Claims:CLAIMS:
I / We Claim:
1. A method to extract phytochemicals, amino acids, and vitamins from colpomenia sinuosa and halymenia porphyroides seaweeds, comprising:
collecting marine brown sea weed colpomenia sinuosa, and marine red sea weed halymenia porphyroides;
washing said collected sea weed with seawater for eliminating impurities;
preserving said washed seaweed sample with formaldehyde in seawater;
washing said washed seaweed sample under running tap water to remove salt, followed by washing three times using distilled water to remove metallic compounds to obtain a clean seaweed sample;
drying said clean seaweed sample in shade at room temperature for 48 hours to obtain a dried seaweed sample;
pulverising said dried seaweed sample to obtain pulverised dry sea weed powder;
storing said pulverised dry sea weed powder samples in an air tight container at room temperature;
extracting 100 gm of said pulverised dry sea weed powder samples repeatedly by maceration for 6 hours with 100 mL of 80% ethanol in the cold to obtain homogenous extract;
drying said homogenous extract over anhydrous calcium chloride in a desiccator and dissolving in 100 mL of 80% ethanol,
whereby said method extracts phytochemical, amino acid, fatty acid and vitamins from colpomenia sinuosa and halymenia porphyroides seaweeds that provides essential nutrition in both human and animal diet.
2, The method to extract phytochemicals, amino acids, and vitamins from colpomenia sinuosa and halymenia porphyroides seaweeds, as claimed in claim 1, wherein said washed seaweed with formaldehyde is transported in a box containing slush ice.
3. The method to extract phytochemicals, amino acids, and vitamins from colpomenia sinuosa and halymenia porphyroides seaweeds, as claimed in claim 1, wherein said clean seaweed sample is dried in shade at room temperature of 37°C.
4. The method to extract phytochemicals, amino acids, and vitamins from colpomenia sinuosa and halymenia porphyroides seaweeds, as claimed in claim 1, wherein said homogenous extract include high amount of phytochemical, amino acid, fatty acid and vitamins.
5. The method to extract phytochemicals, amino acids, and vitamins from colpomenia sinuosa and halymenia porphyroides seaweeds, as claimed in claim 4, wherein said vitamins include water soluble vitamins such as vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin-C and fat-soluble vitamins such as vitamin A, vitamin-D, vitamin-E, and vitamin-K or the like.
6. The method to extract phytochemicals, amino acids, and vitamins from colpomenia sinuosa and halymenia porphyroides seaweeds, as claimed in claim 1, wherein said colpomenia sinuosa have higher amount of phenols, alkaloids, triterpenoids, steroids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, anthraquinones and glycosides than the halymenia porphyroides. , Description:DESCRIPTION:
Field of the invention:
[0001] The present disclosure generally relates to the technical field of extraction of nutrition from seaweeds and in specific relates to the extraction of phytochemical, amino acid, fatty acid and vitamins from colpomenia sinuosa and halymenia porphyroides seaweeds that provides essential nutrition in both human and animal diet.
Background of the invention:
[0002] Marine algae are considered very important because they are an excellent source of single-cell protein, hydrocarbons, biogas, and polysaccharides such as agar-agar, alginic acid, carrageenan, antibiotics, and colour pigments. The a-amylase and a-glucosidase enzymes play a key role in the degradation of starch and oligosaccharides to glucose and, if suppressed, would in turn, delay the glucose absorption in the intestine. Eventually, the postprandial blood sugar is controlled.

[0003] In general, seaweeds are one of the marine macroscopic organisms which possesses high nutrition value and rich bioactive compounds. These marine organisms consist of high amount of iodine which enhances thyroid function in human beings. However, the conventional products which are extracted from seaweeds do not remove iodine quantity thereby patients with high blood pressure cannot consume it.

[0004] The marine macroscopic algae have innumerable benefits in health care systems. These marine macroscopic algae enhance digestion in both human beings and animals. However, excessive usage of the conventional marine macroscopic algae also causes indigestion problems due to the rich presence of fibres in it.

[0005] Conventionally, chlorophyta is a type of sea weed which is an important source of food for marine animals such as planktons. These chlorophyta also reduce obesity and decrease cholesterol quantity in the blood. However, the extraction process of nutrition from the chlorophyta is tedious and expensive.

[0006] Therefore, there exists a need to extract phytochemical, amino acid, fatty acid and vitamins as essential nutrients. There is a need to extract alkaloids for the formulations in nutraceutical industry as antimalarial agents, central nervous system stimulants and antibacterial agents. There is a need to provide a supplement for building lean muscle mass. There is a need to extract flavonoids that can be used an antioxidant agent as well as an antimicrobial agent. There is a need to provide marine based sea weed to cure various diseases such as cancer, ulcer, gonorrhea and leucorrhoea.

Objectives of the invention:
[0007] The primary objective of the invention is to extract phytochemical, amino acid, fatty acid and vitamins from colpomenia sinuosa and halymenia porphyroides seaweeds that provides essential nutrition in both human and animal diet.

[0008] Further objective of the invention is to evaluate and compare presence of phytochemicals, amino acids, and fatty acids in colpomenia sinousa and halymenia porphyroides.

[0009] Another objective of the invention is to extract steroids from colpomenia sinuosa and halymenia porphyroides seaweeds to treat delayed puberty and provide a supplement for building lean muscle mass.

[0010] Yet another objective of the invention is to extract flavonoids that is used as an antioxidant agent as well as an antimicrobial agent.

[0011] Another objective of the invention is to provide marine based sea weed extracts to cure various diseases such as cancer, ulcer, gonorrhea and leucorrhoea.
Summary of the invention:
[0012] The present disclosure proposes a method to extract phytochemicals, amino acids, and vitamins from marine seaweeds. The following presents a simplified summary in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the claimed subject matter. This summary is not an extensive overview. It is not intended to identify key/critical elements or to delineate the scope of the claimed subject matter. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.

[0013] In order to overcome the above deficiencies of the prior art, the present disclosure is to solve the technical problem to provide extraction of phytochemical, amino acid, fatty acid and vitamins from colpomenia sinuosa and halymenia porphyroides seaweeds that provides essential nutrition in both human and animal diet.

[0014] According to an aspect, the invention provides a method to extract phytochemicals, amino acids, and vitamins from colpomenia sinuosa and halymenia porphyroides seaweeds. In specific, the method aids to extract phytochemical, amino acid, fatty acid and vitamins from colpomenia sinuosa and halymenia porphyroides seaweeds that provides essential nutrition in both human and animal diet. The vitamins include water soluble vitamins such as vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin-C and fat-soluble vitamins such as vitamin A, vitamin-D, vitamin-E, and vitamin-K or the like.

[0015] The method comprises collecting marine brown sea weed colpomenia sinuosa, and marine red sea weed halymenia porphyroides. Then, the collected sea weeds are washed with seawater to eliminate impurities. Later, the washed sea weed sample is preserved with formaldehyde in sea water. In specific, the washed seaweed with is transported in a box containing slush ice.

[0016] Then, the washed sea weed sample is washed under running tap water to remove salt, and further the washed sea weed sample is washed three times using distilled water to remove metallic compounds to obtain a clean sea weed sample. Then, the clean sea weed sample is dried in shade at room temperature for 48 hours to obtain dried seaweed sample. In specific, the clean seaweed sample is dried in shade at room temperature of 37°C.

[0017] Later, the dried seaweed samples are pulverized to obtain dry sea weed powder. Then, the pulverized sea weed powder samples are stored in an air tight container at room temperature. Later, the 100 gm of pulverized dry sea weed powder is extracted repeatedly by maceration for 6 hours with 100 mL of 80% ethanol in the cool environment to obtain homogenous extract. In specific, the homogenous extract includes high amount of phytochemical, amino acid, fatty acid and vitamins. Finally, the homogenous extract is dried over anhydrous calcium chloride in a desiccator and dissolved in 100 mL of 80% ethanol. In specific, the colpomenia sinuosa samples have higher number of phenols, alkaloids, triterpenoids, steroids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, anthraquinones and glycosides than the halymenia porphyroides.

Brief description of drawings:
[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention, and, together with the description, explain the principles of the invention.

[0019] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary method to extract phytochemicals, amino acids, and vitamins from colpomenia sinuosa and halymenia porphyroides seaweeds in accordance to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

[0020] FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary plot depicting phytochemical analysis of the experimental marine seaweeds in accordance to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

[0021] FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary total amino acid analysis of the experimental marine seaweeds in accordance to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

[0022] FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary vitamin analysis of the experimental marine seaweeds in accordance to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

Detailed invention disclosure:
[0023] Various embodiments of the present invention will be described in reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, same or similar reference numerals are used in the drawings and the description to refer to the same or like parts or steps.

[0024] The present disclosure has been made with a view towards solving the problem with the prior art described above, and it is an object of the present invention to provide extraction of phytochemical, amino acid, fatty acid and vitamins from colpomenia sinuosa and halymenia porphyroides seaweeds that provides essential nutrition in both human and animal diet.

[0025] According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, FIG. 1 refers to an exemplary method 100 to extract phytochemicals, amino acids, and vitamins from colpomenia sinuosa and halymenia porphyroides seaweeds. The invention provides a method 100 to extract phytochemicals, amino acids, and vitamins from colpomenia sinuosa and halymenia porphyroides seaweeds. In specific, the method 100 extracts phytochemical, amino acids, fatty acids and vitamins from colpomenia sinuosa and halymenia porphyroides seaweeds that provides essential nutrition in both human and animal diets. The vitamins include water soluble vitamins such as vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin-C and fat-soluble vitamins such as vitamin A, vitamin-D, vitamin-E, and vitamin-K or the like.

[0026] The method 100 comprises firstly, marine brown sea weed colpomenia sinuosa, and marine red sea weed halymenia porphyroides samples are collected, at the step 102. Then, the collected sea weed samples are washed with seawater to eliminate impurities, at the step 104. Later, at the step 106 the washed sea weed sample is preserved with formaldehyde in sea water. In specific, the washed seaweed with is transported in a box containing slush ice.

[0027] Then, at the step 108, the washed sea weed sample is washed under running tap water to remove salt, and further the washed sea weed samples are washed three times using distilled water to remove metallic compounds to obtain a clean sea weed sample. Then, at the step 110, the clean sea weed sample is dried in shade at room temperature for 48 hours to obtain dried seaweed sample. In specific, the clean seaweed sample is dried in shade at room temperature of 37°C.

[0028] Later, at the step 112, the dried seaweed sample is pulverized to obtain dry sea weed powder. Then, at the step 114, the pulverized sea weed powder samples are stored in the air tight container at room temperature. Later, at the step 116, the 100 gm of pulverized dry sea weed powder is extracted repeatedly by maceration for 6 hours with 100 mL of 80% ethanol in the cold environment to obtain homogenous extract. In specific, said homogenous extract includes high amount of phytochemical, amino acid, fatty acid and vitamins. Finally, at the step 118, the homogenous extract is dried over anhydrous calcium chloride in a desiccator and dissolved in 100 mL of 80% ethanol. In specific, the colpomenia sinuosa samples have higher number of phenols, alkaloids, triterpenoids, steroids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, anthraquinones and glycosides than the halymenia porphyroides samples.

[0029] According to another exemplary embodiment of the invention, FIG. 2 an exemplary plot depicting phytochemical analysis 200 of the experimental marine seaweeds 200. The phytochemical analysis of the crude extracts of experimental algae colpomenia sinuosa and halymenia porphyroides showed the presence of phenols, alkaloids, triterpenoids, steroids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, anthraquinones and glycosides.

[0030] The extract of Colpomenia sinuosa had higher amounts of phenols (56.45 ± 0.01 mg/g dry wt) and lesser amounts of steroids (20.13 ± 0.01 mg/g dry wt), tannins (15.45 ± 0.08 mg/g dry wt), alkaloids (12.35 ± 0.01 mg/g dry wt., flavonoids (2.13 ± 0.01 mg/g dry wt) and glycosides (9.05 ± 0.01 mg/g-1 dry wt) than that in Halymenia porphyroides where the amount of steroids (30.47 ± 0.01 mg/g dry wt), glycosides (23.46 ± 9.08 mg/g dry wt), alkaloids (20.35 ± 0.01 mg/g dry wt), tannins (15.35 ± 0.01 mg/g dry wt), triterpenoids (9.33 ± 0.01 mg/g dry wt) are high while the amount of phenols (9.02 ± 3.32 mg/ g dry wt) is low.
[0031] For instance, table 1 illustrates phytochemical analysis data of the experimental marine seaweeds.

[0032] Table 1:
S.No Phytochemicals Colpomenia
sinuosa
Halymenia porphyroides
1 Phenols 56.45±0.01 9.02±3.32
2 Alkaloids 12.35±0.01 20.35±0.01
3 Triterpenoids 3.45±0.01 9.33±0.01
4 Steroids 20.13±0.01 30.47±0.01
5 Tannins 15.45±0.08 15.35±0.01
6 Saponins 2.35±0.01 3.47±0.01
7 Flavonoids 12.13±0.01 4.43±0.01
8 Anthraquinones 3.35±0.01 4.15±0.02
9 Glycosides 9.05±0.01 23.46±9.08

[0033] According to another exemplary embodiment of the invention, FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary total amino acid analysis 300 of the experimental marine seaweeds. A dried sample of the experimental algae consists of 20 amino acids. The amino acid analysis of Colpomenia sinuosa showed marginally high content of essential amino acids (62.06%) as compared to Halymenia porphyroides (approximately 62%). Non-essential amino acids of Colpomenia sinuosa were slightly lesser in quantity (37.94%) as compared to that in Halymenia porphyroides (38%).

[0034] Colpomenia sinuosa showed high levels of lysine (8.99%), histidine (8.84 %), methionine (7.91%), tyrosine (7.41%) and cysteine (6.25%) and a high level of non-essential amino acid, arginine (6.92%), alanine (5.84%), glycine (5.77%) and glutamine (5.41%). The Halymenia porphyroides showed a high level of histidine (9.93%), lysine (9.33%), tyrosine (8.93%), methionine (8.81%) and cysteine (7.69%) and a high level of non-essential amino acid, arginine (7.71%), alanine (6.75%) and glycine (6.20%).

[0035] For instance, table 2 illustrates Total amino acid analysis of the experimental marine seaweeds.

[0036] Table 2:
S.No Total amino acids Colpomenia sinuosa Halymenia porphyroides
1 Aspartic Acid 304.66±0.14 334.66±0.14
2 Glutamic Acid 112.66±0.08 503.63±0.14
3 Asparagine 204.6±0.11 113.5±0.11
4 Serine 113.47±0.01 394.53±0.08
5 Glutamine 545.6±0.15 473.76±0.08
6 Glycine 221.7±0.11 893.5±0.11
7 Threonine 182.33±0.14 193.5±0.11
8 Arginine 436.7±0.11 771.5±0.11
9 Alanine 113.53±0.08 783.53±0.08
10 Cysteine 203.5±0.11 769.43±0.08
11 Tyrosine 304.7±0.11 893.46±0.08
12 Histidine 335.46±0.12 993.53±0.14
13 Valine 110.53±0.12 334.7±0.11
14 Methionine 654.5±0.11 880.7±0.11
15 Isoleucine 323.7±0.11 340.06±0.08
16 Phenylalanine 215.73±0.08 304.47±0.01
17 Leucine 113.6±0.15 353.5±0.11
18 Lysine 335.26±0.08 933.43±0.23
19 Proline 403.5±0.11 113.56±0.12
20 Tryptophan 115.56±0.01 203.66±0.14

[0037] For instance, table 3 illustrates Total amino acid analysis (%) of the experimental marine seaweeds.

[0038] Table 3:
S.No Amino acids Colpomenia sinuosa (%) Halymenia porphyroides (%)
Essential amino acids
1 Threonine 1.82 1.94
2 Cysteine 6.25 7.69
3 Tyrosine 7.41 8.93
4 Histidine 8.84 9.93
5 Valine 3.01 3.35
6 Methionine 7.91 8.81
7 Isoleucine 4.91 3.4
8 Phenylalanine 5.11 3.04
9 Leucine 4.34 3.54
10 Lysine 8.99 9.33
11 Tryptophan 3.47 2.04
Total essential amino acids 62.06 62
Non-essential amino acids
12 Aspartic acid 3.05 3.35
13 Glutamic acid 2.79 3.04
14 Arginine 6.92 7.71
15 Alanine 5.84 6.75
16 Asparagine 2.05 1.14
17 Serine 2.1 3.94
18 Glutamine 5.41 4.73
19 Glycine 5.77 6.2
20 Proline 4.01 1.14
Total non-essential amino acids 37.94 38
Total amino acids 100 100

[0039] The experimental algae Colpomenia sinuosa and Halymenia porphyroides contain fatty acids such as palmitic acid, margaric acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linolenic acid, alpha linolenic acid and morotic acid. It is observed that Colpomenia sinuosa contains high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which constituted 51.03% of total fatty acids. The saturated fatty acids (SFA) constituted about 42.66%, whereas the levels of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) are only 6.31%. The alga Halymenia porphyroides also possess high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (51.47% of total fatty acid content) and saturated fatty acids (SFA) constituted 39.90%, whereas percentage of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) observed is 8.63%.

[0040] For instance, table 4 illustrates fatty acid analysis of the experimental marine seaweeds.

[0041] Table 4:
S.No Fatty acids Colpomenia sinuosa Halymenia porphyroides
1 Palmic Acid 113.5±0.11 119.36±0.14
2 Margaric Acid 112.46±0.20 3.53±0.08
3 Stearic Acid 203.56±0.17 303.5±0.11
4 Oleic Acid 334.23±0.14 863.5±0.11
5 Linoleic Acid 193.7±0.11 781.73±0.08
6 Alpha Linoleic Acid 203.56±0.12 831.73±0.08
7 Morotic Acid 119.5±0.11 335.7±0.11

[0042] For instance, table 5 illustrates fatty acid analysis (%) of the experimental marine seaweeds.

[0043] Table 5:
Fatty acids Colpomenia sinuosa (%) Halymenia porphyroides (%)
Saturated fatty acids
Palmitic acid 3.13 2.19
Stearic acid 28.47 29.12
Margaric acid 11.06 8.59
Total 42.66 39.9
Monounsaturated fatty acids
Oleic acid 6.31 8.63
Polyunsaturated fatty acids
Linolenic acid 15.59 16.14
Alpha linolenic acid 27.12 31.21
Morotic acid 8.32 4.12
Total PUFA 51.03 51.47
Total 100 100

[0044] According to another exemplary embodiment of the invention, FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary vitamin analysis 400 of the experimental marine seaweeds. For instance, table 6 illustrates Vitamin analysis of the experimental marine seaweeds.

[0045] Table 6:
S.No
Vitamins Colpomenia sinuosa Halymenia porphyroides
1 Vitamin B6 2.7±0.11 0.33±0.01
2 Vitamin B12 0.057±0.01 0.10±0.01
3 Vitamin K 1.79±0.05 1.7±0.02
4 Vitamin D 2.33±0.14 1.83±0.02
5 Vitamin A 23.47±0.01 34.7±0.11
6 Vitamin E 33.66±0.14 2.24±0.02
7 Vitamin C 1.45±0.09 8.35±0.01

[0046] From the table 6, it is concluded that the experimental algae Colpomenia sinuosa and Halymenia porphyroides showed the presence of water soluble vitamins such as vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin-C and fat soluble vitamins such as vitamin A, vitamin-D, vitamin-E, and vitamin-K. Colpomenia sinuosa contains high amounts of vitamin A (23.45 ± 0.01 µg/g) as compared to other vitamins, whereas Halymenia porphyroides contains high amounts of vitamin A (34.5 ± 0.11 µg/g) and vitamin C (8.33 ± 0.01 µg/g) as compared to other vitamins.

[0047] Numerous advantages of the present disclosure may be apparent from the discussion above. In accordance with the present disclosure, the proposed method aids to extract phytochemical, amino acid, fatty acid and vitamins from colpomenia sinuosa and halymenia porphyroides seaweeds that provides essential nutrition in both human and animal diets. The presence of phytochemicals, amino acids, and fatty acids in colpomenia sinousa and halymenia porphyroides is compared and evaluated easily. The steroids are extracted from colpomenia sinuosa and halymenia porphyroides seaweeds to treat delayed puberty and provide a supplement for building lean muscle mass. The flavonoids are extracted that are used as antioxidant agents as well as an antimicrobial agent. The extracted nutrition from colpomenia sinuosa and halymenia porphyroides seaweeds helps cure various diseases such as cancer, ulcer, gonorrhea and leucorrhoea.

[0048] It will readily be apparent that numerous modifications and alterations can be made to the processes described in the foregoing examples without departing from the principles underlying the invention, and all such modifications and alterations are intended to be embraced by this application.