Claims:

1. A hair comb (100) for detangling hair comprising:
a row of comb teeth (102), wherein said comb (100) has a curvature (R) and no more than two teeth (102) of the row are in the same longitudinal plane.
2. The comb (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the curvature (R) is the radius of curvature (106) ranging from 10 cm to 20 cm.
3. The comb (100) as claimed in claim 2, wherein the radius of curvature (106) ranges from 14 cm to 17 cm.
4. The comb (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gap between any two teeth is 0.4 mm to 3 mm.
5. The comb (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the comb (100) comprises comb teeth (102) with a defined spacing index (S) varying in the range from 0.4 to 0.95.
6. The comb (100) as claimed in claim 5, wherein the defined spacing index (S) is in the range varying from 0.64 to 0.95.
7. The comb (100) as claimed in claim 1 includes a plurality of rows of the comb teeth (102) such that no two teeth in each row of the plurality of rows are in the same longitudinal plane.
8. The comb (100) as claimed in claim 1 includes a plurality of ends (104), the plurality of ends (104) defining receptacles for removably receiving one or more attachment(s).
9. The comb (100) as claimed in claim 8, wherein the attachment is selected from a handle grip (202), a curved comb (100), and a linear comb (502).
10. The comb (100) as claimed in claim 8, wherein the attachment(s) is/are fixedly or pivotally secured to the comb (100) about the end (104).

, Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates generally to hair comb devices used for detangling hair, more particularly, the present invention relates to a specifically designed hair comb for detangling hair and reducing the hair breakage.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Hair combing or brushing is a regular grooming practice involving aligning of hair fibres parallel to each other. It seems a harmless activity. However, combing can be dangerous for hair and may damage it. It can cause hair to break and cause damage to the upper layer of hair (cuticle). Hair combing or brushing post wash happens regularly if not daily and also dry combing frequency has also been the highest by using appliances or accessories if used daily. (repeat). That can cause hair to knot, requiring application of more pressure when combing specially to detangle hair. As a result, hair is again more prone to breakage.
[0003] Hair combing involves certain physical transformations like extension of hair with one end tied to scalp, abrasion of hair fibre in contact with comb surface, twisting of hair fibres depending on the morphology and movement, hair-hair separation and compression forces etc. Combability of human hair depends upon detangling of tangled hairs, combing instrument that is comb as well as combing procedure. The hair combing is characterized by the Load-displacement curve which provides two important parameters- a) Plateau Load- smoothness value of hair surface and b) Peak Load- Detangling tendency of hair array. Plateau Load is also called as ‘Mid-Length force’ and is responsible for the separation of hairs and subsequent parallel alignment for styling purpose. Distribution of Plateau load to multiple hairs indicates the extensional impact to be low. Peak Load is also called as ‘End-Peak Force’ and if reflects the degree of tangling that the comb encounters as it passes through the tress; higher peak force values indicate greater tangling. An attempt of detangle hair by combing hair can inflict pain in the scalp and damage hair leading to hair breakage and hair loss.
[0004] For a healthy human being, not suffering from alopecia, there will be a daily loss of around 100 hairs per day from the head as a part of daily grooming exfoliation. The hair fall is increased highly in case of conditions like alopecia, hair damage, combing hair when in wet state or entangled state. One of the major causes of hair loss is observed by combing hair in entangled state, especially during wet condition, when hairs get pulled out of scalp or broken off (fractured hair).
[0005] Studies have suggested that force required to pull the hair fibres out of scalp varies depending upon the phase of hair cycle i.e. Anagen, Catagen or Telogen. Anagen is the active growth phase of hair follicles and hair fibres in Anagen phase are at greater risk to be pulled out is due to the peak load during combing, which is primarily due to tangled hair, which also leads to hair breakage. Thus, one clear strategy is to reduce the detangling force to aid in ease in combing and reducing hair breakage or loss.
[0006] Thus, there is a need for providing aid to ease in combing hair, especially by detangling hair, which would reduce the hair breakage.
[0007] One of the approaches could be a comb designed to overcome the problems of combing entangled hair, which could cause discomfort to the subject who’s hair are getting combed and breakage or loss of hair.
[0008] Market place is flooded with different types of combs. The flat comb which has a combing section including a plurality of equidistant comb teeth in the same horizontal plane is one of the most commonly used type of comb. Such combs however can pose difficult to user in combing hair due to the large resistance, or the hair may be tangled or even worse torn by the gaps between comb teeth easily. The main reasons to be blamed are the design of arranging the comb teeth, wherein the comb teeth are at one level having too-small distance between each comb tooth and its adjacent comb tooth, and thus the comb teeth are arranged alternately in a high density. Such too small distance between two adjacent comb teeth can further tangle hair and/or the hair may be easily broken during the process of combing hair. Such design of hair comb can also inflict pain in the scalp of the user and is not user friendly and hence not desirable. An attempt to increase the teeth gap to reduce the resistance while combing hair, may also be not desirable as combing with such widely spaced teeth may not provide requisite grooming effect. Alternate version of combs popularly known as hair brush is also not found satisfactory in solving the problem of detangling as due to multiple teeth in different planes rather further tangle hair and such hair brushes are not easy to carry.
[0009] In view of the aforementioned drawbacks of the conventional hair combs which do not solve the problem of detangling hair, do not provide proper grooming effect and cause hair breakage or loss of hair, there is an unmet need to provide a comb which can overcome one or more of such disadvantages associated with conventional combs.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
[0010] A general object of the present disclosure is to provide a hair comb which can aid ease in detangling and combing of hair.
[0011] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a hair comb having no two teeth of a row in a same longitudinal plane to aid ease in detangling of hair.
[0012] In one of the objects the present disclosure is to provide a hair comb designed so as to aid ease in detangling of hair and thereby reducing hair breakage and/or hair loss.
[0013] These and other objects of the present invention will become readily apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

SUMMARY
[0014] Aspects of the present disclosure relate generally to hair comb devices that can aid ease in detangling and combing of hair.
[0015] In an aspect the present disclosure provides a hair comb which can aid ease in combing and help in detangling of hair.
[0016] In an aspect the present disclosure provides a hair comb having a curvature such that no two teeth of a row in a same longitudinal plane to aid ease in detangling of hair.
[0017] In an aspect the hair comb (100) is curved having a curvature (R) defined by a specific radius of curvature. The radius of curvature 106 can range from 10-20 cms in a manner such that no more than two teeth are in the same longitudinal plane.
[0018] In an aspect, said teeth of said row of comb teeth are made of same material and have same flexibility.
[0019] In an aspect, the comb is provided with teeth with defined gap between two adjacent teeth, wherein the gap between any two teeth is from about 0.4 mm to 3 mm.
[0020] In an aspect the present disclosure provides a hair comb having a defined spacing index of teeth to aid ease in detangling of hair.
[0021] In an aspect, the hair comb 100 includes a row of comb teeth 102 having spacing index ranging from 0.4 to 0.95.
[0022] In an aspect, the comb teeth include any or a combination of alternatively placed long teeth, and short teeth. In an aspect the comb comprises alternatively placed long teeth and short teeth. In an aspect the comb can comprise sets of teeth placed in sequential manner, each set including a long tooth, a shorter tooth as compared to the long tooth, and a still shorter tooth compared to the short tooth in sequential manner.
[0023] In an aspect the comb in accordance with the present disclosure comprises a blade portion and two rows of teeth disposed on opposite sides of the central blade portion, wherein the no two teeth of each row are in the same longitudinal plane. Said comb with teeth disposed on opposite side of the central blades have teeth spacing to enable removal of lice. Said comb at the same time aid ease in detangling of hair.
[0024] In an aspect, the hair comb includes a plurality of ends; one or more of said plurality of end(s) define receptacles for removably receiving one or more attachment(s).
[0025] In an aspect, the attachment to be removably received include a handle grip, a curved comb, a linear comb.
[0026] In an aspect, the plurality of attachments may be fixedly or pivotally secured to the comb end.
[0027] In one aspect, the hair comb in accordance with the present disclosure aids ease in detangling of hair and thereby reducing hair breakage and/or hair loss.
[0028] In an aspect, the hair comb in accordance with the present disclosure enables grooming and/or styling hair.
[0029] Various objects, features, aspects and advantages of the inventive subject matter will become more apparent from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments, along with the accompanying drawing figures in which like numerals represent like components.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0030] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.
[0031] In the figures, similar components and/or features may have the same reference label. Further, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference label with a second label that distinguishes among the similar components. If only the first reference label is used in the specification, the description is applicable to any one of the similar components having the same first reference label irrespective of the second reference label.
[0032] FIG. 1 is an illustrative representation of a hair comb 100 in accordance with one of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0033] FIG. 2 is an illustrative representation of a hair comb 100 in accordance with another exemplary embodiment, wherein the hair comb includes a handle grip 202.
[0034] FIG. 3 is an illustrative representation of a hair comb 100, wherein the hair comb includes a handle grip, in accordance with another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0035] FIGS. 4a and 4b are illustrative representation of a hair comb 100, wherein multiple hair combs are coupled to each other in accordance with one of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0036] FIG. 5 is an illustrative representation of a hair comb 100, wherein the hair comb in accordance with the present disclosure is coupled to a linear comb as per another exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0037] FIG. 6 illustrates implementation of the hair comb 100 while combing hair in accordance with one exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
[0038] FIG. 7 is an illustrative representation of a hair comb 600 as per one of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, wherein the hair comb comprises a median blade disposed with rows of teeth on either side of the median blade, wherein the spacing between the two teeth is lesser as compared to the conventional hair comb.
[0039] FIG. 8 is a graph showing relationship between the radius of curvature of the hair comb 100 in accordance with the present disclosure with that of a peak load.
[0040] FIG. 9 is a graph showing relationship between the teeth gap index of the hair comb 100 in accordance with the present disclosure with that of a combing force and its effect on peak load and plateau load.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0041] The following is a detailed description of embodiments of the disclosure depicted in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments are in such details as to clearly communicate the disclosure. However, the amount of detail offered is not intended to limit the anticipated variations of embodiments; on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.
[0042] As used in the description herein and throughout the claims that follow, the meaning of “a,” “an,” and “the” includes plural reference unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Also, as used in the description herein, the meaning of “in” includes “in” and “on” unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
[0043] In some embodiments, the numerical parameters set forth in the written description and attached claims are approximations that can vary depending upon the desired properties sought to be obtained by a particular embodiment. In some embodiments, the numerical parameters should be construed in light of the number of reported significant digits and by applying ordinary rounding techniques. Notwithstanding that the numerical ranges and parameters setting forth the broad scope of some embodiments of the invention are approximations, the numerical values set forth in the specific examples are reported as precisely as practicable. The numerical values presented in some embodiments of the invention may contain certain errors necessarily resulting from the standard deviation found in their respective testing measurements.
[0044] The recitation of ranges of values herein is merely intended to serve as a shorthand method of referring individually to each separate value falling within the range. Unless otherwise indicated herein, each individual value is incorporated into the specification as if it were individually recited herein. All methods described herein can be performed in any suitable order unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context. The use of any and all examples, or exemplary language (e.g. “such as”) provided with respect to certain embodiments herein is intended merely to better illustrate the invention and does not pose a limitation on the scope of the invention otherwise claimed. No language in the specification should be construed as indicating any non-claimed element essential to the practice of the invention.
[0045] Groupings of alternative elements or embodiments of the invention disclosed herein are not to be construed as limitations. Each group member can be referred to and claimed individually or in any combination with other members of the group or other elements found herein. One or more members of a group can be included in, or deleted from, a group for reasons of convenience and/or patentability. When any such inclusion or deletion occurs, the specification is herein deemed to contain the group as modified thus fulfilling the written description of all groups used in the appended claims.
[0046] Various terms are used herein. To the extent a term used in a claim is not defined below, it should be given the broadest definition persons in the pertinent art have given that term as reflected in printed publications and issued patents at the time of filing.
[0047] The term “peak load” as used herein refers to the force exerted at the ends of the hair during combing which is due to an entanglement of the fiber ends with one another; attributed to hair fiber Capstan effect related to an increase in the contact angle between fibers.
[0048] The term “plateau load” as used herein refers to an initial combing force exerted, which includes a) comb-hair friction, b) force required to compress hair fibers into the spaces between teeth of comb and c) separation of the tress as the teeth of the comb move through the hair- hair-hair adhesion.
[0049] The present disclosure relates to hair comb devices that can aid ease in detangling and combing of hair.
[0050] The present disclosure provides a hair comb comprising a row of teeth wherein the comb has a curvature (R) and no two teeth of the row are in a same longitudinal plane.
[0051] In an embodiment the present disclosure provides a hair comb 100, wherein the disclosed hair comb 100 comprises a row of comb teeth 102, wherein the comb has a curvature (R) 106 and no two teeth of a row are in the same longitudinal plane.
[0052] In an embodiment the present disclosure provides a hair comb 100 comprising of a plurality of rows of the comb teeth 102 and the comb has curvature (R) 106 such that no two teeth in each row of the plurality of rows are in the same longitudinal plane.
[0053] The hair comb 100 in certain embodiments is provided with one or more of defined features selected from, curvature, comb teeth thickness, and comb teeth spacing.
[0054] In an embodiment the comb 100 is a curved comb having a curvature (R) defined by a specific radius of curvature 106 ranging from about 10 cms to 20 cms in a manner such that no more than two teeth are in the same longitudinal plane. The said curvature was surprisingly found to reduce detangling force and hair breakage.
[0055] In an embodiment the comb 100 has a radius of curvature 106 ranging from about 10 cms to 17 cms.
[0056] In an embodiment the comb 100 has a radius of curvature 106 ranging from about 14 cms to 17 cms.
[0057] In an embodiment the comb 100 is provided with comb teeth 102 such that the gap between any two teeth is from 0.4 mm to 3 mm. The preferred ranges of the distance between the teeth allows easy separation of the hair segments.
[0058] In an embodiment, the comb 100 is provided with defined thickness of comb teeth 102. In an embodiment, thickness of the comb teeth is defined such that total force per unit area during combing is less than 5*10-4gmf/µm2.
[0059] In some embodiment the present disclosure provides a hair comb having teeth tip in same or varying horizontal level to aid ease in detangling of hair.
[0060] In an embodiment the tips of each said respective teeth of comb 100 are in same horizontal level.
[0061] In an embodiment the tips of each said respective teeth of comb 100 are in non-uniform horizontal spacing.
[0062] In an embodiment the present disclosure provides hair comb having teeth of varying lengths placed suitably that is tips of teeth at varying levels to aid ease in detangling of hair.
[0063] In an embodiment the present disclosure provides a hair comb 100 having a row of the comb teeth 102 of varying lengths resulting in a specific spacing index (S) also referred as Teeth Gap Index (TGI). In the present disclosure, the spacing index and teeth gap index are used interchangeably.
[0064] The spacing index (S) for a given base design is a measure of additional free space between comb teeth 102 based on the pattern design. A spacing index (S) of 0 means the base design. The spacing index (S) of 0.5 indicates that the half of the alternate teeth have been removed from the base design and the spacing index (S) of 1 indicates the alternate teeth have been removed from the base design. According to the present invention, the spacing index in the range of 0.4 to 0.95 unexpectedly was found to provide the desirable combing force. The aforementioned spacing index of 0.4 to 0.95 of the hair comb 100 surprisingly reduces the peak load and maintains the plateau load.
[0065] In an embodiment, the comb comprises comb teeth of any or a combination of similar length, varying length for example alternate positioning of similar and varying length.
[0066] In an example, the comb teeth 102 include non-uniform horizontal spacing.
[0067] In an embodiment the comb teeth include any or a combination of alternatively placed long teeth, and short teeth. In an embodiment the comb comprises alternatively placed long teeth and short teeth. In an embodiment the comb can comprise sets of teeth placed in sequential manner, each set including a long tooth, a shorter tooth as compared to the long tooth, and a still shorter tooth compared to the short tooth in sequential manner.
[0068] In an embodiment the spacing index (S) can be in the range from 0.4 to 0.95.
[0069] In certain embodiments the spacing index (S) can be in the range of 0.5 to 0.95, or 0.55 to 0.95 or 0.6 to 0.95.
[0070] In an exemplary embodiment the spacing index (S) or the teeth gap index (TGI) is in the range from 0.64 to 0.95. The specified spacing index was surprisingly found to help in detangling of hair. Further, the hair comb 100 with said tooth spacing aids in grooming and enables styling of hair with less breakage propensity.
[0071] In one embodiment, said teeth of said row of comb teeth are made of same material and have same flexibility enabling the smooth movements while combining when comb passes through hair, especially when hair passes through entangled hair knot so as to gently move through the knot without exerting undue force and avoiding or minimizing the hair breakage, which otherwise could result due to rigid comb teeth.
[0072] The teeth on the comb may be of any shape suitable for combing hair, the shape of the teeth can be selected from cylindrical, conical, flat or any other shape suitable for comb teeth. The teeth tip can be round, blunt, tapering, round, globular, or any other suitable shape for the tip. The teeth, a portion thereof and/or tooth tip may be coated with certain active agent to impart desired activity for example anti dandruff activity, moisturizing effect, gel for setting, agent suitable for hair conditioning, agent to provide cosmetic effect like colour, glitters, or the like or the combination thereof. The teeth of the comb may be covered with a cap or cover to protect the teeth tips. The teeth can be disposed to receive additional appendage either to increase the height of the teeth for example by extension teeth which can be securedly fixed to alternate teeth to obtain comb in accordance with the present invention with varying height to further aid in detangling. In some exemplary form the teeth tip may receive appendage which can be in the form of forked teeth tip which can facilitate opening up of the tangled knots with ease and avoid har breakage.
[0073] In an embodiment, the hair comb enables grooming and/or styling hair.
[0074] In certain embodiments the comb can be adapted for achieving various functions and purposes besides combing, grooming, styling and detangling hair.
[0075] In an embodiment the present disclosure provides a hair comb comprising a blade portion and two rows of teeth, each disposed on opposite side of the central blade portion, wherein no two teeth of a row are in the same longitudinal plane. Said comb with teeth disposed on the opposite side of the central blades have teeth gap, between adjacent teeth to enable removal of parasite. Said comb at the same time is capable of aiding ease in detangling of hair for human as well as animal.
[0076] In an embodiment, the hair comb includes a plurality of ends, one or more of said plurality of end(s) define receptacles for removably receiving one or more attachment(s).
[0077] In an embodiment, the attachment to be removably received can be selected from a handle grip, a curved comb, a linear comb or any other attachment to carry out desired function or combing, grooming, styling, ironing, curling, cutting or the like.
[0078] In an embodiment, the plurality of attachments may be fixedly or pivotally secured to the comb end.
[0079] In an embodiment the present disclosure provides a hair comb in accordance with the present invention with the handle grip at one end of the comb.
[0080] In an embodiment, the present disclosure provides multiple combs attached or coupled to each other. In one embodiment, the multiple comb may comprise two or more combs in accordance with the present disclosure where no two teeth of the row are in the same longitudinal plane. In one embodiment the multiple combs comprise of one comb in accordance with the present invention and the second or additional comb may be conventional or linear comb, or a hair brush of desired configuration. In an embodiment, the multiple combs may be coupled to each other about respective ends to attain a fixed orientation of both the combs. Alternatively, the multiple hair combs 100 may be pivotally coupled to each other, so as to achieve a foldable orientation.
[0081] Following illustrates exemplary embodiments in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0082] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary representation of a hair comb 100 having a plurality of comb teeth 102 in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. The comb has a curvature (R) defined by a specific radius of curvature 106. In an exemplary embodiment, the comb 100 has a radius of curvature 106 ranging from about 10 cms to 20 cms. In another exemplary embodiment, the comb 100 has a radius of curvature 106 ranging from about 10 cms to 17 cms. In a preferred exemplary embodiment, the comb 100 has a radius of curvature 106 ranging from about 14 cms to 17 cms. The inventors of the present invention surprisingly found that hair comb 100 allows a user to comb one’s hair without using too much force. Further, the hair comb 100 easily removes hair tangles. Practically, free ends of the hair while combing curl up to form knots/ tangles which then provide a resistance to combing resulting in higher peak load. In an example, the design of the hair comb 100 restricts the movement of free ends during combing. By spacing out the comb 100 contact with hair to different planes helps preventing the tangle formation.
[0083] FIG. 2 illustrates another exemplary representation of the hair comb 100, wherein the hair comb 100 includes a handle grip 202. As shown, the hair comb 100 includes the plurality of comb teeth 102 such that no two teeth are in the same longitudinal plane X-Y-Z. In the exemplary embodiment, the handle grip 202 is fixedly attached to the hair comb 100. In some exemplary embodiment the handle grip 202 may be removably attached to the hair comb 100 about the end 104 (not shown).
[0084] FIG. 3 illustrates another exemplary representation of the hair comb 100, wherein the hair comb 100 includes a handle grip 202. As shown, the hair comb 100 includes the plurality of comb teeth. The comb 100 comprises alternatively placed teeth of different lengths, for example long teeth 302 and short teeth 304, such that no two teeth are in the same longitudinal plane. In an exemplary embodiment, the long teeth 302 are of a length of 1cm and the short teeth 304 are of a length of 0.5 cm resulting in a teeth gap index of 0.5.
[0085] FIGS. 4a and 4b illustrate different exemplary representations of multiple combs 400, wherein multiple hair combs include two combs 100 in accordance with the present disclosure coupled to each other about respective ends 104 to attain a fixed orientation of both the combs.
[0086] FIG. 5 illustrates another exemplary representation of multiple combs 500 wherein the hair comb 100 in accordance with the present invention is coupled to a conventional linear comb 502 about the end 104 to attain a fixed orientation.
[0087] FIG. 6 illustrates implementation of the hair comb 100 in accordance with the present disclosure while combing hair. Practically, combing preference for a user may differ. However, a general method of combing through hair with the hair comb 100 may include placing the concave portion of the hair comb 100 corresponding to the scalp of the user, and gently pushing the hair comb 100 along the scalp for combing and simultaneously detangling the hair.
[0088] FIG. 7 In an embodiment is a comb 600 in accordance with one of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure comprises a blade portion 802, and two rows of teeth 804 and 806 disposed on opposite side of the central blade portion 802, wherein no two teeth of a row are in the same longitudinal plane. Said comb with teeth disposed on the opposite side of the central blades has a radius of curvature between 10-20 mm. In one of the preferred embodiments the comb 600 can have a radius of curvature between 14-17 cm. Said comb at the same time is capable of aiding ease in detangling of hair.
[0089] FIG. 8 illustrates that minimum peak load between 135 to 140 gmf was surprisingly observed with the radius of curvature between 10-20 cm, which aided ease in detangling hair loop or hair knot and minimize hair breakage. The most preferred least peak load was unexpectedly found between 14 cm to about 17 cm with peak load ranging from 138 gmf to 140 gmf.
[0090] FIG. 9 illustrates the relationship between the teeth gap index and the combing force (gmf) and resultant peak load and plateau load. As can be seen from the graphs, it was surprisingly found that with the teeth gap index (TGI) ranging from between 0.64 to 0.95, the plateau load was constant throughout and the peak load. With the TGI of more than 0.95, the plateau load and peak load decreased drastically, which was ineffective in removing tangles and knots, which is not desirable.
[0091] The hair comb 100 in accordance with the present disclosure provides a reduction in peak load and plateau load, and thereby provides reduction in hair breakage and at the same time ease of styling.
[0092] While the foregoing describes various embodiments of the invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof. The scope of the invention is determined by the claims that follow. The invention is not limited to the described embodiments, versions or examples, which are included to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make and use the invention when combined with information and knowledge available to the person having ordinary skill in the art.