FORM-2
THE PATENTS ACT, 1970
&
The Patents Rules. 2003
COMLPETE SPECIFICATION
(See section 10 and rule 13)
1. TITLE OF THE INVENTION
"A KNOCK DOWN KIT FOR BIOGAS GENERATION."
2. APPLICANT
a) NAME: Kirloskar Integrated Technologies Limited
b) NATIONALITY: An Indian Company registered under the provisions of the
Companies Act, 1956.
c) ADDRESS: 13/A, Karve Road, Kothrud, Pune- 411038.M.S. India.
INVENTORS:
a) NAME: MATE N1TANT VISHNU
b) NATIONALITY INDIAN
c) ADDRESS: 9 'Shriman', 793 Bhandarkar Road, Pune 411004, Maharashtra,
India.
a) NAME: GANU SHIRISH MADHAV
b) NATIONALITY INDIAN
c) ADDRESS: Plot no I, Manmohan Housing Society, Karvenagar, Pune,
411052, Maharashtra, India.

a) NAME: GOKHALE SATISH MADHUKAR
b) NATIONALITY INDIAN
c) ADDRESS: 826, Anandi Apartments, Bhandarkar Road, Lane No. 13,
Pune- 411004, Maharashtra, India.
a)NAME: PATIL AMOL SUDHAKAR
b)NATIONALITY INDIAN
c) ADDRESS: C 2-202, Madhukunj Society, S.No 82/5, Near Guru
Ganesh Nagar, Kothrud, Pune- 411 038, Maharashtra,
India.
3. PREAMBLE TO THE DESCRIPTION
COMPLETE
The following specification particularly describes the process invention and the manner in which it is to be performed.

FIELD OF INVENTION:
The invention relates to a system of incorporation of solar energy and bio energy. Particularly, it relates to providing energy in the form of fuel and electricity by means of biogas generation and photo voltaic cells. More particularly it relates to a friendly, portable, stackable, easy to assemble, durable, light weight, easy to transport biogas reactor which meets the rural and urban areas needs of energy from renewable sources and / or waste management.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION:
India is an economy with over 70 percent of its population depending on agriculture practices for livelihood. As the Indian economy grows, the demand for energy also grows rapidly. Currently we depend on fossil fuels to satisfy our energy needs. However due to rising concerns over environmental hazards, more eco-friendly and sustainable energy solutions are necessary. To cater to such requirements, some viable solution can be evolved in applications of biogas and solar technologies, wherein biogas provides cleaner fuel and solar photovoltaic supplies electrical energy. In rural households, biogas is useful as a fuel substitute for firewood, dung, agricultural residues, coal and the like. The construction of a conventional biogas plant requires time and skilled manpower. It also requires underground construction, which does not leave scope for shifting the plant once constructed / installed.
Herein is a combined effort to overcome these limitations by use of biogas and to widen the applications of biogas in rural set up while keeping in mind several challenges like lack of infrastructure, difficulties in transportation particularly to remote rural locations, operation and maintenance. The present biogas plant technology produces biogas by means of a fixed-flexible dome construction to ensure optimum biogas production in appropriate digester volume.
Some of the available biogas technologies are as cited below:

PRIOR ART:
1) Patent Application No: WO/2011/021207 titled "IMPROVED BIO
DEGRADABLE WASTE BASED BIO-METHANATION PLANT."
Abstract: A biogas producing apparatus comprising a gas holder drum, a digester and comprising at least one of the features selected from the group of: (a) the said gas holder drum having scum breakers which may be any structural feature attached on one end to the guide pipe and to the other end of the inner wall of the gas holder drum ,(b) the said gas holder having a central pipe (a guide pipe), (c) an inlet pipe that is integrated with the gas holder, (d) that may be attached to the central pipe, (e) a built in structural design feature of the said gas holder that provides scum breakers that break up the floating scum and stirs the fermenting input organic matter with the movement of the gas holder up and down, as well as controlled rotational movement, (f) providing draining of digested slurry through an arrangement of outlet pipe such that the pipe originates inside the digester tank near the upper end, (g) pipe is provided at its bottom with an emergency slurry drain, (h) providing an outlet water drain which connects to the water jacket, (i) providing a substrate drain for emptying the contents of the digester whenever required, (j) providing a water jacket to prevent the organic waste in digester from getting exposed to open atmosphere, preventing leakage of gas to atmosphere and for thermally insulating the digester.
Limitation: The invention claims a digester to overcome the problem of scum formation during biomethanation process by introduction of scum breakers in the gas holder and thereby streaming its scope of application. The present invention uses process that avoids such scum.
2) Patent Application No: WO/2007/130513, titled "ANAEROBIC DIGESTER
SYSTEM FOR ANIMAL WASTE STABILIZATION AND BIOGAS
RECOVERY."
Abstract: An ambient anaerobic digester system for anaerobic digestion of animal waste with biogas production and recovery is provided. The anaerobic digester system includes

a substantially flexible bladder for anaerobically digesting the animal waste with biogas production and transmitting the biogas to at least one biogas storage container, biogas use device or a combination thereof, a preferred form, the substantially flexible bladder has a waste inlet, a digester effluent outlet, one or more sludge access ports and a biogas outlet in a top surface thereof. The anaerobic digester system may inexpensively, simply, reliably, and effectively be used to treat animal waste without energy expenditure and little capital expense, thus minimizing pollution typically caused by animal waste.
Limitation: The invention claims a digester which is a flexible and open structure, thereby increasing the risk factor due to leakage of waste slurry and / or gas arising out of damage to the bladder. Moreover operating, managing and handling the digester is not user-friendly especially since it also increases the risk to the user since the digester without any external protective envelope is exposed to the environment.
3) Patent Application No: WO/2009/073902, titled "BIOMASS DIGESTER
SYSTEM & PROCESS."
Abstract: A biomass digester system for generating biogas includes a battery of flexible, elongate digesters, at least one common biogas accumulator, connection means for connecting the digesters in gaseous communication with the accumulator and valve means fitted to the connection means, for adjusting flow of the biogas through the connection means thereby to permit a digester to be disconnected from the accumulator and taken offline. Each digester may include a flexible bag adapted to withstand pressure of the order of two bars, an inlet for biomass and an outlet for biogas. Also provided is a process for producing biogas from biomass.
Limitations: The invention mentions plurality of digesters for biogas production, which makes the process intricate in terms of operating the digester and gas collection daily. The process of operation and maintenance is not user-friendly.
4) Patent No: 243023 titled "PORTABLE DOMESTIC BIO WASTE TREATMENT
BIO GAS PLANT."

Abstract: Portable domestic bio waste treatment bio gas plant comprises of a 'digester', a lower portion with feed and discharge facility for the degradable bio waste material, a gas collector being top portion having flow control means for regulating the flow of gas to be collected in a gas holder housed within it. The gas collector is movably placed over the digester and fixed in the middle of the digester with the help of guide frame. The gas holder is provided with gas flow control means to regulate the supply of gas flow for consumption. The digester is provided with an inlet pipe, for feeding the waste matter into the digester and an outlet pipe at the top for the digested slurry to come out. The gas collector is fixed in a center guide frame provided in the middle of the digester. The center guide frame is fixed in the middle of the digester with three lugs made of galvanized iron. The center guide frame is covered with fiber glass reinforced plastic to protect it from rust. The flow control means is the flow control valve to regulate the supply of gas which is stored in the gas collector.
Limitations: The invention described herein is portable domestic reactor. Whereas the present invention describes a portable, stackable, light weight, easy to assemble, domestic as well as commercial application biogas generating system.
Having described some of the available technical literature on biogas, there is further need for a novel anaerobic biodigester and a method for primary waste treatment to meet the energy needs preferably at small scale. There is still a further need for a bioreactor that is easy to transport, install, commission, which is also user friendly and can use available biomass as the renewable feed and can utilize renewable energy as source of energy.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION:
The present invention is directed towards a system for biomethanation using an eco-friendly, portable, stackable, easy to assemble bioreactor.

An object of the present invention is to eliminate the construction work, cost and time for installing the bioreactor as compared to the traditional biogas systems.
An object of the present invention is to maintain constant pressure and flow rate of biogas by applying dead weight over the gas storage flexible unit.
Another object of the present invention is to provide durable, modular, light-weight, anti-corrosive, user-friendly and an ultra violet stable reactor for biomethanation.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a bioreactor which is easy to transport since the components are stackable and can be transported in multiple numbers conveniently.
Yet another object of the present invention is to reduce or eliminate external moving parts involved for biomethanation in the bioreactor.
Further object of the present invention is to reduce the capital cost of small capacity biomethanation plants.
Still further object of the present invention is to mount photo-voltaic cells / modules as a renewable source of energy on the bioreactor to generate electricity.
Still further of the present invention is to generate energy in the form of biogas and electricity from a single system by incorporating solar modules with the bio-energy solution.
Yet further object of the present invention is to utilize biogas as cooking fuel, bio-manure as organic means for soil enrichment and solar electricity for charging lanterns as well as other portable electronic appliances as like but not restricted to mobile charger and laptop computing devices.

Yet further object of the present'invention is to produce by addition of colorants and /or pigments an evidently visible flame, which is otherwise colorless and undetectable in daylight.
Also an object of the present invention is an indicator arrangement to reflect available biogas volume inside the biogas holder.
Also an object of the present invention is to provide power needs for both domestic as well as commercial applications, by integration of multiple bioreactors in series.
BRIEF DESCRIPTIONS OF DRAWINGS;
The features and advantages of the present invention will be more apparent from the
following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in
which,
Figure 1 is the sectional view of the bioreactor for producing biogas.
10 - Bioreactor
20 - Reaction chamber of the bioreactor
30 - Biogas holder
40- Cap of biogas holder
50- Funnel for feeding into the bioreactor
60 - Inlet of the bioreactor
70 - Outlet of the bioreactor
80 - Baffle
90 - An aperture from the reaction chamber connected to the gas holder for gas
collection
100 - Photo-voltaic panels
110 - Compartment for hosting devices being charged
120- Deadweight
13 0 - A pressure relief valve

140 - An outlet for further utilization of biogas
150 - A supportive structure for the flexible membrane gas holder
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION:
The present invention describes a low cost, stackable, modular, durable, easy to transport and assemble biogas based home energy solution. The system mainly consists of an above ground portable bio digester (10) capable of producing two cubic meters of biogas, substantial for meeting the cooking needs for a family. Further, a solar photo voltaic system (100) can also be incorporated with the bio digester (10) for charging various applications such as solar lanterns, mobile phones, laptops and like applications. The bio digester (10) can handle and digest multiple feeds such as cow dung, kitchen waste and other biodegradable waste. The entire digestion process consumes very little water compared to traditional systems.
The system needs no / negligible construction work as compared to the traditional bio digesters. The system is friendly in nature wherein most of the material of construction is recyclable. The system is suitable to solve the problem of waste disposal / management in urban as well as rural areas, where the waste generated is dumped and / or composted thereby turning land into dumping ground, creating pollution and resulting into generation of rodents ultimately causing health hazards to individuals residing or passing by the site. In case of rural homes, the system could be adequate to address basic energy needs of typical small families. One can also increase output by integrating the bioreactors in series, depending on the requirement of waste management or energy. This could also address needs for urban establishments.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS:
The present invention is best understood by reference to the detailed figure and description set forth herein.

Embodiments of the invention are discussed below with reference to the Figure 1. However, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the detailed description given herein with respect to the figure is for explanatory purposes as the invention extends beyond these limited embodiments.
In a preferred embodiment, the system comprises producing biogas in a flexible bioreactor. The bioreactor comprises a reaction chamber (20), a gas storage unit/ assembly (30) and module of photo-voltaic cells (100). In the bioreactor (10), biomass is introduced, which is pre-processed to appropriate size and consistency and mixed with specific bacterial cultures / microbes. The biomass is digested by the addition of specially developed microbial population capable of producing required enzymes. The microbial consortium is specifically prepared for a particular feed as a target and is enriched from natural microbial mixtures such as cow-dung, sewage and the like, by a process of restricting its nutrition to the subject feed over a period of time. Once enriched, this consortium can be propagated and made available for deploying in the reactor. The feed is introduced into the bioreactor (10) via a funnel (50) which is in fluid communication with the bioreactor (10) by means of an inlet channel (60). The bioreactor (10) is preferably a high density polyethylene and/ or low density polyethylene and /or composite and / or metal and / or of any other non corrosive material and ultra violet radiation stabilized and resistant material. The process of manufacturing bioreactor (10) involves rotational molding using recyclable or virgin plastics and /or blow molding and/ or any other process including fabrication. The thickness, size and shape of the bioreactor, vary according to need and /or as required for the biomethanation process.
The volume of the bioreactor is preferably of about 2.5 cubic meters to about 4 cubic meters, but can be scaled up or down depending on the requirement of end user. The geometry of bioreactor is to ensure light weight self-supporting and stackable construction of the structure. An internal baffle (80) is provided inside the bioreactor (10) to ensure extended stay of the material inside the reaction chamber until complete degradation and stabilization of the reaction mixture and to define the inlet side (60) and outlet side (70) of the bioreactor (10). The height and thickness of the baffle can vary

according to the system specifications. The baffles can be fabricated and/ or rotationally molded or by any other suitable method of fabrication and / or construction. The baffle also provides optimum digestion and conversion of volatile biomass in to biogas by preventing early escape of material. The conversion into methane is brought about by degradation of the feed with the aid of the enriched microbial consortia, with or without heating (between temperature ranges of about 30 Degree Centigrade to about 40 Degree Centigrade or as may be required by the consortia of microbes), with or without occasional stirring, with pH in the range of about 6.5 to about 7.4. Biogas produced in the reaction chamber (20) of the bioreactor (10) is collected via a conduit (90) in the biogas storage unit (30) which is in communication with the head space of the reaction chamber (20) of the bio digester (10). The biogas generated is stored in a biogas storage unit (30), made of flexible membrane structure as like but not restricted to latex, neoprene, butyl rubber, poly vinyl coated polymers and any such polymer based composite materials. A protective cap (40) is placed on the flexible membrane biogas holder (30) to ensure safety of the membrane structure. The said cap holding the biogas collecting assembly is preferably made of but not restricted to linear low density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, mild steal, galvanized iron sheet, fiber reinforced plastic, glass reinforced plastic.
A pressure release valve (130) is provided preceding the gas outlet (140) to release the excess pressure produced by biogas in the reaction chamber of the bio reactor (20). The nature of pressure release valve (130) may be of dead weight type/ water column type/ spring loaded etc. A gas outlet (140) is provided to connect and carry biogas further for various applications. An outlet channel (70) is provided for discharging the digested material after biomethanation. The digested material can be further utilized as bio manure which is collected via the outlet channel (70) of the bioreactor (10). To maintain constant flow rate and pressure of biogas a dead weight (120) is placed externally on the cap of the flexible membrane biogas holder (40). The dead weight (120) can be varied according to the constant pressure requirement. The inlet channel (60) and the outlet channel (70) are on the opposite ends of the surface of the substantially flexible gas holder (30). A provision is made to mount the photo-voltaic panels (100) on the superficial portion of

the cap of the flexible membrane (40). The panels (100) are aligned on the ceiling of the bioreactor at optimum angles so as to capture maximum solar energy for further utilization. A compartment (110) is externally provided adjoining the cap of the biogas holder (40) to charge select devices via the photo-voltaic module (100). The photo voltaic panels (100) may be or may not be mounted onto the superficial portion of the cap of the flexible membrane (40). Most of the construction materials used and /or specified are completely recyclable and thereby making the bio digester ecofriendly in nature.
Biogas generated from the bio reactor (10) is collected in a gas collecting assembly (30) which further can be utilized for cooking purposes via biogas outlet (140) and the solar energy tapped by the panels (100) can be utilized for charging electronic portable devices as like mobile batteries, chargers, laptop computers, and solar lanterns. The bioreactor (10) described herein is capable of producing biogas sufficient to meet the cooking needs for a family of typically up to 7 members. The bioreactor (10) is basically designed and provides solution for small-scale biogas generation, though scaled up or down models are possible, on the basic design of this invention. The system also harness and utilize renewable energy for producing biogas and capturing solar energy.
It is understood that many modifications and variations may be devised given the above description of the principles of the invention. The digester vessel can be constructed in a wide range of sizes and using other structural materials. The digester could be completely made out of flexible material like polymer sheets or composite materials and can be further encapsulated in a more durable, robust casing or cage made from metallic or plastic materials. The biomass matrix can be formed with other structures and the bioreactor surface can be made of other suitable materials. The solar system may be or may not be installed depending upon the need to harness renewable energy. The process parameters can vary depending on the composition of the input biomass, the processing rate or volume desired, and/or quantum of output product desired.

ADVANTAGES OF THE PRESENT INVENTION:
The system presents a durable, modular, user-friendly, light-weight eco-friendly bioreactor for biomethanation to produce biogas.
The system eliminates the underground construction work and time required for constructing the bioreactor for traditional biogas system.
The solution generates energy in the form of biogas and electricity from a single system by incorporating bio-energy and solar thereby providing energy solution for cooking fuel as well as electrical appliances.
The system is easy to transport since the components are light weight, stackable and can be transported in multiple numbers overcoming the constraints of land availability or location/ place.
The system supplies constant pressure biogas by application of dead weight over the gas storage, thereby ensuring continuous biogas supply to the end user.
The system a better substitute for cooking fuel that produces smokeless, odorless and an evidently visible flame; it also provides excellent manure for agricultural use.

CLAIMS:
We claim:
1) A friendly domestic biomass or bio-waste treating and biogas generating system
comprising a bioreactor with:
i) A lower reaction chamber for generation of biogas ii) A flexible biogas holding assembly encapsulated by a cap, iii) An internal baffle which ensures retention of reaction mixture inside the bioreactor thereby ensuring complete degradation and stabilization of the reaction mixture, and producing more effective biogas.
iv) Photovoltaic cells or modules may or may not be mounted onto the superficial portion of the cap of the flexible membrane. A compartment is externally provided adjoining the cap of the biogas collecting assembly for charging electronic devices via the photo voltaic module.
2) A system as claimed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bioreactor is friendly made preferably of recyclable materials as like but not restricted to high density polyethylene or low density polyethylene or composite material or metal; the flexible biogas holding assembly preferably made of but not restricted to latex, neoprene, butyl rubber, poly vinyl coated polymers and any such polymer based composite material, the cap holding the biogas collecting assembly is preferably made of but not restricted to linear low density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, mild steal, galvanized iron sheet, fiber reinforced plastic, glass reinforced plastic.
3) A system as claimed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bioreactor can be knocked down in number of pieces / components, many of which are stackable in nature due to the geometry of design of the bioreactor.
4) A system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the delivery pressure of biogas is maintained consistent with the help of dead weight arrangement attached to the flexible gas holder.

5) A system as claimed in claim 1, wherein an external agent is added to the generated biogas to make the flame visible, even in daylight.
6) A system as claimed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bioreactor is portable, light weight and can be transported in multiple numbers, thereby the biogas generating assembly can be set up anywhere irrespective of location, land availability constraints. As also, the plant can serve as a power house for domestic as well as commercial applications/ purposes.
7) A system as claimed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bioreactor eliminates the underground construction work and time required for constructing the bioreactor as that required for constructing traditional biogas system.
8) A system as claimed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the systems harness and utilize anaerobic digestion technology for producing renewable fuel in the form of biogas generation and solar energy for charging batteries or operating electronic devices.
9) A system as claimed as claimed in claim 1, substantially as herein described and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.