in 5 ml of MeOH, and the mixture is left stirring .20 at RT for 5 minutes. 0.08 g of sodium cyanoborohydride is then added and the mixture is left stirring overnight at RT. The reaction mixture is poured onto aqueous 1D% NaHCO} solution and extracted with ether, the organic phase is washed with water and dried over Na2$0