Description:
[0001] The present subject matter described herein, relates to a detachable former system for racetrack shaped double pancake high temperature superconducting field coils. More particularly, the present invention relates to a high temperature superconducting coils, high temperature superconducting wire/tape, cryogenics, high temperature superconducting machines.
BACKGROUND
[0002] Background description includes information that may be useful in understanding the present invention.
[0003] The high temperature superconducting (HTS) coils are the most critical and essential component of a typical superconducting system. These coils are maintained at cryogenic temperatures with the help of cryorefrigerator. Also, BJT-criterion is met as defined in manufacturer’s data. In meeting so, the former of high temperature superconducting coil play a key role. It helps in winding and manufacturing process by providing the support to high temperature superconducting wire. During operation in superconducting system, coil former gives support to HTS wire against transient and steady state forces. Also, coil former gives thermal stability and quench protection against thermal shocks to HTS wire. The present invention relates to a detachable type former in which the plates used in making the formers can be detached from each other. Because of this detachability feature, any type of major or minor modification and or maintenance can be carried out over any part of coil and or former. The disassembled plates can then be assembled later again.

OBJECTS OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0004] Some of the objects of the present disclosure, which at least one embodiment herein satisfy, are listed herein below.
[0005] The principal object of the present subject matter is to develop a detachable former system for racetrack shaped double pancake high temperature superconducting (HTS) field coils.
[0006] Another object of the invention is to maintain absolute mechanical integrity by withstanding steady state as well as transient electromagnetic forces.
[0007] Yet, another object of the invention is to enable formation of joint-less field coil essentially desirable for superconducting systems.
[0008] Yet, another object of the invention is to maintain no insulation degradation over time.
[0009] Yet, another object of the invention is to maintain better thermal profile all across the top and bottom pancakes.
[0010] Yet, another object of the invention is to obtain dismantlability at top and bottom plate of the former and thereby allowing modifications and maintenance activities.
[0011] Further object of the invention is to obtain dismantlability at top and bottom plate of the former and thereby allowing extension of top and bottom pancake turns on requirement.
[0012] Still another object of the invention is to provide modularity for adding number of field coils stacked through coil guides over each other on requirement and interconnected at rear end of the former.
[0013] These and other objects and advantages will become more apparent when reference is made to the following description and accompanying drawings.
SUMMARY
[0014] This summary is provided to introduce concepts related to a detachable former system for racetrack shaped double pancake high temperature superconducting field coils. The former is the essential components of high temperature superconducting (HTS) field coils apart from wire. The former helps in maintaining the absolute mechanical integrity of HTS coils by withstanding steady state as well as transient electromagnetic forces. The former enables to maintain better thermal profile all across the top and bottom pancakes of a typical racetrack shaped double pancake coil. There are many advantages of making the former of high temperature superconducting (HTS) field coils as detachable type. With this, a joint-less HTS field coil can be made possible by splitting the total turns of the coil in two parts i.e. in top pancake and bottom pancake. This type of coil is called double pancake coil. The double pancake coil essentially has three plates in its former i.e. top, middle and bottom plate. The dismantlability at top and bottom plate of the former allows modifications and maintenance in the coil. The HTS wire turns can be increased, the top and bottom plates can be repaired in case of any failure or physical damage.
[0015] The detachability feature of former along with suitable cuts in top and bottom plates provide modularity in design. On the basis of requirement these double pancake coils can be stacked one over the other for realizing the ampere turn required by application. A suitable guide can also be provided at proper place so as to stacked these double pancakes without any physical discrepancy.
[0016] Various objects, features, aspects, and advantages of the inventive subject matter will become more apparent from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments, along with the accompanying drawing figures in which like numerals represent like components.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] The illustrated embodiments of the subject matter will be understood by reference to the drawings, wherein like parts are designated by like numerals throughout. The following description is intended only by way of example, and simply illustrates certain selected embodiments of devices, systems, and methods that are consistent with the subject matter as claimed herein, wherein:
[0018] Fig. 1 shows the high temperature superconducting (HTS) coil former bottom plate, in accordance with an embodiment of the present subject matter;
[0019] Fig. 2 shows the high temperature superconducting (HTS) coil former top plate, in accordance with an embodiment of the present subject matter;
[0020] Fig. 3 shows the high temperature superconducting (HTS) coil former middle plate, in accordance with an embodiment of the present subject matter; and
[0021] Fig. 4 shows a stacked double pancake racetrack shape high temperature superconducting (HTS) field coil, in accordance with an embodiment of the present subject matter.
[0022] The figures depict embodiments of the present subject matter for the purposes of illustration only. A person skilled in the art will easily recognize from the following description that alternative embodiments of the structures and methods illustrated herein may be employed without departing from the principles of the disclosure described herein.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] The detailed description of various exemplary embodiments of the disclosure is described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments are described herein in such details as to clearly communicate the disclosure. However, the amount of details provided herein is not intended to limit the anticipated variations of embodiments; on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.
[0024] It is also to be understood that various arrangements may be devised that, although not explicitly described or shown herein, embody the principles of the present disclosure. Moreover, all statements herein reciting principles, aspects, and embodiments of the present disclosure, as well as specific examples, are intended to encompass equivalents thereof.
[0025] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a",” “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises,” “comprising,” “includes” and/or “including,” when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and/or groups thereof.
[0026] It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions/acts noted may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two figures shown in succession may, in fact, be executed concurrently or may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality/acts involved.
[0027] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which example embodiments belong. It will be further understood that terms, e.g., those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
[0028] Fig. 1 shows the high temperature superconducting (HTS) coil former bottom plate. The bottom plate (101) of former has linear region (106) and semi-circular region (107) to realise a racetrack shape with a coil base (112). The central space (105) is utilized for mounting these coils on to applications with the help of suitable jigs and fixtures. Right next to mounting space is a step region (102) which is used as a support by high temperature superconducting wire. Similar to former shape, the stepped region also has linear stepped (104) region and semi-circular stepped (103) region. As this coil former is detachable type, there are two types of holes for holding a bottom plate with a top plate and a middle plates together, one type is threaded hole (108) and the other is tapered hole (109). The coil along with former are stacked one over the other with the help of guide (111) provided at one of the extreme ends of former. There is a provision for modularity i.e. when needed, more than one coil can be used by electrically interconnecting coils at a cut (110) provided for this purpose at rear end and stacking them in height.
[0029] Fig. 2 shows the high temperature superconducting (HTS) coil former top plate. The top plate (201) of former has a linear region (206) and a semi-circular region (207) to realise a racetrack shape with a coil base (202). A central space (205) is utilized for mounting these coils on to applications with the help of suitable jigs and fixtures. Right next to mounting space is a step region (212) which is used as a support by high temperature superconducting wire. Similar to former shape, the stepped region also has a linear stepped (204) region and a semi-circular stepped (203) region. As this coil former is detachable type, there are two types of holes for holding the top plate (201) with a middle plate and a bottom plates together, one type is a threaded hole (208) and the other is a tapered hole (209). The coil along with former are stacked one over the other with the help of a guide (211) provided at one of the extreme ends of former. There is a provision for modularity i.e. when needed, more than one coil can be used by electrically interconnecting coils at a cut (210) provided for this purpose at rear end and stacking them in height.
[0030] Fig. 3 shows the high temperature superconducting (HTS) coil former middle plate. The middle plate (301) of former has a linear region (307) and a semi-circular region (308) to realise a racetrack shape. Left image shows a section (302) of the middle plate (301) in linear region. There are provisions of two linear cuts in the middle plate (301), one linear cut (303) (309) for HTS tape crossover from bottom to top while the other linear cut (304) for insertion of the middle plate (301) over a bottom coil. As this coil former is detachable type, a holes (305) are provided for holding the middle plate (301) with a top plate and a bottom plates together. A central space (306) is utilized for mounting these coils on to applications with the help of suitable jigs and fixtures.
[0031] Fig.4 shows a stacked double pancake racetrack shape high temperature superconducting (HTS) field coil. Bottom right drawing shows the isometric view (401) of stacked coil. During assembly, the bottom plate (404) is placed on a guide (409) and a bottom pancake (406) is then made by wrapping high temperature superconducting wire around the bottom plate (404) of former. Once the bottom pancake (406) is completed. A middle plate (403) is inserted and bolt tightened over the bottom plate (404) through the guide and high temperature superconducting wire is crossed over to realise the top pancake (405). A top plate (402) of former is bolt tightened using a threaded holes (407) over the middle plate (403) and through the middle plate (403) and the bottom plate (404) using guide. A top pancake (405) is then made by wrapping high temperature superconducting wire around the top plate (402) of former. There is a provision for modularity i.e. when needed, more than one coil can be used by electrically interconnecting coils at a cut (408) provided for this purpose at rear end of the stack.
[0032] It will be understood by those within the art that, in general, terms used herein, and especially in the appended claims (e.g., bodies of the appended claims) are generally intended as “open” terms (e.g., the term “including” should be interpreted as “including but not limited to,” the term “having” should be interpreted as “having at least,” the term “includes” should be interpreted as “includes but is not limited to,” etc.). It will be further understood by those within the art that if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is intended, such an intent will be explicitly recited in the claim, and in the absence of such recitation no such intent is present. For example, as an aid to understanding, the following appended claims may contain usage of the introductory phrases “at least one” and “one or more” to introduce claim recitations. However, the use of such phrases should not be construed to imply that the introduction of a claim recitation by the indefinite articles “a” or “an” limits any particular claim containing such introduced claim recitation to inventions containing only one such recitation, even when the same claim includes the introductory phrases “one or more” or “at least one” and indefinite articles such as “a” or “an” (e.g., “a” and/or “an” should typically be interpreted to mean “at least one” or “one or more”); the same holds true for the use of definite articles used to introduce claim recitations. In addition, even if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is explicitly recited, those skilled in the art will recognize that such recitation should typically be interpreted to mean at least the recited number (e.g., the bare recitation of “two recitations,” without other modifiers, typically means at least two recitations, or two or more recitations). Furthermore, in those instances where a convention analogous to “at least one of A, B, and C, etc.” is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention (e.g., “a system having at least one of A, B, and C” would include but not be limited to systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and/or A, B, and C together, etc.). In those instances, where a convention analogous to “at least one of A, B, or C, etc.” is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention (e.g., “a system having at least one of A, B, or C” would include but not be limited to systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and/or A, B, and C together, etc.). It will be further understood by those within the art that virtually any disjunctive word and/or phrase presenting two or more alternative terms, whether in the description, claims, or drawings, should be understood to contemplate the possibilities of including one of the terms, either of the terms, or both terms. For example, the phrase “A or B” will be understood to include the possibilities of “A” or “B” or “A and B.”
[0033] While the foregoing describes various embodiments of the invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof. The scope of the invention is determined by the claims that follow. The invention is not limited to the described embodiments, versions or examples, which are included to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make and use the invention when combined with information and knowledge available to the person having ordinary skill in the art.

Claims:We claim:
1. A detachable former system (400) for racetrack shaped double pancake high temperature superconducting field coils, the system comprising:
a bottom plate (404) placed on a guide (409), a bottom pancake (406) construct by wrapping a high temperature superconducting wire around the bottom plate (404) of former;
a middle plate (403) mounted on the bottom plate (404), a plurality of bolts is used to tighten the middle plate (403) on the bottom plate (404) through the guide (409) and the high temperature superconducting wire is crossed over to realise the top pancake (405); and
a top plate (402) mounted on the middle plate (403), the top plate (402) of former is bolt tightened using threaded holes (407) over the middle plate (403) and through the middle plate (403) and the bottom plate (404) using a guide (409), the top pancake portion (405) is construct by wrapping high temperature superconducting wire around the top plate (402) of former;
2. The detachable former system (400) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom plate (404) contains the bottom pancake portion (406) of field coil.
3. The detachable former system (400) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the middle plate (404) is placed over the bottom plate (404) by crossing over the HTS wire.
4. The detachable former system (400) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the top plate (402) is placed over the middle plate (404) through the former guide (409) contains the top pancake portion (405) of field coil.
5. The detachable former system (400) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the detachable former for HTS field coils (400) maintains absolute mechanical integrity by withstanding steady state as well as transient electromagnetic forces and no wire insulation degradation after winding.
6. The detachable former system (400) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the detachable former for HTS field coils (400) enables formation of joint-less field coil essentially desirable for superconducting systems.
7. The detachable former system (400) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the detachable former for HTS field coils (400) maintains better thermal profile across the top plate (402) and the bottom pancake portion (406).
8. The detachable former system (400) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the detachable former for HTS field coils (400) is dismantlable at the top plate (402) and the bottom plate (403) of the former by unscrewing the bolts and thereby allowing modifications and maintenance activities.
9. The detachable former system (400) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the detachable former for HTS field coils (400) is dismantlable at the top plate (402) and the bottom plate (403) of the former and thereby allowing extension of the top pancake (405) and the bottom pancake (406) turns on requirement.
10. The detachable former system (400) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the detachable former for HTS field coils (400) provides modularity for number of field coils stacked through the coil guides (409) over each other and interconnected at rear end of the former