FORM -2
THE PATENTS ACT, 1970
(39 OF 1970)
&
The Patents Rules, 2003
PROVISIONAL/COMPLETE
SPECIFICATION (See section 10 and rule 13)
1. Title of the Invention : A METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING INTROJECTED
BACKFILLS
2. Applicant(s) Name, Nationality & Address :


D. R. PHATAK, an Indian citizen
of "SHREEYASH", Lokesh Housing Society,
Bibwewadi, Pune 411 037, India
3. Preamble to the description :
COMPLETE : The following specification particulariy describes the invention and the manner in which is to be performed.


FIELD OF INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method of constructing introjected backfills. More particularly, it relates to a method of constructing backfills in steps with introduction of introjection on top of everystep.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Backfills are semiliquid or semisolid or plastic or granular substances such as soils, earth masses, rock ash, rockfiils, flyash, coal-dust, dry waste, conglomerates of aggregates etc. In civil engineering, an engineer is required to deal with these backfills frequently. In construction of engineering structures such as earth dams, concrete dams, rockfill dams, roads passing through hilly region, canals, aqueducts, underground railway stations, bridge approaches, balancing tanks, wing walls, bridge abutments, approach and tail channels etc. one is constantly required to deal with backfills from engineering point of view.
One of the most important characteristics of these backfills is the shearing strength these possess and because of which it is possible to have their stacking acquire verticality or a suitable angle of inclination. For example Fig.1 shows the backfill stacked in vertical or inclined manner. Such a stacking is impossible with

liquids such as water which will simply spread horizontally. However there is a limit to the stacking of backfill in such a manner. For example the stacking of backfill in a vertical posture or inclined posture is limited by the height of the backfill, which could be determined by the laws of mechanics.
Any stacking excessive of this height will lead to engineering collapse. This height is a function of backfill properties and the height could be fairly predicted on the basis of principles of stability.
In civil engineering construction one is constantly dealing with the backfill which is required to be stacked at larger heights for which we require retaining wall which is essentially a support mechanism for backfills. This support mechanism is designed to withstand the lateral pressure exerted by the backfill so that the backfill along with this mechanism is sound and stable from engineering point of view and thus the artifact can serve the humanity.
As of this point of time, the support mechanism or retaining wall could be (1) Gravity wall (2) Reinforced concrete cantilever retaining wall (3) Counterfort retaining wall (4) Buttress wall (5) Gabion wall (6) Segmented wall (7) Reinforced earth wall (8) Graviloft wall (9) Proped bracket retaining wall. The retaining walls (1) to (8) are mentioned in the standard text books. The wall (8) is the subject matter of the patent by the very applicant under patent no.

210506 application no. 482/MUM/2004 date of filing 23.04.2004. The wall (9) is the subject matter of the application filed by me under No. 2410/MUM/2008 dated 14.11.2008. The artifact (8) and (9) invented by me essentially modifies the geometry and the structural prospective of retaining wall to make it cost effective.
The inventor has now deliberated on this problem and has come up with the scheme/invention so that the lateraf pressure exerted by the backfill should be inherently reduced and even traditional support mechanism such as Gravity wall, Reinforced concrete cantilever retaining walls. Counterfort retaining wails, Buttress walls, Grabion walls, Segmented walls, Reinforced earth walls, etc. could also be made cost-effective. The answer as to which support solution will be cost-effective will be site specific, but with this invention the engineer will have a wide choice and a very proper cost-effective support mechanism can be selected.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
It is therefore an object of the invention to propose a method of constructing introjected backfills which is capable of reducing inherently the lateral pressure exerted by the backfills.


Another object of the invention is to propose a method of constructing introjected backfills which is cost effective.
A still another object of the invention is to propose a method of constructing introjected backfills which is stable as a whole or as a part.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS
Fig.1 - it shows backfill stacking in vertical or inclined manner
Fig.2 - it shows the backfill with introjections and support mechanism
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERREP EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
The method of "Introjected Backfills" is now described with reference to Fig (2). The first step is to construct the support mechanism ABCD. The support mechanism ABCD could be Gravity wall, Reinforced concrete centilever retaining wall, Counterfort retaining wall, Buttress wall, Gabion wall, Segmental wall, Reinforced earth wall or any such traditional support mechanism. The height of this step 'h' as a fraction of total height "H" of the backfill is to be decided on the ease of construction procedure and specific site consideration. Now the backfill is stacked/deposited on the back of the support rnechanism and densified in


quantums, manually or with machines as per engineering norms and codal provisions so that the backfill achieves the level BB1. The support mechanism ABCD as a part is subjected to lateral pressure exerted by the backfill BB1C1C computed as per traditional theories. Now the introjection EE1B1B2 is constructed on the top of the backfill recently stacked. The introjection is completely independent of the support system. The introjection could be of concrete, reinforced concrete/bituminous concrete/tar depositions ferroconcrete/plastic sheet/steel sheet/aluminium sheet or any such solid material having its structural rigidity reasonably more than the backfill BB1C1C as determined by classical theories of mechanics. The introjection has protrusions (P) for bond with backfill. The introjection EE1B1B2 could be constructed on site or it could be pre¬fabricated in the factory and then laid on the backfill. The length EE1 and the thickness E1B1 are to be decided by strength consideration for it's rigidity and for it's capacity to make the backfill BB1C1C act independently of the total backfill. The support mechanism is now extended from ABCD to FGBA. The support mechanism FGBA and ABCD could be cast in place or prefabricated as mentioned in the state of art. The heights of support mechanisms ABCD and FGBA respectively 'h' and 'h1' and the geometry of these steps are to be determined as per state of art existent so that the support mechanism so far erected for height (h+h1) is stable and sound. Now the backfill is deposited at the back of the wall and computed manually or with machines as per national codal standards so that the total backfill stacking is (h+h1) and achieves the level GG1. Next the


introjection II1G1G2 which is independent of support mechanism is made following the same procedure as was executed for EE1B1B2. Now the backfill KLI1I is stacked in proper layers after constructing support mechanism JKGF to a height h2 and densified manually or by use of machines as per codal norms to achieve the level KL. The provision of introjection II1G1G2 renders the backfill KLI3I act as a single separate unit and thus exerts lateral pressure corresponding to the height "h2" decided by the principles of mechanics. This support system for the backfill will be subjected to much less lateral pressure than the support system designed for backfill without introjections.
This procedure of laying/constructing support mechanism and introjections is repeated so that complete support system JKCD is ready for complete backfill height "H" along with necessary introjections. The heights "h" "h1" "h2" etc of the support mechanism and the number of introjections are to be so regulated so that the total support system is stable as a whole and as a part and is cost effective.
As a second route the support system 'JKGBCD' can be constructed first and then the back of this support system could be stacked with introjected backfill. The procedure of stacking and providing introjections remaining the same as described. Such an introjected backfill will exert less lateral pressure on the


support system and as such this support system with introjected backfill will be cost effective than the conventional support system.
The inventor has presented a backfill which is laid behind traditional support system, being suitably penetrated by one or more introjections of predetermined length and thickness having sufficient rigidity in excess of the backfill and free to act independently of the support system such that the backfill sandwiched between successive introjections are constrained to act independently of each other so that the complete support mechanism for the introjected backfill is subjected to lessened lateral pressure and is stable as a whole and as a part and satisfies engineering norms and national standards achieving economy in aspects of material and period of construction.


WE CLAIM
1. A method of constructing introjected backfills characterizing the steps of; constructing a support mechanism ABCD to a height for example 'h'; stacking or depositing backfill on the back of the support mechanism ABCD;
densifying the deposited backfill behind the support mechanism ABCD to a level for example BB1;
constructing introjection EE1B1B2 on the top of backfill stacked to a level BB1;
constructing a support mechanism FGBA as an extension of ABCD to a height for example h1;
stacking or depositing backfill on the back of the support mechanism FGBA and on top of introjection EE1B1B2;
densifying the deposited backfill behind the support mechanism FGBA to a level for example GG1;
constructing introjection II1G1G2 on the top of backfill stacked to a level GG1;
constructing a support mechanism JKGF as an extension of FGBA to a height for example h2;
stacking or depositing backfill on the back of the support mechanism JKGF and on top of introjection II1G1G2;


densifying the deposited backfill behind the support mechanism JKGF to a level for example KL so that complete support system JKCD is constructed for a complete backfill height H with required numbers of introjections.
2. A method of constructing introjected backfills as claimed in claim 1, wherein the support mechanism ABCD is either a gravity wall or reinforced concrete cantilever retaining wall or counterfort retaining wall or buttress wall or gabion wall or segmental wall or reinforced earth wall.
3. A method of constructing introjected backfills as claimed in claim 1, wherein the introjections EE1B1B2 and II1G1G2 are either made of concrete or reinforced concrete or bituminous concrete or tar depositions ferrocrete or plastic sheet or steel sheet or aluminium sheet.
4. A method of constructing introjected backfills as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bonding of the backfills with introjections are achieved through protrusions (P) of the introjections.
5. A method of constructing introjected backfills as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lengths EE1, II1 and thicknesses E1B1 and l1G1 of introjections are predetermined.


6. A method of constructing introjected backfills as claimed in claim 1, wherein the support mechanisms are either casted or fabricated.
7. A method of constructing introjected backfills as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heights of support mechanism (h,h1,h2) are predetermined.
8. A method of constructing introjected backfills as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of introjections (EE1B2B1,II1G1G2) are predetermined.
Dated this 2nd day of April 2009.

OF L.S.DAVAR & CO. APPLICANTS' AGENT