TVSM Mechaincal Front ABS for two and three wheelersf11.1 doc
This invention relates to a mechanical anti-lock brake system for front wheel applications of motor vehicles, more particularly, two and three-wheeler motor vehicle applications.
This invention further relates to anti-lock brake system for front wheel applications of vehicles using the method of releasing any excessive brake input-force.
The brake system, as used in all kind of vehicles consists of an actuator, transmission system and friction-pads/liners.
The driver intends to stop the vehicle at as short a distance as possible, safely, under emergency/dangerous situations in traffic. However, it will be difficult for drivers with different skill levels to do so under emergency and panic situations.
During emergency, the panic brake control by normal drivers can normally lead to wheel skidding thereby resulting in loss of braking and direction control. This is one of the major potential causes for road accidents.
Furthermore in two-wheelers, wheel skidding is one of the major causes responsible for extending the problem to vehicle lateral imbalance. This lateral imbalance of the fi-ont wheel, which leads to falling of the vehicle in case of single-track vehicles, leads to fatal accidents. Hence the conventional brake system does not fully ensure the road safety particularly on two-wheelers under panic situations for all kinds of drivers irrespective of their skill levels.

TVSM Mechaincal Front ABS for two and three wheelersf1].1 doc
Conventional anti-lock brake systems have been however available in the form of electronic control, but they are not widely usable for all two-wheelers and other vehicles because of their expense, power consumption and / or bigger size / heavier weight.
In this perspective, it is an object of the present invention to provide a mechanical anti-lock brake system for the front wheel applications of road vehicles as more effective and particularly in two and three wheelers by releasing any excessive brake input force applied to this anti-lock brake system. It should comprise fewer parts, simple in construction, lower cost, free from both power supply and pulsation in the brake pedal, no brake pedal noise and free from environmental factors.
Another objective of the invention is to propose mechanical anti-lock brake system, which has better reliability, is easier for both maintenance and serviceability.
Further objective of the invention is to propose mechanical anti-lock brake system more particularly for the front wheel applications of road vehicles, which are more effective and more braking efficiencies than the rear wheels in case of independent brake controls used in two and three wheeled vehicles.
The mechanical anti-lock brake system, according to this invention, comprises a transmission member in any rigid form whose input and output ends are operatively linked to the brake input actuator and the brake system respectively, through transmission systems in the form of links, such that the said transmission member transmits the brake input force from the brake control actuator to the front brake system with

TVSM Mechaincal Front ABS for two and three wheelersni.l doc
a constant force-transmission ratio until wheel skidding; a movable hinge-support, on which the said transmission member is pivoted and which is integral with the un-sprung part of the front suspension system; a rigid body, which is connected to the front wheel supports and movably connected to the un-sprung part of front suspension and on which the said movable hinge-support is abutting until any inception of wheel skidding on the corresponding front wheel and a mechanical stopper, which is provided and rigidly connected to the said rigid body such that it has to prevent any part of the transmission system connecting or before connecting to the transmission lever beyond its predetermined travel due to the imbalance of the brake input and response of front wheel reaction thereby the force transmitted to the brake system is instantaneously limited with threshold values corresponding to the wheel skidding of the front wheels.
As an option, the movable action between the movable pivot-support and the said rigid body is provided with a sliding motion.
As a further option, the sliding motion provided between the movable pivot-support and the said rigid member is parallel to the front suspension tubular member
As a still further option, there is provided with an anti-friction means in the movable joints between the said rigid body and the said un¬sprung part of front suspension that is integrated to the said movable pivot-support such that the response and sensitivity of the control of the said movable pivot-support with the said mechanical stopper is improved through a easy and smooth movement of the said movable pivot-support

TVSM Mechaincal Front ABS for two and three wheelersf1].1 doc
under any excess brake input force beyond the inception of the front wheel skidding.
As an further option, the bottom portion of the said rigid body is provided with a recess that is parallel to the front wheel rotational plane and through which the said transmission member is communicated to the un-sprung part of the front suspension system for pivoting without any interruption for its actuation.
As further option, the said rigid body is being constituted by a plurality of its parts, which are connected together in order to facilitate an ease of assembly.
These parts of the said rigid body are further detachable for assembly as well as dismantling purposes during service or maintenance.
As still further option, the said rigid body consists of three parts, top, middle and bottom parts which are fastened to each other, the un¬sprung part of front suspension system abutting on the middle part by its normal reaction of the front wheel; the bottom part being provided with a recess that is parallel to the front wheel rotational plane and through which the said transmission lever is communicated to the un-sprung part of the front suspension system for pivoting without any interruption for its actuation;
Further, the mechanical anti-lock brake system comprises a spring or its plurality cormected between the un-sprung part of the front suspension and the top part of the rigid body, which is connected to the

TVSM Mechaincal Front ABS for two and three wheelers[n.1 doc
front wheel axle so that it enables the zero offset between the brake input Sand reaction of the pivot-support of transmission lever;
Also, a secondary spring or its plurality is provided and connected between the un-sprung part of front suspension system and the top part of the rigid body in such a way that this secondary spring holds this rigid body in turn the front wheel against the gravity whenever the front wheel is floating whereby the self-application of the front braking can be eliminated;
As an option, the mechanical front portion of the system has lever pivoted to the un-sprung part of the front suspension and connected with both its free ends to the top part of the lever through the pair of the secondary springs so that the parallel and non-collinear lines of action of forces of the secondary springs are balanced by each other as it is necessary to provide the offset between the spring and the line of action of force acting on the un-sprung part of front suspension by the pivot of the lever.
There is another option, that is the secondary lever is provided in such a way that the brake input from the transmission system connected to the brake control actuator is necessarily amplified in its output force that is applied to the first transmission lever through a rigid link in order to balance the response of both brake input force and force of front suspension with the response of the brake system output force.
There is a third option that the lever connected with the pair of secondary springs is provided with a lateral offset between its extreme free ends such that there is enough clearance between the secondary

TVSM Mechaincal Front ABS for two and three wheelersf1].1 doc
spring at the brake system lever side with the lever with or without its secondary lever and mounting arrangements.
Furthermore there is an option that the three parts, top, middle and bottom parts of the lever are detachable for assembly as well as dismantling purposes during service or maintenance.
During braking by the brake input applied on the brake actuator, the brake input is transmitted into the transmission lever from the first transmission system connected between the brake input actuator and brake system to another transmission system connected between the brake system and the foundation brake system. This lever does the force transmission with a constant ratio until wheel skidding. As the force is transmitted into the foundation brake system by this lever, the front wheel reaction increases due to the effect of the weight transfer by the vehicle response (longitudinal deceleration). By the effect of the increase in front wheel reaction, the reaction of the pivot support on the movable hinge-support increases proportionally with respect to the brake input applied on the brake control actuator. Hence, this arrangement of the lever, movable hinge-support and lever is enabled to transmit the brake input force applied on the control actuator into the brake system through this lever with a constant force-transmission ratio by the balance of the brake input and vehicle response on the movable hinge-support.
When the brake input exceeds over its limit corresponding to the wheel skidding, then there is no further response on the pivot reaction of the movable hinge-support through the vehicle response. Then the resultant force of the brake input and its output reactive force acting upon

TVSM Mechaincal Front ABS for two and three wheelersfll.1 doc
the transmission lever becomes unbalanced with the limited reaction-response of movable hinge-support by an excess brake input force applied upon the actuator after wheel skidding. This unbalanced force acting upon the movable hinge-support moves this movable hinge-support along with this ABS transmission lever about the input point of the transmission lever. Beyond a predetermined travel of this lever along with this movable hinge-support, this mechanical stopper prevents the part of the transmission system connected between the input point of this lever and the brake input actuator at any point that is either an input point connecting with this lever or any other point before this input-point. Thus this excess brake input applied on the brake input actuator after wheel skidding is balanced by the reaction of this mechanical stopper acting upon the transmission system connecting the brake input actuator and this lever. The output force transmitted to the brake system is regulated up to its limit corresponding to the wheel skidding.
Further objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in that art to which the invention relates from the following description of the preferred embodiments described with respect to the following drawings.
Figure 1 is sectional side view of a preferred embodiment of an anti-lock brake system having the primary and secondary transmission levers for the fi-ont brake applications of a two-wheeler that is preferably having its tubular fork type suspension;

TVSM Mechaincal Front ABS for two and three wheelersfn.1 doc
Figure 2 is a pictorial view of the mechanical front anti-lock brake system as shown in Figure 1;
The transmission lever 1 is pivoted to the movable hinge-support 2 at a point 6. This lever 1 is connected at both its input and output points 1-B and 1-C with an input link (inner brake cable 3 and 3-A) through a secondary transmission lever 1-A and with an output link (another rod) respectively. The other end of this brake cable 3 is connected to the brake input actuator (brake control hand lever) and the output link is connected to the brake cam lever of foundation brake system.
The lever 1 is pivoted at its free end 6 with the movable hinge-support 2 and this lever 1 is of third order lever type. This movable hinge-support 2 is integrated with a sleeve 2-A that is as an un-sprung part of the front suspension system. This sleeve 2-A is rigidly attached to the un-sprung part of the front suspension system.
The bottom part 10 of the rigid body is connected to the front wheel axle in order to make this bottom part 10 of the rigid body as an un¬sprung system. The middle part 10-A of the rigid-body is connected to the sleeve 2-A thorough a linear anti-friction bearing 10-C so that the relative linear movement of the middle part 10-A of the rigid body with respect to the sleeve 2-A is enabled to be smooth and frictionless. This linear bearing 10-C that is rigidly mounted to the middle part 10-A of the rigid body, is preferably of the rolling element type and enabled to be sliding over the sleeve. The bottom end of the middle part 10-A of the rigid body is provided with an integral annular portion and on internally top surface of which the sleeve 2-A is abutting by means of gravity. Also

TVSM Mechaincal Front ABS for two and three wheelersf1].1 doc
this sleeve 2-A is movable along the linear bearing 10-C and away from the abutting surface of the middle part 10-A of the rigid body. The top end of the middle part 10-A of the rigid body is detachably attached to the top part 10-B of the rigid body, which is supported by the sleeve 2-A through the spring 10-D connected between these top part 10-B and sleeve 2-A. Thus the arrangement of this spring 10-D enables to prevent the downward movement of the rigid-body (10-B, 10-A and 10) in turn the front wheel axle due to gravity whenever the front wheel is floating. This will prevent any possibility of the self-locking of the front wheel brake by itself without any brake input due to the gravity.
A rigid link 11 -A is pivoted at its middle point with the movable pivot-support 2 at the common pivot point 6. Both free ends of this rigid link 11-A is connected to the rigid body preferably its top part 10-B through a pair of secondary springs 11 with a preload in order to balance the normal reaction of the front wheel as long as there is no rider input at the front wheel brake. Further this pair of springs 11 at each end of this rigid link 11-A is to balance its force by each other without any interruption with the sleeve, where the spring forces are applied upon the sleeve 2-A.
To avoid any interruption and ensure enough working clearance for the actuation of the rigid-link 11-A as well as the transmission lever 1 during its normal function, there is provided a recess that is longitudinally passing through the bottom part 10 and parallel to the front wheel rotational plane. Through this longitudinal recess of the bottom part 10 of the rigid body, both the transmission lever 1 and the rigid link 11-A are communicated to the movable hinge-support 2 for its

TVSM Mechaincal Front ABS for two and three wheelersfn.1 doc
connection at the pivot 6, which is almost fully enclosed by the bottom part 10 of the rigid body.
A carrier is rigidly attached to the bottom part 10 of the rigid body so that it carries the abutment on which the outer cable of front brake control cable is abutted normally.
The mechanical stopper 12, which is provided, is rigidly connected to this carrier attached to the bottom part 10 of the rigid body such that will prevent any movement of the secondary lever 1-A after its predetermined travel. Thus any excess brake input force applied upon the front brake control actuator is prevented by this mechanical stopper 12 by means of its reaction acting upon the secondary lever 1 -A through the input point or along the axis of the input link 3 or 3-A. Thus it enables to regulate the output force from this into the front foundation brake system with a value corresponding to front wheel skidding.
The secondary lever 1-A is also pivoted on the carrier, on which this mechanical stopper 12 is attached. This secondary lever 1-A is of the second order lever type.
For avoiding any interruption between the secondary spring 11 kept at the ABS lever side 1 with the arrangements of lever 1 and secondary lever 1-A, there is provided a lateral offset between this secondary spring 11 and the arrangements of this lever 1 and secondary lever 1-A for having enough clearance therebetween.

TVSM Mechaincal Front ABS for two and three wheelersfn.1 doc
The terms and expressions herein are of description and not of limitation since various other embodiments of this invention are possible without departing from the scope and ambit of this invention.

1. A mechanical anti-lock brake system for front wheel applications of motor vehicles, more particularly, two and three-wheeler motor vehicle applications, comprises a transmission member in any rigid form whose input and output ends are operatively linked to the brake input actuator and the brake system respectively, through transmission systems in the form of links, such that the said transmission member transmits the brake input force from the brake control actuator to the front brake system with a constant force-transmission ratio until wheel skidding; a movable hinge-support, on which the said transmission member is pivoted and which is integral with the un-sprung part of the front suspension system; a rigid body, which is connected to the front wheel supports and movably connected to the un-sprung part of front suspension and on which the said movable hinge-support is abutting until any inception of wheel skidding on the corresponding front wheel and a mechanical stopper, which is provided and rigidly connected to the said rigid body such that it has to prevent any part of the transmission system connecting or before connecting to the transmission lever beyond its predetermined travel due to the imbalance of the brake input and response of front wheel reaction thereby the force transmitted to the brake system is instantaneously limited with threshold values corresponding to the wheel skidding of the front wheels.

TVSM Mechaincal Front ABS for two and three wheelersflM doc
2. A mechanical anti-lock brake system as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the movable action between the movable pivot-support and the said rigid body is provided with a sliding motion.
3. A mechanical anti-lock brake system as claimed in Claim 2, wherein the sliding motion provided between the movable pivot-support and the said rigid member is parallel to the front suspension tubular member
4. A mechanical anti-lock brake system as claimed in Claims 1 and 2, wherein there is provided with an anti-friction means in the movable joints between the said rigid body and the said un-sprung part of front suspension that is integrated to the said movable pivot-support such that the response and sensitivity of the control of the said movable pivot-support with the said mechanical stopper is improved through a easy and smooth movement of the said movable pivot-support under any excess brake input force beyond the inception of the front wheel skidding.
5. A mechanical anti-lock brake system as claimed in Claims 1 to 4, wherein the bottom portion of the said rigid body is provided with a recess that is parallel to the front wheel rotational plane and through which the said transmission member is communicated to the un-sprung part of the front suspension system for pivoting without any interruption for its actuation.
6. A mechanical anti-lock brake system as claimed in Claims 1 to 5, wherein the said rigid body is being constituted by a plurality of its

TVSM Mechaincal Front ABS for two and three wheelersf11.1 doc
parts, which are connected together in order to facilitate an ease of assembly.
7. A mechanical anti-lock brake system as claimed in Claim 6, wherein these parts of the said rigid body are further detachable for assembly as well as dismantling purposes during service or maintenance.
8. A mechanical anti-lock brake system as claimed in Claims 1 to 7, wherein the said rigid body consists of three parts, top, middle and bottom parts which are fastened to each other, the un-sprung part of front suspension system abutting on the middle part by its normal reaction of the front wheel; the bottom part being provided with a recess that is parallel to the front wheel rotational plane and through which the said transmission lever is communicated to the un-sprung part of the front suspension system for pivoting without any interruption for its actuation;
9. A mechanical anti-lock brake system as claimed in Claims 1 to 8, wherein the mechanical anti-lock brake system comprises a spring or its plurality connected between the un-sprung part of the front suspension and the top part of the rigid body, which is connected to the front wheel axle so that it enables the zero offset between the brake input and reaction of the pivot-support of transmission lever;
10. A mechanical anti-lock brake system as claimed in Claims 1 to 8, wherein a secondary spring or its plurality is provided and connected between the un-sprung part of front suspension system and the top part of the rigid body in such a way that this secondary

TVSM Mechaincal Front ABS for two and three wheelersf1].1 doc
Spring holds this rigid body in turn the front wheel against the gravity whenever the front wheel is floating whereby the self-application of the front braking can be eliminated;
11. A mechanical anti-lock bijake system as claimed in Claims 1 to 10, wherein the mechanical j front portion of the system has lever pivoted to the un-sprung ^art of the front suspension and connected with both its free ends tq the top part of the lever through the pair of the secondary springs so that the parallel and non-collinear lines of action of forces of the secondary springs are balanced by each other as it is necessary to provide the offset between the spring and the line of action of force acting on the un-sprung part of front suspension by the pivot of the lever.
12. A mechanical anti-lock brake system as claimed in Claims 1 to 11, wherein that is the secondary lever is provided in such a wa^^' that the brake input from the transmission system connected to the' brake control actuator is necessarily amplified in its output force that is applied to the first transmission lever through a rigid link in order to balance the response of both brake input force and force of front suspension with the response of the brake system output force.
13. A mechanical anti-lock brake system as claimed in Claims 10 to 12, wherein that the lever connected with the pair of secondary springs is provided with a lateral offset between its extreme free ends such that there is enough clearance between the secondary

TVSM Mechaincal Front ABS for two and three wheelersf11.1 doc
Spring at the brake system lever side with the lever with or without its secondary lever and mounting arrangements.
14. A mechanical anti-lock brake system as claimed in Claims 1 to 13,
wherein there is an option that the three parts, top, middle and
bottom parts of the lever are detachable for assembly as well as
dismantling purposes during service or maintenance.
15. A mechanical anti-lock brake system for front wheel applications
of motor vehicles, more particularly, two and three-wheeler motor
vehicle applications, substantially as herein described and
illustrated.