1. A handheld device (100) for root canal visualization, comprising: a display unit (101) that enables a user to view an enlarged image (104) or a video stream of the root canal pulp chamber of a patient, said display unit (101) being: communicatively associated with an imaging unit, through wired or wireless technologies; powered by a power button (102) that is disposed on the display unit (101); and associated with at least one first cable or wire (103) that facilitates the transmission of power and data; the imaging unit that captures said enlarged image (104) or video stream that is displayed through the display unit (101); a handle that comprises a control button (105), said control button (105) enabling the user to take at least one snap of the live video stream; a plurality of light emitting sources (112) that is adjusted or controlled through an adjustment button (109), said plurality of light emitting sources (112) ensuring a uniform and sufficient distribution of light in the tooth cavity; at least one rechargeable battery that powers the handle and at least one charge indicator (107) that indicates the status of charging; a first control unit for controlling image acquisition, and a second control unit for controlling the illumination and capturing desired images; an optical unit (111) that is optimized for smaller focal lengths, said optical unit (111) comprising: at least one optical sensor (501) that detects and measures light, and at least one image sensor, said at least one optical sensor (501) and said at least one image sensor being activated through the power button (102); a protective cover (110) that prevents any damages to the at least one optical sensor and the at least one image sensor; and an applicable installable on least one external device, with which the handheld device (100) communicates through a connectivity module (106), said application: comprising manual and automated image processing options; receiving the data; processing the data; and displaying the results through an interface.

2. The handheld device (100) for root canal visualization as claimed in claim 1, wherein the handle is powered through an adaptor.

3. The handheld device (100) for root canal visualization as claimed in claim 1, wherein the smaller focal length ranges from 1.5 mm to 10 mm.

4. The handheld device (100) for root canal visualization as claimed in claim 1, wherein a master control unit controls and monitors the operations of the handheld device (100), said master control unit being communicatively associated with the first control unit and the second control unit.

5. The handheld device (100) for root canal visualization as claimed in claim 1, wherein the master control unit, the first control unit, and the second control unit are microcontrollers.

6. The handheld device (100) for root canal visualization as claimed in claim 1, wherein the master control unit, the first control unit, and the second control unit are System on Chip.

7. The handheld device (100) for root canal visualization as claimed in claim 1, wherein the default viewing angle ranges between 110 degrees and 180 degrees.

8. The handheld device (100) for root canal visualization as claimed in claim 1, wherein handheld device (100) is made of stainless surgical steel or surgical grade plastic.

9. The handheld device (100) for root canal visualization as claimed in claim 1, wherein the handheld device (100) is configured and controlled remotely through the application installable on the external device.

10. The handheld device (100) for root canal visualization as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of light emitting sources (112) is a plurality of light emitting diodes. , Description:TITLE OF THE INVENTION: A HANDHELD DEVICE FOR VISUALIZATION OF ROOT CANAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present disclosure is generally related to medical devices. Particularly, the present disclosure is related to handheld medical devices. More particularly, the present disclosure is related a handheld medical device for the visualization of root canal. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Root canal therapy or treatment, also known as endodontic therapy, is a dental treatment for removing infection from inside a tooth. It can also protect the tooth from future infections. It is carried out in the pulp of the tooth, which is the root canal. Root canal therapy is done in three steps, namely cleaning the root canal, filling the root canal, and adding a crown or filling, and it takes between one and three sessions to complete. During a root canal treatment, several complications can occur. First, the dentist may find a lesser number of root canals in a tooth that has a higher number. If even one canal remains untreated, the infection might continue and spread into the bone. Second, the dentist must make sure that the filling material goes far enough into the canal, to fill it up. If the root canal is not properly sealed, the infection could return. Third, during the procedure, the root of the tooth may crack, making it hard to fill the tooth effectively. The visibility of root canal orifice in posterior teeth is one of the major problems a dentist faces while doing a root canal treatment. Majority have to only rely on the basic dental mirror and experience to visualize the prepared endodontic cavity to see pulp chamber and canal orifice, which can be easily missed while doing the root canal treatment. Missing a root canal, especially in posterior tooth, is one of the common problems faced by dentists, which ultimately affects the efficiency of treatment and increases the chances of root canal treatment failure. Existing products in the market to help dentists with root canal treatment include endodontic microscopes and dental loups. However, these devices suffer from various drawbacks, including: neck strain for position of posterior tooth; ergonomically not comfortable; strain in posture till procedure end (40 min approx.); heavy and bulky; expensive; and high maintenance costs. Attempts to solve the aforementioned problems have been disclosed in: U.S. publication US20150216418A1; U.S. Patent 6,584,341; U.S. Patent 4,468,197; U.S. publication 20050225630A1; and U.S. Patent 5,682,196. However, the disclosed solutions suffer from various drawbacks, and none of the disclosed solutions provide for a handheld device for visualization of root canal orifice for root canal treatment that: does not limit movement; does not strain the eye while focusing; does not require an extra assistant; is handy and portable; is cheap/affordable; and has low maintenance costs. There is, therefore, a need in the art for a handheld device for root canal visualization, which overcomes the aforementioned drawbacks and shortcomings. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A handheld device for root canal visualization is disclosed. The handheld device comprises a display unit that enables a user to view an enlarged image or a video stream of the root canal pulp chamber of a patient. The imaging unit captures said enlarged image or video stream that is displayed through the display unit. Said display unit is: communicatively associated with an imaging unit, through wired or wireless technologies; powered by a power button that is disposed on the display unit; and associated with at least one first cable or wire that facilitates the transmission of power and/or data. A handle comprises a control button, said control button enabling the user to take at least one snap of the live video stream. A plurality of light emitting sources is adjusted or controlled through an adjustment button, said plurality of light emitting sources ensuring a uniform and sufficient distribution of light in the tooth cavity. At least one rechargeable battery powers the handle and at least one charge indicator indicates the status of charging. A first control unit controls image acquisition, while a second control unit controls the illumination and capturing desired images. An optical unit is optimized for smaller focal lengths, said optical unit comprising: at least one optical sensor that detects and measures light, and at least one image sensor, said at least one optical sensor and said at least one image sensor being activated through the power button. A protective cover prevents any damages to the at least one optical sensor and the at least one image sensor. The handheld device communicates with an applicable installable on least one external device through a connectivity module, said application: comprising manual and automated image processing options; receiving the data; processing the data; and displaying the results through an interface. The disclosed handheld device for root canal visualization: does not limit movement; does not strain the eye while focusing; does not require an extra assistant; is handy and portable; is cheap; and has low maintenance costs. Further, the device allows to image objects as close as 1.5 mm. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 illustrates an embodiment of a handheld device for root canal visualization, in accordance with the present disclosure; Figure 2 illustrates another embodiment of a handheld device for root canal visualization, in accordance with the present disclosure; Figure 3 illustrates a perspective view of an embodiment of a handle, in accordance with the present disclosure; Figure 4 illustrates a perspective view of another embodiment of a handle, in accordance with the present disclosure; Figure 5 illustrates an embodiment of an optical sensor, in accordance with the present disclosure; Figure 6 illustrates a side view and bottom view of an embodiment of an optical sensor, in accordance with the present disclosure; Figure 7 illustrates a flowchart that depicts the stages of workflow in an embodiment, in accordance with the present disclosure; and Figure 8 illustrates a flowchart that depicts the use of a handheld device for root canal visualization, in accordance with the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Throughout this specification, the use of the word "comprise" and “include”, and variations such as "comprises", "comprising", “includes”, and “including” may imply the inclusion of an element or elements not specifically recited. Throughout this specification, the use of the phrase ‘handheld device’ is to be construed as a device that can be held and used easily with one or two hands. A handheld device (100) for root canal visualization is disclosed. As illustrated in Figure 1 and Figure 1, an embodiment of the handheld device (100) comprises an imaging unit and a display unit (101). The display unit (101) is powered by a power button (102) that is disposed on the display unit (101). Further, the display unit (101) is associated with at least one first cable or wire/first charging cum data cable (103) that facilitates the transmission of power and/or data. The display unit (101) enables a dentist or clinician or medical practitioner to view an enlarged image (104) or a video stream of the root canal pulp chamber of a patient, said enlarged image (104) or video stream being captured by the imaging unit. The display unit (101) is communicatively associated with the imaging unit, through wired or wireless technologies. In the wired mode, a handle is associated with at least one second cable or wire/second charging cum data cable (108) that facilitates the transmission of power and/or data. In the wireless mode, a connectivity module (106) communicatively associates the imaging unit and the display unit (101). The display unit (101) is mounted on a table, based on the preference of the dentist or clinician or medical practitioner, and supports 360-degree rotation. Further, the display unit (101) comprises a real-time operating system and an internal Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) to process a video stream. As illustrated in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, and Figure 4, the handle comprises a control button (105) that takes at least one snap of a live video stream, said control button (105) being disposed in a middle portion of the handle. On long press, the handheld device (100) starts recording the live stream. The control button (105) may indicate the status with a different color illumination, with said status being displayed visually through the display unit (101) as well. The handle is powered by at least one rechargeable battery or through an adaptor, while a plurality of light emitting sources (112) is adjusted or controlled through an adjustment button (109). The plurality of light emitting sources (112) ensures that the distribution of light in the tooth cavity is uniform and of sufficient intensity. At least one Light Emitting Diode (LED) is disposed at or near a first end of the handle to indicate the status of charging (charge indicator; 107). The handle comprises a first control unit for controlling image acquisition (i.e. controlling the process of capturing still images or instantaneous images from the continuous video stream), and a second control unit for controlling the illumination and capturing desired image(s). The acquisition data is transferred to the display unit (101) through the at least one second cable or wire (108), said at least one second cable or wire (108) being associated with the first end of the handle, or in a wireless manner through the connectivity module (106). The handle also comprises an optical unit (111) that is disposed at a second end of the handle. As illustrated in Figure 5 and Figure 6, said optical unit (111) comprises: at least one optical sensor (501) that detects and measures light, and at least one image sensor. The optical unit (111) is optimized for smaller focal lengths, which helps in imaging the root canals from very close distance. A protective cover (110) prevents any damages to the at least one optical sensor (501) and the at least one image sensor, while the power button (102) activates the at least one optical sensor (501) and the at least one image sensor. The handheld device (100) is capable of imaging objects from smaller distances (~ 2 to 10 mm) i.e. the distance from pulp floor of the tooth to the tip of the crown (white part of tooth). The device (100) allows to image objects as close as 1.5 mm. The viewing angle may differ as per application. The handheld device (100) may also comprise a plurality of Printed Circuit Boards that control the operations of individual components. For example, a Printed Circuit Board (502) controls the operations of the optical unit (111). Likewise, another Printed Circuit Board may control the operations of the charge indicator (107). In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second control unit is disposed away from the optical unit (111), and a fiber optical cable may be used instead. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, a master control unit controls and monitors the operations of the handheld device (100), said master control unit being communicatively associated with the first control unit and the second control unit. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the first control unit and the second control unit are microcontrollers. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the master control unit is a microcontroller. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the first control unit and the second control unit are System on Chip (SoC’s). In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the master control unit is a SoC. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of light emitting sources (112) is a plurality of light emitting diodes. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the display unit (101) is a LCD or LED display. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the display unit (101) is connected to a printer. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the viewing angle varies between 110 degrees and 180 degrees (preferably 128 degrees). The handheld device (100) communicates with an applicable installable on least one external device through the connectivity module (106). The application receives the data, processes the data, and displays the results through an interface/display. The handheld device (100) may be configured and controlled remotely through the application installable on the external device. The data may also be synced to a server and/or the cloud. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the at least one external device includes, but is not limited to, desktop computers, laptop computers, mobile phones, smart phones, tablets, phablets, and smart watches. The communication from the handheld device with the at least one external device may occur through wireless internet, mobile data, Bluetooth Low Energy, LoRa, ZigBee, or the like. The at least one external device comprises a display that may also function as a display unit. The application comprises manual and automated image processing options, said automated image processing comprising a machine learning module. As illustrated in Figure 7, the method of working of the handheld device (100) is as follows: The dentist identifies the tooth where root canal treatment is to be done. With an airotor, the dentist makes a hole/cavity (access cavity) in the tooth to reach the pulp chamber, with the shape of the hole being configured according to the tooth and its associated anatomy. Once the cavity is made and all the hard tissues (enamel and dentine) are removed from above the pulp chamber (“deroofing”/removing roof of pulp chamber), the dentist places a cotton swab to soak the blood and stop the bleeding from the pulp tissue. After the removal of the cotton swab, the dentist visualizes the base of the pulp chamber and locates the canal opening through the handheld device (100). Once the dentist identifies the location of the canal opening, the canal can be navigated with a hand file. Once the dentist successfully navigates and negotiates the canal, he/she can start cleaning and shaping the root canal using conventional hand files or rotary endomotor, while still using the handheld device (100) for better ease and visibility. During operation, the optical unit (111) captures the image and converts the light into pixels of information – each pixel representing color and brightness, following which pixel information is combined to create bitmap frames. The default image or video stream may be of 1920 x 1080 resolution at 30 fps. The at least one optical sensor (501) provides colour output, and the resolutions and frames can be changed through the display unit (101). The plurality of light emitting sources (112) can be adjusted to provide a better-quality image or video output. The video stream is shown on the display unit (101) through the at least one second cable or wire (108) or the connectivity module (106). A freeze control option or setting allows a user to pause acquisition by grabbing the image buffer and storing the same locally. The user can optionally store as per chosen image format, with patient details. The freeze control is toggle in nature and can switch to continuous mode on unfreeze. On pressing and holding of the freeze control, video recording starts; this is stored as per the settings. The application provides an interface to adjust parameters, such as brightness, gain, contrast, gamma, white balance, exposure time abs, sharpness, backlight compensation, hue, saturation, mirror, flip, frame rate, and resolution. The application also helps in removing noises, filtering, cropping, identifying the edges, and correcting the image quality. Through computer vision techniques, the root canals are identified, counted, and marked automatically. The machine learning module helps in decision making, with the assistive intelligence feature. Images and video of the pulp chamber of tooth are captured initially and finally after cleaning, and the data is analyzed to predict the location of the canal orifice and location opening of the canal. Before cleaning, the actual number of root canal openings is difficult to count. Sometimes, dentists miss the canal openings. After the cleaning, the root canal openings and structures become clear. The application detects the number of root canal openings and displays the same with markings. This allows the dentist in planning the root canal treatment efficiently. Figure 8 illustrates a flowchart that depicts the use or operation of the handheld device (100) for root canal visualization. The handheld device (100) can be sterilized (surface sterilized via ethanol/spirit). In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the handheld device (100) may be sterilized via autoclave. The handheld device (100) may also comprise a provision to accommodate a disposable transparent plastic sheet that covers the device (100) while it is in use. The sheet can be disposed of and the device (100) can be cleaned by spirit. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the handheld device (100) is made of stainless surgical steel or surgical grade plastic or equivalent materials suitable for sterilizations and good gripping. The disclosed handheld device (100) for root canal visualization: does not limit movement; does not strain the eye while focusing; does not require an extra assistant; is handy and portable; is cheap; and has low maintenance costs. It will be apparent to a person skilled in the art that the above description is for illustrative purposes only and should not be considered as limiting. Various modifications, additions, alterations and improvements without deviating from the spirit and the scope of the disclosure may be made by a person skilled in the art. Such modifications, additions, alterations and improvements should be construed as being within the scope of this disclosure. For instance, the handheld device (100) may comprise further buttons to enable the user to perform various functionalities, including, but not limited to, adjustment of gain, contrast, gamma, white balance, exposure time abs, sharpness, backlight compensation, hue, saturation, mirror, flip, frame rate, and resolution. Likewise, the disposition of the buttons on the handle or on the device (100) may vary to provide users with an ergonomic configuration. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS 100 – Handheld Device for Root Canal Visualization 101 – Display Unit 102 – Power Button 103 – At Least One First Cable or Wire/First Charging Cum Data Cable 104 – Enlarged Image of the Root Canal Pulp Chamber 105 – Control Button 106 – Connectivity Button 107 –Charge Indicator 108 – At Least One Second Cable or Wire/Second Charging Cum Data Cable 109 – Adjustment Button 110 – Protective Cover 111 – Optical Unit 112 – Plurality of Light Emitting Sources 501 – At Least One Optical Sensor 502 – Printed Circuit Board

Claims:1. A handheld device (100) for root canal visualization, comprising:
a display unit (101) that enables a user to view an enlarged image (104) or a video stream of the root canal pulp chamber of a patient, said display unit (101) being: communicatively associated with an imaging unit, through wired or wireless technologies; powered by a power button (102) that is disposed on the display unit (101); and associated with at least one first cable or wire (103) that facilitates the transmission of power and data;
the imaging unit that captures said enlarged image (104) or video stream that is displayed through the display unit (101);
a handle that comprises a control button (105), said control button (105) enabling the user to take at least one snap of the live video stream;
a plurality of light emitting sources (112) that is adjusted or controlled through an adjustment button (109), said plurality of light emitting sources (112) ensuring a uniform and sufficient distribution of light in the tooth cavity;
at least one rechargeable battery that powers the handle and at least one charge indicator (107) that indicates the status of charging;
a first control unit for controlling image acquisition, and a second control unit for controlling the illumination and capturing desired images;
an optical unit (111) that is optimized for smaller focal lengths, said optical unit (111) comprising: at least one optical sensor (501) that detects and measures light, and at least one image sensor, said at least one optical sensor (501) and said at least one image sensor being activated through the power button (102);
a protective cover (110) that prevents any damages to the at least one optical sensor and the at least one image sensor; and
an applicable installable on least one external device, with which the handheld device (100) communicates through a connectivity module (106), said application: comprising manual and automated image processing options; receiving the data; processing the data; and displaying the results through an interface.
2. The handheld device (100) for root canal visualization as claimed in claim 1, wherein the handle is powered through an adaptor.

3. The handheld device (100) for root canal visualization as claimed in claim 1, wherein the smaller focal length ranges from 1.5 mm to 10 mm.

4. The handheld device (100) for root canal visualization as claimed in claim 1, wherein a master control unit controls and monitors the operations of the handheld device (100), said master control unit being communicatively associated with the first control unit and the second control unit.

5. The handheld device (100) for root canal visualization as claimed in claim 1, wherein the master control unit, the first control unit, and the second control unit are microcontrollers.

6. The handheld device (100) for root canal visualization as claimed in claim 1, wherein the master control unit, the first control unit, and the second control unit are System on Chip.

7. The handheld device (100) for root canal visualization as claimed in claim 1, wherein the default viewing angle ranges between 110 degrees and 180 degrees.

8. The handheld device (100) for root canal visualization as claimed in claim 1, wherein handheld device (100) is made of stainless surgical steel or surgical grade plastic.

9. The handheld device (100) for root canal visualization as claimed in claim 1, wherein the handheld device (100) is configured and controlled remotely through the application installable on the external device.

10. The handheld device (100) for root canal visualization as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of light emitting sources (112) is a plurality of light emitting diodes. , Description:TITLE OF THE INVENTION: A HANDHELD DEVICE FOR VISUALIZATION OF ROOT CANAL
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present disclosure is generally related to medical devices. Particularly, the present disclosure is related to handheld medical devices. More particularly, the present disclosure is related a handheld medical device for the visualization of root canal.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Root canal therapy or treatment, also known as endodontic therapy, is a dental treatment for removing infection from inside a tooth. It can also protect the tooth from future infections. It is carried out in the pulp of the tooth, which is the root canal. Root canal therapy is done in three steps, namely cleaning the root canal, filling the root canal, and adding a crown or filling, and it takes between one and three sessions to complete.
During a root canal treatment, several complications can occur. First, the dentist may find a lesser number of root canals in a tooth that has a higher number. If even one canal remains untreated, the infection might continue and spread into the bone.
Second, the dentist must make sure that the filling material goes far enough into the canal, to fill it up. If the root canal is not properly sealed, the infection could return.
Third, during the procedure, the root of the tooth may crack, making it hard to fill the tooth effectively.
The visibility of root canal orifice in posterior teeth is one of the major problems a dentist faces while doing a root canal treatment. Majority have to only rely on the basic dental mirror and experience to visualize the prepared endodontic cavity to see pulp chamber and canal orifice, which can be easily missed while doing the root canal treatment.
Missing a root canal, especially in posterior tooth, is one of the common problems faced by dentists, which ultimately affects the efficiency of treatment and increases the chances of root canal treatment failure.
Existing products in the market to help dentists with root canal treatment include endodontic microscopes and dental loups. However, these devices suffer from various drawbacks, including: neck strain for position of posterior tooth; ergonomically not comfortable; strain in posture till procedure end (40 min approx.); heavy and bulky; expensive; and high maintenance costs.
Attempts to solve the aforementioned problems have been disclosed in: U.S. publication US20150216418A1; U.S. Patent 6,584,341; U.S. Patent 4,468,197; U.S. publication 20050225630A1; and U.S. Patent 5,682,196. However, the disclosed solutions suffer from various drawbacks, and none of the disclosed solutions provide for a handheld device for visualization of root canal orifice for root canal treatment that: does not limit movement; does not strain the eye while focusing; does not require an extra assistant; is handy and portable; is cheap/affordable; and has low maintenance costs.
There is, therefore, a need in the art for a handheld device for root canal visualization, which overcomes the aforementioned drawbacks and shortcomings.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A handheld device for root canal visualization is disclosed. The handheld device comprises a display unit that enables a user to view an enlarged image or a video stream of the root canal pulp chamber of a patient. The imaging unit captures said enlarged image or video stream that is displayed through the display unit.
Said display unit is: communicatively associated with an imaging unit, through wired or wireless technologies; powered by a power button that is disposed on the display unit; and associated with at least one first cable or wire that facilitates the transmission of power and/or data.
A handle comprises a control button, said control button enabling the user to take at least one snap of the live video stream. A plurality of light emitting sources is adjusted or controlled through an adjustment button, said plurality of light emitting sources ensuring a uniform and sufficient distribution of light in the tooth cavity.
At least one rechargeable battery powers the handle and at least one charge indicator indicates the status of charging.
A first control unit controls image acquisition, while a second control unit controls the illumination and capturing desired images.
An optical unit is optimized for smaller focal lengths, said optical unit comprising: at least one optical sensor that detects and measures light, and at least one image sensor, said at least one optical sensor and said at least one image sensor being activated through the power button. A protective cover prevents any damages to the at least one optical sensor and the at least one image sensor.
The handheld device communicates with an applicable installable on least one external device through a connectivity module, said application: comprising manual and automated image processing options; receiving the data; processing the data; and displaying the results through an interface.
The disclosed handheld device for root canal visualization: does not limit movement; does not strain the eye while focusing; does not require an extra assistant; is handy and portable; is cheap; and has low maintenance costs. Further, the device allows to image objects as close as 1.5 mm.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 illustrates an embodiment of a handheld device for root canal visualization, in accordance with the present disclosure;
Figure 2 illustrates another embodiment of a handheld device for root canal visualization, in accordance with the present disclosure;
Figure 3 illustrates a perspective view of an embodiment of a handle, in accordance with the present disclosure;
Figure 4 illustrates a perspective view of another embodiment of a handle, in accordance with the present disclosure;
Figure 5 illustrates an embodiment of an optical sensor, in accordance with the present disclosure;
Figure 6 illustrates a side view and bottom view of an embodiment of an optical sensor, in accordance with the present disclosure;
Figure 7 illustrates a flowchart that depicts the stages of workflow in an embodiment, in accordance with the present disclosure; and
Figure 8 illustrates a flowchart that depicts the use of a handheld device for root canal visualization, in accordance with the present disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Throughout this specification, the use of the word "comprise" and “include”, and variations such as "comprises", "comprising", “includes”, and “including” may imply the inclusion of an element or elements not specifically recited.
Throughout this specification, the use of the phrase ‘handheld device’ is to be construed as a device that can be held and used easily with one or two hands.
A handheld device (100) for root canal visualization is disclosed. As illustrated in Figure 1 and Figure 1, an embodiment of the handheld device (100) comprises an imaging unit and a display unit (101). The display unit (101) is powered by a power button (102) that is disposed on the display unit (101). Further, the display unit (101) is associated with at least one first cable or wire/first charging cum data cable (103) that facilitates the transmission of power and/or data. The display unit (101) enables a dentist or clinician or medical practitioner to view an enlarged image (104) or a video stream of the root canal pulp chamber of a patient, said enlarged image (104) or video stream being captured by the imaging unit.
The display unit (101) is communicatively associated with the imaging unit, through wired or wireless technologies. In the wired mode, a handle is associated with at least one second cable or wire/second charging cum data cable (108) that facilitates the transmission of power and/or data. In the wireless mode, a connectivity module (106) communicatively associates the imaging unit and the display unit (101).
The display unit (101) is mounted on a table, based on the preference of the dentist or clinician or medical practitioner, and supports 360-degree rotation. Further, the display unit (101) comprises a real-time operating system and an internal Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) to process a video stream.
As illustrated in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, and Figure 4, the handle comprises a control button (105) that takes at least one snap of a live video stream, said control button (105) being disposed in a middle portion of the handle. On long press, the handheld device (100) starts recording the live stream. The control button (105) may indicate the status with a different color illumination, with said status being displayed visually through the display unit (101) as well.
The handle is powered by at least one rechargeable battery or through an adaptor, while a plurality of light emitting sources (112) is adjusted or controlled through an adjustment button (109). The plurality of light emitting sources (112) ensures that the distribution of light in the tooth cavity is uniform and of sufficient intensity. At least one Light Emitting Diode (LED) is disposed at or near a first end of the handle to indicate the status of charging (charge indicator; 107).
The handle comprises a first control unit for controlling image acquisition (i.e. controlling the process of capturing still images or instantaneous images from the continuous video stream), and a second control unit for controlling the illumination and capturing desired image(s). The acquisition data is transferred to the display unit (101) through the at least one second cable or wire (108), said at least one second cable or wire (108) being associated with the first end of the handle, or in a wireless manner through the connectivity module (106).
The handle also comprises an optical unit (111) that is disposed at a second end of the handle. As illustrated in Figure 5 and Figure 6, said optical unit (111) comprises: at least one optical sensor (501) that detects and measures light, and at least one image sensor. The optical unit (111) is optimized for smaller focal lengths, which helps in imaging the root canals from very close distance. A protective cover (110) prevents any damages to the at least one optical sensor (501) and the at least one image sensor, while the power button (102) activates the at least one optical sensor (501) and the at least one image sensor.
The handheld device (100) is capable of imaging objects from smaller distances (~ 2 to 10 mm) i.e. the distance from pulp floor of the tooth to the tip of the crown (white part of tooth). The device (100) allows to image objects as close as 1.5 mm. The viewing angle may differ as per application.
The handheld device (100) may also comprise a plurality of Printed Circuit Boards that control the operations of individual components. For example, a Printed Circuit Board (502) controls the operations of the optical unit (111). Likewise, another Printed Circuit Board may control the operations of the charge indicator (107).
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second control unit is disposed away from the optical unit (111), and a fiber optical cable may be used instead.
In another embodiment of the present disclosure, a master control unit controls and monitors the operations of the handheld device (100), said master control unit being communicatively associated with the first control unit and the second control unit.
In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the first control unit and the second control unit are microcontrollers.
In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the master control unit is a microcontroller.
In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the first control unit and the second control unit are System on Chip (SoC’s).
In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the master control unit is a SoC.
In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of light emitting sources (112) is a plurality of light emitting diodes.
In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the display unit (101) is a LCD or LED display.
In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the display unit (101) is connected to a printer.
In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the viewing angle varies between 110 degrees and 180 degrees (preferably 128 degrees).
The handheld device (100) communicates with an applicable installable on least one external device through the connectivity module (106). The application receives the data, processes the data, and displays the results through an interface/display. The handheld device (100) may be configured and controlled remotely through the application installable on the external device. The data may also be synced to a server and/or the cloud.
In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the at least one external device includes, but is not limited to, desktop computers, laptop computers, mobile phones, smart phones, tablets, phablets, and smart watches.
The communication from the handheld device with the at least one external device may occur through wireless internet, mobile data, Bluetooth Low Energy, LoRa, ZigBee, or the like. The at least one external device comprises a display that may also function as a display unit.
The application comprises manual and automated image processing options, said automated image processing comprising a machine learning module.
As illustrated in Figure 7, the method of working of the handheld device (100) is as follows:
The dentist identifies the tooth where root canal treatment is to be done. With an airotor, the dentist makes a hole/cavity (access cavity) in the tooth to reach the pulp chamber, with the shape of the hole being configured according to the tooth and its associated anatomy.
Once the cavity is made and all the hard tissues (enamel and dentine) are removed from above the pulp chamber (“deroofing”/removing roof of pulp chamber), the dentist places a cotton swab to soak the blood and stop the bleeding from the pulp tissue.
After the removal of the cotton swab, the dentist visualizes the base of the pulp chamber and locates the canal opening through the handheld device (100).
Once the dentist identifies the location of the canal opening, the canal can be navigated with a hand file. Once the dentist successfully navigates and negotiates the canal, he/she can start cleaning and shaping the root canal using conventional hand files or rotary endomotor, while still using the handheld device (100) for better ease and visibility.
During operation, the optical unit (111) captures the image and converts the light into pixels of information – each pixel representing color and brightness, following which pixel information is combined to create bitmap frames.
The default image or video stream may be of 1920 x 1080 resolution at 30 fps. The at least one optical sensor (501) provides colour output, and the resolutions and frames can be changed through the display unit (101). The plurality of light emitting sources (112) can be adjusted to provide a better-quality image or video output. The video stream is shown on the display unit (101) through the at least one second cable or wire (108) or the connectivity module (106).
A freeze control option or setting allows a user to pause acquisition by grabbing the image buffer and storing the same locally. The user can optionally store as per chosen image format, with patient details. The freeze control is toggle in nature and can switch to continuous mode on unfreeze. On pressing and holding of the freeze control, video recording starts; this is stored as per the settings.
The application provides an interface to adjust parameters, such as brightness, gain, contrast, gamma, white balance, exposure time abs, sharpness, backlight compensation, hue, saturation, mirror, flip, frame rate, and resolution. The application also helps in removing noises, filtering, cropping, identifying the edges, and correcting the image quality. Through computer vision techniques, the root canals are identified, counted, and marked automatically. The machine learning module helps in decision making, with the assistive intelligence feature.
Images and video of the pulp chamber of tooth are captured initially and finally after cleaning, and the data is analyzed to predict the location of the canal orifice and location opening of the canal.
Before cleaning, the actual number of root canal openings is difficult to count. Sometimes, dentists miss the canal openings. After the cleaning, the root canal openings and structures become clear. The application detects the number of root canal openings and displays the same with markings. This allows the dentist in planning the root canal treatment efficiently.
Figure 8 illustrates a flowchart that depicts the use or operation of the handheld device (100) for root canal visualization.
The handheld device (100) can be sterilized (surface sterilized via ethanol/spirit).
In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the handheld device (100) may be sterilized via autoclave.
The handheld device (100) may also comprise a provision to accommodate a disposable transparent plastic sheet that covers the device (100) while it is in use. The sheet can be disposed of and the device (100) can be cleaned by spirit.
In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the handheld device (100) is made of stainless surgical steel or surgical grade plastic or equivalent materials suitable for sterilizations and good gripping.
The disclosed handheld device (100) for root canal visualization: does not limit movement; does not strain the eye while focusing; does not require an extra assistant; is handy and portable; is cheap; and has low maintenance costs.
It will be apparent to a person skilled in the art that the above description is for illustrative purposes only and should not be considered as limiting. Various modifications, additions, alterations and improvements without deviating from the spirit and the scope of the disclosure may be made by a person skilled in the art. Such modifications, additions, alterations and improvements should be construed as being within the scope of this disclosure. For instance, the handheld device (100) may comprise further buttons to enable the user to perform various functionalities, including, but not limited to, adjustment of gain, contrast, gamma, white balance, exposure time abs, sharpness, backlight compensation, hue, saturation, mirror, flip, frame rate, and resolution. Likewise, the disposition of the buttons on the handle or on the device (100) may vary to provide users with an ergonomic configuration.
LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS
100 – Handheld Device for Root Canal Visualization
101 – Display Unit
102 – Power Button
103 – At Least One First Cable or Wire/First Charging Cum Data Cable
104 – Enlarged Image of the Root Canal Pulp Chamber
105 – Control Button
106 – Connectivity Button
107 –Charge Indicator
108 – At Least One Second Cable or Wire/Second Charging Cum Data Cable
109 – Adjustment Button
110 – Protective Cover
111 – Optical Unit
112 – Plurality of Light Emitting Sources
501 – At Least One Optical Sensor
502 – Printed Circuit Board