FORM 2
THE PATENTS ACT, 1970
(39 of 1970)
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
A HERBAL COMPOSITION FOR TREATMENT OF ASTHMA AND PNEUMONIA IN CHILDREN
APPLICANT
Hazi Abdul Jabbar Khan,
an Indian National having address,
Ward No: 6, Civil Colony,
Junglepara, Nagri, Dist.: Dhamtari (C.G.), India
The following specification particularly describes the nature of the invention and the
manner in which it is to be performed:

A HERBAL COMPOSITION FOR TREATMENT OF ASTHMA AND PNEUMONIA IN CHILDREN
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[001] The present invention relates in general to the treatment and
prevention of asthma and pneumonia, and more particularly to an herbal composition for the treatment of asthma and pneumonia in children.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[002] Asthma is considered to be a very serious chronic allergic
disorder, and is typically characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness, recurrent airflow obstruction and symptoms of cough, wheezing and breathlessness. It is one of the most common chronic diseases of childhood, perhaps affecting as many as ten percent of children. Asthma is also responsible for significant mortality, particularly when not properly treated. It is generally accepted that asthma is characterized by chronic airway inflammation, varying degrees of airway obstruction which is usually reversible, and increases in airway responsiveness to a variety of stimuli. Muscle spasm, airway edema, abnormal mucous production and an inflammatory cell filtrate can often be observed during an acute exacerbation, frequently referred to by sufferers as "an asthma attack."
[003] Childhood asthma, remains a major health problem in
developing countries like India. Asthma's prevalence is increasing, especially among children, highlighting the need for effective treatments and prevention. The treatment of children asthma is complicated by the

variation in size of the patients. A range of different dosages has been necessary. Further, it has generally been accepted that anti-muscarinic agents which are normally given to asthma patients, should not be given to children. The administration of anti-asthmatic drugs to children is associated with various problems, of which one is the difficulty in getting sufficient drug into the airways. Children are not prescribed dry powder inhalers because they cannot suck sufficiently hard or for very long. The use of metered dose inhalers involves coordination problems, and pressurised inhalers are used with spacers. There is no medication that gives a reliable, adequate effect on a child's typical inhalation; there is either an insufficient dosage or the risk of undesirable systemic side-effects.
[004] Although inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) which are used in
treatment of asthma, greatly reduce the side effects. Adrenal suppression, decreased bone metabolism, and decreased growth are a concern in children taking ICS. Corticosteroids also produce overall immune suppression, which results in increased susceptibility to infections. In addition, recent studies indicate that continuous daily treatment with ICS had no long-term therapeutic benefit in terms of lung function because although anti-inflammatory therapy reduced the incidence of asthma symptoms in subjects with persistent asthma, it did not alter progressive lung changes or prevent recurrence of symptoms shortly after discontinuation of therapy. Additionally, two new classes of recently introduced asthma medications, leukotriene inhibitors and anti-lgE; have shown only marginal benefits.
[005] Similarly pneumonia is also the leading cause of death in
children worldwide. Pneumonia kills an estimated 1.2 million children

under the age of five years every year which is more than AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis combined. Pneumonia can be caused by viruses, bacteria or fungi. Pneumonia caused by bacteria can be treated with antibiotics. Pneumonia is a form of acute respiratory infection that affects the lungs. The lungs are made up of small sacs called alveoli, which fill with air when a healthy person breathes. When an individual has pneumonia, the alveoli are filled with pus and fluid, which makes breathing painful and limits oxygen intake.
[006] The modern methods of treatment for both asthma and
pneumonia involve use of chemicals and in most case come with side effects. In case of children the allopathic drugs may be too strong and may cause other health problems. The principle of allopathy is to suppress the symptoms while in alternative treatment systems like herbal treatment attempts to remove the root cause of the problem.
[007] In view of this, there remains an unmet need to develop
alternative, safe, effective asthma and pneumonia treatments especially suited for children in a cost effective, secure, and environmental friendly manner.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[008] In view of the foregoing disadvantages inherent in the prior
arts, the general purpose of the present invention is to provide an improved combination of convenience and utility, to include the advantages of the prior art, and to overcome the drawbacks inherent therein.

[009] In one aspect, the present invention provides a herbal
composition for treatment of asthma and pneumonia in children, comprising a therapeutically effective amount of saffron, nutmeg, carom seed flower, a vermillion and jaggery.
[0010] In yet another aspect the present invention provides a
method of manufacturing an herbal composition for treatment of asthma and pneumonia in children comprising the steps of providing saffron, nutmeg, carom seed flower, vermillion and jiggery, crushing the saffron, nutmeg, carom seed flower and vermillion separately in a powder form, and mixing by weight of the herbal composition, 1 % of saffron powder, 3 % of nutmeg powder, 15 % of carom seed flower powder, 10 % of vermillion powder in 71 % of jaggery homogeneously to form a thick paste.
[0011] In another aspect the present invention provides a method
for the treatment of asthma and pneumonia in children by administering to a patient, the therapeutically effective amount of the herbal composition of the present invention.
[0012] These together with other aspects of the invention, along
with the various features of novelty that characterize the invention, are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed hereto and forming a part of this disclosure. For a better understanding of the invention, its operating advantages and the specific objects attained by its uses, reference should be had to the accompanying drawings and descriptive matter in which there are illustrated exemplary embodiments of the invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] The advantages and features of the present invention will
become better understood with reference to the following more detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
[0014] FIG. 1 illustrates the different ingredients used in the herbal
composition, according to one embodiment of the present invention;
[0015] FIG. 2 illustrates percentage distribution of different
ingredients used in the herbal composition, according to one embodiment of the present invention; and
[0016] FIG. 3 illustrates a flowchart of the method of manufacturing
the herbal composition, according to one embodiment of the present invention.
[0017] Like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout the
several views of the drawings.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] In the following description, for purposes of explanation,
numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details.
[0019] As used herein, the term 'plurality' refers to the presence of
more than one of the referenced item and the terms 'a', 'an', and 'at least'

do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one of the referenced item.
[0020] In an exemplary embodiment, the present invention provides
a herbal composition for the treatment of asthma and pneumonia in children. The herbal composition of the present invention may be mass produced inexpensively and used in an easy, cost effective, environment friendly and productive way.
[0021] It is to be understood that the improvements of the present
invention are applicable to any of a number of herbal compositions other than those which are specifically described below. Such compositions will be readily understood by the person of ordinary skill in the art, and are achievable by causing various changes that are themselves known in state of the art.
[0022] Referring to FIGs. 1 and 2 which illustrate the ingredients of
the herbal composition for treatment of asthma and pneumonia in children, according to one embodiment of the present invention. The herbal composition comprises a therapeutically effective amount of saffron, nutmeg, carom seed flower, vermillion and jaggery. In one embodiment the herbal composition comprises by weight of the herbal composition about 1 % of saffron, 3 % of nutmeg, 15 % of carom seed flower, 10 % of vermillion and 71 % of jaggery.
[0023] Jaggery is the main ingredient of the herbal composition of
the present invention. Jaggery is a traditional uncentrifuged sugar consumed in Asia and Africa. It is a concentrated product of date, cane juice, or palm sap without separation of the molasses and crystals, and

can vary from golden brown to dark brown in color. It contains up to 50% sucrose, up to 20% invert sugars, up to 20% moisture, and the remainder made up of other insoluble matter, such as wood ash, proteins, and bagasse fibers. Jaggery, also called Gurh, is used as an ingredient in both sweet and savory dishes across India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. For example, a pinch of it is sometimes added to sambar, rasam, and other staples in India. Jaggery is mixed with other ingredients, such as peanuts, condensed milk, coconut, and white sugar, to produce several locally marketed and consumed delicacies.
[0024] Beneficial effects of jaggery:
- It is beneficial in treating conditions like indigestion and constipation.
- it Jaggery helps in promoting relaxation of muscles, nerves and blood vessels, thus enhancing their functions.
- Migraines, the most painful and uncomfortable type of headaches can be relieved to a large extent by jaggery.
- It is a rich source of iron and is therefore, very good for anemic people and it increases the hemoglobin level in the blood.
- It has strong antioxidant properties and protects our body cells from the damage caused by free radicals.
- It has the ability to purify blood and helps in regulating the liver function.
- It helps in regulating blood pressure and also helps the body to get rid of all the toxins.
- It is loaded with many essential nutrients such as proteins, vitamins and minerals, that play a key role in many life processes.
- It has potassium content that may help in reducing bloating and water retention.
[0025] Second major ingredient is carom seeds flower. The

scientific name for carom seeds flower is Trachyspermum amml and is commonly known as ajwain in India. The other names include bishop's weed, ajowan caraway, thymol seeds, vaamu in Telugu or omam Tamil. It is a plant of India, Pakistan and the Near East whose seeds are used as a spice. Because of their seed-like appearance, the fruit pods are sometimes called seeds; they are egg-shaped and grayish in colour.
[0026] The Ajwain plant is an annual herbal plant growing up to 3
feet in height. Their appearance is similar to that of the Parsley plants. The Ajwain plant mainly grows in various regions of India. They have narrow green leaves and small delicate flowers. The fruits pods of these plants are often called seeds for their seed-like appearance. Ajwain seeds contain health benefiting essential oils such as thymol, a monopterone derivative class of chemical compound, which gives aromatic fragrances to seeds. In addition, they also comprise in small amounts other phyto-chemicals such as pinene, cymene, limonene and terpinene. The ajwain may help increase the digestive function of the intestinal tract by increasing gut juices. Like caraway, ajwain seeds are rich in fiber, minerals, vitamins, and anti-oxidants.
[0027] The third major ingredient vermilion also refereed as sindoor
in India. A special type of sindoor cal rai-sindoor or ras sindoor is used in the present invention. Ras Sindoor is an Ayurvedic medicine, with herbal and mineral ingredients, in powder/tablet form. It is used in Ayurvedic treatment to improve immunity, strength etc. It is used to boost immune system, to improve strength, in cardiac diseases, colicky abdominal pain, urinary tract related diseases, inflammatory conditions, tuberculosis, chronic respiratory conditions, asthma, anemia, obesity, non healing wounds, and digestive problems. It is used as general co prescription to

improve immunity.
[0028] Another ingredient is nutmeg. The nutmeg tree is any of
several species of trees in genus Myristica. The most important commercial species is Myristica fragrans, an evergreen tree indigenous to the Banda Islands in the Moluccas (or Spice Islands) of Indonesia. Nutmeg is the seed of the tree, roughly egg-shaped and about 20 to 30 mm (0.8 to 1.2 in) long and 15 to 18 mm (0.6 to 0.7 in) wide, and weighing between 5 and 10 g (0.2 and 0.4 oz) dried, while mace is the dried "lacy" reddish covering or aril of the seed. It also grows in Kerala, a state in southern India. In India it is better know by the name 'Jaiphal'.
[0029] Jaiphal is a powerful herbal alternative medicine known to
reduce stress and exhaustion, decrease anxiety and depression, reduce joint pain and soreness. Jaiphal has been used as a natural herbal supplement for centuries for these and other maladies, and just recently jaiphal has started to become accepted by modern alternative medicine practitioners. As a spice, jaiphal, or nutmeg, is commonly used and makes many recipes taste more flavorful and aromatic. Jaiphal also has antiinflammatory, anti-diarrheal, analgesic male potency increasing properties. In addition, at a higher dose this home remedy can help a person find calm or sleep.
[0030] The last ingredient is saffron which is also called 'kesar' in
India. One of the most costly spices in the world derived from the dried stigma of saffron flower is the saffron spice. This spice is considered as a golden spice as it can not only be used in cooking to add an aroma to food, turning any dish into an exotic one, it can also be beneficial to a number of health problems. It is used as medicine from ancient times. This

spice is special and a precious spice as it has numerous health benefits which can help in the enhancement of one's overall well being. Saffron is effective for providing relief from gas and acidity related problems. It helps in relieving inflammation of arthritis. Saffron also provides relief from joint pains. It is very helpful for athletes as it eases fatigue and muscle inflammation by helping the tissues to get rid of lactic acid which gets built up after strenuous exercise. It is said that saffron is also a mild sedative which can be used for insomnia and even treat depression. Taking a pinch of saffron with milk before bed helps in sleep disorders like insomnia. Saffron also contains the compound "crocin", which scientists believe that helps in reducing fever. Crocin found in saffron also promotes learning, memory retention, and recall capacity.
[0031] All the above ingredients are taken in proportions to make
the herbal composition of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 3 which illustrates a flowchart of the method 100 of manufacturing the herbal composition according to one embodiment of the present invention. The method 100 starts with step 110 of providing saffron, nutmeg, carom seed flower, vermillion and jaggery. All the ingredients described are collected and gathered for further processing. In next step 120 the ingredients saffron, nutmeg, carom seed flower and vermillion is crushed to powder form. Each of the ingredients is crushed separately.
[0032] Now in step 130 as per the weight of the herbal composition
1 % Saffron powder, 3 % Nutmeg powder, 15 % Carom seed flower powder, 10 % Vermillion powder is mixed in 71 % Jaggery homogeneously to form a thick paste. The thick paste is the herbal formulation of the present invention. The herbal formulation may be stored in any non-reacting container for very long period without any expiry period. For

storing a glass, plastic jar, polythene bag etc may be used. It is to be noted that the herbal formulation should not be kept in metal containers as it may react with metal and may produce some unwanted chemicals.
[0033] For example if 100 gms of herbal formulation has to be
prepared then the ingredients used will be 1 gm Saffron powder, 3 gms Nutmeg powder, 15 gms Carom seed flower powder, 10 gms Vermillion powder is mixed in 71 gms of Jaggery to form a thick paste.
[0034] In one embodiment the present invention provides a method
for the treatment of asthma and pneumonia in children comprising administering, to a patient in need thereof, the therapeutically effective amount of the herbal composition of the present invention. The herbal composition is preferably for asthma and pneumonia treatment of children in the age group of 0 to 11 years.
[0035] In one embodiment the herbal composition may be
administered by mixing with breast milk for children from 0 to 2 years of age. A prescribed amount of herbal composition is taken and mixed with breast milk and given to the child. In another embodiment the composition may be administered directly for children from 2 to 11 years of age. The children of the age group 2 to 11 years can eat and so the herbal composition may be given them orally without the need to mix with milk.
[0036] In one embodiment of the present invention the herbal
composition is administered for a period of 90 days in a course of treatment. The period of 90 days has been decided based on years of experience of the inventor in the treatment of asthma and pneumonia in children.

[0037] The dosage regimen of the herbal composition of the present
invention is different for children of different ages. In one embodiment the dose of the herbal composition administered is a half peanut size for children from 0 to 2 years of age. In another embodiment the dose of the herbal composition administered is a three-fourth peanut size for children from 2 to 8 years of age. Similarly in another embodiment the dose of the herbal composition administered is one peanut size for children from 8 to 11 years of age.
[0038) The herbal composition of the present invention is made
completely of natural herbal ingredients which do not have any side effects and is not at all harmful. The correct proportion of the ingredients has been obtained by research of many years and experience.
[0039] The use of herbal compistion of the present invention has
many advantages. As this composition is able to exert its therapeutic effect over a prolonged period, the patient will benefit from relief of symptoms for a longer period than with conventional anti-muscarinic treatments. Thus, for example, there is a high and immediate onset of bronchodilation. Further, it is apparent that different dosages of the herbal composition, without side-effects, are essentially equivalent in effect. Further, problems associated with anti-muscarinics, such as tachycardia, are apparently absent. This makes the medicament particularly suitable for the treatment of children. It can be used to treat childhood asthma, e.g. in pre-pubertal children, typically 2 to 11 years old.
[0040] It is fully natural and do not contain any preservatives or
chemicals to retain its form. Some available herbal products available in market also use chemicals to preserve the form. However the herbal

composition of the present invention is completely natural and no chemical is added to it. The shelf life of the product is very long since all of its ingredients are natural. Even no additional preservative is required to retain its properties.
[0041] All percentages, parts and ratios are based upon the total
weight of the compositions of the present invention, unless otherwise specified. All such weights as they pertain to listed ingredients are based on the active level and; therefore do not include solvents or by-products that may be included in commercially available materials, unless otherwise specified.
[0042] In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, and
ingredients have not been described herein so as not to obscure the particular embodiments of the present invention. Further, various aspects of embodiments of the present invention may be made using various ingredients and methods.
[0043] Although a particular exemplary embodiment of the invention
has been disclosed in detail for illustrative purposes, it will be recognized to those skilled in the art that variations or modifications of the disclosed invention, including the rearrangement in the steps of the method, changes in proportion, variances in terms of shape may be possible. Accordingly, the invention is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variations as may fall within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
[0044] The foregoing descriptions of specific embodiments of the
present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and

description. They are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and its practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention and various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is understood that various omissions, substitutions of equivalents are contemplated as circumstance may suggest or render expedient, but is intended to cover the application or implementation without departing from the spirit or scope of the claims of the present invention.

I Claim:
1. A herbal composition for treatment of asthama and pneumonia in children,
comprising a therapeutically effective amount of:
- a saffron;
- a nutmeg;
- a carom seed flower;
- a vermillion; and -a jaggery.
2. The herbal composition according to claim 1. wherein the therapeutically
effective amount of:
- the saffron is 1 % by weight of the herbal composition;
- the nutmeg is 3 % by weight of the herbal composition;
- the carom seed flower is 15 % by weight of the herbal composition;
- the vermillion is 10 % by weight of the herbal composition; and
- the jaggery is 71 % by weight of the herbal composition.
3. A method of manufacturing an herbal composition for treatment of asthma
and pneumonia in children comprising the steps of:
- providing a saffron, a nutmeg, a carom seed flower, a vermillion and a jaggery;
- crushing the saffron, the nutmeg, the carom seed flower and the vermillion separately in a powder form; and
- mixing by weight of the herbal composition, 1 % of the saffron powder, 3 % of the nutmeg powder, 15 % of the carom seed flower powder, 10 % of the vermillion powder in 71 % of the jaggery homogeneously to form a thick paste.

4. A method for the treatment of asthma and pneumonia in children
comprising administering, to a patient in need thereof, the therapeutically
effective amount of the herbal composition of claim 1.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the composition is administered by mixing with a breast milk for children from 0 to 2 years of age.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the composition is administered directly for children from 2 to 11 years of age.
7. The method according to claim 4, wherein the composition is administered for a period of 90 days in a course of treatment.

8. The method according to claim 4, wherein a dose of the herbal composition administered is a half peanut size for children from 0 to 2 years of age.
9. The method according to claim 4, wherein a dose of the herbal composition administered is a three-fourth peanut size for children from 2 to 8 years of age.
10. The method according to claim 4, wherein a dose of the herbal
composition administered is one peanut size for children from 8 to 11 years
of age.