TECHNICAL FIELD
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a writing system. More particularly, the embodiments relate to a method and a device for transcribing a word or text written in one writing system into another writing system.
BACKGROUND
Transliteration is a mapping from one system of writing into another, word by word, or ideally letter by letter. Transliteration attempts to use a one-to-one correspondence and be exact, so that an informed reader should be able to reconstruct the original spelling of unknown transliterated words. To achieve this objective, transliteration may define complex conventions for dealing with letters in a source script which do not correspond with letters in a target script.
Now a days, mobile handsets are supported with more than 2 languages supported. Embossing all supported language characters on the key pad is highly impossible. For example, Mobile users familiar to the English key pad are using the same to get the phonetics of other languages. So it is easy to use the same English keypad instead of learning a new key pad for other languages.
The existing transliteration systems work based on either prediction technique or dictionary technique for transliteration. In both the approaches user has to enter at least two or more characters before the characters gets transliterated. Once the predetermined number of characters is entered, the system displays the transliterated word either by predicting entire word looking at the surrounding context or by picking up the word from the dictionary. Thus, in case the user types the characters wrongly, then the system generates the transliteration accordingly. Therefore, there is no provision for the user to check while entering the characters that whether they are entering the correct character or not. Presently, there exist no systems which can display the transliterated characters on the display interface of the device when the characters in source language are entered.
For example, US Patent 5640587 discloses a computer system which transliterates a test string from first language to second language using transliterator objects, each having a set of transliteration rules arranged in a preferred order. Here, transliteration happens only after typing sufficient number of characters.

In another example, US Patent Application 2005/0043941 discloses a transliteration mechanism that allows a user to view a text in one Indian language, to highlight a word or phrase, and to easily transliterate the selected word or phrase into a target language or script. The mechanism may be an application, an applet, or a plug-in to another application, such as a Web browser. The target language and/or script may be stored in a user profile. Preferably, the source language may be any known Indian language in any known script. Here an Indian language word needs to be highlighted or selected and then request for transliteration needs to be done.
In further example, US Patent Application 2008/0221866 disclose methods for transliteration between texts in different scripts. In one aspect, a method includes generating a transliteration model based on statistical information derived from parallel text having first text in an input script and corresponding second text in an output script; and using the transliteration model to transliterate input characters in the input script to output characters in the output script. In another aspect, a method includes performing word level transliterations. In another aspect, a method includes using an entry-aligned dictionary of source and target script pairs, in which, whenever a particular source word is mapped to multiple target words, the dictionary includes an entry for each target word including the same source word repeated in each entry. In another aspect, a method includes using phonetic scores of words in different scripts to identify corresponding parallel text. Here the space is taken as a delimiter and after that only the typed word gets transliterated. Moreover the typed word gets matched with the possible transliteration words from the dictionary available.
None of the prior arts disclosed above process each and every character as and when typed on the editor of a device & display the transliterated character directly.
In light of the foregoing discussion, there is a need for a method and device to solve the above mentioned problems.

SUMMARY
The shortcomings of the prior art are overcome and additional advantages are provided through the provision of a method and device as described in the description.
The present disclosure solves the limitations of existing techniques by mapping the character of source language into target language and simultaneously displaying the mapped character on display of the device.
In one embodiment, the input mechanism as disclosed in the present disclosure provides a transliteration solution which reduces number of mistakes that can occur during the transliteration.
In further embodiment, the transliteration solution as disclosed in the present disclosure works without prediction and/or dictionary.
In still another embodiment, the transliteration solution as disclosed in the present disclosure performs one to one character mapping from source language to target language.
Additional features and advantages are realized through various techniques provided in the present disclosure. Other embodiments and aspects of the disclosure are described in detail herein and are considered as part of the claimed disclosure.
In one embodiment, the disclosure provides a method for transliteration. The method includes inputting one or more source language character at an insertion point and moving the insertion point after the inputted character. The method further includes sequentially comparing source language character in a transliteration rule table with the inputted one or more source language character(s) preceding the insertion point to detect a match of at least one source language character in the rule table and displaying at least one target language character in the transliteration rule table substituted for the inputted source language character, when a match is detected in the comparison step.
In one embodiment, the comparison further comprises comparing both the inputted source language character and a modifier of the target language character preceding the inputted source language character with the source language character in

the transliteration rule table to detect a match. Here the modifier is either an upper modifier or a lower modifier of the target language character.
In one embodiment, the predefined number of source language characters starting from the beginning of the inputted source language characters and the source language character at the insertion point is compared to the source language character in the transliteration rule table to detect a match.
In one embodiment, the transliteration is terminated when the inputted source language character is a special character.
In one embodiment, the transliteration is terminated when the inputted source language character is a non-English character.
In one embodiment, the rule table provides the source language character and corresponding mapping character in the target language.
In one embodiment, the disclosure provides a device 101 for transliteration comprising an input means 102 for inputting a source language character. The device further comprises a processor 103 responsive to inputted characters for comparing source language character in a transliteration rule table with the inputted source language characters preceding the insertion point to detect a match of at least one source language character in the rule table; and a display 104 for displaying at least one target language character in the transliteration rule table substituted for the inputted source language character.
In one embodiment, the display 104 displays the one or more transliterated characters.
In one embodiment, the device is a portable computing device selected from a group comprising Mobile Phones, Computer Systems, and Personal Digital Assistant (PDA).
The foregoing summary is illustrative only and is not intended to be in any way limiting. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described

above, further aspects, embodiments, and features will become apparent by reference to the drawings and the following detailed description.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS
The novel features and characteristic of the disclosure are set forth in the appended claims. The embodiments of the disclosure itself, however, as well as a preferred mode of use, further objectives and advantages thereof, will best be understood by reference to the following detailed description of an illustrative embodiment when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. One or more embodiments are now described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein like reference numerals represent like elements and in which:
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a device for transliteration, in accordance with one embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for generating transliteration of source language text into target language text, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.
Figs. 3 shows an exemplary user interface embodied in mobile device which diagrammatically illustrates the process flow depicted in the flow chart of fig. 2, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.
The figures depict embodiments of the disclosure for purposes of illustration only. One skilled in the art will readily recognize from the following description that alternative embodiments of the structures and methods illustrated herein may be employed without departing from the principles of the disclosure described herein.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The foregoing has broadly outlined the features and technical advantages of the present disclosure in order that the detailed description of the disclosure that follows may be better understood. Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be described hereinafter which form the subject of the claims of the disclosure. It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the conception and specific embodiment disclosed may be readily utilized as a basis for modifying or designing other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present disclosure. It should also be realized by

those skilled in the art that such equivalent constructions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the disclosure as set forth in the appended claims. The novel features which are believed to be characteristic of the disclosure, both as to its organization and method of operation, together with further objects and advantages will be better understood from the following description when considered in connection with the accompanying figures. It is to be expressly understood, however, that each of the figures is provided for the purpose of illustration and description only and is not intended as a definition of the limits of the present disclosure.
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and a device for transcribing a word or text written in one writing system into another writing system. The source language text is preferably an English language text. Transliteration solution will use English language keypad to enter the source language character. One character or a sequence of English characters will be mapped to one or more characters of the target or specified language. Typing of the English character sequence will be mapped to the predefined set of specified language characters and simultaneously the mapped characters are displayed on the display of the device. The specified language or target language is either an Indian language or non-Indian language. The Indian language for example includes but are not limiting to Hindi, Kannada, Tamil, Telugu, Gujarati, Punjabi, Malayalam, Bengali and Oriya.
Fig 1 is a block diagram of a device 101 used for transliteration. The device 101 includes but are not limiting to mobile devices such as mobile phones, computer systems, and Personal Digital Assistant (PDA). The device 101 includes an input means 102 for inputting the characters to be transliterated. Examples of the input means 102 includes, but are not limited to keypad, touch screen interface, speech/voice recognition device and any other device that can be used to provide input. In one embodiment, the user enters the characters in English language using the input means 102. An interface (not shown in figure) is in-builted within the device 101 for entering the text in any language. The entered character or sequence of characters is mapped to one or more characters in target language. The device 101 further comprises a processor 103 to receive the entered source language character. The processor 103 is responsive to inputted characters for comparing source language character in a transliteration rule table with the inputted source language character(s) preceding the insertion point to detect a match of at least one source language

character in the rule table. In order to detect a match, the processor 103 includes a transliteration rule table where mapping of characters from source language to target language is predefined. The processor 103 is either a microcontroller or microprocessor. Whenever the user enters the characters in predetermined language, the input device 102 transfers the control to the processor 103 to identify available and appropriate corresponding matches in the target language from the transliteration rule table. The mapping means adopts predefined rule logic to select the mapping characters in target language. The rule logic is explained in detail herein below.
In one embodiment, the mapped characters are displayed onto a display 104 of the device 101. The displaying of mapped character would help the users to identify whether they are entering the correct or intended characters for transliteration and no need to wait till the complete word is transliterated to identify the correctness of the transliteration. The displaying of mapped characters reduces the number of errors being committed by the user during transliteration. Once the entered word is transliterated, the same is displayed on the display 104 of the device 101.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for transliteration. The instant method maps one character or a sequence of English characters to one or more characters of the Indian or non-Indian languages. Typing of the English character sequence gets mapped to the predefined set of specified language characters and the same would get displayed on the screen.
At step 201, the user enters the one or more characters in source language at insertion point using the input device 102. Here, the user enters the characters in predefined language preferably in English language. Since the mobile phone users are familiar to English key pad, they use the same to enter the source language character. Once the character is entered, the insertion point is moved after the inputted character. At step 202 the entered characters are processed by the processor 103 for identifying the suitable matches in the transliteration rule table. The processor 103 in response to entered source language character compares source language character in a transliteration rule table with the inputted source language character(s) preceding the insertion point to detect a match of at least one source language character in the rule table. Predefined logic rules are adopted to identify the suitable match in the transliteration rule table.

The exemplary table 1 shows two temporary buffers and intermediate calculations, in which temporary buffer (TB1) stores the source language characters entered by the user and temporary buffer 2 (TB2) stores characters in target language.
In one embodiment, when the user enters the character “m” in the source language, the processor 103 compares source language character in a transliteration rule table with the inputted source language character(s) preceding the insertion point to detect a match of at least one source language character in the transliteration rule table. If match is detected then at least one target language character in the transliteration rule table is substituted for the inputted source language character and is displayed on the display 104 of the device 101. Simultaneously the displayed character is stored in the temporary buffer TB2 in a predefined manner. For example, ‘ ’ is displayed on the display 104 of the device 101 for entered character “m”. However, the entered character “m” is stored in
TB1 and the displayed character ‘ ’ is stored in the TB2 as ‘*’ and ‘o’ (lower
modifier/Halantha) as shown in the above table 1. Now, the user enters the succeeding character “e” at the insertion point and the processor 103 compares entered character “me” with the source language character in the transliteration rule table, if the match is found then the same operation as explained above is repeated. If no match is found then
the processor 103 combines the halantha ‘o’ stored at second index position of the TB2
with the entered character “e” stored at second index position of TB1. The processor 103 now maps combined “qe” with the source language character and identifies target
language character ‘ ’ in the transliteration rule table and transliterates “me” as ’# in the

target language character. The transliterated character is displayed on the display 104 of the device 101.
In the next step when the user enters “r”, the processor 103 compares entered “mer” with the source language characters listed in the transliteration rule table to identify suitable match. Since exact match found for “me”, as explained above, the processor 103 compare the remaining character “r” with the source language character listed in the transliteration rule table. Now the processor 103 identifies “ ” as a match to entered
character “r”. However, the processor 103 stores “ ” as ‘* ’ and ‘o’ in the TB2 as
shown in above table 1. Consider that if the user enters “aa” then the processor 103 combines ‘o’ with “aa” and compares it with source language character in the
transliteration rule table. The processor 103 identifies " as a match to combined characters and generates transliteration ‘TT for entered character “raa”. Once aforesaid
operations are completed, the processor 103 displays the ultimate transliteration #RT on
the display 104 of the device 101. As soon as the user enters the space or special characters or non-English characters, both the temporary buffers are erased.
At step 203 if the match is found in the transliteration rule table then the corresponding target language character substituted for the source language character is displayed on display 104 of the device 101. In one embodiment both mapping and displaying of target language character are performed simultaneously.
In one embodiment, when the modifier of the target language character, for example Halantha is combined with a vowel, it forms an independent vowel. In other words the processor 103 compares both the inputted source language character and modifier of the target language character preceding the inputted source language character with the source language character in the transliteration rule table to detect a match.
The transliteration steps as explained above are clearly illustrated in table 2.

Table 2
An exemplary table 3 shows partial transliteration rule table used in the present disclosure for transcribing a word or text written in one writing system into another writing system.

Table 3 Now, the working of the transliteration process according to one embodiment of the disclosure is explained with reference to one or more examples. However, such examples should not be construed as the limitation on the scope of the technology disclosed in the present disclosure.
Referring now to fig. 3, it illustrates an exemplary user interface embodied in mobile device which diagrammatically illustrates the process flow depicted in the flow chart of fig. 2, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. If the input English character sequence is “meraa bharata mahaana”, the sequence of transliteration process is diagrammatically illustrated in the figures 3. The logic rules as explained above is used in transliterating these inputted source language characters.
The processor 103 make use of the logic rules as explained above to map the characters “mera” to #RT , “bhaarat” to SHRcT, and “mahaan” to ^RT in the target
language as shown in figure 3. The entire transliterated words “#CT TO 3W is displayed on display 104 of the device 101.
Various embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and a device for transliteration.
The advantages of the transliteration solution in the present disclosure, when compared with the existing solutions given above, are it process each and every character as and when typed on the editor of a device and display the transliterated character directly and provides a transliteration solution which reduces number of mistakes that can occur during transliteration.

The present disclosure is not to be limited in terms of the particular embodiments described in this application, which are intended as illustrations of various aspects. Many modifications and variations can be made without departing from its spirit and scope, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Functionally equivalent methods and devices within the scope of the disclosure, in addition to those enumerated herein, will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing descriptions. Such modifications and variations are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims. The present disclosure is to be limited only by the terms of the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting.
With respect to the use of substantially any plural and/or singular terms herein, those having skill in the art can translate from the plural to the singular and/or from the singular to the plural as is appropriate to the context and/or application. The various singular/plural permutations may be expressly set forth herein for sake of clarity.
In addition, where features or aspects of the disclosure are described in terms of Markush groups, those skilled in the art will recognize that the disclosure is also thereby described in terms of any individual member or subgroup of members of the Markush group.
While various aspects and embodiments have been disclosed herein, other aspects and embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The various aspects and embodiments disclosed herein are for purposes of illustration and are not intended to be limiting, with the true scope and spirit being indicated by the following claims.

We claim:

1. A method for transliteration comprising acts of:
inputting one or more source language character at an insertion point and moving the insertion point after the inputted characters;
sequentially comparing source language character in a transliteration rule table with the inputted one or more source language characters preceding the insertion point to detect a match of at least one source language character in the transliteration rule table; and
displaying at least one target language character in the transliteration rule table substituted for the inputted source language character, when a match is detected in the comparison step.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the comparison further comprises comparing both the inputted source language character and a modifier of the target language character preceding the inputted source language character with the source language character in the transliteration rule table to detect a match.

3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the modifier is either an upper modifier or a lower modifier.

4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the predefined number of source language characters starting from the beginning of the inputted source language characters and the source language character at the insertion point is compared to the source language character in the transliteration rule table to detect a match.

5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the transliteration is terminated when the inputted source language character is a special character.

6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the transliteration is terminated when the inputted source language character is a non-English character.

7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the transliteration rule table comprises the source language character and corresponding mapping character in the target language.

8. A device (101) for transliteration comprising:
a. an input means (102) for inputting a source language character;
b. a processor (103) responsive to inputted characters for comparing source
language character in a transliteration rule table with the inputted source
language character(s) preceding the insertion point to detect a match of at least
one source language character in the rule table; and
c. a display (104) for displaying at least one target language character in the
transliteration rule table substituted for the inputted source language character.

9. The device as claimed in claim 8, wherein the display (104) displays the one or more transliterated characters.

10. The device as claimed in claim 8, wherein the device is a portable computing device selected from a group comprising Mobile Phones, Computer Systems, and Personal Digital Assistant (PDA).