Description:FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[001] The present invention relates to a cooling and electricity generation system and a method thereof. It is particularly applicable to a cooling system that uses low grade heat from the atmosphere and converts it into electricity.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[002] Conventional air conditioning systems or cooling systems work by passing hot air over a refrigerant gas which in turn cools the air and this is passed into the area requiring cooling and the process continues as a loop.
[003] Unfortunately, the conventional air conditioning systems add to the negative feedback loop that is accelerating climate change. The earth warms and more heat enters a building whereupon, air conditioning and cooling devices reject the heat inside and place it outside the building. In doing so, these systems generate carbon and heat which in turn accelerates climate change and this is set to continue.
[004] In order to break this positive feedback loop, the heat infiltrating a building needs to be converted to work in the form of electricity or potential energy via compressed pressure. The invention uses an expansion/condensing turbine to convert the heat to work (electricity) or store this energy as pressure to be released into a turbine later (a gas battery).
[005] Thus, there remains a need for a system and a method that address the problems mentioned above and utilize the low-grade heat available from a heat source and convert it into electricity and simultaneously cools the atmosphere, while remaining economical, efficient, retrofittable and convenient to use.
OBJECTS
[006] Some of the objects of the present disclosure, which at least one embodiment herein satisfies, are as follows:
[007] An object of the present disclosure is to ameliorate one or more problems of the prior art or to at least provide a useful alternative.
[008] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a cooling system and a method thereof.
[009] Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide a cooling system that can generate electricity generation and a method thereof.
[0010] Other objects and advantages of the present disclosure will be more apparent from the following description, which is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.
SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0011] The present invention provides a cooling and energy generation system to provide cooling and electricity simultaneously comprises an energy collector, at least one first pressure vessel (FPV), at least one second pressure vessel (SPV), a turbine, a first refrigerant sub-system, a second refrigerant sub-system, a plurality of valves and a controller.
[0012] The energy collector is configured to extract heat from a source, wherein the energy collector comprises at least one tube through which the first heat exchanger fluid flows to extract heat from the source. The source is selected from the atmosphere, water stored in a tank, a room, a river, an ocean, geothermal or solar heat. In a preferred embodiment, the atmosphere is selected as the source of energy.
[0013] The first pressure vessel (FPV) is thermally coupled with the energy collector. The FPV is configured to work as a sublimation vessel, wherein a phase change material (PCM) is kept to sublimates into a high-pressure gas. The FPV is also configured to work as a deposition vessel, wherein the gas is deposited into a phase change material (PCM). The phase change material (PCM) is selected from dry ice (carbon dioxide CO2), liquid nitrogen, liquid oxygen, iodine, menthol, or camphor.
[0014] The second pressure vessel (SPV) is thermally coupled with the energy collector. The SPV is configured to work as a deposition vessel, while the FBV is working as a sublimation vessel. The SPV is also configured to work as a sublimation vessel when the FBV is working as a deposition vessel.
[0015] The sublimation vessel is configured to sublimate a phase change material (PCM) into gas by utilizing the heat extracted from the energy collector via the first refrigerant sub-system. The deposition vessel is configured to deposit the gas back into the phase change material (PCM) by rejecting heat to a heat sink via the second refrigerant sub-system.
[0016] The turbine has an inlet and an outlet. The inlet of the turbine is fluidly connected with the sublimation vessel via means of first conduit and the outlet of the turbine is fluidically connected to the deposition vessel via means of a second conduit. The turbine is configured to be driven by the high-pressure gas coming from the sublimation vessel and generate electricity.
[0017] In different embodiments, the first and second refrigerant is selected from R32, R-134a, R-410A, R-407C, and R-22, ethanol, glycol, liquid nitrogen.
[0018] The first refrigerant sub-system is having the first refrigerant. The first refrigerant sub-system is configured to thermally connect the energy collector with the sublimation vessel. The first refrigerant sub-system collects heat from the energy collector and transfers the collected heat to the sublimation vessel. The second refrigerant sub-system has a second refrigerant. The second refrigerant sub-system is configured to thermally connect the deposition vessel with a heat sink. The second refrigerant sub-system collects the heat generated from the deposition of gas into phase change material (PCM) and transfers the collected heat to a heat sink.
[0019] In an embodiment, the second refrigerant sub-system is configured to thermally connect the deposition vessel to the heat sink via a cooling condenser or compressor. The condenser or compressor extracts heat from the refrigerant flowing through the second refrigerant subsystem and delivers it to the heat sink, wherein the heat sink is selected from atmosphere, river, water tank and ocean. In a preferred embodiment the extracted heat is rejected into the atmosphere.
[0020] The valves are configured for precise control of gas flow and refrigerant flow within the system. The controller is configured to control the opening and closing of the valves to control the flow of refrigerants and gases within the system.
[0021] In an optional embodiment, the cooling and electricity generation system comprises a high-pressure vessel (HPV). The HPV is fluidically coupled with the FPV and second pressure vessel (SPV) to store the high-pressure gas formed in the sublimation vessel. The gas stored in HPV is used to run the turbine.
[0022] In an embodiment, the cooling and electricity generation system further comprises a plurality of pressure sensors, a plurality of temperature sensors, and a flowmeter. The pressure sensors are configured to sense the pressure within the sublimation vessels, deposition vessels and high-pressure vessels, and send the readings to the controller. The temperature sensors are configured to sense the temperature within the sublimation vessels, deposition vessels and high-pressure vessels, and send the readings to the controller. The flowmeter is configured to measure the flow rate at the outlet of the turbine to measure the flow rate of the gases and send the readings to the controller.
[0023] The turbine generator is selected from a reaction turbine, impulse turbine or hybrid reaction-impulse turbine. In a preferred embodiment, the turbine generator is a hybrid reaction-impulse turbine.
[0024] The cooling and electricity generation system further comprises a plurality of valves for precise control of flows within the system. The turbine generator has a screw pump configured to evacuate the first chamber at the end of the sublimation, used only at the end of the cycle when the gas in the first chamber does not have sufficient pressure to run the turbine.
[0025] The cooling and electricity generation system works in repetition of two cycles i.e. first cycle and second cycle. In the beginning of the first cycle, the first pressure vessel is provided with phase change material (PCM) and the first pressure vessel acts as a sublimation chamber and the second pressure vessel is empty and acts as a deposition vessel. At the end of the first cycle, the first pressure vessel is empty, and the second pressure vessel has been deposited with the phase change material (PCM). In the beginning of the second cycle, the emptied first pressure vessel now acts as a deposition chamber and the second pressure vessel acts as a sublimation vessel, which already has deposited phase change material (PCM). In the end, the second pressure vessel is empty, and the first pressure vessel has deposited phase change material (PCM).
[0026] The phase change material (PCM) is selected from dry ice (carbon dioxide CO2), liquid nitrogen, liquid oxygen, iodine, menthol, or camphor. In a preferred embodiment, the phase change material (PCM) is dry ice (carbon dioxide CO2).
[0027] The refrigerant is selected from R32, R-134a, R-410A, R-407C, and R-22, ethanol, glycol, liquid nitrogen. In a preferred embodiment, the refrigerant is R-32.
[0028] In an embodiment, the deposition vessel is maintained at vacuum with the help of a vacuum pump at the beginning of the cycle. The suction is provided at the exit of the turbine via a bypass valve, the vacuum pump evacuates the deposition vessel to create a negative pressure before the gas deposits making the system more efficient. The vacuum pump is provided at the exit of the turbine via a bypass valve, the vacuum pump evacuates the deposition vessel to create a negative pressure before the gas deposits and makes the system more efficient. Further the cooling and electricity generation system also comprises a screw pump configured to evacuate the sublimation vessel at the end of the sublimation. The screw pump is used only at the end of the cycle when the gas in the sublimation vessel does not have sufficient pressure to run the turbine.
[0029] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a cooling and electricity generation method to provide cooling and generate electricity simultaneously. the method comprises following steps:
a. extracting heat from a source by using a energy collector that cools down the source by means of a first refrigerant sub-system having the first refrigerant and thermally connect the energy collector with a sublimation vessel, wherein the first refrigerant sub-system is configured to transfer heat from the energy collector to the sublimation vessel;
b. delivering the extracted heat to a sublimation vessel, wherein the sublimation vessel is having a phase change material (PCM);
c. sublimating the PCM into a high-pressure gas with the extracted heat;
d. storing the high-pressure gas in a high-pressure vessel;
e. generating electricity by rotating a turbine with the high-pressure gas received from the high-pressure vessel;
f. depositing the gas coming from the turbine in a deposition vessel, wherein the deposition vessel maintained at vacuum, and the heat liberated during the deposition of PCM is extracted by means of a second refrigerant sub-system having a second refrigerant and thermally connect the deposition vessel to a heat sink, wherein the second refrigerant sub-system is configured to transfer the heat generated from the deposition of gas into phase change material (PCM) to a heat sink;
g. repeating steps “a” to “f” by sublimating the PCM deposited in the deposition vessel into a high-pressure gas by using the heat extracted from the source and generating electricity by rotating the turbine with high pressure gas and further depositing the used gas; and
h. repeating steps “a” to “g” in cycle for continuous cooling of source and generation of electricity.
[0030] The first pressure vessel (FPV) is either configured to work as a sublimation vessel having a phase change material (PCM) in it, that sublimates to a high-pressure gas, or the FPV is configured to work as a deposition vessel wherein the gas is depositing into a phase change material (PCM). The second pressure vessel (SPV) is configured to work as a deposition vessel while the FBV is working as a sublimation vessel, or the SPV is configured to work as a sublimation vessel if the FBV is working as a deposition vessel.
[0031] The first and second refrigerant is selected from R32, R-134a, R-410A, R-407C, and R-22, ethanol, glycol, liquid nitrogen.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0032] FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the cooling and electricity generation system embodiment constructed in accordance with the present invention.
LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERAL
100 : Cooling and electricity generation system
102 : Energy collector
104 : First pressure vessel (FPV)
106 : Second pressure vessel (SPV)
108 : Turbine
110 : First refrigerant sub-system
112 : Second refrigerant sub-system
114 : High-pressure vessel (HPV)
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0033] Embodiments are provided so as to thoroughly and fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to the person skilled in the art. Numerous details are set forth, relating to specific components, and methods, to provide a complete understanding of embodiments of the present disclosure. It will be apparent to the person skilled in the art that the details provided in the embodiments should not be construed to limit the scope of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, well-known processes, well-known apparatus structures, and well-known techniques are not described in detail.
[0034] The terminology used in the present disclosure is only for the purpose of explaining a particular embodiment and such terminology shall not be considered to limit the scope of the present disclosure. As used in the present disclosure, the forms "a," "an," and "the" may be intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly suggests otherwise. The terms "comprises," "comprising," "including," and "having," are open-ended transitional phrases and therefore specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, modules, units and/or components, but do not forbid the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. The particular order of steps disclosed in the method and process of the present disclosure is not to be construed as necessarily requiring their performance as described or illustrated. It is also to be understood that additional or alternative steps may be employed.?
[0035] The terms first, second, third, etc., should not be construed to limit the scope of the present disclosure as the aforementioned terms may be only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another component, region, layer or section. Terms such as first, second, third, etc., when used herein do not imply a specific sequence or order unless clearly suggested by the present disclosure.
[0036] Traditional cooling or air conditioning systems operate by passing hot air through a refrigerant gas, which cools the air before being sent into the area that needs cooling. This process is repeated in a loop.
[0037] Regrettably, traditional air conditioning systems contribute to the negative feedback loop speeding up climate change. As the planet heats, more heat enters buildings; as a result, air conditioning and cooling systems push the heat outside the structure. These systems produce heat and carbon as a result, accelerating climate change, which is expected to continue.
[0038] The heat that enters a building must be transformed into work in the form of electricity or potential energy via compressed pressure in order to break this positive feedback loop. The innovation either stores this energy as pressure to be released later into a turbine or converts it from heat to work (electricity) using an expansion/condensing turbine (a gas battery).
[0039] There is still a need for a system and a method that solves the aforementioned issues, makes use of the low-grade heat from a heat source, converts it into energy, and cools the atmosphere all at the same time while being cost-effective, effective, retrofittable, and easy to use.
[0040] In an aspect, the present disclosure provides a cooling and energy generation system which solves the problem mentioned hereinabove. FIG.1, illustrate a schematic representation of the cooling and electricity generation system (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention. The cooling and electricity generation system (100) to provide cooling and electricity simultaneously comprises an energy collector (102), at least one first pressure vessel (FPV) (104), at least one second pressure vessel (SPV) (106), a turbine (108), a first refrigerant sub-system (110), a second refrigerant sub-system (112), a plurality of valves and a controller.
[0041] The energy collector (102) is configured to extract heat from a source, wherein the energy collector (102) comprises at least one tube through which the first heat exchanger fluid flows to extract heat from the source. The source is selected from the atmosphere, water stored in a tank, a room, a river, an ocean, geothermal or solar heat. In a preferred embodiment, the atmosphere is selected as the source of energy.
[0042] The first pressure vessel (FPV) (104) is thermally coupled with the energy collector (102). The FPV (104) is configured to work as a sublimation vessel, wherein a phase change material (PCM) is kept to sublimates into a high-pressure gas. The FPV (104) is also configured to work as a deposition vessel, wherein the gas is deposited into a phase change material (PCM). The phase change material (PCM) is selected from dry ice (carbon dioxide CO2), liquid nitrogen, liquid oxygen, iodine, menthol, or camphor.
[0043] The second pressure vessel (SPV) (106) is thermally coupled with the energy collector (106). The SPV (106) is configured to work as a deposition vessel, while the FBV (104) is working as a sublimation vessel. The SPV (106) is also configured to work as a sublimation vessel when the FBV (104) is working as a deposition vessel.
[0044] The sublimation vessel is configured to sublimate a phase change material (PCM) into gas by utilizing the heat extracted from the energy collector (102) via first refrigerant sub-system (110). The deposition vessel is configured to deposit the gas back into the phase change material (PCM) by rejecting heat to a heat sink via the second refrigerant sub-system (112).
[0045] The turbine (108) has an inlet and an outlet. The inlet of the turbine (108) is fluidly connected with the sublimation vessel via means of first conduit and the outlet of the turbine (108) is fluidically connected to the deposition vessel via means of a second conduit. The turbine (108) is configured to be driven by the high-pressure gas coming from the sublimation vessel and generate electricity.
[0046] In different embodiments, the first and second refrigerant is selected from R32, R-134a, R-410A, R-407C, and R-22, ethanol, glycol, liquid nitrogen.
[0047] The first refrigerant sub-system (110) is having the first refrigerant. The first refrigerant sub-system (110) is configured to thermally connect the energy collector (102) with the sublimation vessel. The first refrigerant sub-system (110) collects heat from the energy collector (102) and transfers the collected heat to the sublimation vessel. The second refrigerant sub-system (112) is having a second refrigerant. The second refrigerant sub-system (112) is configured to thermally connect the deposition vessel with a heat sink. The second refrigerant sub-system (112) collects the heat generated from the deposition of gas into phase change material (PCM) and transfers the collected heat to a heat sink.
[0048] In an embodiment, the second refrigerant sub-system (112) is configured to thermally connect the deposition vessel to the heat sink via a cooling condenser or compressor. The condenser or compressor extracts heat from the refrigerant flowing through the second refrigerant subsystem and delivers it to the heat sink, wherein the heat sink is selected from atmosphere, river, water tank and ocean. In a preferred embodiment the extracted heat is rejected into the atmosphere.
[0049] The valves are configured for precise control of gas flow and refrigerant flow within the system (100). The controller is configured to control the opening and closing of the valves to control the flow of refrigerants and gases within the system (100).
[0050] In an optional embodiment, the cooling and electricity generation system (100) comprises a high-pressure vessel (HPV) (114). The HPV (114) is fluidically coupled with the FPV (104) and second pressure vessel (SPV) (106) to store the high-pressure gas formed in the sublimation vessel. The gas stored in HPV (114) is used to run the turbine (108).
[0051] In an embodiment, the cooling and electricity generation system (100) further comprises a plurality of pressure sensors, a plurality of temperature sensors, and a flowmeter. The pressure sensors are configured to sense the pressure within the sublimation vessels, deposition vessels and high-pressure vessels, and send the readings to the controller. The temperature sensors are configured to sense the temperature within the sublimation vessels, deposition vessels and high-pressure vessels, and send the readings to the controller. The flowmeter is configured to measure the flow rate at the outlet of the turbine to measure the flow rate of the gases and send the readings to the controller.
[0052] The turbine generator (108) is selected from a reaction turbine, impulse turbine or hybrid reaction-impulse turbine. In a preferred embodiment, the turbine generator (108) is a hybrid reaction-impulse turbine.
[0053] The cooling and electricity generation system (100) further comprises a plurality of valves for precise control of flows within the system (100). The turbine generator (108) has a screw pump configured to evacuate the first chamber at the end of the sublimation, used only at the end of the cycle when the gas in the first chamber does not have sufficient pressure to run the turbine.
[0054] The cooling and electricity generation system (100) works in repetition of two cycles i.e. first cycle and second cycle. In the beginning of the first cycle, the first pressure vessel (104) is provided with phase change material (PCM) and the first pressure vessel (104) acts as a sublimation chamber and the second pressure vessel (106) is empty and acts as a deposition vessel. At the end of the first cycle, the first pressure vessel (104) is empty, and the second pressure vessel (106) has been deposited with the phase change material (PCM). In the beginning of the second cycle, the emptied first pressure vessel (104) now acts as a deposition chamber and the second pressure vessel (106) acts as a sublimation vessel, which already has deposited phase change material (PCM). In the end, the second pressure vessel (106) is empty, and the first pressure vessel (104) has deposited phase change material (PCM).
[0055] The phase change material (PCM) is selected from dry ice (carbon dioxide CO2), liquid nitrogen, liquid oxygen, iodine, menthol, or camphor. In a preferred embodiment, the phase change material (PCM) is dry ice (carbon dioxide CO2).
[0056] The refrigerant is selected from R32, R-134a, R-410A, R-407C, and R-22, ethanol, glycol, liquid nitrogen. In a preferred embodiment, the refrigerant is R-32.
[0057] In an embodiment, the deposition vessel is maintained at vacuum with the help of a vacuum pump at the beginning of the cycle. The suction is provided at the exit of the turbine (106) via a bypass valve, the vacuum pump evacuates the deposition vessel to create a negative pressure before the gas deposits making the system more efficient. The vacuum pump is provided at the exit of the turbine (108) via a bypass valve, the vacuum pump evacuates the deposition vessel to create a negative pressure before the gas deposits and making the system more efficient. Further the cooling and electricity generation system (100) also comprises a screw pump configured to evacuate the sublimation vessel at the end of the sublimation. The screw pump is used only at the end of the cycle when the gas in the sublimation vessel does not have sufficient pressure to run the turbine (108).
[0058] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a cooling and electricity generation method to provide cooling and generate electricity simultaneously. the method comprises following steps:
a. extracting heat from a source by using a energy collector (102) that cools down the source by means of a first refrigerant sub-system (110) having the first refrigerant and thermally connect the energy collector (102) with a sublimation vessel, wherein the first refrigerant sub-system (110) is configured to transfer heat from the energy collector (102) to the sublimation vessel;
b. delivering the extracted heat to a sublimation vessel, wherein the sublimation vessel is having a phase change material (PCM);
c. sublimating the PCM into a high-pressure gas with the extracted heat;
d. storing the high-pressure gas in a high-pressure vessel;
e. generating electricity by rotating a turbine (108) with the high-pressure gas received from the high-pressure vessel;
f. depositing the gas coming from the turbine (108) in a deposition vessel, wherein the deposition vessel maintained at vacuum, and the heat liberated during the deposition of PCM is extracted by means of a second refrigerant sub-system (112) having a second refrigerant and thermally connect the deposition vessel to a heat sink, wherein the second refrigerant sub-system (112) is configured to transfer the heat generated from the deposition of gas into phase change material (PCM) to a heat sink;
g. repeating steps “a” to “f” by sublimating the PCM deposited in the deposition vessel into a high-pressure gas by using the heat extracted from the source and generating electricity by rotating the turbine with high pressure gas and further depositing the used gas; and
h. repeating steps “a” to “g” in cycle for continuous cooling of source and generation of electricity.
[0059] The first pressure vessel (FPV) (104) is either configured to work as a sublimation vessel having a phase change material (PCM) in it, that sublimates to a high-pressure gas, or the FPV (104) is configured to work as a deposition vessel wherein the gas is depositing into a phase change material (PCM). The second pressure vessel (SPV) (106) is configured to work as a deposition vessel while the FBV (104) is working as a sublimation vessel, or the SPV (106) is configured to work as a sublimation vessel if the FBV (104) is working a deposition vessel.
[0060] The first and second refrigerant is selected from R32, R-134a, R-410A, R-407C, and R-22, ethanol, glycol, liquid nitrogen.
[0061] In an optional embodiment, only one first pressure vessel is used and only one second pressure vessel is used.
TECHNICAL ADVANCEMENTS?
[0062] The present disclosure described hereinabove has several technical advantages including, but not limited to, an cooling and electricity generation system.?
The technical advancements are enumerated hereunder:?
• The system disclosed in present disclosure utilizes low grade heat available in air, water, atmosphere, river or ocean to generate electricity and provide cooling to the air, water, atmosphere, river or ocean by extracting heat.
• The conventional air conditioning systems add to the negative feedback loop that is accelerating climate change. The earth warms and more heat enters a building whereupon, air conditioning and cooling devices reject the heat inside and place it outside the building. In doing so, these systems generate carbon and heat which in turn accelerates climate change and this is set to continue. The present system cools the earth by converting heat into electricity.
• The temperature differential means that are absorbing energy from the air (climate change is mitigated as the system converts heat to electricity) and the present invention is absorbing heat across the energy collector, and this results in a large energy gain inside the energy gain from earth.
[0063] The numerical values given for various physical parameters, dimensions, and quantities are only approximate values and it is envisaged that the values higher than the numerical value assigned to the physical parameters, dimensions, and quantities fall within the scope of the invention unless there is a statement in the specification to the contrary.??
[0064] While considerable emphasis has been placed herein on the specific features of the preferred embodiment, it will be appreciated that many additional features can be added and that many changes can be made in the preferred embodiment without departing from the principles of the disclosure. These and other changes in the preferred embodiment of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein, whereby it is to be distinctly understood that the foregoing descriptive matter is to be interpreted merely as illustrative of the disclosure and not as a limitation.

, Claims:We Claims:?
1. A cooling and electricity generation system (100) to provide cooling and electricity simultaneously, wherein the system (100) comprises:
a. an energy collector (102) configured to extract heat from a source, wherein the energy collector (102) comprises at least one tube through which a first heat exchanger fluid flows to extract heat from the source;
b. at least one first pressure vessel (FPV) (104), wherein the FPV (104) is thermally coupled with the energy collector (102) and the FPV (104) is configured to work as either a sublimation vessel or as a deposition vessel;
c. at least one second pressure vessel (SPV) (106), wherein the SPV (106) is thermally coupled with the energy collector (106) and the SPV (106) is configured to work as a deposition vessel when FPV (104) is working as a sublimation vessel or the SPV (106) is configured to work as a sublimation vessel when FPV is (104) is working as a deposition vessel;
d. a turbine (108) having an inlet and an outlet, wherein the inlet of the turbine (108) is fluidly connected with the sublimation vessel via means of first conduit and the outlet of the turbine (108) is fluidically connected to the deposition vessel via means of a second conduit;
e. a first refrigerant sub-system (110) having the first refrigerant, wherein the first refrigerant sub-system (110) thermally connects the energy collector (102) with the sublimation vessel, wherein the first refrigerant sub-system (110) is configured to transfer heat from the energy collector (102) to the sublimation vessel;
f. a second refrigerant sub-system (112) having a second refrigerant, wherein the second refrigerant sub-system (112) thermally connect the deposition vessel to a heat sink, wherein the second refrigerant sub-system (112) is configured to transfer the heat generated from the deposition of gas into phase change material (PCM) to a heat sink;
g. a plurality of valves, wherein the valves are configured for precise control of gas flow and refrigerant flow within the system (100);
h. a controller, wherein the controller is configured to control the opening and closing of the valves to control the flow of refrigerants and gases within the system (100).
2. The cooling and electricity generation system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sublimation vessel is configured to sublimate a phase change material (PCM) into gas by utilizing the heat extracted from the energy collector (102) via first refrigerant sub-system (110).
3. The cooling and electricity generation system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the deposition vessel is configured to deposit the gas back into the phase change material (PCM) by rejecting heat to a heat sink via second refrigerant sub-system (112).
4. The cooling and electricity generation system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first flow conduit is having a plurality of one-way valve to prevent the backflow of gas from turbine (108) to the sublimation vessel, and the turbine (108) is configured to be driven by a high-pressure gas coming from the sublimation vessel and generate electricity.
5. The cooling and electricity generation system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein a high-pressure vessel (HPV) (114) is fluidically coupled with the FPV (104) and second pressure vessel (SPV) (106) to store the high-pressure gas formed in the sublimation vessel.
6. The cooling and electricity generation system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second refrigerant sub-system (112) thermally connects the deposition vessel to the heat sink via a cooling condenser or compressor.
7. The cooling and electricity generation system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the system (100) further comprises:
a. a plurality of pressure sensors, wherein the pressure sensors are configured to sense the pressure within the sublimation vessels, deposition vessels and high-pressure vessel, and send the readings to the controller;
b. a plurality of temperature sensors, wherein the temperature sensors are configured to sense the temperature within the sublimation vessels, deposition vessels and high-pressure vessel, and send the readings to the controller;
c. a flowmeter, wherein the flowmeter is configured to measure the flow rate at the outlet of the turbine (108) to measure the flow rate of the gases and send the readings to the controller.
8. The cooling and electricity generation system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the source is selected from atmosphere, water stored in tank, room, river, ocean, geothermal or solar heat.
9. The cooling and electricity generation system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat sink is selected from atmosphere, water stored in tank, room, river or ocean.
10. The cooling and electricity generation system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the phase change material (PCM) is selected from dry ice (carbon dioxide CO2), liquid nitrogen, liquid oxygen, iodine, menthol, or camphor.
11. The cooling and electricity generation system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first and second refrigerant is selected from R32, R-134a, R-410A, R-407C, and R-22, ethanol, glycol, liquid nitrogen.
12. The cooling and electricity generation system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the system (100) further comprises a plurality of one-way valves on conduits taking out pressurized gas from the sublimation vessel to prevent the backflow of gas.
13. The cooling and electricity generation system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the energy collector (102) is selected from a tube heat exchanger, Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger, Plate Heat Exchanger or Gasket Plate Heat Exchanger.
14. The cooling and electricity generation system (100) as claimed in any of the previous claims, further comprises a plurality of valves (124) for precise control of flows within the system (100).
15. The cooling and electricity generation system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the system (100) works in repetition of two cycles as shown below:?
a. In the first cycle,?
In the beginning, the first pressure vessel (FPV) (104) is provided with phase change material (PCM) and the first pressure vessel (FPV) (104) acts as a sublimation vessel and the second pressure vessel (SPV) (106) is empty and acts as a deposition vessel,?
In the end, the first pressure vessel (FPV) (104) is empty, and the second pressure vessel (SPV) (106) is deposited with the phase change material (PCM);?
b. In the second cycle,
In the beginning, the emptied first pressure vessel (FPV) (104) acts as a deposition vessel and the second pressure vessel (SPV) (106) acts as a sublimation vessel, which already has deposited phase change material (PCM),
In the end, the second pressure vessel (SPV) (106) is empty, and the first pressure vessel (104) has deposited phase change material (PCM).?
16. The cooling and electricity generation system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein a vacuum pump is provided at the exit of the turbine (108) via a bypass valve, the vacuum pump evacuates the deposition vessel to create a negative pressure before the gas deposits and making the system more efficient.
17. The cooling and electricity generation system (100) as claimed in claim 1, further comprises a screw pump configured to evacuate the sublimation vessel at the end of the sublimation, used only at the end of the cycle when the gas in the sublimation vessel does not have sufficient pressure to run the turbine (108).
18. A cooling and electricity generation method to provide cooling and generate electricity simultaneously, wherein the method comprises following steps:?
a. extracting heat from a source by using an energy collector (102) that cools down the source by means of a first refrigerant sub-system (110) having the first refrigerant and thermally connect the energy collector (102) with a sublimation vessel, wherein the first refrigerant sub-system (110) is configured to transfer heat from the energy collector (102) to the sublimation vessel;
b. delivering the extracted heat to a sublimation vessel, wherein the sublimation vessel is having a phase change material (PCM);
c. sublimating the PCM into a high-pressure gas with the extracted heat;
d. storing the high-pressure gas in a high-pressure vessel;
e. generating electricity by rotating a turbine (108) with the high-pressure gas received from the high-pressure vessel;
f. depositing the gas coming from the turbine (108) in a deposition vessel, wherein the deposition vessel maintained at vacuum, and the heat liberated during the deposition of PCM is extracted by means of a second refrigerant sub-system (112) having a second refrigerant and thermally connect the deposition vessel to a heat sink, wherein the second refrigerant sub-system (112) is configured to transfer the heat generated from the deposition of gas into phase change material (PCM) to a heat sink;
g. repeating steps “a” to “f” by sublimating the PCM deposited in the deposition vessel into a high-pressure gas by using the heat extracted from the source and generating electricity by rotating the turbine with high pressure gas and further depositing the used gas; and
h. repeating steps “a” to “g” in cycle for continuous cooling of source and generation of electricity.
19. The cooling and electricity generation method as claimed in claim 18, wherein the source is selected from atmosphere, water stored in tank, room, river, ocean, geothermal or solar heat.
20. The cooling and electricity generation method as claimed in claim 18, wherein the heat sink is selected from atmosphere, water stored in tank, room, river or ocean.
21. The cooling and electricity generation method as claimed in claim 18, wherein the phase change material (PCM) is selected from dry ice (carbon dioxide CO2), liquid nitrogen, liquid oxygen, iodine, menthol, or camphor.
22. The cooling and electricity generation method as claimed in claim 18, wherein the first and second refrigerant is selected from R32, R-134a, R-410A, R-407C, and R-22, ethanol, glycol, liquid nitrogen.
23. The cooling and electricity generation method as claimed in claim 18, wherein a first pressure vessel (FPV) (104) is either configured to work as a sublimation vessel having a phase change material (PCM) in it, that sublimates to a high-pressure gas, or the FPV (104) is configured to work as a deposition vessel wherein the gas is depositing into a phase change material (PCM).
24. The cooling and electricity generation method as claimed in claim 18, wherein a second pressure vessel (SPV) (106) is configured to work as a deposition vessel while the FBV (104) is working as a sublimation vessel, or the SPV (106) is configured to work as a sublimation vessel if the FBV (104) is working a deposition vessel.

Date this: 25th October 2022