This invention relates to Photodegradation efficiency of Syzygium cumini leaves extract based SnO2 and TiO2 decorated reduced graphene oxide (SnO2-TiO2-RGO).
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
KR20130022960A discloses a manufacturing method of a photocatalyst-graphene-carbon nanofiber complex body shows high photo catalysis vitality not only in the ultraviolet range but also in the visible light range as the photocatalyst-graphene-carbon nanofiber complex body can absorb light in the visible light range. In a manufacturing method of a photocatalyst-graphene-carbon nanofiber complex body, the photocatalyst-graphene-carbon nanofiber complex body has high photo catalysis vitality in the visible light range with a degree similar to the catalysis vitality of the ultraviolet range by including graphene. A photo catalyst which is included in the photocatalyst-graphene-carbon nanofiber complex body has crystals with the size of 20-50 nm uniformly dispersed on the surface of the complex body, through the interaction with the graphene. The photo catalyst is one compound selected from a group consisting of ZnO, WO3, SnO2, ZrO2, and TiO2.
Research Gap: In our method, we used reduced graphene oxide, and biologically inspired SnO2 and TiO2 nanoparticles in the synthesis of photo-catalyst. Synthetic method is cost-effective and efficient.
Synthesised SnO2-TiO2-RGO is utilized in the degradation of malachite green dye.
KR20200034466A discloses a graphene quantum dots (GQDs)-semiconducting oxide-carbon nanofiber composite photocatalyst pad manufacturing method which includes GQDs-semiconducting oxide-carbon nanofiber. The present invention manufactures a flexible pad by including: an oxidation step of performing oxidation by primarily heating a pan; a GQDs and titanium dioxide (TiO2) attachment step of attaching GQDs and TiO2; and a flexibility heat treatment step of performing secondary heating. The present invention is produced in a pad form and has a remarkable effect of being used in various industrial sites and everyday life such as decomposition of bacteria such as antibacterial, sterilization, and deodorization under outdoor sunlight and indoor fluorescent lamps, decomposition of non-degradable chemicals, antibacterial tiles, air purifiers, lighting equipment, water and sewage treatment, water treatment such as ballast water treatment, carbon dioxide conversion, etc.
Research Gap: Reduced graphene oxide is used instead of quantum dots. Biologically synthesized TiO2 and SnO2 nanoparticles are used in the synthesis of photo-catalyst.
CN108993439A discloses the preparation method of polyurethane/cationic base acid magnetic adsorbent disclosed by the invention is the composite nanoparticle that the silica packet ferroso-ferric oxide of core-shell structure is first prepared using existing coprecipitation and Hydrolyze method, then the compound with polyurethane/cationic base acid groups is hydrolyzed with hydrobromic acid/acetic acid solution react, dialysing is freeze-dried to obtain polyaminoacid solid powder, composite nanoparticle, polyaminoacid solid powder, dimethylacrylate and initiator are reacted again thereafter, separated, washes drying to obtain polyurethane/cationic base acid magnetic adsorbent.The method of the present invention is simple, mild condition, controllability is strong, it is easily operated, prepared adsorbent not only has good structural stability, will not be influenced by factors such as temperature and ion concentrations, and adsorption efficiency is high, and polyaminoacid macromolecular therein is biodegradable, to reduce the secondary pollution caused by water body.
Research Gap: Synthetic method is eco-friendly and efficient, Nanocomposite based catalysts is used in the treatment of malachite green containing water.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Introduction of harmful dyes into water system causes many serious problems in all living organisms. These hazardous dyes also damage aquatic eco-system. Malachite green dissolves easily in water. Malachite green is one of hazardous organic pollutant; this dye contaminant causes cancer, mutations, pulmonary toxicity, chromosomal disturbances and other many deseases in human. Multi-organ tissue damage is one of the histopathological outcomes of malachite green. In this work, we used Syzygium cumini leaves extract based SnO2 and TiO2 nanoparticles in the designing of SnO2-TiO2-RGO based efficient photo-catalyst. The extract is prepared using the leaves extract of Syzygium cumini and utilized in the synthesis of SnO2 and TiO2 nanoparticles. Furthermore, these nanoparticles are incorporated in reduced graphene oxide.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Discloses herein a method of synthesis of Syzygium cumini leaves extract based SnO2 and TiO2 decorated reduced graphene oxide (SnO2-TiO2-RGO) comprising the steps of: Mixing (SnO2 + TiO2 nanoparticles) reduced graphene oxide in 5:1 ratio and shake for 25 min at room temperature; Sonicating the mixture for 2 hrs and then dried in hot air oven; so as to obtained SnO2-TiO2-RGO.
Further the synthesis of SnO2 nanoparticles comprising the steps of: Shaking 100 ml of 0.1 M tin (II) chloride for 1 h; Mixing leaves extract (2.5 % ethanolic) in this solution and shake for 45 min; Adding few drops of 0.1 M NaOH in this content and a precipitate come out; Stirring the precipitate contains mixture for 35 min and then the precipitate (SnO2 nanoparticles) is separated using centrifugation machine; Washing the precipitate with double distilled water (5% ethanolic) and then completely dried and calcined (at 2000C for 5 hours).
Further the synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles comprising the steps of; mixing 5 ml of titanium isopropoxide into 100 ml of double distilled water and shake for 35 minutes; Adding 10 ml of extract (5% ethanolic in this mixture and shake for next 35 minutes; Adding dropwise 0.1 M NaOH in this mixture and against shake for 40 minutes; Separating the precipitate (TiO2 nanoparticles, washed and dried; calcined at 2000C for 4 hour so as to obtained TiO2 nanoparticles.
1. Preparation of Syzygium cumini leaves extract:

2. Biological synthesis of SnO2 nanoparticles:

3. Biological synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles:

4. Designing of SnO2-TiO2-RGO:

5. Photo-catalytic activity of SnO2-TiO2-RGO:
Photocatalytic activity is done out employing various parameters such as time, dosage, concentration, pH, and temperature under ultraviolet radiation (mercury vapour lamp). A sufficient amount of SnO2-TiO2-RGO is mixed with 100 mL of dye-containing solution and shaken under ultraviolet light. When the reactions are complete, the dye concentration is determined using a UV-Visible spectrophotometer. The photocatalytic work is summarised as follows:

Novel Features of the Invention
? Environmentally friendly and efficient method.
? Simple operative synthetic technique.
? Applicable in large scale operations.
? Optimization of reaction parameters.

We Claim:

1. A method of synthesis of Syzygium cumini leaves extract based SnO2 and TiO2 decorated reduced graphene oxide (SnO2-TiO2-RGO) comprising the steps of: Mixing (SnO2 + TiO2 nanoparticles) reduced graphene oxide in 5:1 ratio and shake for 25 min at room temperature; Sonicating the mixture for 2 hrs and then dried in hot air oven; so as to obtained SnO2-TiO2-RGO.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein synthesis of SnO2 nanoparticles comprising the steps of: Shaking 100 ml of 0.1 M tin (II) chloride for 1 h; Mixing leaves extract (2.5 % ethanolic) in this solution and shake for 45 min; Adding few drops of 0.1 M NaOH in this content and a precipitate come out; Stirring the precipitate contains mixture for 35 min and then the precipitate (SnO2 nanoparticles) is separated using centrifugation machine; Washing the precipitate with double distilled water (5% ethanolic) and then completely dried and calcined (at 2000C for 5 hours).
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles comprising the steps of; mixing 5 ml of titanium isopropoxide into 100 ml of double distilled water and shake for 35 minutes; Adding 10 ml of extract (5% ethanolic in this mixture and shake for next 35 minutes; Adding dropwise 0.1 M NaOH in this mixture and against shake for 40 minutes; Separating the precipitate (TiO2 nanoparticles, washed and dried; calcined at 2000C for 4 hour so as to obtained TiO2 nanoparticles.