FIELD OF INVENTION
This invention relates to a dental forcivator for extraction of tooth.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Dental forceps for the extraction of tooth or root are divided into two categories on the basis of working mechanism of forceps and type of force exerted by forceps
i. Wedge shaped beak dental forceps- Available for all tooth (multi
rooted and single rooted).
ii. Round, pointed shaped single beak Dental Cow Horn Forceps-available only for molars.
Goal and principal of forceps use-
The goals of dental forceps use are two-folds:
(i) Expansion of the bony socket by use of the wedge-shaped beaks of the forceps and the movements of the tooth itself with the forceps.
(ii) Removal of the tooth from the socket
Motion and forces of forceps-There are five major motions that the forceps can apply to luxate the teeth and expand the bony socket
(i) Apical pressure:- This results in minimal movement of the tooth in an apical direction and expansion of the tooth socket by the insertion of the beaks down into the periodontal ligament space. Thus, apical pressure of the forceps on the tooth causes bony expansion.
(ii) Rotational Pressure:- Rotational pressure, as the name implies, rotates the tooth which causes some internal expansion of the tooth. It is an important force for the single conical tooth. Strong apical force is always useful and should be applied whenever forceps are adapted to the tooth.
(iii) Lingual pressure
(iv) Fractional forces
(v) Buccal pressure
For the removal of mandibular and maxillary premolar tooth and root, mandibular and maxillary molar root, mandibular and maxillary canine, anterior tooth and its root, all available existing forceps are belonging to first category of forceps classifications, which is called wedge shaped beak dental forceps.
Existing wedge shaped beaks dental forceps (for extraction of mandibular and maxillary premolar tooth and root, mandibular and maxillary molar root, mandibular and maxillary canine, anterior tooth and its root) has two articulated part which are connected to each other at a pivot. Each articulated part has handle at one end and a working end at the another end. The beaks of the dental extraction forceps are usually narrow at the tips and broaden as they go superiorly. Both beak of forceps have two surfaces, one is inner surface which is concave, corrugated and facing towards tooth of patient, and another one is outer surface which is convex, non corrugated and facing towards patient cheek or tongue
during working on patient. Both concave surfaces of beak facing to each other. Due to this when both beak or/ jaw comes closer to each other it forms, a cavity in between the beaks. This cavity allows encompassing the whole tooth during extraction for providing firm and smooth grip of forceps. This corrugation of beak provides extra grip of the forceps.
The shape and size of recessed cavity of beak depends upon the size and shape of tooth for which that forceps shall be designed. In order to accommodate the different size of teeth-such as incisors, premolars, molars and wisdom teeth-a plurality of dental forceps can be produced, in which the recesses have different widths corresponding to the different average sizes of the teeth.
DRAWBACKS IN EXISTING STATE-OF-THE ART
(a) In the case of removal of mandibular and maxillary premolar tooth, the existing forceps does not provide firm grip over the tooth surface during extraction since the anatomy of premolar is variable and both the surfaces of buccal and lingual premolar tooth have dissimilarities. For the removal of premolar tooth the initial movement of forceps is rotatory along the axis of tooth towards mesial and distal and next movement of forceps is buccal and lingual.
Due to these entire factors when the tooth is grasped with such existing dental forceps cavity between beaks does not encompass the tooth completely, but the tooth is grasped at certain point of longitudinal grooves. Due to this tooth does not fit smoothly in the dental forceps. Moreover during the process of luxation and initial rotary movement, the forceps gives a riding movement which leads to fracture of crown.
In the case of deep carious premolar (it is necessary to grasp the tooth below the carious part of tooth, to prevent fracture of crown), the beak of available forceps can not reach deeply below the carious part of tooth, and results in creating center of rotation above carious part of tooth during extraction which leads to fracture.
In the case of fractured crown of the maxillary and mandibular premolar tooth, or roots of premolar, the existing dental forceps does not work as effectively as newly designed forceps works, since the penetrating surface area of existing dental forceps beak is greater than required for easy penetration of beak below the gum line. Due to this, the extraction of fractured tooth below gum line becomes more difficult. Both surfaces of tooth can not be grasped smoothly and evenly by the existing forceps beak again which results in fracture of tooth which requires surgical removal. That is more complicated and pain full to patients.
Tooth with more than one root such as lower molar often requires sectioning of tooth prior to extraction. During sectioning, use of hand piece is required to divide the remaining coronal portion of the tooth into individual piece of roots. The beak of existing dental forcep, due to their shape of longitudinal grooves grasp only minimum area of root and stress transferred by the break in smaller area which results in the fracture of root tip below the level of bone and then process becomes more difficult, and time taking to the patient.
In the case of removal of malaligned and rotated premolars tooth and its root by using existing forceps tooth can not be grasped evenly and smoothly. The beaks of existing premolar for forceps are designed according to the buccal and lingual surface
anatomy of premolar. Due to this forceps can not grasp tooth surface evenly and smoothly and cause fracture of tooth.
(f) For the removal of molar, premolar, anterior and tooth roots, the existing forceps do not grasp tooth properly and fail in removing root pieces.
(g) In the case of removal of maxillary and mandibular canine tooth and root, the existing forceps do not work effectively, due to canine's oval shape and larger width of buccal lingual than the mesio-distal width of tooth especially near to cervical region of tooth. The surface area of canine root is also greater than other tooth. Due to all above factors during grasping of tooth by existing forceps, both handle of forceps move away from each other. As such operator can not hold forceps easily and also can not apply desired stress which ultimately produces riding movement during luxation and causes fraction of tooth.
Till now there is no optional available for the removal of premolar tooth root lower molar root and upper root as effectively as new invention.
For the removal of premolar or molar root of both maxillary mandibular arches, the presently available dental forceps beak can not grasp tooth.
Due to this, removal of such type of cases requires surgical sectioning. For the surgical sectioning, surgical bur & hand piece were used. Initially design a flap and retract it, and cut the bone around the tooth by using burs and after bone cutting insert elevators blade in to created space and then elevate the root piece by making fulcrum over the bone. The process is more complicated and time taking which takes more than ½ & 2 hours. Surgical removal of tooth creates more post operative complication and dry socket.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
The primary object of the present invention is to propose a dental forcivator for the removal of mandibular and maxillary premolar tooth and its root, mandibular and maxillary canine and its root, and mandibular molar root.
Another object of the present invention is to propose a dental forcivator use of which is comfortable for both operator and patient.
Still another object of the present invention is to propose a dental forcivator to reduce the processing time for both operator and patient with simultaneous increase in the quality of the treatment in comparison to presently available technique.
Further object of the present invention is to propose a dental forcivator which is cost effective and efficient.
Further object of the present invention is to propose a dental forcivator to increase the quality of treatment and enhance oral health services.
Yet further object of the present invention is to propose a dental forcivator for the removal of tooth and root of mandibular and maxillary premolar, mandibular molar root, mandibular and maxillary canine and its root, in which forceps beak grasp the tooth more apical in comparison to existing forceps beak by which minimizes the fracture of tooth and eliminate surgical extraction.
Further object of the present invention is to propose a dental forcivator to take more advantages of dental forceps motion such as apical force and rotational force.
Further object of the present invention is to propose a dental forcivator that will lessen the invasive nature of sectioned molar removal, which results in less post-operative pain to the patient.
Further object of the present invention is to propose a dental forcivator that provides firm griping over tooth during luxation and creates more apical force, by which tooth comes out easily from the socket.
Further object of the present invention is to propose a dental forcivator in which forceps beak penetrate below the gum line and removes the piece of root, by facilitating easy and evenly grasping of root piece even in fractured condition at gum level.
Further object of the present invention is to propose a dental forcivator that can be used to apply rotational force between the roots of the sectioned molar, which helps to loosen them within the periodontium, and facilitates easy removal of mandibular molar roots.
Further object of the present invention is to propose a dental forcivator for the removal of mandibular molar root which enters easily into root socket periodontium and applies vertical and rotational force over root and splits the mesial and distal root from each other and avoids the surgical removal of molar roots.
Further object of the present invention is to propose a dental forcivator for the removal of maxillary and mandiblular canine that provides more rotational and apical force reducing the slipping of beak and riding movement.
Further object of the present invention is to propose a dental forcivator for the removal of roots of canine, in which forceps beaks reach down in to extremely tight place (Periodontium) where another existing forceps beak is unable to reach, and to facilitate grip over the tooth which results in removal of root without surgical sectioning of bone.
Further object of the present invention is to propose a dental forcivator which gives firm gripping and prevents fracture of tooth.
Further object of the present invention is to propose a dental forcivator which facilitates removal of upper and lower roots without surgical sectioning.
Further object of the present invention is to propose a dental forcivator which provides easy removal of upper and lower canine root.
STATEMENT OF INVENTION
According to this invention there is provided a dental forcivator comprising of two handles pivoted to each other at neck wherein said handle is provided with jaw or/ beak at one end, distal end of which is having bifurcations.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS
Further objects and advantages of this invention will be more apparent from the ensuing description when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and wherein:
Fig. 1 shows: inner surface of forcivator beak.
Fig. 2 shows: lateral surface of forcivator inner jaw.
Fig. 3 shows: posterior or outer surface view of forcivator beak.
DETAIL DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION WITH REFERENCE TO THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS;
Reference may be made to the accompanying drawings.
The present invention provides a forcivator by the modification of, any known wedge shaped dental forceps at the most distal end of beak.
The present invention provides a forcivator comprising of any known forceps having two handles pivoted to each other at neck and provided with jaw or/ beak at one end.
The present invention constitutes in bifurcation of the end of said jaws to form pair of cow horn like fine pointed projection known as working tip of beak ( total 4 projected tip in each forceps and total 2 projected tips in each jaw or/ beak). The bifurcation of jaw has been provided in a manner that it forms a V or 'U' type shaped notch at the distal end of said jaw. The open side or mouth of V or 'U' is located towards the distal end of the beak and opposite or closed side of V and 'U' is located towards the pivot.
The jaw can also be bifurcated in various forms that the notch looks like inverted V, U, and W shape, or in many other shape of notch, which can solve the purpose of bifurcation.
Thus, two to three projected tips can be provided at each distal end of the jaw.
Width of notch or distance between two projected tips at the most distal end of jaw is variable and depends upon the size of tooth for which the
jaw is designed. Distance between two projected tips at most distal end of beak may vary from 1 to 6 mm. Each projected tip of forcivator has following six surfaces and (either they are emerged from cylindrical, round or wedge shape cross section of beak prior to the bifurcation point) made by cylindrical, round or wedge shape beak section.
(i) Outer surfaces of beak
(ii) Inner surfaces of beak
(iii) Mesial surfaces of beak
(iv) Lateral surfaces of beak
(v) Lower surfaces of beak
(vi) Upper surfaces of beak.
OUTER SURFACES OF PROJECTED TIP
Outer surfaces of projected tips are smooth, convex and very shiny and situated outside from the jaw.
Starting from the most distal part of projected tip, when goes
toward pivot it becomes broader.
It becomes merge measialy with mesial surface and laterally
with lateral surface of beak, and down ward with lower pointed
surface of beak.
Outer surface convexity may vary according to tooth for which
forceps is designed.
INNER SURFACE OF PROJECTED TIP-
Inner surface of beak situated inside the forcivator beak or towards the tooth during working on patient.
Inner surface of forcivator has a concavity which is known as
recessed cavity. The size and shape of recessed cavity of both
projected tip of beak depends upon the size/shape of tooth for
which that forceps will be used. In order to accommodate the
different size of teeth such as premolars canine, incisor-a
plurality of dental forceps can be produced in which the beak
has different width corresponding to the different average size of
the teeth.
The length of bifurcated beaks varies according to shape and
size of teeth and it may extend towards pivot, up to distal 1/3 of
forceps beak or up to ½ of the total length of the beak.
Inner surface has longitudinal grooves which extend up to 1/3
distance of projected tip or up to full length of projected tip.
Inner surface becomes broaden when goes superiorly.
In another design inner surface of beak may be in convex or flat
shape.
As inner surface goes down ward toward most distal of
projected tip it becomes narrower or convergent and at the most
distal part it will change into fine pointed tip.
MEDIAL SURFACE
Medial surface of beak may be flat, concave or convex.
Medial surface of beak situated towards midline of forceps beak.
Each medial surface of projected tip as goes superiorly towards
pivot will meet each other and form a common beak.
Medial surface of projected tip will shift toward mid line of beak
as goes superiorly towards pivot.
Medial part of beak is a part of main beak and will be made by
bifurcation of the beak at midline, into reverse latter of English
V or U shape notch.
When medial surface goes towards distal end of beak then it will
be merged with lateral surface of beak and form of fine point,
known as working tip of forcivator.
In another embodiment, when medial surface goes towards
distal end of beak then it will meet with lower surface of beak
and form a non point projected tip and distal of beak forms a
horizontal flat surface which varies from 1 to 4mm.
In another embodiment, medial surface goes downwards and
meets with lateral surface of beak in such a manner that the
end of beak forms U shape.
LATERAL SURFACE-
Lateral surface of beak is situated at the junction point of outer
and inner surface of lateral side of beak.
The Lateral surface of beak is made by the union of outer and
inner surface of beak.
The shape of lateral surface of beak may be convex, flat and
concave.
LOWER SURFACE-
Lower surface of projected tip is situated at most distal end of tip. The shape of lower surface is such that it forms U, V or flat surface.
To achieve maximum efficiency of Forcivator, lower surface of forcivator beak should be kept as minimum as possible.
UPPER SURFACE
Upper surface is imaginary, and is not identified clinically due to the merging of upper surface of projected beak with remaining upper part of main beak towards pivot.
This surface is made by cutting of forcivator just before bifurcation point. The shape of upper surface depends upon the shape of remaining upper
part of main beak which is situated towards pivot.
Description of Baghel Forcivator remaining part of beak prior to
bifurcation: -
The shape of Baghel forcivator beak prior to bifurcation of beak is variable and resemble to the shape of any existing forceps beak.
Description of Dental Baghel Forcivator neck, pivot & handle -
Except forcivator beak, all other remaining part of forcivator such as-neck, handle and pivot, is variable and resembles to the existing said known dental forceps and depends upon the tooth for which that forcivator is designed. And angulation in between different parts of forcivsator, is also variable and resembled to the angulation of said known forceps.
Forces of Forceps beaks: - The instrument of the present invention is capable of exerting both forces of two different instruments, i.e. dental forceps and elevator.
The aim of dental forceps use is as follows:-
Expansion of the bony socket of the wedge-shaped beaks of the forceps and the movements of the tooth itself with the forceps. Removal of the tooth from the socket.
Beak of this forcivator successfully meets the goals of forceps use. Forcivator achieves these goals by enhancing the features which is given below:
(1) Apical penetration of forceps beak into periodontium to grasp premolar, molar, anterior, and roots.
In the case of fractured crown or roots, existing forceps beak
will not grasp the root properly and evenly by reacting down
below the gum line.
It is known that for penetration of any object in to tight place,
the penetrating point surface area of beak should be, as
minimum as possible.
This forcivator beak is designed in such as manner that the
surface area of penetrating beak is many fold lesser than the
existing forceps beak.
(2) Firm grip of beak over the tooth or root surface.
The fine pointed separate tips of single beak grasp the convex or irregular shaped object evenly and provide firm gripping of forcivator beak over the tooth or root surface, which results in enhancement of the workability of operator and controlled rotational forces exerted by forcivator.
Effects on the forces of forceps, by using this forcivator
(i) Apical forces:
This force causes expansion of the tooth socket by the insertion of the beaks down into the periodotium space. The penetrating surface of forcivator beak is very less in comparison to existing forceps beak. Due to this forcivator increased the resolution apical force many folds in comparison to existing forceps.
(iii) Rotational Forces:-
This is one of the very important forces for the extraction of single conical root. Strong apical force is always very useful and should be applied whenever forceps are adapted to the tooth
According to well established data of extraction which given into books that, for the extraction of single rooted or conical rooted tooth, operator exerted 70% of rotational force and in the left 30% of force ,exerted all other forces of forceps over the tooth surface. The forcivator's fine projected tip increases the rotational force many folds, due to the firm and even grip over the tooth or root surface.
The beak of forcivator very well achieves given data successfully and increases the rotational force many folds in comparison to existing forceps.
Buccal force:-
Due to firm gripping of forcivator beak, it increases the buccal force many folds in comparison to the buccal force, which is exerted by existing forceps beak.
Lingual force :-
Due to firm gripping of forcivator beak, it will increase the lingual force many folds in comparison to the lingual force, which is exerted by existing forceps beak.
Tractional force :-
Due to firm gripping of forcivator beak, it will increase the Tractional force many folds in comparison to the tractional force, which is exerted by existing forceps beak. Utility of Invention
i. In the field of dentistry tooth extraction is very sensitive for both
patient and doctors. From a long time a continuous effort has been put to make the process smoother and faster. This invention makes the process easier & simple.
ii. Dental extraction is one of the selected processes of dentistry, by which patient fears more than any other dental treatment and if tooth is fractured during process, then fear of level of patient increase again & makes patient's psychology towards apprehension which makes process more difficult.

iii. This instrument turn the process of long duration i.e. surgical extraction in to sort duration i.e. forceps extraction.
iv. For the removal of lower molar root, prior to removal surgical sectioning of root is required. By using this inventive instrument (for the removal of mandibulars and maxially premolars tooth and root, mandibular molar root, upper root, anterior tooth and root maxillary and mandibular) surgical process is not required which is more complicated and time consuming and all the extraction which is carried out by bone cutting are carried out easily without bone cutting by using of forcivator which is more practical and simple.
v. Till now from all of available dental treatment, tooth extraction is performed more in number because of dental extraction is performed by all different branches of dentistry. This is a treatment which is carried out for both communities, urban community as well as for rural community. This data shows that the utility of this invention is very huge, in comparison to any other dental instrument.
Advantageous over known alternatives
(Table Removed)
It is to be noted that the present invention is susceptible to modifications, adaptations and changes by those skilled in the art. Such variant embodiments employing the concepts and features of this invention are intended to be within the scope of the present invention, which is further set forth under the following claims:-

I CLAIM;
1. A dental forcivator comprising of two handles pivoted to each other at neck, wherein said handle is provided with a jaw at one end, distal end of which is having bifurcations.
2. A dental forcivator as claimed in claim 1, wherein said bifurcation forms U, V or W type notch.
3. A dental forcivator as claimed in claim 2, wherein open side or mouth of V, U or W is directed towards the distal end of said jaw and closed side of V, U or W is situated towards pivot of forcivator.
4. A dental forcivator as claimed in claim 3, wherein the end of said projected tip is pointed, flat or U shape.
5. A dental forcivator as claimed in claim 4, wherein distal end of each jaw or/ beak has two separated projected tips.
6. A dental forcivator as claimed in any of the preceding claims wherein distance between said projected tips is in between 1 to 6 mm.
7. A dental forcivator as claimed in any of the preceding claims wherein said forcivator may be made as -

- Mandibular and maxillary premolar tooth removal forcivator
- Mandibular and maxillary premolar root removal forcivator
- Mandibular and maxillary canine tooth and root removal forcivator
- Mandibular root removal forcivator.
8. A dental forcivator substantially as herein described with reference to the