Abstract: The present invention provide a filter for cigarette comprising graphene nano-composite based material enclosed in a casing. The filter is reusable and is plugged to any cigarette, or tobacco smoking products. The filter is a stand-alone product or manufactured integrally with each individual cigarette. The filter provides a safe smoking option to tobacco smokers without changing their smoking habits by reducing the tar content and other toxic chemicals in the inhaled smoke. The graphene based nanocomposite filter adsorbs the toxic agents from the smoke (of cigarette, beedi, hookah etc). The filter is fabricated by treating ceramic particles and coating them with carbon particles. The carbon particles are carbonized. The ceramic particles coated with carbon are segregated based on shape and size and treated chemically to convert carbon into graphene under inert conditions. The graphene coated particles are chemically functionalized for improved filtration.
We Claim:
1. A method of fabricating graphene ceramic nano-composite material filter for cigarette tobacco smoke, the method comprises:
washing ceramic material with an acid, and wherein the acid de-contaminates the surface of ceramic material and wherein the acid activates the surface of the ceramic material, and wherein the acid is taken in a pre-determined concentration, and wherein the pre-determined concentration of the acid is in a range of 10-60% v/v;
annealing the ceramic particles at a pre-determined temperature range, and wherein the pre-determined temperature range is 600-900°C;
coating the ceramic particles with a carbon precursor using a solvent to obtain a coated ceramic particles, and wherein the ceramic particles are mixed with carbon precursor in a liquid phase or a dispersion phase, and wherein after mixing the carbon precursor, solvent and the ceramic particles the carbon precursor is dried by heating at a pre-determined temperature range, and wherein the concentration of carbon precursor is in a range of 5-20% w/w;
carbonizing the carbon precursor present on the surface of the ceramic particles by heating at a pre-determined temperature range in air, and wherein the heating converts the carbon precursor into an amorphous carbon, and wherein the pre-determined temperature range is 200-400°C, and wherein after heating the ceramic particles are obtained with a coating of amorphous carbon;
segregating the ceramic particles coated with amorphous carbon based on particle size and particle shape, and wherein the ceramic particles coated with amorphous carbon are segregated based on the particle size in a range of 300-500 microns in diameter, and wherein the ceramic particles coated with amorphous carbon are segregated based on a circular shape with irregular and uneven surface;
annealing the ceramic particles coated with amorphous carbon at a predetermined temperature range in an inert atmospheric condition, and wherein the annealing converts the amorphous carbon into graphene, and wherein the predetermined temperature range is 600-900°C, and wherein the inert atmospheric condition comprises argon, nitrogen and hydrogen, and wherein annealing yields ceramic particles with graphene or granphene nano-composite material;
chemically treating the ceramic particles with graphene or graphene ceramic nano-composite material for activation of surface, and wherein the chemical treatment is an acid treatment, and wherein the acid is selected from a group consisting of sulphuric acid, hydrochloride acid and nitric acid, and wherein acid treatment makes the graphene layers porous and increases chemisorptions or adsorption of a plurality of toxic compounds from cigarette smoke, and wherein the toxic compounds adsorbed are ammonia, formaldehyde, mainstream total particulate matter (MS-TPM), nicotine, tar and nitrosamines; and
fabricating a tobacco smoke filter by packing the graphene ceramic nano-composite material in a casing with a pipe structure to form a filtration column, and wherein the graphene ceramic nano-composite material is filled in an amount of 0.5-1.5 grams, and wherein the graphene ceramic nano-composite material is directly filled in a granular form in the filtration column or the graphene ceramic nano-composite material is first die-compacted into a cylindrical column, and wherein the cylindrical column comprising a die compacted graphene ceramic nano-composite material is sintered and wherein the sintered cylindrical column comprising a die compacted graphene ceramic nano-composite material is fitted into the filtration column.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the ceramic material is selected from a group consisting of silica, alumina, titanium oxide and zirconium oxide.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the carbon precursor is selected from a group consisting of sugar, tar and asphalt.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the solvent is selected from a group consisting of water, ethanol and hexane.
5. A graphene ceramic nano-composite material filter for cigarette, the filter
comprises:
a mouth piece;
a filtration column, and wherein the filtration column comprises
grapheme ceramic nano-composite material;
a front plug;
a back plug;
a cigarette holding section; and
a cylindrical pipe to fix the cigarette,
and wherein the filtration column is positioned between the front plug and
the back plug.
6. The filter according to claim 5, wherein the graphene ceramic nano-composite material is filled in an amount of 0.5-1.5 grams in the filtration column.
7. The filter according to claim 5, wherein the front plug and the back plug are fabricated from porous material, and wherein the porous material is cellulose acetate.
8. The filter according to claim 5, wherein the graphene ceramic nano-composite material filter adsorbs the toxic compounds from cigarette smoke, and wherein the toxic compounds adsorbed from cigarette smoke are ammonia, formaldehyde, mainstream total particulate matter (MS-TPM), nicotine, tar and nitrosamines, and wherein a plurality of
functional groups are incorporated onto the surface of the graphene ceramic nano-composite material by a chemical functionalization depending on the toxins or the compounds to be adsorbed from cigarette smoke, and wherein the functional groups are selected from a group consisting of oxygen based functional groups, sulphur based functional groups, nitrogen based functional groups, halogen based functional group, phosphorus based functional group, and boron based functional groups, and wherein the oxygen based functional groups are added on the surface of graphene ceramic nano-composite material by heating the graphene nano-composite material in an ambient air (calcination) and a chemical treatment, and wherein the sulphur based functional groups, nitrogen based functional groups, halogen based functional group, phosphorus based functional group, and boron based functional groups are added on the surface of graphene ceramic nano-composite material by a chemical treatment specific to the desirable functional groups, and wherein the functional groups are added on the surface of graphene ceramic nano-composite material to remove a plurality of toxic compounds from cigarette smoke based on the affinity of toxic compounds towards the functional groups.
9. The filter according to claim 5, wherein the back plug and front plug pack the graphene ceramic nano-composite material, and wherein the back plug keeps the grapheme ceramic nano-composite material in the filtration column, and wherein the front plug is fabricated from cellulose acetate,
and wherein the back plug is fabricated from cellulose acetate or a plastic mesh tightly fitted into the mouth piece with the help of plastic pipe smaller in diameter than the filter casing.
10. The filter according to claim 5, wherein the cylindrical pipe to fix the cigarette is designed to fit with a plurality of smoking products, and wherein the cylindrical pipe to fix the cigarette is tapered from inside to fit a cigarette.
| # | Name | Date |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 201847040599.pdf | 2018-10-27 |
| 2 | 201847040599-STATEMENT OF UNDERTAKING (FORM 3) [27-10-2018(online)].pdf | 2018-10-27 |
| 3 | 201847040599-SEQUENCE LISTING(PDF) [27-10-2018(online)].pdf | 2018-10-27 |
| 4 | 201847040599-PROOF OF RIGHT [27-10-2018(online)].pdf | 2018-10-27 |
| 5 | 201847040599-PRIORITY DOCUMENTS [27-10-2018(online)].pdf | 2018-10-27 |
| 6 | 201847040599-POWER OF AUTHORITY [27-10-2018(online)].pdf | 2018-10-27 |
| 7 | 201847040599-FORM FOR SMALL ENTITY(FORM-28) [27-10-2018(online)].pdf | 2018-10-27 |
| 8 | 201847040599-FORM 1 [27-10-2018(online)].pdf | 2018-10-27 |
| 9 | 201847040599-EVIDENCE FOR REGISTRATION UNDER SSI(FORM-28) [27-10-2018(online)].pdf | 2018-10-27 |
| 10 | 201847040599-DRAWINGS [27-10-2018(online)].pdf | 2018-10-27 |
| 11 | 201847040599-DECLARATION OF INVENTORSHIP (FORM 5) [27-10-2018(online)].pdf | 2018-10-27 |
| 12 | 201847040599-COMPLETE SPECIFICATION [27-10-2018(online)].pdf | 2018-10-27 |
| 13 | Correspondence by Agent_Power of Attorney And Assignment_12-11-2018.pdf | 2018-11-12 |
| 14 | 201847040599-FORM-9 [27-12-2018(online)].pdf | 2018-12-27 |
| 15 | 201847040599-FORM 18A [27-02-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-02-27 |
| 16 | 201847040599-FER.pdf | 2019-03-27 |
| 17 | 201847040599-FORM 4(ii) [27-09-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-09-27 |
| 18 | 201847040599-RELEVANT DOCUMENTS [27-11-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-11-27 |
| 19 | 201847040599-RELEVANT DOCUMENTS [27-11-2019(online)]-1.pdf | 2019-11-27 |
| 20 | 201847040599-PETITION UNDER RULE 137 [27-11-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-11-27 |
| 21 | 201847040599-OTHERS [27-11-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-11-27 |
| 22 | 201847040599-MARKED COPIES OF AMENDEMENTS [27-11-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-11-27 |
| 23 | 201847040599-FORM 13 [27-11-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-11-27 |
| 24 | 201847040599-FER_SER_REPLY [27-11-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-11-27 |
| 25 | 201847040599-DRAWING [27-11-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-11-27 |
| 26 | 201847040599-CORRESPONDENCE [27-11-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-11-27 |
| 27 | 201847040599-CLAIMS [27-11-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-11-27 |
| 28 | 201847040599-AMMENDED DOCUMENTS [27-11-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-11-27 |
| 29 | 201847040599-ABSTRACT [27-11-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-11-27 |
| 30 | 201847040599_Marked up Claims_Granted 327111_10-12-2019.pdf | 2019-12-10 |
| 31 | 201847040599_Drawings_Granted 327111_10-12-2019.pdf | 2019-12-10 |
| 32 | 201847040599_Description_Granted 327111_10-12-2019.pdf | 2019-12-10 |
| 33 | 201847040599_Claims_Granted 327111_10-12-2019.pdf | 2019-12-10 |
| 34 | 201847040599_Abstract_Granted 327111_10-12-2019.pdf | 2019-12-10 |
| 35 | 201847040599-PatentCertificate10-12-2019.pdf | 2019-12-10 |
| 36 | 201847040599-IntimationOfGrant10-12-2019.pdf | 2019-12-10 |
| 37 | 201847040599-FORM-26 [11-02-2020(online)].pdf | 2020-02-11 |
| 38 | 201847040599-Correspondence_17-02-2020.pdf | 2020-02-17 |
| 39 | 201847040599-RELEVANT DOCUMENTS [06-04-2020(online)].pdf | 2020-04-06 |
| 40 | 201847040599-FORM 4 [16-09-2021(online)].pdf | 2021-09-16 |
| 41 | 201847040599-RELEVANT DOCUMENTS [27-09-2021(online)].pdf | 2021-09-27 |
| 42 | 201847040599-RELEVANT DOCUMENTS [29-03-2022(online)].pdf | 2022-03-29 |
| 43 | 201847040599-RELEVANT DOCUMENTS [26-04-2023(online)].pdf | 2023-04-26 |
| 44 | 201847040599-POA [26-04-2023(online)].pdf | 2023-04-26 |
| 45 | 201847040599-MARKED COPIES OF AMENDEMENTS [26-04-2023(online)].pdf | 2023-04-26 |
| 46 | 201847040599-FORM 13 [26-04-2023(online)].pdf | 2023-04-26 |
| 47 | 201847040599-AMENDED DOCUMENTS [26-04-2023(online)].pdf | 2023-04-26 |
| 48 | 201847040599-OTHERS [27-04-2023(online)].pdf | 2023-04-27 |
| 49 | 201847040599-FORM FOR SMALL ENTITY [27-04-2023(online)].pdf | 2023-04-27 |
| 50 | 201847040599-EVIDENCE FOR REGISTRATION UNDER SSI [27-04-2023(online)].pdf | 2023-04-27 |
| 51 | 201847040599-RELEVANT DOCUMENTS [25-08-2023(online)].pdf | 2023-08-25 |
| 1 | 2019-03-2617-00-29_26-03-2019.pdf |