DESC:The present invention claims benefit of the Indian Provisional Application No. 201741017984 titled “A Device for Monitoring 0r Mass Trapping Of Muscidae And Dipteran Pests” filed on 23-May-2017 by Barrix Agro Sciences Private Limited, Karnataka, which is herein incorporated in its entirety by reference for all purposes.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is pertaining to insect control devices methodically designed to monitor and mass trapping of insects/pests. More particularly it relates to a domo trap device for monitoring or mass trapping of houseflies, blow flies and other flying insects belonging to Muscidae and Dipteran.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Flies have long been a noxious pest and harmful to living organisms in general including humans. The flies are good carriers of communicable diseases. The flies collect pathogens using their legs, hair that cover their body and mouths when females lay their eggs on decomposing organic matter such as faeces, garbage, animal corpses. These will take fraction of second to transfer those pathogens to food, exposed surfaces etc.

A variety of devices and methods have been adopted to control house flies and other flying insects. Among these are chemical sprays of insecticides, light traps, chromatic adhesive strips for capturing flies, electrocution devices etc. Each of these devices and methods has certain advantages and drawbacks.

Chemical pesticides, most flies in the recent past have been controlled and destroyed largely by pesticides. Many pesticides have become known and most quiet effectively fulfil their purpose. Many of these chemical pesticides, however, deleteriously affect the environment generally and oftentimes even human physiology. Because of these pesticides have been stringently controlled and many of the effective pesticides have been banned entirely from general use.
Chromatic glue strips are used for capturing flies. Fix the glue strips on the wall or ceiling, the flies land on the sticky tape and become permanently attached to it, thus reducing the population density of the area.

Andersen, in U.S. Pat. No. 4,849,216, issued on Jul. 18, 1989, reports the use of poultry liver with a bacterial culture capable of breaking it down, plus a mixture of yeast and sugar, as an attractant for flies in a water-based trap. Harris, in U.S. Pat. No. 3,937,826, issued on Feb. 10, 1976, disclosed the use of two food ingredients together as a fly attractant, one being a granular fish food meat by-product, and the other a yellow sugar-based attractant. The described traps with a food component of meat, fish or sugar water in order to attract the fly. This makes it somewhat inconvenient and odors emitted by the putrefaction of these components can frequently be very obnoxious, thus reducing the number of locations where the traps can be used.

None of the above inventions and cited patents, taken either single or in combination, is/are seen to disclose an efficient attraction of flies. So, there is a need for an effective, salient, non-messy device to provide a simple ready-to-use tool with particularly concerned the instinctive behavior or psychological behavior of flies for control efforts.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Various embodiments herein disclose a domo trap device for monitoring or mass trapping of muscidae and dipteran pests. The domo trap device comprises a cylindrical base bowl extruded by three steps and drafted outward. The cylindrical base bowl comprises a plurality of notches below the step enabling the pests to enter inside the domo trap device. A rim above the plurality of notches, wherein a plurality of eyelids is attached to the rim and each of the plurality of eyelids is having one hole enabling insertion of a rope through the hole for hanging the domo trap device. End of the each of the plurality of eyelids is supported by a cross projection. A screw thread extruded on outer surface of neck of the cylindrical base bowl to receive a collar. The collar is a plate like structure having hole at centre. The collar is extruded at top end and bottom end in a circular pattern where the top end is extruded on outer side to have screw threads and bottom end is extruded on inner side to have screw thread, where diameter of the bottom end bigger than the top end, where the collar being fixed on top of the cylindrical base bowl through the screw thread and screw thread extruded on the cylindrical bowl. A hollow cone perforated by a plurality of perforations, wherein the hollow cone is designed to have one or more horizontal concentric rims on its outer surface. Base of the hollow cone is designed to have a protrusion, where the protrusion allows fixing of the hollow cone between the collar and a covering cylinder. The covering cylinder being designed to cover the hollow cone, wherein the covering cylinder being extruded twice and has internal thread at the bottom and the internal thread fits into the collar upper portion.

According to one embodiment, the collar act as junction between the cylindrical base bowl, the perforated cone and the covering cylinder.

According to another embodiment, the plurality perforations of the hollow cone are concentric in shape.

According to another embodiment, the plurality of perforations of the hollow cone are supported by a plurality of vertical strips.

According to another embodiment, wherein one or more horizontal concentric rims are designed to receive a first semio-chemical, thereby allowing release of the semio-chemical through the plurality of perforations.

According to another embodiment, the covering cylinder being made from a transparent material thereby enabling monitoring of insects trapped inside the domo trap device.

According to another embodiment, a second semio-chemical formulation mixed with water and poured into the cylindrical base bowl.

According to further embodiment, the first semio-chemical placed on the one or more horizontal concentric rims is a pheromone-based lure.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS
Figure 1 (a) illustrates a front view of assembled domo trap device, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
(b) illustrates a perspective view of assembled domo trap device, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 (a) illustrates a front view of base bowl, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
(b) illustrates a top view of base bowl, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 (a) illustrates a front view of collar, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
(b) illustrates a top view of collar, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
(c) illustrates a perspective view of collar, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4 (a) illustrates a front view of perforated cone, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
(b) illustrates a top view perforated cone, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 5 (a) illustrates a front view of covering cylinder, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
(b) illustrates a perspective view of covering cylinder, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 6 illustrates a responses of house fly in wind tunnel to pheromone and control, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 7 (a) illustrates a graphical representation of flies trapped in domo trap of different colours, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
(b) illustrates present invention in ready for installation mode and in installed mode
Figure 8 illustrates a graphical representation of house flies (musca domestica) and blow flies (calliphoridae) trapped in double cone blue coloured domo trap, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 9 illustrates a graphical representation of house flies (musca domestica) and blow flies (calliphoridae) trapped in single cone blue coloured domo trap, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 10 illustrates a graphical representation of Flies trapped in Blue Coloured Domo Trap with different Cone Heights, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 11 illustrates evolution of present invention, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 12 illustrates present invention installation, operation and performance in the field, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENT INVENTION

The present invention discloses a domo trap device for monitoring or mass trapping of Muscidae and Dipteran pests. The present invention is a combination of trap and formulations of semio-chemicals. The trap is designed based on physiological acts of the flies with respect to flies flying pattern behaviour and chromatic attraction. Insect trap has improved design which provides an efficient, logical and accurate monitoring and mass trapping domo trap device. The trap is designed based on Physiological acts of the flies with respect to flies flying pattern behaviour and chromatic attraction. Insect trap has improved design which provides an efficient, logical and accurate monitoring and mass trapping domo trap device.

The trap is designed based on Physiological acts of the flies with respect to flies flying pattern behaviour and chromatic attraction. Insect trap has improved design which provides an efficient, logical and accurate monitoring and mass trapping domo trap device.

The domo trap device comprises of an insect trap and two formulations namely Pherolure and Kairolure. Figures 1(a) and 1(b) illustrate front view and perspective view the assembled domo trap device, respectively, according to one embodiment of the present invention.

1) The domo trap device consists of four components:
A. Base bowl:
Figures 2(a) and 2(b) illustrate design of the base bowl from various angles, according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a cylindrical bowl extruded by three steps (2) & (7) and drafted outward. It has four notches (1) on the surface of the bowl for the provision for entry of flies. It has a rim (3) above notches. There are four eyelids (4) provided to the rim to insert rope for hanging above the ground. Eyelids (4) are parabolic in shape and having circular hole (6) at centre and they are supported by cross projection (5) at their ends. It has an external screw thread (8) on the body of the neck (7) to fix to the Collar (B).

In one of embodiments of the base bowl, it is a cylindrical bowl having a base radius of 65 mm and draft of 2° as a first extrusion of 50mm and second extrusion of 12mm with an extended thickness of 2mm. A rim of 2mm width, 2mm in length and 2mm thick is constructed in order to provide flat eyelets. An extrusion of 15mm provided with screw thread for locking. The first extrusion contains 4 notches of 17mm x 30mm.

B. Collar:
Figures 3(a), 3(b) and 3(c) illustrate design of the collar from various angles, according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a plate like structure having hole (10) at centre and it is extruded by both the side in a circular pattern at different diameters. Both the extrusions have screw threads (internal thread (9) and external thread (11)). Collar will act as junction between all other three components.

In one of embodiments of the collar, it is a flat plate which is having two projections (15mm &15mm) at both sides in order to provide junction between all three components. It has a circular hole of 112mm diameter at centre.

C. Perforated cone:
Figures 4(a) and 4(b) illustrate design of the perforated cone from various angles, according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a hollow cone with concentric perforations (13) throughout its body to release semio-chemical. The perforations are supported by strips (14). It has a protrusion (12) at its base to fix the cone firmly between the collar (B) and covering cylinder (D). The cone contains two or more horizontal concentric rims (15) on the outer surface of cone to apply semio-chemical on it.

In one of embodiments of the perforated cone, it is a hollow cone of 120mm height, 119.5mm major diameter and 17.4mm minor diameter with perforations of 2mm wide (the design of the hollow cone is based on the size of the target pests) throughout its surface. Two rims of 3mm wide and 1.5mm thick are provided at the height of 42.16 and 82.92mm on the outer surface of the hollow cone to hold semio-chemical. It has a projection of 1.75mm wide and 2mm thick at its bottom to fix firmly in the gap created between collar upper ring and covering cylinder after the screw threading.

D. Covering cylinder:
Figures 5(a) and 5(b) illustrate design of the covering cylinder from various angles, according to an embodiment of the present invention. The Covering cylinder is a cylindrical outer cover which has extruded twice (17) and having internal thread (16) at the bottom. The Covering cylinder is made transparent to monitor whether the trap is completely filled by insects. It is dismantled after flies get filled in the device and then flies are buried in to soil.

In one of embodiments of the Covering cylinder, it is a hollow transparent cylinder of 191.20mm height, base diameter of 128.20mm having a draft of 2°. It has an internal screw thread at its bottom.

The wall thickness of all the components may vary between 1 to 2mm.

The Base bowl (A), the Collar (B) and the Perforated cone (C), colour wavelength ranging from 450 to 495 nm is found more effective to attract more insects/pests.
Figure 6 illustrates a responses of house fly in wind tunnel to pheromone and control. The response of the flies to the pheromones is much higher as compared to the flies’ response to the control. Three response parameters have been taken i.e. Flight percentage, Approach percentage, contact percentage, to check the flies’ response to pheromones and control.
Figure 7 (a) illustrates a graphical representation of flies trapped in domo trap of different colours. The data has been collected over period of 7 days. Domo trap of three different colors has been used. The flies trapped more in domo trap having blue colour as compared to other ones.
Figure 7 (b) illustrates present invention in ready for installation mode and in installed mode.
Figure 8 illustrates a graphical representation of house flies (musca domestica) and blow flies (calliphoridae) trapped in double cone blue coloured domo trap. The data has been collected over a period of seven days. The ratio of house flies (musca domestica) trapped inside double cone blue coloured domo trap is much higher than the blow flies (calliphoridae) trapped in double cone blue coloured domo trap.
Figure 9 illustrates a graphical representation of house flies (musca domestica) and blow flies (calliphoridae) trapped in single cone blue coloured domo trap. The data has been collected over a period of seven days. The ratio of house flies (musca domestica) trapped inside single cone blue coloured domo trap is much higher than the blow flies (calliphoridae) trapped in double cone blue coloured domo trap.
Figure 10 illustrates a graphical representation of Flies trapped in Blue Coloured Domo Trap with different Cone Heights. The Study has been conducted with three different cone heights i.e. 8 cm, 12 cm and 15 cm. The Blue Coloured Domo Trap with height of 12 cm has trapped most no. of house flies followed by cone with height of 8cm and cone with height of 15 cm.
Figure 11 illustrates evolution of present invention. Different models of the present invention with different heights has been studied in order to check the maximum efficiency of the present invention.
Figure 12 illustrates present invention installation, operation and performance in the field.
2) Pherolure

The pherolure consists of biodegradable angstrom voids polymer (AVP) gel matrix, wherein one or more pheromones is/are impregnated into the gel matrix in an amount varying from 0.5 % to 5.0 % by weight, more preferably 1%. The AVP matrix acts as a sustained release dispensing medium. The pheromone(s) retains their stability and the active ingredients are allowed to release at a continuous slow release rate for a prolonged period of time. Further, the pherolure formulation is protected from the degradation of UV light, moisture, and high temperature by addition of anti-oxidants, pH stabilizers, moisture retainers, anti-microbial agent, surfactants and UV blockers.

In order to increase the shelf life and to protect from the natural degradable sources (UV light, moisture, and high temperature), anti-oxidants, pH stabilizers, moisture retainers, anti-microbial agent, surfactants, UV blockers and preservatives are added.

The anti-oxidant agents are selected from a group consisting of Butylated Hydroxy Toluene (BHT), Butylated hydroxyl anisole (BHA), vitamin E, vitamin C, more preferably BHT and BHA.

The moisture retaining agents are selected from a group consisting of PEG (polyethylene glycol), PPG (polypropylene glycol), Glycerin. More preferably PEG and Glycerin.

The anti-microbial agents are selected from a group consisting of sodium benzoate, sodium sorbate, potassium sorbate, propylene oxide. More preferably sodium benzoate, sodium sorbate.

The UV-blockers are selected from a group consisting of Para-Amino Benzoic Acid, benzophenone-2 and other preservatives which protect the bioactive agent from degradation may be added in amount vary from 0.01% to 5.0 % by weight.

The preservation agents are selected from a group consisting of 2-chloroacetamide, methyl paraben, chloroprene, citric acid, bromochlorophene, benzyl alcohol, salicylic acid potassium sorbate, sodium nitrate, acetic acid, ascorbic acid, potassium benzoate, potassium lactate, sodium acetate, propyl paraben, methenamine. More preferably 2-chloroacetamide and benzyl alcohol.

Surfactants such as Triethanolamine, Triton-x 100 are added in small amount which increases the pH as well as swelling capacity of gelling agent.

Polyacrylic acid gels (Carbopol) were prepared according to the present invention. Preferred grades of polyacrylic acid are those referred to as Carbopol at concentrations of 0.5-10.0%. Higher concentrations of polyacrylic acid lower the release rate of the active components. Viscosities of polyacrylic acids are generally stable between pH 6.0 - 7.0, preferably in the pH range 6.5-7.0. The viscosity of the gels prepared ranged from about 0 to about 80,000 cps.

3) Kairolure
The kairolure, acting as fly attractant, is kept in the base bowl. The kairolure formulation is a powder being mixture of carbohydrates, proteins, etc. The powder is dissolved in 100 to 150ml of water in a cylindrical bowl and stirred well for proper mixing. Once mixed properly, the mixture the poured in the base bowl.

The AVP matrix is applied on the flat rims (15) provided on the outer surface of the perforated cone (Figure 4(b)). After application, the perforated cone is placed above the edge of upper extrusion of the Collar. After the application of the Kairolure, the transparent outer cylinder is fixed to the Collar by screwing gently to complete the assembly of the domo trap device.

EXAMPLE
The present domo trap device and its application is explained further in the following specific examples which are only by way of illustration and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

Field Testing Procedures

Field Trials has been carried out to study the efficacy of Housefly Pheromone Traps in a Poultry Farm at Devanahalli (13.2417° N, 77.7137° E), Bengaluru, which comes under 5th Agro Climatic Zone of Karnataka (Eastern Dry Zone).

Trial consists of the kairolure bait, the pherolure attractant and water as a solvent. The kairolure bait (20 ± 10 g) and water (100 ± 50 ml.) added to the food bait bowl, stirred for 2 ± 5 minutes. Mixing was performed while taking care that mixture should not be spilled on floor. Applied (20 ±5g) of the pherolure attractant to the outer rims of the perforated cone. Placed perforated cone on the Collar after applying the pherolure. The assembly is completed by closing the domo trap device with covering cylinder using screw thread. The assembled domo trap device was hanged at a height of 45 ± 15 cm and monitored 464.515 sq. m of area.

Various field trials conducted with variables in Domo trap is conducted with variations in colours of the domo trap, different sizes of the cones, single & double cones and comparing the pest trap percentage with respect to transparent and opaque domo traps, it was finally concluded that Blue bowl with Transparent lid and cone of the size 12cms was most suited for the effective trapping of the house flies (Musca domestica) and blow flies (Calliphoridae).

Table 1 to 3; Statistical analysis (ANOVA) for the various responses (contact, approach, flight) of House Fly (Musca domestica) towards biodegradable pherolure impregnated with Z-9 Tricosene and control in wind tunnel assay.

Table 1: Response of FLIGHT of House Fly (Musca domestica)
Treatments
1 2 Total
N 10 10 20
?X 457 252 709
Mean 45.7 25.2 35.45
?X2 20961 6666 27627
SD 2.9078 5.9217 11.4546

Result Details
Source SS df MS
Between-treatments 2101 1 2101 F = 96.55987
Within-treatments 391.7 18 21.76
Total 2493 19

The f-ratio value is 96.55987. The p-value is <0 .00001. The result is significant at p <0 .05.
Table 2: Response of APPROACH of House Fly (Musca domestica)
Treatments
1 2 Total
N 10 10 20
?X 412 105 517
Mean 41.2 10.5 25.85
?X2 17246 1255 18501
SD 5.4934 4.1164 16.4422

Result Details
Source SS df MS
Between-treatments 4712.45 1 4712.45 F = 200.00967
Within-treatments 424.1 18 23.5611
Total 5136.55 19

The f-ratio value is 200.00967. The p-value is < 0.00001. The result is significant at p <0.05.

Table 3: Response of CONTACT of House Fly (Musca domestica)
Treatments
1 2 Total
N 10 10 20
?X 402 32 434
Mean 40.2 3.2 21.7
?X2 16406 136 16542
SD 5.2239 1.9322 19.3638

Result Details
Source SS df MS
Between-treatments 6845 1 6845 F = 441.29656
Within-treatments 279.2 18 15.5111
Total 7124.2 19

The f-ratio value is 441.29656. The p-value is <0.00001. The result is significant at p <0.05.

Table 4: Number of house flies (Musca domestica) trapped in Domo Trap of Different Colours
Fly Species Trapped Days Bowl colour
Yellow Red Blue
House flies 1 8750 9126 14318
3 8921 9400 16468
5 9100 9628 19989
7 9304 9873 29841

Table 5: Number of house flies (Musca domestica) and blow flies (Calliphoridae) trapped in Double cone Blue Coloured Domo Trap
Double cone Domo Trap (Blue bowl)
Days House flies Blow flies
1 3400 90
3 10200 275
5 17050 430
7 23842 540
Table 6: Number of house flies (Musca domestica) and blow flies (Calliphoridae) trapped in Single cone Blue Coloured Domo Trap
Single cone Domo Trap (Blue bowl)
Days House flies Blow flies
1 4220 540
3 16895 1950
5 36519 5000
7 46389 5922

There may be minor variations not departing from the scope of the invention for different types of pheromones to be impregnated.
,CLAIMS:We Claim:
1. A device for monitoring or mass trapping of house flies (Musca domestica)
and blow flies (Calliphoridae) pests, the device comprising:
a cylindrical base bowl extruded by three steps (2 and 7) and drafted outward,
where the cylindrical base bowl comprises
a plurality of notches(1) below the step (2) enabling the pests to enter inside the device,
a rim (3) above the plurality of notches (1), wherein a plurality of eyelids (4) are attached to the rim (3) and each of the plurality of eyelids (4) is having one hole (6) enabling insertion of a rope through the hole (6) for hanging the device, end of the each of the plurality of eyelids (4) is supported by a cross projection (5), and
screw thread (8) extruded on outer surface of neck (7) of the cylindrical base bowl to receive a collar;
the collar is a plate like structure having hole (10) at centre, wherein
the collar is extruded at top end and bottom end in a circular pattern where the top end is extruded on outer side to have screw threads (11) and bottom end is extruded on inner side to have screw thread (9), where diameter of the bottom end bigger than the top end, and
the collar being fixed on top of the cylindrical base bowl through the screw thread (9) and screw thread (8);
a hollow cone perforated by a plurality of perforations (13), wherein
the hollow cone is designed to have one or more horizontal concentric rims (15) on its outer surface,
base of the hollow cone is designed to have a protrusion (12), where the protrusion (12) allows fixing of the hollow cone between the collar and a covering cylinder; and
the covering cylinder being designed to cover the hollow cone, wherein the covering cylinder being extruded twice (17) and has internal thread (16) at the bottom, and the internal thread (16) fits into the collar upper portion.

2. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the collar act as junction between the cylindrical base bowl, the perforated cone and the covering cylinder.

3. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality perforations (13) of the hollow cone are concentric in shape.

4. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of perforations (13) of the hollow cone are supported by a plurality of vertical strips (14).

5. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein one or more horizontal concentric rims (15) are designed to receive a first semio-chemical, thereby allowing release of the semio-chemical through the plurality of perforations (13).

6. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the covering cylinder being made from a transparent material thereby enabling monitoring of insects trapped inside the device.

7. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a second semio-chemical formulation mixed with water and poured into the cylindrical base bowl.

8. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first semio-chemical placed on the one or more horizontal concentric rims (15) is a pheromone-based lure.