DESC:TITLE OF THE INVENTION: A HEAT-REFLECTIVE WATERPROOFING MEMBRANE AND PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME THEREOF

FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present disclosure is generally related to membranes. Particularly, the present disclosure is related to a heat-reflective waterproofing membrane. More particularly, the present disclosure is related to a heat-reflective waterproofing membrane for concrete roof surface protection, and its process of manufacturing.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Nowadays, global warming is a major area of research in the global scientific community. Many efforts have been taken to reduce the problem of global warming due to the discharge of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide (CO2).
The substantial problem triggered by greenhouse gases is the overheating of major cities (Urban Heat Island Effect). Though urban areas cover only about 2.8% of the total surface of the earth, they are liable for about 75% of the consumption of energy resources (Key World Energy Statistics 2020).
Roofs of residential houses and commercial buildings, as well as roads with horizontal surfaces, account for a substantial portion of cities, and are exposed to direct sunlight. These zones absorb maximum solar radiation throughout the day, and are responsible for high solar-reflectance delivery.
Therefore, heat-reflective roofs are a major focus nowadays in the construction industry. A well-known type of reflective roof surface is the cool roof. Cool roofs are mostly associated with white roof coatings, based on polymer matrix, with heat-reflective pigments.
During summers in hot areas, cool roofs not only save up to about 15% the annual air conditioning energy use of a single-storey building, but also help in mitigating the Urban Heat Island Effect. Moreover, they also reduce air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, apart from offsetting the warming impact of greenhouse gas emissions.
Waterproofing membranes protect concrete roofs (including, but not limited to, metal, wood, and/or fibre boards) from damage and dirt pick up. Traditional waterproofing materials consist of multiple components in a liquid composition, such as: polymer-modified cementitious liquid waterproofing coatings; liquid asphalt coatings; polyurethane liquid waterproofing; bituminous membrane; and/or ballast, which are separately applied, often over an insulation layer.
All of the above mentioned membrane systems have their drawbacks, when applied over a roof, including, but not limited to: low reflectance; need for trained professionals; need for sophisticated equipment; generation of hazardous gases during application; sensitivity to environmental conditions; non-biodegradability; and/or requirement of heat at the time of installation.
There is, therefore, a need in the art for a heat-reflective waterproofing membrane that overcomes the aforementioned drawbacks and shortcomings.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A pre-fabricated heat-reflective waterproofing membrane, which does not require skilled technicians for installation, is disclosed. Said pre-fabricated heat-reflective waterproofing membrane broadly comprises: a cementitious waterproofing membrane; a heat-reflective coating; a pressure-sensitive adhesive; and a release liner.
Said cementitious waterproofing membrane broadly comprises: a powder; and a liquid. Said powder broadly comprises: OPC cement; silica sand; quartz sand; a polycarboxylate admixture; and an alkali metal salt of gluconic acid. Ratio of said powder and said liquid is about 2:1 by weight. Said powder may also comprise: a sulphonated admixture; and quartz powder.
In various embodiments, said alkali metal salt of gluconic acid is: a calcium salt; a sodium salt; a magnesium salt; or a potassium salt.
In an embodiment, said powder comprises: about 40% by weight of said OPC cement; about 5% by weight of said silica sand; about 54.8% by weight of said quartz sand; about 0.1% by weight of said alkali metal salt of gluconic acid; and about 0.1% by weight of said polycarboxylate admixture.
Said liquid broadly comprises: an elastomeric styrene-acrylic emulsion; additives (biocides, anti-foaming agents, thickeners, activators, cross-linking agents, pigments, and/or the like); and demineralised water.
In an embodiment, said liquid comprises: about 10% by weight of said demineralised water; about 89.6% by weight of said elastomeric styrene-acrylic emulsion; about 0.2% by weight of a defoamer; and about 0.2% by weight of a biocide.
Said heat-reflective coating broadly comprises: a pure acrylic emulsion; talc powder; quartz powder; a heat-reflective pigment; a defoamer; a dispersing agent; demineralised water; a thickening premix solution; a biocide; and an anti-freezing agent.
In an embodiment, said heat-reflective coating comprises: about 41% by weight of said pure acrylic emulsion; about 9.5% by weight of said talc powder; about 8.3% by weight of said quartz powder; about 22% by weight of said heat-reflective pigment; about 0.2% by weight of said defoamer; about 0.5% by weight of said dispersing agent; about 12.70% by weight of said demineralised water; about 3% by weight of said thickening premix solution; about 0.3% by weight of said biocide; and about 2.5% by weight of said anti-freezing agent.
In an embodiment, said thickening premix solution comprises: about 97% by weight of demineralised water; and about 3% by weight of carboxymethyl cellulose.
Said pressure-sensitive adhesive comprises a uniform layer, with an average thickness that ranges between about 75 µm and about 500 µm. Said pressure-sensitive adhesive bonds with a roof, upon removing said release liner. In an embodiment, said pressure-sensitive adhesive is polystyrene-polyisoprene-polystyrene or polystyrene-polybutadiene-polystyrene.

Said release liner is of: grams per square metre that ranges between about 20 and about 160; thickness that ranges between about 5 micron and about 100 micron; width that ranges between about 0.25 m and about 2 m; and about 50 m length. In an embodiment, said release liner is silicone-coated paper.
Said heat-reflective coating forms one surface of said pre-fabricated heat-reflective waterproofing membrane. Said release liner forms another surface of said pre-fabricated heat-reflective waterproofing membrane.
Said cementitious waterproofing membrane is sandwiched between: said heat-reflective coating; and said pressure-sensitive adhesive. Likewise, said pressure-sensitive adhesive is sandwiched between: said cementitious waterproofing membrane; and said release liner.
Said pre-fabricated heat-reflective waterproofing membrane is configured as a roll, and was tested in accordance with the following international standard test methods:
Heat reflectance was determined according to ASTM E 1980 by calculating solar reflectance index of horizontal and low sloped surfaces, and found to be about 105 SRI.
Static puncture test was determined according to ASTM D 5602, and the heat-reflective waterproofing membrane passed said static puncture test.
Pull of adhesion was determined according to ASTM D 4541, and found to be about 7.25 psi.
Water leakage resistance test was determined according to ASTM E2140, and the heat-reflective waterproofing membrane passed said water leakage resistance test.
The disclosed heat-reflective waterproofing membrane offers at least the following advantages: requires only about 0.5 days for installing over an about 1,000 sq. feet roof, without trained or skilled technicians; is pre-fabricated; is easy to apply on any surfaces, like metal, concrete, wood, fibre boards, etc.; is available in roll form (easy to apply onto the roof by removing the release liner with simple hand); saves electrical energy; is puncture-resistant; reduces frequent repair costs due to water leakage; is easy to carry; comprises an aesthetically smooth finish; and comprises a biodegradable release liner.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 illustrates a cross-section of a heat-reflective waterproofing membrane, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
Figure 2 illustrates a cross-section of a heat-reflective waterproofing membrane roll, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
Figure 3 illustrates a process flow of manufacturing a heat-reflective waterproofing membrane, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; and
Figure 4 illustrates a method of installing a heat-reflective waterproofing membrane on a roof, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Throughout this specification, the use of the words “comprise”, “have”, “contain”, and “include”, and variations such as “comprises”, “comprising”, “having”, “contains”, “containing”, “includes”, and “including” may imply the inclusion of an element or elements not specifically recited. The disclosed embodiments may be embodied in various other forms as well.
Throughout this specification, the disclosure of a range is to be construed as being inclusive of the lower limit of the range and the upper limit of the range.
Throughout this specification, the use of the acronym “PCE” is to be construed as polycarboxylate.
Throughout this specification, the use of the acronym “WP” is to be construed as waterproofing.
Throughout this specification, the use of the acronym “HRF” is to be construed as heat-reflective coating.
Throughout this specification, the use of the acronym “PSA” is to be construed as pressure-sensitive adhesive.
Throughout this specification, the words “the” and “said” are used interchangeably.
Also, it is to be noted that embodiments may be described as a method depicted as a flow chart, a flow diagram, a dataflow diagram, a structure diagram, or a block diagram. Although the operations in a method are described as a sequential process, many of the operations may be performed in parallel, concurrently, or simultaneously. In addition, the order of the operations may be re-arranged. A method may be terminated when its operations are completed, but may also have additional steps not included in the figure(s).
A heat-reflective waterproofing membrane is disclosed. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, as illustrated in Figure 1, the heat-reflective waterproofing membrane broadly comprises: a cementitious waterproofing membrane (1); a heat-reflective pigment-filled pure acrylic emulsion coating (2) (also referred to as “heat-reflective coating”); a self-backed acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive (3) (also referred to as “pressure-sensitive adhesive”); and a biodegradable release liner (4) (also referred to as “release liner”).
In another embodiment of the present disclosure, as illustrated in Figure 2, the finally prepared ready-to-install heat-reflective waterproofing membrane broadly comprises: the cementitious waterproofing membrane (1); the heat-reflective coating (2); and the pressure-sensitive adhesive (3), which is capable of bonding with concrete, metallic, and/or wooden roofs, by removing the release liner (4).
In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the thickness of the cementitious waterproofing membrane (1) is about 2 mm.
As illustrated in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the heat-reflective coating (2) and the release liner (4) form one surface and another surface, respectively, of the heat-reflective waterproofing membrane. The cementitious waterproofing membrane (1) is sandwiched between the heat-reflective coating (2) and the pressure-sensitive adhesive (3), while the pressure-sensitive adhesive (3) is sandwiched between the cementitious waterproofing membrane (1) and the release liner (4).
In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the cementitious waterproofing membrane (1) is prepared by mixing a powder and a liquid.
Said powder broadly comprises: OPC cement in a concentration that ranges between about 30% by weight and about 50% by weight; silica sand [river sand] (about 25 US mesh to about 60 US mesh) in a concentration that ranges between about 0% by weight and about 10% by weight; quartz sand [mining product] (maximum of about 100 mesh to about 200 mesh) in a concentration that ranges between about 30% by weight and about 60% by weight; and a commercially available polycarboxylate admixture in a concentration that ranges between about 0% by weight and about 5% by weight.
Said powder may also comprise: a commercially available sulphonated admixture in a concentration that ranges between about 0% by weight and about 5% by weight; alkali metal salt(s) of gluconic acid (calcium, sodium, magnesium, potassium, and/or the like) in a concentration that ranges between about 0% by weight and about 5% by weight; and quartz powder (about 200 mesh) in a concentration that ranges between about 0% by weight and about 15% by weight.
Silica sand is the purest form of silica (SiO2) [river sand], while quartz sand [mining product] may comprise other mineral oxides.
POWDER EXAMPLES:
S. No. Ingredient Example 1 Example 2 Example 3
1 Quartz Sand 35.00% 49.00% 54.80%
2 OPC Cement 53 Grade 30.00% 40.00% 40.00%
3 Silica Sand 20.00% 9.90% 5.00%
4 Quartz Powder 15.00% - -
5 Sulphonated Admixture - 1.00% -
6 Alkali Metal Salts of Gluconic Acid - 0.10% 0.10%
7 Polycarboxylate Admixture - - 0.10%

Said liquid broadly comprises: a commercially available elastomeric styrene-acrylic emulsion in a concentration that ranges between about 60% by weight and about 90% by weight; additives (biocides, anti-foaming agents, thickeners, activators, cross-linking agents, pigments, and/or the like) in a concentration that ranges between about 0% by weight and about 10% by weight; and demineralised water in a concentration that ranges between about 5% by weight and about 25% by weight. The additives may be of any suitable type known in the art.
LIQUID EXAMPLES:
S. No. Ingredient Example 1 Example 2 Example 3
1 Demineralised Water 25.00% 10.00% 10.00%
2 Elastomeric Styrene-Acrylic Emulsion 75.00% 90.00% 89.60%
3 Defoamer - - 0.20%
4 Biocide - - 0.20%

In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the method of synthesis of the cementitious waterproofing membrane (1) broadly comprises the following steps:
The powder ingredients are mixed in a batch mixer, in a batch of about 10 kg, for a time that ranges between about 25 minutes and about 30 minutes, in order to get a uniform powder mix. The ingredients are added into the batch mixer in the same order (as in the above Table), at intervals of about 4 minutes.
Finally, the total mix is mixed for about 10 more minutes. After completion of mixing, the bulk density ranges between about 1.5 gm/cc and about 1.9 gm/cc, with the colour of the powder being grey.
Then, the liquid ingredients are mixed in a high speed disperser, of about 10 kg batch size. All the ingredients are slowly added into the mixer in the same order (as in the above Table), at intervals of about five minutes. The total mix is mixed for about 10 more minutes. The temperature is maintained at a value that is below about 45 degrees Centigrade for the entire process.
Before adding the additives, pH ranges between about 7 and about 9, and final pH of the liquid ranges between about 6.5 and about 7.5. Mixing RPM is maintained at a value that is less than about 350 RPM.
The % of non-volatile matter ranges between about 45% and about 52%, while the viscosity ranges between about 90 cPs and about 120 cPs. Likewise, the density ranges between about 0.98 gm/cc and about 1.05 gm/cc, while the colour and the appearance of the liquid mixture are homogenous milky white emulsion.
The powder and the liquid are mixed to obtain the cementitious waterproofing membrane (1). The cementitious waterproofing membrane (1) is cast by mixing the final powder and liquid mix, in a ratio of about 2:1 by weight, in a mixing tank, with mechanical stirrer. A homogenous mixture is obtained, which is cast in a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film of about 1 m width, about 10 m length, and about 2 mm thickness, within about 60 minutes of obtaining the same. Curing is performed for about 3 days to about 7 days at room temperature, followed by rolling.
In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the heat-reflective coating (2) broadly comprises: a commercially available pure acrylic emulsion in a concentration that ranges between about 28% by weight and about 48% by weight; talc powder in a concentration that ranges between about 5% by weight and about 15% by weight; quartz powder (about 300 mesh) in a concentration that ranges between about 8% by weight and about 22% by weight; a heat-reflective pigment (for example, titanium dioxide) in a concentration that ranges between about 5% by weight and about 25% by weight; a defoamer in a concentration that ranges between about 0.1% by weight and about 0.5% by weight; a dispersing agent in a concentration that ranges between about 0.1% by weight and about 0.5% by weight; demineralised water in a concentration that ranges between about 12% by weight and about 28% by weight; a thickening premix solution in a concentration that ranges between about 0.5% by weight and about 5% by weight; a biocide in a concentration that ranges between about 0.05% by weight and about 0.5% by weight; and an anti-freezing agent (for example, polypropylene glycol) in a concentration that ranges between about 2% by weight and about 6% by weight.
THICKENING PREMIX SOLUTION EXAMPLE:
S. No. Ingredient Example (% by weight)
1 Demineralised Water 97.00
2 Carboxymethyl Cellulose 3.00

HEAT-REFLECTIVE COATING EXAMPLES:
S. No Ingredients Example 1 Example 2
1 Demineralised Water 12.09% 12.70%
2 Pure Acrylic Emulsion 35.00% 41.00%
3 Talc Powder 10.00% 9.50%
4 Quartz Powder 20.91% 8.30%
5 Heat-Reflective Pigment 15.00% 22.00%
6 Defoamer 0.20% 0.20%
7 Dispersing Agent 0.50% 0.50%
8 Thickening Premix Solution 3% 3%
9 Biocide 0.30% 0.30%
10 Anti-Freezing Agent 3.00% 2.50%

Examples of defoamers, dispersing agents, and biocides are known to a person skilled in the art.
In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the method of synthesis of the heat-reflective coating (2) broadly comprises the following steps:
The thickening premix is prepared, as per a required batch size, by taking the demineralised water in a high speed disperser, slowly adding a water-based thickening agent, and stirring for about 10 minutes.
The heat-reflective coating (2) is subsequently prepared in a high speed disperser, by adding the demineralised water and the pure acrylic emulsion to the high speed dispenser, followed by mixing for a time that ranges between about 5 minutes and about 10 minutes, at a RPM that ranges between about 100 RPM and about 150 RPM.
Then, the talc powder is added to the high speed dispenser, followed by mixing for a time that ranges between about 5 minutes and about 10 minutes, at a RPM that ranges between about 100 RPM and about 150 RPM.
Next, the quartz powder is added to the high speed dispenser, followed by mixing for a time that ranges between about 5 minutes and about 10 minutes, at a RPM that ranges between about 100 RPM and about 150 RPM.
Likewise, the heat-reflective pigment is added to the high speed dispenser, followed by mixing for a time that ranges between about 5 minutes and about 10 minutes, at a RPM that ranges between about 100 RPM and about 150 RPM.
Along similar lines, the defoamer and the dispersing agent are added to the high speed dispenser, followed by mixing for a time that ranges between about 5 minutes and about 10 minutes, at a RPM that ranges between about 100 RPM and about 150 RPM.
Subsequently, the thickening premix solution is added to the high speed dispenser, followed by mixing for a time that ranges between about 5 minutes and about 10 minutes, at a RPM that ranges between about 100 RPM and about 150 RPM.
Last, the biocide and the anti-freezing agent are added to the high speed dispenser, followed by mixing for a time that ranges between about 5 minutes and about 10 minutes, at a RPM that ranges between about 100 RPM and about 150 RPM.
After addition of all the ingredients, mixing is continued for another about 15 minutes. A temperature of about 45 degrees Centigrade is maintained for the entire process duration. After completion, the viscosity ranges between about 4,000 cPs and about 5,000 cPs, while the density ranges between about 1.35 gm/cc and about 1.40 gm/cc, with the % of non-volatile matter being about 55% or more.
In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the pressure-sensitive adhesive (3) includes, but is not limited to: solvent-based acrylic adhesives containing: ethyl hexyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, ethyl acetate, and/or vinyl monomer; natural rubber adhesives; and synthetic rubber adhesives, including synthetic rubber-based pressure-sensitive adhesives containing styrene-butadiene (SBR) or a styrenic block copolymer (SBC) (for example, polystyrene-polyisoprene-polystyrene (SIS) or polystyrene-polybutadiene-polystyrene (SBS)).
The pressure-sensitive adhesive (3) broadly comprises a substantially uniform layer, with an average thickness that ranges between about 75 µm and about 500 µm (for example, about 100 µm to about 400 µm, and/or about 125 µm to about 375 µm, and/or about 125 µm to about 300 µm). The appearance of the pressure-sensitive adhesive (3) is transparent viscous liquid, of viscosity that ranges between about 30 P and about 80 P, with the % of non-volatile matter ranging between about 62% and about 64%.
In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, said release liner (4) is silicone-coated paper of: GSM that ranges between about 20 and about 160; thickness that ranges between about 5 micron and about 100 micron; width that ranges between about 0.25 m and about 2 m; and about 50 m length.
In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, as illustrated in Figure 3, a process flow of manufacturing the heat-reflective waterproofing membrane broadly comprises the following:
The cementitious waterproofing membrane (1) configured as a roll is manufactured as described above. The roll is fixed with a continuous unwinding machine equipped with the heat-reflective coating (2), and the pressure-sensitive adhesive (3) with the release liner (4).
The top side of the cementitious waterproofing membrane (1) is coated with about 200 micron heat-reflective coating (2), which is dried by hot air, followed by coating of the bottom side with about 50 micron to about 100 micron solvent-borne acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive (3), backed with silicone-coated degradable paper release liner (4).
Figure 4 illustrates a method of installing the heat-reflective waterproofing membrane on a roof.
The concrete or the roof surface is to be slightly roughened, dried, and cleaned, in addition to maintaining required slope.
Installing the heat-reflective waterproofing membrane starts from the lowermost part of the roof, mostly in a perpendicular direction to the line of maximum slope of the roof, till a row is finished, creating overlaps at the joints between pieces.
New rows are to be placed in an upward direction up to the hip, with each row overlapping with the previous one. While overlapping two layers, care is taken to ensure that there is no loose bonding between two layers. None of the crosswise joints between pieces of each row are to be aligned with those of the adjacent rows.
The heat-reflective waterproofing membrane was tested in accordance with the following international standard test methods:
Heat reflectance was determined according to ASTM E 1980 by calculating solar reflectance index of horizontal and low sloped surfaces, and found to be about 105 SRI.
Moisture vapor transmission rate (MVTR) of the heat-reflective waterproofing membrane was determined according to ASTM E-96.
Static puncture test was determined according the ASTM D 5602, and the heat-reflective waterproofing membrane passed said static puncture test.
Pull of adhesion was determined according to ASTM D 4541, and found to be about 7.25 psi.
Water leakage resistance test was determined according to ASTM E2140, and the heat-reflective waterproofing membrane passed said water leakage resistance test.
The disclosed heat-reflective waterproofing membrane offers at least the following advantages: requires only about 0.5 days for installing over an about 1,000 sq. feet roof, without trained or skilled technicians; is pre-fabricated; is easy to apply on any surfaces, like metal, concrete, wood, fibre boards, etc.; is available in roll form (easy to apply onto the roof by removing the release liner with simple hand); saves electrical energy; is puncture-resistant; reduces frequent repair costs due to water leakage; is easy to carry; comprises an aesthetically smooth finish; and comprises a biodegradable release liner.
It will be apparent to a person skilled in the art that the above description is for illustrative purposes only and should not be considered as limiting. Various modifications, additions, alterations, and improvements without deviating from the spirit and the scope of the disclosure may be made by a person skilled in the art. Such modifications, additions, alterations, and improvements should be construed as being within the scope of this disclosure.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS
1 - Cementitious Waterproofing Membrane
2 - Heat-Reflective Coating
3 - Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive
4 - Release Liner ,CLAIMS:1. A pre-fabricated heat-reflective waterproofing membrane, which does not require skilled technicians for installation, said pre-fabricated heat-reflective waterproofing membrane comprising:
a cementitious waterproofing membrane (1), said cementitious waterproofing membrane comprising a powder and a liquid, with:
said powder comprising:
OPC cement in a concentration that ranges between 30% by weight and 50% by weight;
silica sand in a concentration that ranges between 0% by weight and 10% by weight;
quartz sand in a concentration that ranges between 30% by weight and 60% by weight;
a polycarboxylate admixture in a concentration that ranges between 0% by weight and 5% by weight; and
an alkali metal salt of gluconic acid in a concentration that ranges between 0% by weight and 5% by weight; and
said liquid comprising:
an elastomeric styrene-acrylic emulsion in a concentration that ranges between 60% by weight and 90% by weight;
additives in a concentration that ranges between 0% by weight and 10% by weight; and
demineralised water in a concentration that ranges between 5% by weight and 25% by weight;
a heat-reflective coating (2), said heat-reflective coating comprising:
a pure acrylic emulsion in a concentration that ranges between 28% by weight and 48% by weight;
talc powder in a concentration that ranges between 5% by weight and 15% by weight;
quartz powder in a concentration that ranges between 8% by weight and 22% by weight;
a heat-reflective pigment in a concentration that ranges between 5% by weight and 25% by weight;
a defoamer in a concentration that ranges between 0.1% by weight and 0.5% by weight;
a dispersing agent in a concentration that ranges between 0.1% by weight and 0.5% by weight;
demineralised water in a concentration that ranges between 12% by weight and 28% by weight;
a thickening premix solution in a concentration that ranges between 0.5% by weight and 5% by weight;
a biocide in a concentration that ranges between 0.05% by weight and 0.5% by weight; and
an anti-freezing agent in a concentration that ranges between 2% by weight and 6% by weight;
a pressure-sensitive adhesive (3) that comprises a uniform layer, with an average thickness that ranges between 75 µm and 500 µm; and
a release liner (4) of: grams per square metre that ranges between 20 and 160; thickness that ranges between 5 micron and 100 micron; width that ranges between 0.25 m and 2 m; and 50 m length,
with:
said heat-reflective coating (2) forming one surface of said pre-fabricated heat-reflective waterproofing membrane;
said release liner (4) forming another surface of said pre-fabricated heat-reflective waterproofing membrane;
said cementitious waterproofing membrane (1) being sandwiched between said heat-reflective coating (2) and said pressure-sensitive adhesive (3);
said pressure-sensitive adhesive (3) being sandwiched between said cementitious waterproofing membrane (1) and said release liner (4);
said pressure-sensitive adhesive (3) bonding with a roof, upon removing said release liner (4);
ratio of said powder and said liquid being 2:1 by weight; and
said pre-fabricated heat-reflective waterproofing membrane being configured as a roll.
2. The pre-fabricated heat-reflective waterproofing membrane, which does not require skilled technicians for installation, as claimed in claim 1, wherein said silica sand is of size that ranges between 25 US mesh and 60 US mesh.
3. The pre-fabricated heat-reflective waterproofing membrane, which does not require skilled technicians for installation, as claimed in claim 1, wherein said quartz sand is of size that ranges between 100 mesh and 200 mesh.
4. The pre-fabricated heat-reflective waterproofing membrane, which does not require skilled technicians for installation, as claimed in claim 1, claim 2, or claim 3, wherein said powder comprises:
a sulphonated admixture in a concentration that ranges between 0% by weight and 5% by weight; and
quartz powder in a concentration that ranges between 0% by weight and 15% by weight, with size of said quartz powder being 200 mesh.
5. The pre-fabricated heat-reflective waterproofing membrane, which does not require skilled technicians for installation, as claimed in claim 4, wherein said alkali metal salt of gluconic acid is: a calcium salt; a sodium salt; a magnesium salt; or a potassium salt.
6. The pre-fabricated heat-reflective waterproofing membrane, which does not require skilled technicians for installation, as claimed in claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, or claim 5, wherein said powder comprises:
40% by weight of said OPC cement;
5% by weight of said silica sand;
54.8% by weight of said quartz sand;
0.1% by weight of said alkali metal salt of gluconic acid; and
0.1% by weight of said polycarboxylate admixture.
7. The pre-fabricated heat-reflective waterproofing membrane, which does not require skilled technicians for installation, as claimed in claim 1, wherein said liquid comprises:
10% by weight of said demineralised water;
89.6% by weight of said elastomeric styrene-acrylic emulsion;
0.2% by weight of a defoamer; and
0.2% by weight of a biocide.
8. The pre-fabricated heat-reflective waterproofing membrane, which does not require skilled technicians for installation, as claimed in claim 1, wherein thickness of said cementitious waterproofing membrane (1) is 2 mm.
9. The pre-fabricated heat-reflective waterproofing membrane, which does not require skilled technicians for installation, as claimed in claim 1, wherein size of said quartz powder in said heat-reflective coating (2) is 300 mesh.
10. The pre-fabricated heat-reflective waterproofing membrane, which does not require skilled technicians for installation, as claimed in claim 1 or claim 9, wherein said heat-reflective pigment is titanium dioxide.
11. The pre-fabricated heat-reflective waterproofing membrane, which does not require skilled technicians for installation, as claimed in claim 1, claim 9, or claim 10, wherein said anti-freezing agent is polypropylene glycol.
12. The pre-fabricated heat-reflective waterproofing membrane, which does not require skilled technicians for installation, as claimed in claim 1, claim 9, claim 10, or claim 11, wherein said thickening premix solution comprises: 97% by weight of demineralised water; and 3% by weight of carboxymethyl cellulose.
13. The pre-fabricated heat-reflective waterproofing membrane, which does not require skilled technicians for installation, as claimed in claim 1, claim 9, claim 10, claim 11, or claim 12, wherein said heat-reflective coating (2) comprises:
41% by weight of said pure acrylic emulsion;
9.5% by weight of said talc powder;
8.3% by weight of said quartz powder;
22% by weight of said heat-reflective pigment;
0.2% by weight of said defoamer;
0.5% by weight of said dispersing agent;
12.70% by weight of said demineralised water;
3% by weight of said thickening premix solution;
0.3% by weight of said biocide; and
2.5% by weight of said anti-freezing agent.
14. The pre-fabricated heat-reflective waterproofing membrane, which does not require skilled technicians for installation, as claimed in claim 1, wherein said average thickness of said pressure-sensitive adhesive (3) ranges between 100 µm and 400 µm.
15. The pre-fabricated heat-reflective waterproofing membrane, which does not require skilled technicians for installation, as claimed in claim 1 or claim 14, wherein said average thickness of said pressure-sensitive adhesive (3) ranges between 125 µm and 375 µm.
16. The pre-fabricated heat-reflective waterproofing membrane, which does not require skilled technicians for installation, as claimed in claim 1, claim 14, or claim 15, wherein said average thickness of said pressure-sensitive adhesive (3) ranges between 125 µm and 300 µm.
17. The pre-fabricated heat-reflective waterproofing membrane, which does not require skilled technicians for installation, as claimed in claim 1, claim 14, claim 15, or claim 16, wherein said pressure-sensitive adhesive (3) is polystyrene-polyisoprene-polystyrene or polystyrene-polybutadiene-polystyrene.
18. The pre-fabricated heat-reflective waterproofing membrane, which does not require skilled technicians for installation, as claimed in claim 1, wherein said release liner (4) is silicone-coated paper.