FORM2
THE PATENTS ACT, 1970
(39 of 1970)
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(See section 10 and rule 13)
LITTLE OF THE INVENTION
"A Device and Method for Enhanced Process Intensification''
2. APPLICANT
NAME : Taraltec Solutions Private Limited
NATIONALITY : INDIAN
ADDRESS : 176, Udyog Bhavan, Sonawala Road,
Goregaon East, Mumbai 400063 INDIA
The following specification particularly describes invention and the manner in which it is to be performed.

Field of the invention
This invention discloses a comprehensive device with minimum moving parts that
maybe brought online in variable fluid flows to automatically create targeted process
intensification including cavitation. More particularly the invention provides a device
that can be incorporated or retrofitted in borewell handpumps or water pipelines or
sewage waters for disinfecting water in continuous flow. Further the invention
provides a method of substantially killing microbes in fluids (e.g. water) when the
said device is incorporated or retrofitted in borewell handpumps or water pipelines or
sewage water.
Background of the Invention
Providing cost effective devices and processes for treatment of potable/industrial
water/sewage water substantially free of microbes without the addition of chemicals
or disinfecting agents in large quantities continues to be a major challenge. A further
challenge is to provide devices and processes that may be incorporated or retrofitted
in on-line fluid flows including variable flows.
The applicant has filed a patent application "A DEVICE AND METHOD FOR
ONLINE CAVITATION" application no 201621013750. The present invention is a
device for disinfection of water that can be modularly incorporated / retrofitted online
into fluid flows including variable fluid flows that are capable of creating targeted
process intensification necessary for applications such as for substantially killing
microbes in real time irrespective of the supply pressure / fluid flow rate of the liquid.
The device is capable of adjusting the back pressure to control the bubble collapse
in case of cavitation.
The shortcomings of the devices of the prior art have been overcome by the device
of the present invention illustrated in FIG1.
The device of the prior art had two chambers where the fluid had to take two sharp
right angle turn before it flowed out of the device resulting in substantial pressure
drop and thus increased energy usage.
In the device of the present invention the fluid flow experiences none or only one
right angle turn resulting in substantial reduction in pressure drop & energy usage
with concurrent enhancement in performance. Further the device of the present

invention has advantage of ease of manufacture and substantial decrease in
inventory due to interchangeability of parts.
Summary of the invention
The main object of the invention is to provide a device that is capable of being
modularly retrofitted or built into online variable fluid flows for enhanced process
intensification including cavitation for production of substantially microbe free water
drawn from diverse sources including ground water/sewage plants in batch and
continuous online flow systems.
Another object of the invention is to keep the process enhancement characteristic
constant under variable fluid flows. This is done by keeping the fluid pressure drop
across the orifice [32] constant by the up and down movement of the movable baffle
[52], which variably uncovers or covers the orifice [32], due to the spring [66]
pressure plus its own weight on one side and the fluid pressure on the other in real
time.
Yet another object of the invention is to provide the said device with substantial
reduction in the number of parts as compared to the devices in the prior art.
Yet another object of the invention is to provide the said device that is simpler and
cost effectively manufactured as compared to the devices disclosed in the prior art.
Yet another object of the invention is to provide the said device with
interchangeability of parts leading to decreased inventory for usage with a variety of
pumps including centrifugal and positive displacement types by modularly replacing
and/or rearranging selected components in the device.
Another object of the invention is to provide the said device with a mechanism to
generate variable area of cross section of the vena contracta of the orifice or orifices
that can be selectively changed either manually or automatically with fluid pressure/
electrically / pneumatically/ electronically.
Another object of the invention is to provide the said device with dosing points to
dose fluids as appropriate.
Brief description of the drawings
FIG. 1 Cross-sectional view taken of a longitudinal section of the device of the
present invention for creating targeted process intensification in fluids.

FIG. 2 Longitudinal view of the embodiment for fitting on India Mark 2 handpump.
FIG 2[A] Longitudinal view of an embodiment for fitting on India Mark2 handpump
with the restraining cover [100] without the requirement of holding circlip [84]
Fig 2[B] Longitudinal view of an embodiment for fitting on India Mark 2 handpump,
where the bottom part [56] is threaded and screwed onto the riser pipe [98]
Fig 2[C] side view of the orifice strip [33] with profiled orifices [44]
FIG 3(A) Longitudinal view of the India Mark 2 handpump.
FIG 3(B) Enlarged view of the Water Tank [90] of the India Mark 2 Handpump.
FIG 3(C) Enlarged longitudinal view of the Water Tank [90] of the India Mark 2
Handpump water tank with the embodiment of the device of the present invention
fitted. In this the orifices [32] are closed by the movable baffle [52].. The central rod
[94] of India Mark 2 handpump is not shown in the figure 3(C).
FIG 3(D) Enlarged longitudinal view of the India Mark 2 handpump bottom cylinder
[120] which has the check valve and the plunger assembly of the handpump, on top
of which an embodiment of the device as illustrated in FIG1 is fitted.
FIG[4] Embodiment of combined baffle plates [200,201], the relative movement of
which, changes the profiled orifices [204] to change the area of the vena contracta.
In this case the relative movement of the plates is got by bevel gear arrangement
[202,203].
FIG 4[A] is side view, of the combined baffle plates [200,201] with the bevel gear
arrangement [202,203] to change the profile of the orifices [204].
FIG 4[B] is cross-sectional view of the combined baffle plates [200,201] with profile
orifice [204].
FIG 5[A] is side view of the device with only the combined baffle plates [200,201]
without the movable baffle assembly [50].
FIG 5[B] is side view of the combined baffle plates [200,201] wherein the distance
between the two sets of plates can be changed as per need in the direction of the
flow.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention comprises a central baffle assembly [50], enveloped by
housing [56,58] to form a single flow through chamber, connected to inlet [80] and

outlet [82] pipes for fluid flow through the device. The first portion as the inlet side [12] has an optional filter [104], plurality of baffle plates [70] in the form of flat discs, cones, concave or convex or a combination thereof, and stacked at predetermined positions with profiled orifices [42] which has a hole [114] for an optional rod [102] to pass through. The central baffle assembly [50] has profiled orifices [32] on the wall of the said portion of the chamber and is opened or closed by the movement of the movable baffle [52] with a hole [112] for the optional rod [102] to pass through. The movable baffle [52] is either loaded by its own weight or optionally by a spring [66], with its movement along the vertical axis of the chamber. With the pressure of the fluid the movable baffle [52] is pushed up to expose the profiled orifices [32]. The movable baffle [52] is balanced with fluid pressure on inlet side and spring pressure or its own weight on the other with the equalization holes [28] facilitating the movement of the fluid above the movable baffle [52]. The portion enveloped by housing [58] is coaxially fixed to the central flow through central baffle assembly [50] separated either by spacers [106] or other means like indentation to accommodate plurality of baffle plates [54], that are flat discs, cones, concave or convex or a combination thereof, and stacked at predetermined positions, wherein the baffle plates when stacked have their orifices either in-line or displaced with respect to each other. The number of the said baffle plates [70, 54] may vary from 0-6 each, that is, 0 to 6 of [70] and 0 to 6 of [54].
The device of the prior art has two chambers and before the fluid enters the outlet pipe [82] it experiences two right angle turns that results in pressure loss and thus loss of energy thereby adversely affecting the efficiency.
The embodiment in Fig 1, shows the construction with two baffle plates on each side [70, 54]. The baffle plates [70, 54] have optional holes [114,116] for the optional the rod [102]. The rod [102] when incorporated, is held at the top and bottom with an holding arrangement such as a circlip [86] with an optional filter element [104]. The spring is held in place by a spring holder [88] with a hole [118] and is kept in place by a circlip [84].
In another embodiment of the baffle assembly [50], the orifices [32] on the wall of the said part is enveloped by an interchangeable strip[33] that has profiled orifices as

needed by different process intensification needs.
In another embodiment the filter element [104] is incorporated but not attached to
the rod [102].
In another embodiment the rod [102] is not incorporated and consequently the holes
[114,112,118,116] through which the rod [102] passes are absent in the
construction.
In an embodiment, the central baffle assembly [50] is cylindrical [Fig 1]. However,
the central baffle assembly may be of any geometric shape. The central baffle
assembly [50] may be connected to external pipes [80] and [82] through which the
fluid flows, through the housing [56,58].
The movable baffle [52] may be of varying geometries and optionally spring loaded
as illustrated in fig 1. The baffle plate geometry may preferably be a (disc), a cup or
an inverted cup. The shape of the movable baffle [52] would take the shape of the
cross section of the central baffle chamber [50].
In another embodiment the central baffle assembly [50] may have one or more
orifices in the base portion of the cup or baffle [52] (not shown in the drawing).
In other embodiments the movable baffle assembly [52] may be controlled
hydraulically, pneumatically, electrically, electronically or manually.
In another embodiment the movable baffle assembly [50] has a series of holes [28]
on the circumference wall above of the profiled orifices [32] of the said assembly to
ease movement of the fluid when the movable baffle [52] moves up and down to
facilitate quick response without compromising throughput of the fluid.
The movable baffle [52] moves up and down based on the pressure exerted by the
flowing fluid. It should be appreciated that the extent of movement of the said baffle
varies with the pressure of the fluid flowing upwards through the central baffle
assembly [50].
In other embodiments, the number of baffle plates [70, 54] can be modularly varied
as per the needs of the application to get different combined flow area of the orifices
[42,34].
The orifices [42, 34] in the baffle plates [70,54] may be rectangular, circular,
triangular or of any other shape.

Fig.3 (A) shows the typical drawing of the India Mark 2 handpump which is a popular model in worldwide use. Fig. 3(B) illustrates the water tank [90] where the device of the present invention is fitted Fig. 3(C). In this illustration the orifices [32] is in the closed position as it is covered by the movable baffle [52].
In an embodiment the invented device as shown in FIG 1 may be fitted in between the bottom cylinder containing the check valve and plunger assembly and the inlet pipe [98] to the water tank [90] of the handpump.
In another embodiment, the device may be integrated with the top of the bottom cylinder containing the check valve and plunger assembly of the handpump itself. In such a case, instead of rod [102], the central rod [94] of the handpump would pass through the holes [114,112,118,116]. This configuration is shown in FIG 3(D). The device fitted with India Mark2 Handpump (FIG 2), (FIG 3C), the central baffle assembly [50] with the plurality of baffle plates [70], four such shown in FIG 2, is coaxially mounted on the water inlet [98] of the water tank [90]. The housing [56] is held in position at the top by the top cover [100], positioned by dowel pin [108] and at the bottom by enveloping the water tank inlet [98], [Fig 2(c), (d)]. The housing [56] could also be pushed or screwed into the water tank inlet [98], Before the water enters the inlet of the movable baffle assembly [50] it passes through baffle plates [70] with profiled orifices [42]. The baffle plates [70] has number of profiled orifices [42] and hole [114] through which the central rod [94] of the handpump passes through as shown in Fig 3(A) & FIG 3(C). The up and down motion of the central rod[94] raises the fluid and allows it to pass through the baffle plates [70], central baffle assembly [50], profiled orifices [32] against the pressure exerted by the weight and or spring on the movable baffle [52] which changes as per the pressure of fluid which is dependent on the pumping action of the handpump. The process of substantially killing the microbes in an INDIA Mark 2 handpump comprises drawing the fluid from its source and after passing through the orifices [42] of the baffle plates [70], gets into the inlet side of the central baffle assembly [50] pushing the movable baffle [52] upwards, thereby variably opening the orifices [32] to force the fluid to flow through the said orifice at a velocity into the water tank [90] to flow out through the sprout [92] . Killing of microbes takes place as the fluid

flows through the partly to fully open orifices [32] formed by movable baffle [52] and
on the side of the central baffle assembly [50] as well as while passing through the
profiled orifices [42] of the baffle plates [70]. After this the fluid flows into the water
tank [90] and flows out through the sprout [92].
The baffle(s) plates [70] with multiple orifices [42] in the inlet portion of the housing
[56] causes additional process intensification events, to enhance the microbe killing
efficiency.
In another embodiment of the invention, the said device which has two or more
baffle plates of appropriate thickness placed next to each other [200,201], FIG 4,
each with profiled orifices or venturies, and can be moved relative to each other by
the arrangement of bevel gears [202, 203] as shown or by other means. This
movement changes the area of the vena contracta of the orifices [204] thus
changing the characteristics of the process intensification.
In another embodiment, the distance between this combined baffles plates [200,201]
or individual baffle plates [70,54] can be changed either manually or automatically
with fluid pressure/ electrically / pneumatically/ electronically or combination of one
or more of these, along the direction of the fluid flow.
In an embodiment of the invention, sensors to detect
velocity/pressure/flow/temperature/viscosity and other physical attributes of the fluid
can be placed at various places to provide signal to the actuators which then
controls the movement with predefined logic to get the appropriate process
intensification. The relative movement of the combined baffle plates [200,201] can
be done manually or automatically with fluid pressure/ electrically / pneumatically/
electronically or combination of one or more of these. There is a provision of a
dosing hole for fluids/ gases [205] which can be controlled by the valve [206].
The fluid enters the device from [12] and passes through the combined baffle plates
[200,201] the shape of orifice [204] which can be adjusted by the handle [202] and
then through the movable baffle assembly [50] where again depending on the
pressure exerted by the fluid the profiled orifices [32] is covered or uncovered by the
movable baffle [52] against the spring [66] or its own weight.
FIG 4[A] shows the combined baffle plates [200,201] side by side the relative

movement of which changes the orifice profile through which the fluid passes. It has
a dosing hole [205] which delivers another fluid to the orifice and is controlled by
valve [206].
FIG 4[B] shows one of the combined baffle plates [201] which has gear [203], dosing
hole[205] and profiled orifices[204], through which the fluid passes.
In another embodiment of the invention as shown in FIG5[A], the movable baffle
assembly [50] is absent and fluid passes through the inlet space [12] to the outlet
space [22] through combined baffle plates [200,201] with orifices [204] through the
housing [56]. Since this a straight flow through without any turns for the fluid, the
pressure drop between the inlet and outlet of the device is the minimum.
In another embodiment of the invention as shown in FIG5[B] the distance between
the combined baffle plates [200,201] or even single baffle plate [70 or 54] is made
adjustable by having the baffle plates mounted on housing [56,58] or by other
means, which can be moved relative to each other]. Though in this drawing the
movable baffle assembly is not shown it may be there in other embodiments
included with the baffle plate distance changing arrangement along the direction of
fluid flow.
In another embodiment the number of combined baffle plates [200,201] which can
be moved relative to each other can be more than two to get complex profiles of the
orifice [204] as per the needs of the application.
The application of device is illustrated with a few non-limiting examples with examples illustrating the device performance.
The invented device was fitted inside the water tank [90] as shown in Fig 3(C). As per the protocol given below, a water sample was spiked with fresh culture of E.coli. The spiked water sample was filled in a drum which submerged the check valve of the handpump. Then by the pumping action of the handpump, this spiked water was then passed through the device of the present invention and treated sample collected from the sprout [92] of the handpump water tank [90]. The microbiological content of the samples before and after the treatment measured to check the efficacy of the treatment using the device of the present invention.

Test Protocol:
a) 24 hr old culture of E.coli (ATCC 2346) with culture density 106 cfu /ml was prepared.
b) 100 ml of above culture was inoculated into 100 liters of raw water and uniformly mixed in a ground floor tank to get final concentration of approximate 103 cfu/ml.
c) The spiked raw water (before treatment) sample was collected in a 200 ml sterile sample bottle.
d) After the treatment, 200 ml of the treated sample was collected in a sterile bottle.
e) Water samples collected were transported to the laboratory in ice box at 0 to 4°C.
f) Samples were immediately subjected to microbiological analysis. Serial dilutions were carried out, 1 ml from each dilution was inoculated in the sterile petri plates. Plates poured with sterile Plate count Agar and after solidification incubated at 37°C for 24 to 48 hr.
g) After completion of incubation the colonies were counted in the raw and treated water samples.
h) The following formula was used to calculate the % reduction:
Reduction (Efficacy) = Count in Raw water sample - Count in treated water sample X 100
Count in Raw water sample Results Sample 1. Test Method:IS 1622:1981 (R-2009)

Sr No Name of Sample TBC Count (cfu/ml) % Reduction

Sample 2

1 Raw Water 153x10ˆ4 99.5
2 Treated Water 7.6x10ˆ3

Sample 2 (TNTC: Too Numerous to be counted)

Sr.No Sample Nature Incubation Condition Dilutions Set1 Set 2
1 Raw Water 37+/-1 Undiluted TNTC TNTC

Before Treatment 10ˆ-1 TNTC TNTC


10^-2 TNTC TNTC


10^-3 TNTC TNTC


10ˆ-4 TNTC TNTC


10ˆ-5 TNTC TNTC


10ˆ-6 TNTC TNTC


10ˆ-7 TNTC TNTC


10ˆ-8 350 370
Total Count 3.6x10ˆ9 cfu/ml
Treated Water 37+/-1 Undiluted TNTC TNTC


10ˆ-1 TNTC TNTC


10ˆ-2 TNTC TNTC
2

10ˆ-3 TNTC TNTC


10ˆ-4 TNTC TNTC


10ˆ-5 41 48


10^-6 4 9
Total Count 4.4x10ˆ 6 cfu/ml
% REDUCTION 99.87%
Table 3 Combined results

Sr No Name of Sample TBC Count (cfu/ml) Sample 1 TBC Count (cfu/ml) Sample 2
1 Raw Water 3.6x10^9 153x10ˆ4
2 Treated Water 4.4x10^6 7.6x10A3
% Reduction 99.87 99.5
For optimum results the entry velocity to the device for water/sewage water and
other water like liquids should be between 0 to 18 m/s.
The key constructional and functional improvements of this invention over the device

of the prior art are as follows:
♦ Decreased pressure drop across the device lowers the energy consumption
♦ This device is capable of being modularly retrofitted or built into online variable fluid flows for enhanced process intensification including cavitation
♦ The construction achieves

• faster equalization of pressure and increases real time throughput
• substantial reduction in the number of parts
• simple and cost effective manufacture
• interchangeability of parts leading to decreased inventory for usage with a variety of pumps including centrifugal and positive displacement types by modularly replacing and/or rearranging selected components in the device
• Option to change the vena contracta of the orifices either automatically or manually
• Option to change the distance between baffle plates along the direction of fluid flow either automatically or manually
♦ Treatment of water from diverse sources including ground water/industrial
water/sewage plants in batch and continuous online flow systems using the
device of the present invention produces substantially microbe free water.

I claim
1. A device for enhanced process intensification comprising inlet portion [12]
provided with first baffle plates [70], a central baffle assembly [50] provided with
orifices [32] and optional orifice strip [33] with orifices [44], housing [56,58] for
the baffle assembly, second movable baffle [52], inlet [80] and outlet [82] pipes
for fluid flow through the device, an optional filter [104];
wherein first portion as the inlet side [12] has an optional filter [104], plurality of first baffle plates [70] stacked at predetermined positions with profiled orifices [42] which has a hole [114] for an optional spindle [102];
the central baffle assembly [50] has profiled orifices [32] and optionally enveloping orifice strip [33] with profiled orifices [44] on the wall of the said portion of the chamber and is opened or closed by the movement of the second movable baffle [52] with a hole [112] for the optional spindle [102] to pass through wherein the said second movable baffle [52] is either loaded by its own weight or optionally by a spring [66], with its movement along the vertical axis of the chamber wherein with the pressure of the fluid, the movable baffle [52] is pushed up to expose the profiled orifices [32,44];
the central baffle assembly [50] is balanced with fluid pressure on inlet side and spring pressure or its own weight on the other with the equalization holes [28] facilitating the movement of the fluid above the movable baffle [50]; the portion enveloped by housing [58] is coaxially fixed to the central flow through central baffle assembly [50] separated either by spacers [106] or indentations to accommodate plurality of third set of baffle plates [54].
2. The device for enhanced process intensification as claimed in claim 1 wherein the said baffle plates [70,54] are in the form of flat discs, cones, concave or convex hemispheres or part thereof or a combination and stacked at predetermined positions.
3. The device for enhanced process intensification as claimed in claim 1 wherein further two baffle plate sets [70, 54] on each side of the said central baffle assembly [50] are provided;

the baffle plates [70, 54] have optional holes [114,116] for the optional spindle [102], when incorporated, is held at the top and bottom with an holding arrangement such as a circlip [86] with an optional filter element [104]; spring [66] is held in place by a spring holder [88] with a hole [118] and is kept in place by a circlip [84].
4. The device for enhanced process intensification as claimed in claim 1 wherein the second movable baffle [52] is of varying geometries and/or spring loaded wherein the geometry is in the form of disc, a cup, an inverted cup.
5. The device for enhanced process intensification as claimed in claim 1 is fitted in between the bottom cylinder containing the check valve and plunger assembly and the inlet pipe [98] to the water tank [90] of the handpump.
6. The device for enhanced process intensification as claimed in claims 1 wherein the baffle assembly [50] with the plurality of baffle plates [70], is coaxially mounted on the water inlet [98] of the water tank [90];
housing [56] is held in position at the top by the top cover [100] and at the bottom
by enveloping the water tank inlet [98];
the housing [56] can also be screwed on onto the water inlet [98];
before the water enters the inlet of the central baffled assembly [50] it passes
through baffle plates [70] with profiled orifice holes [42], the baffle [70] has
number of profiled orifices [42] and hole [114] through which the central rod [94]
of the handpump passes through;
the up and down motion of the central rod [94] raises the fluid and allows it to
pass through the baffle plates [70], central baffle assembly [50], profiled orifices
[32,44] against the pressure exerted by the movable baffle [52] which changes
as per the pressure of fluid which is dependent on the pumping action of the
hand pump.
7. The device for enhanced process intensification as claimed in claims 1-6
comprising two or more baffle plates placed next to each other [200,201] and
can be moved relative to each other by the arrangement of bevel gear
arrangement [202, 203] or by other means, wherein this movement changes the
area of the vena contracta of the orifices [204] thus changing the characteristics

of the process intensification; the relative movement of the combined plates[200,201] is done manually and/or automatically with fluid pressure/ electrically / pneumatically/ electronically or combination of one or more of these; fluid enters the device from [12] and passes through the combined baffle plates [200,201], the orifice shape of which can be adjusted by the handle [202] or by other means and then through the movable baffle assembly [50] where again depending on the pressure exerted by the fluid the profiled orifices [32,44] is covered or uncovered by the movable baffle [52] against the spring [66] and/or by its own weight
8. The device for enhanced process intensification as claimed in claims 1-7 wherein a provision is made to vary the distance relative to each other between two or more of the combined baffle plates [200,201] or single baffle plate [70,54] along the direction of fluid flow by having the baffles mounted on housing [56,58] or by other means, manually and/or automatically with fluid pressure/ electrically / pneumatically / electronically or combination of one or more of these.
9. The device claimed in claims 1-8 wherein the number of combined baffle plates [200,201] which can be moved relative to each other can be more than two resulting in varied profiles of the orifice [204] as per the needs of the application.
10. The device for enhanced process intensification as claimed in claims 1-9 wherein a provision is made for of a dosing hole for fluids [205] is controlled by the valve [206].
11. The device for enhanced process intensification as claimed in claims 1-10 is provided with appropriately placed sensors to sense and communicate flow characteristics, device performance, critical parameters remotely to enable configure the device to cloud.
12. The device for enhanced process intensification as claimed in claims 1-11 wherein a variable flow pump with or without specially profiled impeller or pump casing is configured with the device.
13. A method for enhanced process intensification using the device as claimed in claims 1-12, comprises of drawing the fluid from its source and after passing

through the orifices [42] of the baffle plates[70], passing into the inlet side of the central baffle assembly [50] pushing the movable baffle [52] upwards, thereby variably opening the orifices [32,44] to force the fluid to flow through the said orifice at a velocity into the water tank [90] to flow out through the sprout [92]; further, fluid flows through partly to fully open orifices [32,44] formed by movable baffle [52] and on the side of the central baffle assembly [50] as well as while passing through the profiled orifices [42] of the baffle plates[70], fluid further flows into the water tank [90] and flows out through the sprout [92]; the baffle(s) plate [70] with multiple orifices [42] in the inlet portion of the central chamber causes additional process intensification.